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单词 duende
释义

duenden.

Brit. /dʊˈɛndeɪ/, U.S. /duˈɛndeɪ/, /ˈdwɛndeɪ/
Forms:

α. 1600s– duende, 1900s duendies (plural), 1900s– duhende (Caribbean), 1900s– duwende (Philippine English), 1900s– dwende (Philippine English), 1900s– dwendi (Caribbean).

β. 1900s– duenne (Caribbean), 1900s– dwenn (Caribbean).

Origin: Of multiple origins. Partly a borrowing from French. Partly a borrowing from Spanish. Etymons: French duende; Spanish duende.
Etymology: In early use (i) < French duende (1690 in the passage translated in quot. 1692, or earlier); subsequently < its etymon (ii) Spanish duende supernatural being or spirit (1490 with reference to ancient Roman household gods, beginning of the 17th cent. in more general sense; 1221 in sense ‘master’), (originally regional: Andalusia) passion or inspiration in performance (1933 or earlier), shortened < duen de casa master of the house (see below). In uses with reference to Portugal after Portuguese duende (1713; probably < Spanish).Spanish duen de casa is first attested in the mid 15th cent.; it is formed < duen , variant (before a complement) of dueño master (end of the 12th cent.; ultimately < classical Latin dominus lord: see domine n.) + de of + casa house (see casa n.3); other uses of duen de ‘master of’ followed by a noun denoting a building or place are attested from the late 12th cent. onwards. In forms duwende and dwende via Tagalog duwende, dwende. Compare the following earlier use as the proper name of a demon, in an English linguistic context:1622 J. Mabbe in tr. M. Alemán Rogue i. 106 (note) Duende, is one of the spirits that fell with Lucifer.
1. In the folklore of Spain, Portugal, Latin America, and the Philippines: a supernatural being or spirit, typically short in stature and resembling a pixie or imp.Duendes are variously regarded or portrayed as being benevolent, mischievous, or malevolent creatures.
ΘΚΠ
the world > the supernatural > supernatural being > [noun]
ghostOE
spiritc1350
minda1398
sprite?1440
intelligencea1456
esperite1477
intelligency1582
genio1590
geniusa1592
ethereal1610
spirituality1628
supernatural1660
jynx1662
duende1691
atua1769
nat1819
demon1822
Wandjina1938
the world > the supernatural > supernatural being > fairy or elf > [noun] > pixie
pixie1542
duende1691
the world > the supernatural > supernatural being > fairy or elf > [noun] > imp, goblin, or hobgoblin
thursec725
puckOE
puckleOE
goblina1350
hurlewaynes kin1399
Hoba1500
bogle?1507
chimera?1521
hobgoblin1530
chyppynutie?1553
bearbug1560
boggard1570
bugbear?c1570
empusa1572
puckerelc1580
puck bug1582
imp1584
urchin1584
fear-babea1586
hob-thrush1590
hodge-poker1598
lar1598
poker1598
bogle-bo1603
mormo1605
foliot1621
mormolukee1624
buggle-boo1625
pug1631
black man1656
feind1659
Tom Poker1673
duende1691
boodie?a1700
worricow1711
bolly1724
Tom Po1744
fleying1811
pooka1824
booger1827
alp1828
boll1847
bogy1857
beastie1867
boogie1880
shag boy1882
1691 tr. M.-C. d'Aulnoy Ingenious Lett.: Trav. Spain ii. 42 The Master of the Inn..told us, in going along with us, that the Duende [Fr. le Duende], which is to say, the Spirit, could not endure Company.
1692 T. Brown tr. M.-C. d'Aulnoy Mem. Court Spain i. 49 It was commonly said at Court that there was a Duende [Fr. un Duende] in the Palace..that acquainted the Queen with all the news, and secret designs.
1807 R. Southey Lett. from Eng. III. liv. 36 A diminutive race of beings..whom they call fairies, and who in many things..seem to resemble our Duendes.
1830 R. L. Vowell Campaigns & Cruises III. 343 The belief in duendes, or fairies, is very prevalent throughout South America.
1922 Lit. Digest 18 Feb. 46/3 The duende is a pigmy thief, with one eye in the middle of his forehead.
2009 Fortean Times Sept. 24/1 The duende or dwendi [of Central America] are said to be short, hairy, goblinesque entities.
2. Passion or inspiration in (esp. artistic or musical) performance, esp. that which is regarded as having the power to possess the performer and is of such a level or quality as to captivate and move an audience.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > emotion > excitement > inspiration > [noun]
onesprutea1400
exaltationa1513
raisedness1645
inspiration1651
exaltedness1816
duende1956
society > leisure > the arts > literature > poetry > [noun] > poetic inspiration
muse?a1425
caballine fountain1430
Helicona1529
Castalia1591
enthusiasm1593
fire1656
duende1956
1956 Times Lit. Suppl. 2 Nov. 650/2 [Lorca's] strength..lay principally in his possession of the traditional duende, or magic.
1967 J. McCormick & M. S. Mascareñas Compl. Aficionado v. 167 According to good Mexican and Spanish aficionados, Manolete and Belmonte possessed both angel and duende.
1996 Independent 13 Feb. 16/4 Antonio radiated ‘duende’, that stage magnetism that smacks you in the face even at the back of the stalls.
2004 JazzTimes Apr. 69 Duende also exists in jazz... Like when you hear a saxophonist play with a lot of swing, lots of feeling—that is also duende.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2016; most recently modified version published online March 2022).
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