duffeln.adj.

Brit.

/ˈdʌfl/, U.S.

/ˈdəf(ə)l/

Forms: 1600s– duffel, 1600s–1700s 1900s– duffield (now historical and rare), 1600s–1800s duffil, 1600s– duffle, 1700s duffell.

Origin: A borrowing from Dutch. Etymon: Dutch duffel.

Etymology: < Dutch duffel kind of thick woollen cloth (1637, also used to denote an overcoat made from such cloth (18th cent.)) < the name of Duffel (Dutch Duffel, French Duffel), a town in the province of Antwerp, Belgium, where the cloth had been produced since the 15th cent. Compare Middle Low German düffel (only in late sources), German Düffel (1647), both denoting the cloth.Early uses as count noun apparently reflect early modern Dutch usage. With attributive uses (see B.) compare Dutch duffels (adjective) from the town of Duffel (1637), made of duffel cloth (1684 in duffelse rok overcoat made of duffel cloth; < the name of Duffel (see A.) + -s , variant of -is -ish suffix¹).

A. n.

1. A coarse woollen cloth having a thick nap or frieze; a piece of such fabric (frequently in plural).

ΘΚΠ

the world > textiles and clothing > textiles > textile fabric or an article of textile fabric > textile fabric > textile fabric made from specific material > made from wool > [noun] > coarse or rough

russeta1300

cogware1389

molton1545

forest-white1551

penistone1551

pinwhite1604

duroy1619

duffel1649

long ell1706

duffel cloth1787

flushing1812

bull's wool1850

1649 in J. H. Trumbull Public Rec. Colony Connecticut (1850) I. 497 25 yards greene tammy, 2l. 18s. 4d.; 13 peeces of duffles, 130l.

1669–70 Petition in W. Lowrie & W. S. Franklin Documents Congr. U.S.: Indian Affairs (1834) II. 187 We may bring the comodities of holland for ye trade of ye indians, which cannot be so well made in England, and if prohibited wthout doubt in a short time, will cause all the trade for Cannada, where they wilbe furnished wth these dutch duffles.

1695 J. Miller Descr. New York (1843) 42 Indian goods, as duffels, shirts.

1725 D. Defoe Compl. Eng. Tradesman I. xxiii. 394 Kerseys, Cottons, Half-Thicks, Duffields..in Lancashire and Westmoreland.

1770 M. Page invoice 15 Feb. in F. Mason John Norton & Sons (1968) 125 Invoice of Goods... 8 ps. Blanketing Duffle.

1802 W. Wordsworth Alice Fell 53 Let it be of duffil grey.

1862 T. Carlyle Hist. Friedrich II of Prussia III. xi. iv. 90 Muffled up in a dressing-gown of coarse blue duffel.

1936 Geogr. Jrnl. 87 435 Wind-proof hooded coats of either Grenfell or moleskin, of which the hood and wrists were trimmed with fur, over an inner coat of duffle.

1988 H. Kraft Lenape vii. 202 A coarsely woven cloth called duffel was prized more than bearskin robes.

1993 Up Here (Yellowknife, N.W. Territories) Oct. 55/1 Boot uppers can be sewn from duffel, stroud, heavy canvas, sheepskin, caribou or sealskin.

2. Short for duffel coat n.

ΘΚΠ

the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > types or styles of clothing > clothing for body or trunk (and limbs) > [noun] > coat > types of > made of specific material

skin coat1533

buff1598

buff coat1633

hair-camlet1676

duffel1852

Guernsey coat1859

rabbit1877

polo coat1880

lammy coat1916

sheepskin1917

teddy bear1925

ranch mink1934

Persian1957

Persian lamb1959

leathers1962

leopard1973

Afghan1974

sable1975

squirrel1978

1852 New Monthly Mag. 96 92 Having then tried on a dark-brown duffle, and a red-brown, and a pepper-and-salt duffle, and a black saxony jacket..at length [he] chose the red-brown duffle as the gayest of the whole.

1871 Eng. Mechanic 9 June 273/3 He is great in waterproofs..; he is supreme with brown duffles to keep the damp from the skin.

1950 D. Thomas Let. 25 Feb. (1987) 748 I never thought anything could be so cold, my ears nearly fell off: the wind just whipped through that monstrous duffle.

1972 G. M. Brown Greenvoe (1976) v. 203 The young light-keeper with the duffle arrived..at the door. Inga was thrust into the jacket and buttoned up.

2011 N.Y. Times (National ed.) 25 Aug. e8/3 The enduring popularity of the toggle coat, otherwise known as the duffle.

3. North American. Clothing, camping equipment, etc., as carried on an expedition. Also more generally: anything which has to be carried in a pack or as luggage. Cf. kit n.¹ 2b.The semantic motivation for this sense is unclear; it may reflect a reanalysis of duffel bag n. as referring to the contents of such a bag, rather than the material from which it is made, although the compound duffel bag is rare until the late 19th cent. Alternatively, the reference may be to duffel (sense A. 1) as a material from which clothing and other items carried on an expedition were commonly made.

ΚΠ

1869 Harper's Weekly 23 Jan. 52/3 There's the very log what Mr. Lynx was sharpening his claws on when I dropped my duffel, such as traps and pelts, and onhitched for him, and got his pelt.

1889 Internat. Ann. Anthonys Photogr. Bull. 188 His dainty craft has room for little beyond her crew and a limited amount of duffle.

1942 L. D. Rich We took to Woods i. 22 All summer long Ralph hauls canoes and duffle across the carry for camping parties.

1974 Globe & Mail (Toronto) 19 Jan. 41/1 Ottawa Nationals packed their duffle in bags last spring and..fled to Toronto.

2015 E. Archer Slices of Eden viii. 28 After we dumped our duffel in our assigned rooms, we assembled in a small wooden building.

4. Short for duffel bag n. at Compounds 2.Quot. 1930 may be an example of sense A. 3.

ΘΚΠ

society > occupation and work > equipment > receptacle or container > bag > [noun] > for personal belongings > cylindrical

duffel bag1768

valise1833

duffel1930

1930 Auk 47 537 I ran..to where my duffle lay, dug a gun from the bottom of the bag, and returned.

1942 Penguin New Writing 15 17 All that stuff, and my duffle full of gear and my overcoat and everything.

1976 Billings (Montana) Sunday Gaz. 27 June 4 g/2 (advt.) A complete line of attractively styled, rugged luggage and duffels for the traveler who likes to go light.

2003 Mountain, Trek & Trav. Catal. (Ellis Brigham) Autumn–Winter 107/2 A duffle with a clean design, perfect for lugging kit around by public transport.

B. adj. (attributive).

Made from or consisting of duffel (sense A. 1). See also duffel coat n.

ΚΠ

1699 J. Dickinson Gods Protecting Provid. 94 He gave each of them a Duffel Blankett.

1732 S.-Carolina Gaz. 21 Oct. 3/2 He had on when he went away a blue Duffils Jacket.

1759 G. Washington Writings (1889) II. 138 Light duffil Cloak with silver frogs.

1791 ‘T. Newte’ Prospects & Observ. Tour 246 Duffle great coats.

1856 H. Mayhew Upper Rhine 260 A long grey great-coat like a duffle dressing-gown.

1863 E. C. Gaskell Sylvia's Lovers I. ii. 20 She was going..to buy a bran new duffle cloak all for herself.

1907 M. Blair Paisley Thread Industry x. 109 They were all clad in grey duffel cloaks with hoods which obscured their faces.

1970 J. L. Briggs Never in Anger v. 191 He..was well dressed in a worn duffel parka and fairly new store clothes.

2010 N. Shukla Coconut Unlimited v. 135 I was wearing my navy blue duffle raincoat from school cos it was cold outside.

Compounds

C1. Instrumental, as duffel-clad, †duffel-dressed adjs.

ΚΠ

1782 J. Trumbull MʽFingal (new ed.) iii. 56 Call'd forth each duffil-dress'd curmudgeon.

1844 Morning Post 5 Oct. 3/3 The Cumberland Pacquet designates the Manx people as ‘drone-like, duffle-clad puffins’.

1901 R. Kipling Kim xiii. 330 The sallow, greasy, duffle-clad people.

1999 J. Norbu Mandala of Sherlock Holmes 119 Rude stone huts inhabited by sallow, greasy, duffle-clad mountaineers and their equally greasy sheep.

C2.

duffel bag n. †(a) a bag made of duffel (obsolete); (b) (originally U.S.) a cylindrical bag, made of canvas or other stout material, for carrying personal belongings (cf. sense A. 3); a kitbag.

ΘΚΠ

society > occupation and work > equipment > receptacle or container > bag > [noun] > for personal belongings > cylindrical

duffel bag1768

valise1833

duffel1930

1768 Public Advertiser 25 Feb. (advt.) An old green Duffil Bag.

1875 Graphic 15 May 402/1 When a party pitches a tent for sleeping they envelope themselves..in a duffel bag, and button up from head to foot.

1903 Washington Post 24 May g7/7 The kettle holds everything else, and in turn fits into a canvas bag. This allows of packing the cooking outfit in the duffle bag with no danger of blacking up other things.

1939 A. Keith Land below Wind xx. 312 There were our two brief-cases..and the duffle bag.

1961 L. van der Post Heart of Hunter i. vii. 114 In the end the suitcase and duffle bag we had given Dabé were nearly bursting with presents.

2006 Hi Life Issue 5. 54 Made from denier polyamide and with full-grain cowhide leather accents and chrome finishing, this Samsonite duffel bag is the perfect travel companion for the business traveller.

duffel cloth n. = sense A. 1.

ΚΠ

1787 W. Combe Anderson's Hist. Origin Commerce (rev. ed.) III. 173 Three ships..carrying..coarse duffle cloth or blanketing.

1865 Once a Week 11 Nov. 580/1 The green frock and mantle of fine duffle cloth for winter Sundays and festivals.

2002 T. Morantz White Man's gonna Getcha i. 23 The pelts that were furnished to obtain iron axes, copper kettles, and duffle cloth required an exhausting expenditure of human energy.

duffel jacket n. = duffel coat n.

ΚΠ

1732 S.-Carolina Gaz. 21 Oct. 3/2 He had on when he went away a blue Duffils Jacket.

1799 E. Meeke Harcourt I. xv. 297 The door was opened by a footboy in a livery (if a duffel jacket, ornamented with a dark blue collar and cuffs, deserved the appellation).

1851 H. Ward Jasper Lyle i. 16 Frankfort laughed, and took some sticks of tobacco from the vast pockets of his duffle jacket.

1917 E. D. Hubbard Moffats vi. 93 Robert had exactly two substantial shirts left, and one of them he gave to Afrikaner, who donned in addition a pair of leather trousers, a time-worn duffel jacket and an old hat of nondescript hue.

1948 Times 7 Oct. 1/2 (advt.) Duffel Jackets, off white, 50s.

2013 M. M. Campbell Konkretion 113 Monique pulled up her knees under her duffle jacket in the icy spring morning.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2016; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	duffel
释义	duffeln.adj. Brit. /ˈdʌfl/, U.S. /ˈdəf(ə)l/ Forms: 1600s– duffel, 1600s–1700s 1900s– duffield (now historical and rare), 1600s–1800s duffil, 1600s– duffle, 1700s duffell. Origin: A borrowing from Dutch. Etymon: Dutch duffel. Etymology: < Dutch duffel kind of thick woollen cloth (1637, also used to denote an overcoat made from such cloth (18th cent.)) < the name of Duffel (Dutch Duffel, French Duffel), a town in the province of Antwerp, Belgium, where the cloth had been produced since the 15th cent. Compare Middle Low German düffel (only in late sources), German Düffel (1647), both denoting the cloth.Early uses as count noun apparently reflect early modern Dutch usage. With attributive uses (see B.) compare Dutch duffels (adjective) from the town of Duffel (1637), made of duffel cloth (1684 in duffelse rok overcoat made of duffel cloth; < the name of Duffel (see A.) + -s , variant of -is -ish suffix¹). A. n. 1. A coarse woollen cloth having a thick nap or frieze; a piece of such fabric (frequently in plural). ΘΚΠ the world > textiles and clothing > textiles > textile fabric or an article of textile fabric > textile fabric > textile fabric made from specific material > made from wool > [noun] > coarse or rough russeta1300 cogware1389 molton1545 forest-white1551 penistone1551 pinwhite1604 duroy1619 duffel1649 long ell1706 duffel cloth1787 flushing1812 bull's wool1850 1649 in J. H. Trumbull Public Rec. Colony Connecticut (1850) I. 497 25 yards greene tammy, 2l. 18s. 4d.; 13 peeces of duffles, 130l. 1669–70 Petition in W. Lowrie & W. S. Franklin Documents Congr. U.S.: Indian Affairs (1834) II. 187 We may bring the comodities of holland for ye trade of ye indians, which cannot be so well made in England, and if prohibited wthout doubt in a short time, will cause all the trade for Cannada, where they wilbe furnished wth these dutch duffles. 1695 J. Miller Descr. New York (1843) 42 Indian goods, as duffels, shirts. 1725 D. Defoe Compl. Eng. Tradesman I. xxiii. 394 Kerseys, Cottons, Half-Thicks, Duffields..in Lancashire and Westmoreland. 1770 M. Page invoice 15 Feb. in F. Mason John Norton & Sons (1968) 125 Invoice of Goods... 8 ps. Blanketing Duffle. 1802 W. Wordsworth Alice Fell 53 Let it be of duffil grey. 1862 T. Carlyle Hist. Friedrich II of Prussia III. xi. iv. 90 Muffled up in a dressing-gown of coarse blue duffel. 1936 Geogr. Jrnl. 87 435 Wind-proof hooded coats of either Grenfell or moleskin, of which the hood and wrists were trimmed with fur, over an inner coat of duffle. 1988 H. Kraft Lenape vii. 202 A coarsely woven cloth called duffel was prized more than bearskin robes. 1993 Up Here (Yellowknife, N.W. Territories) Oct. 55/1 Boot uppers can be sewn from duffel, stroud, heavy canvas, sheepskin, caribou or sealskin. 2. Short for duffel coat n. ΘΚΠ the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > types or styles of clothing > clothing for body or trunk (and limbs) > [noun] > coat > types of > made of specific material skin coat1533 buff1598 buff coat1633 hair-camlet1676 duffel1852 Guernsey coat1859 rabbit1877 polo coat1880 lammy coat1916 sheepskin1917 teddy bear1925 ranch mink1934 Persian1957 Persian lamb1959 leathers1962 leopard1973 Afghan1974 sable1975 squirrel1978 1852 New Monthly Mag. 96 92 Having then tried on a dark-brown duffle, and a red-brown, and a pepper-and-salt duffle, and a black saxony jacket..at length [he] chose the red-brown duffle as the gayest of the whole. 1871 Eng. Mechanic 9 June 273/3 He is great in waterproofs..; he is supreme with brown duffles to keep the damp from the skin. 1950 D. Thomas Let. 25 Feb. (1987) 748 I never thought anything could be so cold, my ears nearly fell off: the wind just whipped through that monstrous duffle. 1972 G. M. Brown Greenvoe (1976) v. 203 The young light-keeper with the duffle arrived..at the door. Inga was thrust into the jacket and buttoned up. 2011 N.Y. Times (National ed.) 25 Aug. e8/3 The enduring popularity of the toggle coat, otherwise known as the duffle. 3. North American. Clothing, camping equipment, etc., as carried on an expedition. Also more generally: anything which has to be carried in a pack or as luggage. Cf. kit n.¹ 2b.The semantic motivation for this sense is unclear; it may reflect a reanalysis of duffel bag n. as referring to the contents of such a bag, rather than the material from which it is made, although the compound duffel bag is rare until the late 19th cent. Alternatively, the reference may be to duffel (sense A. 1) as a material from which clothing and other items carried on an expedition were commonly made. ΚΠ 1869 Harper's Weekly 23 Jan. 52/3 There's the very log what Mr. Lynx was sharpening his claws on when I dropped my duffel, such as traps and pelts, and onhitched for him, and got his pelt. 1889 Internat. Ann. Anthonys Photogr. Bull. 188 His dainty craft has room for little beyond her crew and a limited amount of duffle. 1942 L. D. Rich We took to Woods i. 22 All summer long Ralph hauls canoes and duffle across the carry for camping parties. 1974 Globe & Mail (Toronto) 19 Jan. 41/1 Ottawa Nationals packed their duffle in bags last spring and..fled to Toronto. 2015 E. Archer Slices of Eden viii. 28 After we dumped our duffel in our assigned rooms, we assembled in a small wooden building. 4. Short for duffel bag n. at Compounds 2.Quot. 1930 may be an example of sense A. 3. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > equipment > receptacle or container > bag > [noun] > for personal belongings > cylindrical duffel bag1768 valise1833 duffel1930 1930 Auk 47 537 I ran..to where my duffle lay, dug a gun from the bottom of the bag, and returned. 1942 Penguin New Writing 15 17 All that stuff, and my duffle full of gear and my overcoat and everything. 1976 Billings (Montana) Sunday Gaz. 27 June 4 g/2 (advt.) A complete line of attractively styled, rugged luggage and duffels for the traveler who likes to go light. 2003 Mountain, Trek & Trav. Catal. (Ellis Brigham) Autumn–Winter 107/2 A duffle with a clean design, perfect for lugging kit around by public transport. B. adj. (attributive). Made from or consisting of duffel (sense A. 1). See also duffel coat n. ΚΠ 1699 J. Dickinson Gods Protecting Provid. 94 He gave each of them a Duffel Blankett. 1732 S.-Carolina Gaz. 21 Oct. 3/2 He had on when he went away a blue Duffils Jacket. 1759 G. Washington Writings (1889) II. 138 Light duffil Cloak with silver frogs. 1791 ‘T. Newte’ Prospects & Observ. Tour 246 Duffle great coats. 1856 H. Mayhew Upper Rhine 260 A long grey great-coat like a duffle dressing-gown. 1863 E. C. Gaskell Sylvia's Lovers I. ii. 20 She was going..to buy a bran new duffle cloak all for herself. 1907 M. Blair Paisley Thread Industry x. 109 They were all clad in grey duffel cloaks with hoods which obscured their faces. 1970 J. L. Briggs Never in Anger v. 191 He..was well dressed in a worn duffel parka and fairly new store clothes. 2010 N. Shukla Coconut Unlimited v. 135 I was wearing my navy blue duffle raincoat from school cos it was cold outside. Compounds C1. Instrumental, as duffel-clad, †duffel-dressed adjs. ΚΠ 1782 J. Trumbull MʽFingal (new ed.) iii. 56 Call'd forth each duffil-dress'd curmudgeon. 1844 Morning Post 5 Oct. 3/3 The Cumberland Pacquet designates the Manx people as ‘drone-like, duffle-clad puffins’. 1901 R. Kipling Kim xiii. 330 The sallow, greasy, duffle-clad people. 1999 J. Norbu Mandala of Sherlock Holmes 119 Rude stone huts inhabited by sallow, greasy, duffle-clad mountaineers and their equally greasy sheep. C2. duffel bag n. †(a) a bag made of duffel (obsolete); (b) (originally U.S.) a cylindrical bag, made of canvas or other stout material, for carrying personal belongings (cf. sense A. 3); a kitbag. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > equipment > receptacle or container > bag > [noun] > for personal belongings > cylindrical duffel bag1768 valise1833 duffel1930 1768 Public Advertiser 25 Feb. (advt.) An old green Duffil Bag. 1875 Graphic 15 May 402/1 When a party pitches a tent for sleeping they envelope themselves..in a duffel bag, and button up from head to foot. 1903 Washington Post 24 May g7/7 The kettle holds everything else, and in turn fits into a canvas bag. This allows of packing the cooking outfit in the duffle bag with no danger of blacking up other things. 1939 A. Keith Land below Wind xx. 312 There were our two brief-cases..and the duffle bag. 1961 L. van der Post Heart of Hunter i. vii. 114 In the end the suitcase and duffle bag we had given Dabé were nearly bursting with presents. 2006 Hi Life Issue 5. 54 Made from denier polyamide and with full-grain cowhide leather accents and chrome finishing, this Samsonite duffel bag is the perfect travel companion for the business traveller. duffel cloth n. = sense A. 1. ΚΠ 1787 W. Combe Anderson's Hist. Origin Commerce (rev. ed.) III. 173 Three ships..carrying..coarse duffle cloth or blanketing. 1865 Once a Week 11 Nov. 580/1 The green frock and mantle of fine duffle cloth for winter Sundays and festivals. 2002 T. Morantz White Man's gonna Getcha i. 23 The pelts that were furnished to obtain iron axes, copper kettles, and duffle cloth required an exhausting expenditure of human energy. duffel jacket n. = duffel coat n. ΚΠ 1732 S.-Carolina Gaz. 21 Oct. 3/2 He had on when he went away a blue Duffils Jacket. 1799 E. Meeke Harcourt I. xv. 297 The door was opened by a footboy in a livery (if a duffel jacket, ornamented with a dark blue collar and cuffs, deserved the appellation). 1851 H. Ward Jasper Lyle i. 16 Frankfort laughed, and took some sticks of tobacco from the vast pockets of his duffle jacket. 1917 E. D. Hubbard Moffats vi. 93 Robert had exactly two substantial shirts left, and one of them he gave to Afrikaner, who donned in addition a pair of leather trousers, a time-worn duffel jacket and an old hat of nondescript hue. 1948 Times 7 Oct. 1/2 (advt.) Duffel Jackets, off white, 50s. 2013 M. M. Campbell Konkretion 113 Monique pulled up her knees under her duffle jacket in the icy spring morning. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2016; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.adj.1649
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