Dutchadj.n.¹adv.

Brit.

/dʌtʃ/, U.S.

/dətʃ/

Forms: Also (Middle English duchyssche, Middle English duysshe), Middle English–1600s duch(e, 1500s dou(t)che, dowche, duitch, dutche.

Etymology: < Middle Dutch dutsch, duutsch, duutsc, ‘Hollandish, or, in a wider sense, Netherlandish, and even German’ (Verdam), in early modern Dutch duytsch, now duitsch, ‘German’, = German deutsch, Middle High German diutsch, ‘German’, Old High German diutisc, popular, vulgar. Old High German diutisc , Old Saxon thiudisc , Old English þéodisc , Gothic *þiudisks < Old Germanic *þeudisko-z , meant ‘popular, national’, < Old Germanic *þeudâ- , Gothic þiuda , Old Norse þjóð , Old Saxon thioda , thiod , Old English þéod (Middle English thede n.), Old High German diota, diot, people, nation. In Germany, the adjective was used (in the 9th cent.) as a rendering of Latin vulgaris, to distinguish the ‘vulgar tongue’ from the Latin of the church and the learned; hence it gradually came to be the current denomination of the vernacular, applicable alike to any particular dialect, and generically to German as a whole. From the language, it was naturally extended to those who spoke it (compare English), and thus grew to be an ethnic or national adjective; whence also, in the 12th or 13th centuries, arose the name of the country, Diutisklant, now Deutschland, = Germany. In the 15th and 16th centuries ‘Dutch’ was used in England in the general sense in which we now use ‘German’, and in this sense it included the language and people of the Netherlands as part of the ‘Low Dutch’ or Low German domain. After the United Provinces became an independent state, using the ‘Nederduytsch’ or Low German of Holland as the national language, the term ‘Dutch’ was gradually restricted in England to the Netherlanders, as being the particular division of the ‘Dutch’ or Germans with whom the English came in contact in the 17th cent.; while in Holland itself duitsch, and in Germany deutsch, are, in their ordinary use, restricted to the language and dialects of Germany and of adjacent regions, exclusive of the Netherlands and Friesland; though in a wider sense ‘deutsch’ includes these also, and may even be used as widely as ‘Germanic’. Thus the English use of Dutch has diverged from the German and Netherlandish use since 1600.

A. adj.

†1. Of or relating to the people of Germany; German. Obsolete except as a historical archaism, and in some parts of U.S.: see B. 1 and Dutchman n.Cf. High Dutch adj., Low Dutch adj. 1.

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the mind > language > languages of the world > Indo-Hittite > [adjective] > Indo-European > Germanic > German

Dutch1480

German1536

Germanish1548

Germanical1577

1480 W. Caxton Chron. Eng. ccxli. 266 Lordes and knyȝtes of hir countre of beme and of other duche tonges.

a1500 (a1460) Towneley Plays (1994) I. xxx. 411 A horne and a Duch ax, His slefe must be flekyt.

1530 J. Palsgrave Lesclarcissement 31 In propre names commyng out of the Greke or doutche tong.

1563 J. Shute First Groundes Archit. sig. Aiii French and dowche writers.

1570 P. Levens Manipulus Vocabulorum sig. Qii/1 Dutche, teutonicus.

1599 J. Minsheu Percyvall's Dict. Spanish & Eng. Gente Alemána, the high Dutch people, the high Germans.

1601 R. Johnson tr. G. Botero Trauellers Breuiat 79 When the Dutch Knightes were Lords of the countrie [sc. Poland].

1611 T. Coryate Crudities sig. Ee8^v The Dutch word Zurich signifieth two Kingdomes.

1788 M. Cutler Jrnl. 7 Aug. in W. P. Cutler & J. P. Cutler Life, Jrnls. & Corr. M. Cutler (1888) I. 404 We baited our horses..at the first house, a Dutch cabin [in Pennsylvania].

1884 Sat. Rev. 14 June 785/2 The High-Dutch practice of ennobling every substantive with a capital.

a. Of, relating to, or characterizing the ‘Low Dutch’ people of Holland and the Netherlands. Dutch school, a school of painters and style of painting which attained its highest development in the Netherlands, in which commonplace subjects, chosen from ordinary or low life, received consummate artistic treatment.

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1568 (title) Propositions or Articles drawn out of Holy Scripture, showing the Cause of continuall Variance in the Duch Church in London.]

1606 T. Dekker Seuen Deadly Sinnes London v. sig. E4^v The short waste hangs ouer a Dutch Botchers stall in Vtrich.

1611 T. Middleton & T. Dekker Roaring Girle sig. E^v You'le haue the great Dutch slop.

1617 J. Minsheu Ἡγεμὼν είς τὰς γλῶσσας: Ductor in Linguas at Duchman The Duch nation aboue all other haue had the glorie and fame..for their valour in warre..fortunate battels both by land and sea.

1742 A. Pope New Dunciad 192 Each fierce Logician..dash'd thro' thin and thick, On German Crouzaz, and Dutch Burgersdyck.

1821 W. Scott Pirate II. xiii. 306 Brenda..ran from her like a Spanish merchant-man from a Dutch caper.

1836 J. Murray Hand-bk. for Travellers on Continent 15 The collections of pictures of the Dutch school.

1842 Ld. Tennyson Gardener's Daughter in Poems (new ed.) II. 28 A Dutch love For tulips.

b. South African. Of, relating to, or designating South Africans of Dutch descent; (in later use also occasionally) = Afrikaans adj.

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the world > people > nations > native or inhabitant of Africa > native or inhabitant of Southern Africa > [adjective] > Afrikaner

Dutch1731

Afrikander1822

Afrikaans1914

Afrikaner1930

1731 G. Medley tr. P. Kolb Present State Cape Good-Hope I. v. 58 The Terror of the Dutch Arms was spread through all the Nations about the Cape.

1791 G. Carter Narr. Loss Grosvenor xvii. 50 They had got out of the country of the Caffrees, and had reached the northermost of the Dutch settlements.

1852 C. Barter Dorp & Veld vi. 52 Dutch families on their way to Maritzburg for the half-yearly ‘Nacht maal’ or sacrament.

1871 J. Mackenzie Ten Years North of Orange River i. 18 The ‘Nachtmaal’, or celebration of the Lord's Supper, by the Dutch Church, takes place several times in a year.

1954 D. D'Ewes Mydorp xii. 70 He attended the Dutch Reformed Church regularly every Sunday.

1970 Cape Times 28 Oct. 1/5 He had never had much hope in the liberal movement there, but had contacts with Dutch Reformed Church ministers and had never found them completely impervious to suggestion.

a. Of or belonging to the Dutch; native to, or coming from, Holland; first used, introduced, invented, or made by the Dutch.

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1592 T. Nashe Pierce Penilesse (Brit. Libr. copy) sig. E ^v As hoarie as Dutch-butter.

1668 A. Wood Life & Times (1892) II. 131 A. W. did transcribe on Dutch paper.

1681 Arraignm.,Tryal & Condemnation S. Colledge 36 There was an Original drawn with a Pencil, upon Dutch Paper.

1695 W. Congreve Love for Love iv. i. 75 Dreams and Dutch Almanacks are to be understood by contraries.

1698 London Gaz. No. 3358/4 5 Cane Chairs, 3 Dutch Chairs.

1841 C. Dickens Old Curiosity Shop i. x. 141 Late as the Dutch clock showed it to be.

1881 New Sydenham Soc. Lexicon Camphor, Dutch. Japan camphor is so called because it was introduced into commerce by the Dutch.

b. In names of trees and plants, of species or varieties introduced from Holland, or common in that country; or sometimes merely to distinguish them from the common English variety or species; e.g. Dutch agrimony, beech, clover, elm, honeysuckle, medlar, myrtle, violet, willow, etc.: see these words. † Dutch mezereon n. Obsolete = mezereon n. Dutch mice n. Carmele, Lathyrus tuberosus. Dutch rush n. a species of Equisetum or horsetail used for polishing; shave-grass.

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the world > plants > particular plants > plants and herbs > according to family > leguminous plants > [noun] > clover or trefoil

white clovereOE

cloverc1000

hare-foota1300

clerewort?a1400

clover-grassa1400

three-leaved grass14..

trefoilc1400

sucklingc1440

four-leaved grassc1450

trefle1510

Trifolium?1541

trinity grass1545

Dutch1548

lote1548

hare's-foot1562

lotus1562

triple grass1562

blain-grass1570

meadow trefoil1578

purple grass1597

purplewort1597

satin flower1597

cithyse1620

true-love grass?a1629

garden balsam1633

hop-clover1679

Burgundian hay1712

strawberry trefoil1731

honeysuckle trefoil1735

red clover1764

buffalo-clover1767

marl-grass1776

purple trefoil1785

white trefoil1785

yellow trefoil1785

sulla1787

cow-grass1789

strawberry-bearing trefoil1796

zigzag trefoil1796

rabbit's foot1817

lotus grass1820

strawberry-headed trefoil1822

mountain liquorice1836

hop-trefoil1855

clustered clover1858

alsike1881

mountain clover1882

knop1897

Swedish clover1908

sub clover1920

four-leaf clover1927

suckle-

the world > plants > particular plants > trees and shrubs > tree or shrub groups > daphnes > [noun]

laureolec1386

Daphnec1430

mezereona1500

laurel1548

daffadowndilly1591

Dutch mezereon1597

herb terrible1597

spurge laurel1597

widow wail1597

rock rose1629

spurge olive1668

spurge flax1678

wood laurel1728

mezereum1754

Daphnad1847

spurge Daphne1872

1548 W. Turner Names of Herbes sig. A.vj^v Albucum..groweth in gardines in Anwerp, it maye be named in englishe whyte affodil, or duche daffodil.

1597 J. Gerard Herball iii. 1216 Apothecaries of our countrie name it Mezereon, but we had rather call it Chamelæa Germanica: in English Dutch Mezereon.

1640 J. Parkinson Theatrum Botanicum 1156 Sweet Dutch grasse with a tufted head.

1664 J. Evelyn Kalendarium Hortense 63 in Sylva March..Flowers in Prime..Dutch Mezereon.

1725 R. Bradley Chomel's Dictionaire Œconomique at Rose-tree The best Season in England to plant Dutch Roses.

1731–45 P. Miller Gardener's Kal. 79 Imperial, Cos and Brown Dutch Lettuces.

1731–45 P. Miller Gardener's Kal. 79 The large-rooted Dutch Parsley.

1836 J. C. Loudon Encycl. Plants (rev. ed.) 208 (note) Ulmus suberosa, often called the Dutch Elm.

1836 J. C. Loudon Encycl. Plants (rev. ed.) 891 (note) Equisetum hyemale is imported from Holland under the name of Dutch rushes.

1849 W. B. Carpenter Veg. Physiol. (new ed.) §757 Minute particles of silex or flinty substance, whose presence renders one species,..the ‘Dutch Rush’, valued for its use in polishing furniture and pewter utensils.

1860 Gardeners' Chron. 774/2 Lathyrus tuberosus..is occasionally cultivated under the name of Dutch Mice.

1888 G. S. Boulger Familiar Trees 2nd Ser. 142 The Dutch Elm..was introduced by William III. for clipped hedges, on account of its rapid growth.

B. n.¹ [Elliptical uses of the adjective.]

1. The German language, in any of its forms. Obsolete except in High Dutch n. 1a; Low Dutch n. 1 Pennsylvania Dutch, a degraded form of High German (originally from the Rhine Palatinate and Switzerland) spoken by the descendants of the original German settlers in Pennsylvania.

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the mind > language > languages of the world > Indo-Hittite > [noun] > Indo-European > Germanic > German

Dutchc1380

German1594

Teutonic1631

Kraut1938

the mind > language > languages of the world > Indo-Hittite > [noun] > Indo-European > Germanic > German > Low German

Dutchc1380

Low Dutch1567

Plattdeutsch1677

Low German1736

Platt1814

c1380 J. Wyclif Sel. Wks. III. 100 Wheþer it be..wryten in Latin in Englyssche or in Frensche or Duchyssche [v.r. Duche].

1485 W. Caxton in Malory's Morte Darthur Pref. sig. ij^v Bookes..as wel in duche ytalyen spaynysshe and grekysshe as in frensshe.

1548 W. Turner (title) sig. A.i The names of herbes in Greke, Latin, Englishe, Duche & Frenche.

a1549 A. Borde Fyrst Bk. Introd. Knowl. (1870) 163 In Denmark..theyr speche is Douche.

1578 H. Lyte tr. R. Dodoens Niewe Herball v. xxxi. 590 Called..in high Douche, Melaunen: in base Almaigne, Meloenen: in Englishe, Melons.

1654 Trag. Alphonsus ii. 18 Good Aunt teach me so much Dutch to ask her pardon. Empress. Say so: Gnediges frawlin vergebet mirs [etc.].

1720 D. Defoe Mem. Cavalier 64 I spoke high Dutch.

1757 tr. J. G. Keyssler Trav. IV. 150 A chronicle of Nurenberg, in high Dutch, written in the year 1585.

a. The language of Holland or the Netherlands.

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the mind > language > languages of the world > Indo-Hittite > [noun] > Indo-European > Germanic > Dutch

Dutcha1706

Netherlandish1830

High Dutch1880

High Dutch1901

Nederlands1926

1647 H. Hexham (title) A copious English and Netherduytch dictionarie.]

a1706 Earl of Dorset in Poets Great Brit. (1793) VI. 509/2 Thy plays are such, I'd swear they were translated out of Dutch.

1871 J. Earle Philol. Eng. Tongue viii. 397 The pronoun of the second person singular is lost in Dutch.

1872 R. Morris Hist. Outl. Eng. Accidence §9 To the Low German division belong the following languages:—(1) Gothic..(2) Frisian..(3) Dutch..(4) Flemish..(5) Old Saxon..(6) English.

b. double Dutch: a language that one does not understand, gibberish.

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the mind > mental capacity > intelligibility > absence of meaning > nonsense, rubbish > unintelligible language, gibberish > [noun]

jargon1340

gibberishc1557

fustiana1593

hibber-gibber1593

rabble?1593

gabbling1599

rantum-scantum1599

ribble-rabble1601

gabble1602

High Dutch1602

Greek1603

baragouin1614

galimatias1653

riddle-me-ree1678

clink-clank1679

Hebrew1705

alieniloquy1727

jabber1735

mumbo-jumbo1738

gibbering1786

rigmarole1809

gibber1832

rigmarolery1833

Babelism1834

jargoning1837

barrikin1851

abracadabra1867

double Dutch1876

jabberwock1902

jabberwocky1908

jibber-jabber1922

mumbo-jumbery1923

mumbo1931

double-talk1938

garbology1944

1876 C. H. Wall tr. Molière Lovers' Quarrels ii. vii, in Dramat. Wks. I. 116 Though I have said them [sc. prayers] daily now these fifty years, they are still double Dutch to me.

1879 C. H. Spurgeon Serm. XXV. 297 The preacher preaches double Dutch or Greek, or something of the sort.

c. South African. = South African Dutch n. 1, Cape Dutch n. (b) at cape n.³ Compounds 1b. Cf. Afrikaans n. Now historical.

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the mind > language > languages of the world > Indo-Hittite > [noun] > Indo-European > Germanic > Dutch > Afrikaans

Dutch1731

Cape Dutch1826

South African Dutch1871

kitchen Dutch1880

Afrikaans1885

Afrikander1886

taal1896

1731 G. Medley tr. P. Kolb Present State Cape Good-Hope I. iii. 26 The People far up the Country, on the Appearance of Strangers, are us'd to say in Dutch, wat Volk, i.e. What People?

1798 A. Barnard Jrnl. 11 May in A. W. C. Lindsay Lives of Lindsays (1849) III. 437 I doubt much if my whole stock of Dutch amounts to two dozen of words.

1849 N. J. Merriman Kafir, Hottentot & Frontier Farmer (1854) 51 He knew Dutch well, and between the three tongues we contrived to make ourselves intelligible.

1936 F. R. Thompson Matabele Thompson i. 25 I..became proficient in Dutch, and in the various native languages that I came across.

d. High Dutch (South African) [translating Afrikaans Hooghollands] , Netherlands (literary) Dutch as distinguished from Cape Dutch or Afrikaans.

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the mind > language > languages of the world > Indo-Hittite > [noun] > Indo-European > Germanic > Dutch

Dutcha1706

Netherlandish1830

High Dutch1880

High Dutch1901

Nederlands1926

1901 W. S. Logeman & J. F. van Oordt How to speak Dutch (ed. 3) i. 31 The main points of difference between so-called ‘High Dutch’ and Cape-Dutch phonetics and spelling may be enumerated as follows.

1911 H. H. Fyfe S. Afr. To-day viii. 96 High Dutch..is not the language of the Dutch people in South Africa..the ‘taal’..is the common speech.

1936 T. J. Haarhoff & C. M. van den Heever Achievem. of Afrikaans i. 13 While we tried to write in High Dutch our thoughts were cast in rigid moulds;..and the result was often secondhand rhetoric.

1958 L. van der Post Lost World of Kalahari iii. 60 In High Dutch I wrote: ‘I have decided to-day.’

3. the Dutch (with plural agreement).

†a. The Germans. Obsolete.

b. The people of Holland and the Netherlands; formerly called also Low Dutch n. 2. (†Rare plural Dutches.) U.S. in later use.

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the world > people > nations > native or inhabitant of Europe > native or inhabitant of the Low Countries > [noun] > the Dutch

Low Dutchman1576

the Dutch1577

Low Dutch1592

Flounderkina1668

Batavian1876

1577 G. Whetstone Remembraunce Gaskoigne sig. A.iij Wel plaste at length, among the drunken Dutch [margin He served in Holland].

1603 R. Johnson tr. G. Botero Hist. Descr. Worlde 257 He is serued by the Swizzers and the Dutch.

1603 R. Johnson tr. G. Botero Hist. Descr. Worlde 155 Of mercenary soldiers..he had 4300. Polonians: of chirchasses (that are vnder the Polonians) aboute 4000. Dutches and Scottes aboute 150.

1631 T. Powell Tom of All Trades (1876) 164 When our acquaintance tooke first life with those of the Low Countries..the Dutch..askt him [our Embassador] what handicraft our King was brought up unto.

1648 H. Hexham Groot Woorden-boeck Having of late compiled a large English and Netherdutch Dictionarie..for the accommodation of the Nether-dutches, who are desirous to attaine unto the knowledge..of our English Tongue.

1667 J. Dryden Annus Mirabilis 1666 clxvii. 43 The toils of war we must endure, And, from th'Injurious Dutch redeem the Seas.

1777 R. Watson Hist. Reign Philip II II. xvi. 100 The success of Philip's arms..excited in the Dutch and Flemings the most alarming apprehensions.

c1826 G. Canning in Lyra Elegantiarum (1867) 148 In matters of commerce, the fault of the Dutch Is giving too little and asking too much.

1831 J. Sinclair Corr. II. 180 The Dutch are distinguished by a great desire for cleanliness.

1845 in C. Cist Cincinnati Misc. 198 Shall we infer from the above that the Indians and Germans have one common origin? If so, the Dutch are the real natives.

c. to beat the Dutch, to do something extraordinary or startling. that beats the Dutch, that beats everything. U.S. colloquial.

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the mind > mental capacity > expectation > feeling of wonder, astonishment > quality of inspiring wonder > be a matter of wonder [verb (intransitive)]

musea1500

to beggar description, comparea1616

to beat the Dutch1775

to beat all1839

1775 Revolut. Song in New-Eng. Hist. & Geneal. Reg. (1857) XI. 191 Our cargoes of meat, drink, and cloaths beat the Dutch.

1906 M. E. Freeman By Light of Soul xx. 277 Well, you women do beat the Dutch.

1939 Amer. Speech 14 267 If it is startling news, it ‘beats the Jews’ or ‘beats the Dutch’.

d. South African. = South African Dutch n. 2. In later use: = Afrikaner n. 2. Now historical.

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the world > people > nations > native or inhabitant of Africa > native or inhabitant of Southern Africa > [noun] > Afrikaner > collectively

the Dutch1731

Boerdom1858

South African Dutch1877

volk1880

Amabhunu1883

Afrikanerdom1900

1731 G. Medley tr. P. Kolb Present State Cape Good-Hope I. v. 57 There are at this Time the strictest Alliance and the closest Friendship subsisting between the Dutch and the several Hottentot Nations.

1776 F. Masson in Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 305 There is another species of animal called by the Dutch Bles-moll.

1850 J. W. Appleyard Kafir Lang. 10/2 The Dutch language as generally spoken..by the Dutch themselves in the country districts, is very different from the Dutch as used in Holland.

1897 J. Bryce Impressions S. Afr. 76 The second native race was that which the Dutch called Hottentot.

1941 C. W. De Kiewiet Hist. S. Afr. 23 The Dutch were not the first trekkers in South Africa...The Bantu..were the country's original trekkers.

1963 A. Delius Day Natal Took Off 4 We finally got used to calling the Dutch Afrikaners, and even learning a few words in the Taal ourselves.

1976 A. R. Willcox Southern Land 156 They could use certain areas for grazing only seasonally. These were termed by the Dutch Zuurveld.

4. Slang phrases (originally U.S.): (a) in Dutch, in disfavour, disgrace, or trouble; (b) to do a (or the) Dutch (act), to desert, escape, run away; also, to commit suicide.

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1902 H. Hapgood Autobiogr. Thief in Frank Leslie's Pop. Monthly Sept. 459/1 A week later Dal was found dead in his cell, and I believe he did the Dutch act. [Note] Committed suicide.

1909 J. R. Ware Passing Eng. Victorian Era 120/2 We did a dutch with everything—even down to the coalhammer.

1912 A. H. Lewis Apaches N.Y. iv. 70 I don't want to put you in Dutch with your fleet.

1948 M. Allingham More Work for Undertaker xxv. 286 He'll be in dutch if there's nothing to show at the end of it.

1953 P. Frankau Winged Horse ii. iv. 134 Maybe Baron'll fire me when he knows I'm in Dutch with his family.

1958 M. A. de Ford in J. Macdonald Lethal Sex (1962) 115 You can't face it..so you're doing the Dutch and leaving a confession.

1959 ‘E. Fenwick’ Long Way Down xx. 155 Scare the poor kid to death, probably—and get her in dutch with her people, too.

1965 ‘R. L. Pike’ Police Blotter (1966) ii. 37 The day Caper Connelly does the dutch, my guess is it'll be against somebody else.

1968 J. Dos Passos Best Times ii. 69 While I plodded around..trying to explain my position and getting myself deeper in Dutch every time I opened my face, I saw marvellous scenes.

C. adv.

†1. In Dutch (or German) fashion. Obsolete.

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1601 J. Marston et al. Iacke Drums Entertainm. ii. sg. D4^v Drinke Duch like gallants, lets drinke vpsey freeze.

2. With each person paying for his own food, drink, etc.; esp. in to go Dutch (cf. Dutch lunch, etc., under Compounds 2 above). Originally U.S.

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society > trade and finance > payment > contribution > contribute [verb (intransitive)] > each pay his share

to go Dutch1914

1914 S. Lewis Our Mr. Wrenn v. 63 We'll go Dutch.

1957 Economist 5 Oct. 14/1 To suggest a free trade area to any of them in such circumstances looks rather like proposing to a teetotaller that you and he go dutch on daily rounds of drinks.

1962 Economist 29 Sept. 1213/3 There is ‘Dutch auction’, ‘Dutch uncle’, to eat out ‘Dutch’ with one's friends, and many more.

Compounds

C1. Often distinguishing a particular sort of article, originally made in or imported from Holland.

Dutch brick n.

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1657 R. Ligon True Hist. Barbados Index 84 Dutch Bricks, which they call Klinkers.

1890 A. Rimmer Summer Rambles Manch. 35 Red ‘Dutch’ bricks in ‘Flemish bond’.

Dutch case n.

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1874 E. H. Knight Pract. Dict. Mech. Dutch-case (Mining), a shaft-frame composed of four pieces of plank, used in shafts and galleries.

Dutch cheese n.

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1700 S. L. tr. C. Frick Relation Voy. in tr. C. Frick & C. Schweitzer Relation Two Voy. E.-Indies 7 5 Dutch Cheeses.

1858 P. L. Simmonds Dict. Trade Products Dutch-cheese, a small round cheese made on the Continent from skim milk.

Dutch clinker n.

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1856 S. C. Brees Terms & Rules Archit. Dutch clinkers, a description of brick employed for paving stables and yards, being exceedingly hard.

Dutch liquid n.

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1844 G. Fownes Man. Elem. Chem. 393 Pure Dutch-liquid is a thin, colourless fluid, of agreeably fragrant odour, and sweet taste.

1851 Official Descriptive & Illustr. Catal. Great Exhib. I. 191 Dutch liquid, chloride of olefiant gas, a new anæsthetic agent, said to be less irritating than chloroform.

1877 H. Watts Fownes's Man. Elem. Chem. (ed. 12) II. 69 Dutch liquid having been discovered by four Dutch chemists in 1795.

Dutch barn n. see quots.

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the world > food and drink > farming > cultivation or tillage > cultivation of plants or crops > storage or preservation of crops > [noun] > barn > types of

tithe barn1543

tithing barn1659

corn-house1699

Dutch barn1742

staddle barn1794

bank barn1804

staddle granary1816

Pennsylvania barn1823

grain-barn1844

1742 W. Ellis Mod. Husbandman June x. 99 In order to enjoy his Hay finer than his Neighbours, he built him a Dutch Barn, in 1738.

1886 W. A. Harris Techn. Dict. Fire Insurance Dutch barn, a protection for hay, straw, &c., having the supports and framework of a barn, without the side and end boarding.

Dutch cap n. (a) a woman's cap of lace or muslin with a triangular piece rolled back at each side; (b) a type of contraceptive pessary; = diaphragm n. 2b.

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the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > types or styles of clothing > headgear > [noun] > cap > types of > made from specific material > other

lettice cap1544

jack-cap1694

paper cap?1697

Dutch cap1726

napkin-cap1735

shell-cap1794

raccoon cap1840

the world > physical sensation > sexual relations > contraception or birth control > [noun] > a contraceptive > placed in the vagina or uterus

pessary1886

cap1916

Dutch cap1922

coil1931

diaphragm1933

Margulies spiral1962

Lippes loop1964

loop1965

1726 Mrs. Johnson Let. Oct. in E. Hamilton Mordaunts (1965) vii. 145 Misses coat fitts her very well, the Dutch cap Miss Mordaunt is not at all reconciled to but will wear it if her Cosens doe.

1857 ‘Porte Crayon’ Virginia Illustr. 68 His head..was surmounted by a tiny Dutch cap.

1922 M. Stopes in Lancet 12 Aug. 357/2 Recourse may then be had to the inverted or Dutch cap.

1943 J. H. Peel Textbk. Gynæcol. xxiii. 342 The best and most widely applicable is undoubtedly the Dutch cap pessary.

1960 C. Watson Bump in Night iv. 44 Don't ever again describe bridesmaids as wearing Dutch caps.

1962 ‘H. Lourie’ Question of Abortion iv. 34 One patient..had proved not to be pregnant…she had come back for a Dutch cap.

1967 M. Drabble Jerusalem the Golden vii. 155 Spread before her on the floor was a..dutch cap, an instruction leaflet, and various other accoutrements of contraception.

Dutch carpet n. see quots.

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1858 P. L. Simmonds Dict. Trade Products Dutch-carpet, a mixed material of cotton and wool, used for floor-coverings.

Dutch doll n. a jointed wooden doll.

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society > leisure > entertainment > toy or plaything > doll > [noun] > wooden doll

Dutch doll1797

Russian doll1910

matryoshka1948

peg doll1950

kokeshi1959

1797 A. Barnard Let. 10 July (1901) ii. 57 What they [sc. Dutch ladies] most want is shoulders and manners. I know now what is meant by a ‘Dutch doll’; their make is exactly like them.

1824 W. Scott Redgauntlet I. iii. 38 All thy motions, like those of a great Dutch doll, depending on the pressure of certain springs.

1925 W. Deeping Sorrell & Son vii. 62 Her head was as neat as the head of a Dutch doll.

Dutch door n. (see quot. 1890).

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society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabited place > a building > parts of building > window or door > types of door > [noun] > other types of door

hall-doorc1275

falling doorc1300

stable doorc1330

vice-door1354

hecka1400

lodge-doorc1400

street door1465

gate-doora1500

portal1516

backdoor1530

portal door1532

side door1535

by-door1542

outer door1548

postern door1551

house door1565

fore-door1581

way-door1597

leaf door1600

folding door1611

clap-door1625

balcony-door1635

out-door1646

anteportc1660

screen door1668

frontish-door1703

posticum1704

side entrance1724

sash-door1726

Venetian door1731

oak1780

jib-door1800

trellis?c1800

sporting door1824

ledge-door1825

through door1827

bivalves1832

swing-door1833

tradesmen's entrance1838

ledged door1851

tradesmen's door?1851

fire door1876

storm door1878

shoji1880

fire door1889

Dutch door1890

patio door1900

stable door1900

ledge(d) and brace(d) door1901

suicide door1925

louvre door1953

1890 Webster's Internat. Dict. Eng. Lang. Dutch door, a door divided into two parts, horizontally, so arranged that the lower part can be shut and fastened, while the upper part remains open.

1945 G. Nelson & H. N. Wright Tomorrow's House v. 57 The kitchen also opens into the main room by way of..a Dutch door.

Dutch drops n. see quots.

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the world > health and disease > healing > medicines or physic > other miscellaneous medicines > [noun]

pesse1464

adarces1566

marmaritin1584

apostles' salt1605

methium?1608

panther1656

lenociny1657

aroph1658

fox-lungs1660

Dutch drops1843

penicillamine1943

1843 C. Dickens Martin Chuzzlewit (1844) xxiv. 296 A bottle of Dutch Drops.

1858 P. L. Simmonds Dict. Trade Products Dutch-drops, a balsam or popular nostrum, prepared with oil of turpentine, tincture of guaiacum, nitric ether, succinic acid, and oil of cloves.

Dutch elm disease n. a fungous disease of elms, first discovered in Holland, caused by Ceratocystis ulmi.

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the world > plants > disease or injury > [noun] > type of disease > fungal > associated with trees

heart rot1808

white rot1828

sap-rot1838

red rot1847

conk1851

soft rot1886

pine blister1889

silver-leaf1890

leaf shedding1891

pine rust1893

leaf cast1894

partridge-wood1894

larch blister1895

needle-cast1895

sooty mould1901

white pine blister rust1909

larch needle cast1921

coral-spot1923

ink disease1923

pocket rot1926

wood rot1926

Dutch elm disease1927

oak wilt1942

ash dieback1957

1927 Gardeners' Chron. 19 Feb. 133/3 (heading) The Dutch Elm Disease... The disease was first observed in Holland in September, 1919.

1931 Science 30 Oct. 437/1 After the identification of the Dutch elm disease in Ohio, during the summer of 1930.

1968 New Scientist 5 Sept. 489/1 The beetles that carry Dutch elm disease are attracted to dead or dying trees for egg laying.

Dutch foil n. a very malleable alloy of 11 parts of copper and 2 of zinc, beaten into thin leaves, and used as a cheap imitation of gold-leaf.

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society > leisure > the arts > visual arts > ornamental art and craft > gilding and silvering > [noun] > gilding > gold leaf or plate > imitation

orseduec1377

clinquant1691

German gold1712

Dutch gilding1760

ormolu1765

similor1778

Dutch foil1815

Dutch gilt1825

Dutch gold1825

Dutch metal1825

mosaic gold1825

Dutch leaf-

1815 Philos. Mag. & Jrnl. 46 428 Dutch foil inflames in a mixture of two of the deep-yellow gas, and three of chlorine.

1996 W. Bucher Dict. Building Preserv. 158/1 Dutch metal,..typically manufactured as an imitation gold leaf, or to make Dutch metal powder, or Dutch foil.

Dutch garden n. see quots.

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a1772 T. Whately Observ. Mod. Gardening (1801) iv. 153 To get too, as far as can be, the advantage of natural prospects, the artificial mounts of the flat Dutch gardens should here be introduced.

1872 A. Smee My Garden 584 The chief peculiarities of a Dutch garden may be said to consist in its being seen at one glance;..in the utmost symmetry being observed in all its parts..; in its trees being clipped sometimes into curious shapes and figures..; in its having long serpentine or straight walks..; [etc.].

1899 S. R. Hole Our Gardens 277 I asked an old gardener whether he could tell me anything about Dutch Gardens, and he made answer, ‘They be bits o' beds with edgings o' box, and gravel walks, and four sloping banks forming a square outside, and they be pratty toys for children, and very snug for varmint.’

1902 H. I. Triggs Formal Gardens pl. 58 Holland House, Kensington. The Dutch Garden.

1928 L. Archer-Hind tr. M. L. Gothein Hist. Garden Art II. xiii. 218 People were misled by the term ‘Dutch garden’, as it came to be used derisively in the eighteenth century.

1928 L. Archer-Hind tr. M. L. Gothein Hist. Garden Art II. xiii. 230 The Dutch garden must be reckoned as of the French school.

Dutch gilding n. = Dutch foil n.

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society > leisure > the arts > visual arts > ornamental art and craft > gilding and silvering > [noun] > gilding > gold leaf or plate > imitation

orseduec1377

clinquant1691

German gold1712

Dutch gilding1760

ormolu1765

similor1778

Dutch foil1815

Dutch gilt1825

Dutch gold1825

Dutch metal1825

mosaic gold1825

Dutch leaf-

1760 R. Symmer in Philos. Trans. 1759 (Royal Soc.) 51 375 A piece of paper, covered on one side with Dutch gilding.

Dutch gilt n. = Dutch foil n.

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society > leisure > the arts > visual arts > ornamental art and craft > gilding and silvering > [noun] > gilding > gold leaf or plate > imitation

orseduec1377

clinquant1691

German gold1712

Dutch gilding1760

ormolu1765

similor1778

Dutch foil1815

Dutch gilt1825

Dutch gold1825

Dutch metal1825

mosaic gold1825

Dutch leaf-

1825 W. Hone Every-day Bk. (1826) I. 51 Their staple-ware has leaves of untarnished dutch-gilt stuck on.

Dutch gold n. = Dutch foil n.

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society > leisure > the arts > visual arts > ornamental art and craft > gilding and silvering > [noun] > gilding > gold leaf or plate > imitation

orseduec1377

clinquant1691

German gold1712

Dutch gilding1760

ormolu1765

similor1778

Dutch foil1815

Dutch gilt1825

Dutch gold1825

Dutch metal1825

mosaic gold1825

Dutch leaf-

1825 W. Hone Every-day Bk. (1826) I. 1170 The gingerbread stalls..were..fine, from the dutch gold on their..ware.

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Dutch hoe n. (see hoe n.² 1b).

Dutch interior n. a painting of the interior of a Dutch room or house, esp. by the Dutch painter Pieter de Hooch (1629–83); also transferred.

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1816 M. Bryan Biogr. & Crit. Dict. Painters & Engravers I. 559 His [sc. P. de Hooch's] favourite subjects were the interiors of Dutch apartments..the sun shining through a window.]

1886 M. Bryan & R. E. Graves Biogr. & Crit. Dict. Painters & Engravers I. 370/1 Dutch Interior [by P. de Hooch]; a Lady playing the lute and singing, whilst a cavalier accompanies her.

1913 E. Wharton Custom of Country i. v. 73 The hall, with..the quiet ‘Dutch interior’ effect of its black and white marble paving.

1940 ‘F. O'Connor’ (title) Dutch interior.

1966 M. Catto Bird on Wing ix. 131 The lights were dim. It made an intimate picture. Like one of those cosy Dutch interiors: the burgher at home with his wife.

1970 V. C. Clinton-Baddeley No Case for Police iii. 63 Like some picture of a ‘Dutch Interior’, the open door revealed a hall, and, beyond that, another open door... Only the traditional distant figure was lacking.

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Dutch leaf n. = Dutch foil n.

Dutch metal n. = Dutch foil n.

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society > leisure > the arts > visual arts > ornamental art and craft > gilding and silvering > [noun] > gilding > gold leaf or plate > imitation

orseduec1377

clinquant1691

German gold1712

Dutch gilding1760

ormolu1765

similor1778

Dutch foil1815

Dutch gilt1825

Dutch gold1825

Dutch metal1825

mosaic gold1825

Dutch leaf-

1825 W. Hone Every-day Bk. (1826) I. 1245 Instead of leaf gold..they were covered..with Dutch metal.

Dutch mill n. an oil mill for rape oil.

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c1865 A. Ure in J. Wylde Circle of Sci. I. 99/2 These mortars and press boxes constitute what are called Dutch mills.

Dutch nightingale n. a frog.

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the world > animals > amphibians > order Anura or Salienta (frogs and toads) > [noun] > frog

froshc1000

frouda1200

toada1300

paddockc1300

paddoc1480

hipfrog1611

croaker1651

Dutch nightingale1769

froggy?1800

fen-nightingalea1825

yellowbellyc1825

greenback1876

1769 T. Pennant Brit. Zool. (new ed.) III. iii. 5 The croaking of frogs is well known, and from that in fenny countries they are..stiled Dutch Nightingales or Boston Waites.

1812 R. Southey Omniana II. clxxxi. 33 Walton accuses the frogs of destroying them, but I cannot persuade myself to find a true bill against these poor persecuted Dutch nightingales.

a1855 W. T. Spurdens Forby's Vocab. E. Anglia (1858) III. 15 Dutch-Nightingale, a frog, from its melodious note in the spring.

Dutch oil n. Ethene dichloride, 2 (CH₂Cl), a thin oily liquid, having a sweetish smell and taste.

Dutch oven n. (a) a large pot heated by surrounding it with fuel, and placing hot coals on the lid; a cooking utensil made of sheet-metal, placed in front of a grate and heated by radiation and by reflection from the back of the chamber; (b) slang a person's mouth.

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the world > food and drink > food > food manufacture and preparation > equipment for food preparation > stove or cooker > [noun] > oven > other types of oven

broiling-iron1562

broil-iron1567

apple roaster1637

bread oven1745

pot-oven1750

Dutch oven1769

caboose1779

roaster1796

gas oven1810

kitchen1826

tandoor1840

water oven1848

ti-oven1896

roaster oven1940

1769 E. Raffald Experienced Eng. House-keeper xii. 263 Put them in a Dutch Oven to brown.

1849 C. Dickens David Copperfield (1850) xxiv. 252 I'll toast you some bacon in a bachelor's Dutch-oven that I have got here.

1922 J. Joyce Ulysses ii. xiv. [Oxen of the Sun] 405 O, cheese it! Shut his blurry Dutch oven with a firm hand.

1968 Islander (Victoria, Brit. Columbia) 11 Aug. 7/2 Other relics of trail days, which time has not completely erased, are three beehive Dutch ovens built from native stone.

Dutch pen n. see quot.

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1728 E. Chambers Cycl. at Pen Dutch Pens, are those made of Quills which have been passed thro' hot Ashes, to take off the grosser Fat and Moisture thereof.

Dutch pink n. [pink n.⁵] a yellow lake pigment; (also slang) blood.

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1759 Ann. Reg. 1758 111/1 The colouring used..is supposed to be Dutch pink, which will make bohea tee of a fine green.

1835 G. Field Chromatogr. ix. 84 Dutch Pink, English and Italian Pinks, are sufficiently absurd names of yellow colours prepared by dyeing, whitening, &c. with vegetal yellow tinctures, in the manner of rose pink, from which they borrow their name.

1854 ‘C. Bede’ Further Adventures Mr. Verdant Green (ed. 2) iv. 31 That'll take the bark from your nozzle, and distil the Dutch pink for you, won't it?

1861 A. Pratt Flowering Plants & Ferns Great Brit. I. 67 To the juices of this yellow weed [Reseda luteola] the artist owes the colour called Dutch pink.

1881 J. Bell Anal. Foods i. 22 The leaves were slightly coloured with Dutch pink to impart a bloom.

1969 R. Mayer Dict. Art Terms & Techniques 296/2 Pink... The term was also used in the past for several yellow lakes of vegetable origin, such as Dutch pink.

Dutch pins n. a form of nine-pins or skittles.

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society > leisure > sport > types of sport or game > ball game > ninepins or ten-pins > [noun]

kaylesc1325

skaylesa1566

ninepins1580

pin1580

skittles1634

kittle-pins1649

skayle-pins1656

nine pegs1675

four corners1730

Dutch pins1801

Dutch rubbers1801

long bowling1801

ten-pins1807

squails1847

ten-pin bowling1934

1801 J. Strutt Glig-gamena Angel-ðeod iii. vii. §10 Dutch-pins is a pastime much resembling skittles; but the pins are taller and slenderer, especially in the middle pin, which is higher than the rest, and called the king-pin.

1809 Sporting Mag. 34 236 A match at Dutch-pins for 100 guineas.

Dutch pump n. see quot.

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1867 W. H. Smyth & E. Belcher Sailor's Word-bk. Dutch pump, a punishment so contrived that, if the prisoner would not pump hard, he was drowned.

Dutch roll n. (a) a roll in ice-skating, executed by gliding with the feet parallel and pressing alternately on the edges of each foot; (b) Aeronautics (see quot. 1960).

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1893 Durham Univ. Jrnl. 10 103 Others have in spite of honourable endeavour been obliged to content themselves with mediocre achievement and Dutch roll.

1939 Jrnl. Royal Aeronaut. Soc. 43 795 Lateral oscillations, or ‘Dutch roll’, as they are sometimes called.

1960 Electronic Engin. 32 407 A ‘dutch roll’ is the characteristic short period lateral oscillation of an aircraft, involving yaw, roll and sideslip, which is excited either by rudder application, or a lateral gust.

Dutch rubbers n. = Dutch pins n.

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society > leisure > sport > types of sport or game > ball game > ninepins or ten-pins > [noun]

kaylesc1325

skaylesa1566

ninepins1580

pin1580

skittles1634

kittle-pins1649

skayle-pins1656

nine pegs1675

four corners1730

Dutch pins1801

Dutch rubbers1801

long bowling1801

ten-pins1807

squails1847

ten-pin bowling1934

1801 J. Strutt Glig-gamena Angel-ðeod iii. vii. §4. 238 Some call this game [long-bowling] Dutch-rubbers.

Dutch sauce n. a sauce served with fish; = Hollandaise n.

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the world > food and drink > food > additive > sauce or dressing > [noun] > sauces for fish

Dutch sauce1573

ramolade1702

fish-sauce1728

Hollandaise sauce1841

tartar sauce1855

Holland sauce1877

Marie Rose1920

meunière sauce1984

1573 C. Hollyband French Schoole-maister 124 Will you eate of a Pike with a high dutche sauce?

1893 T. F. Garrett & W. A. Rawson Encycl. Pract. Cookery II. 387/2 Dutch or Holland Sauce (à la Hollandaise).

1955 Oxf. Junior Encycl. XI. 396/2 Hollandaise (or Dutch sauce) is made entirely of butter emulsified with egg-yolks and lemon juice—a sort of butter mayonnaise served warm.

Dutch tile n. a kind of glazed tile frequently painted in colours.

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1728 E. Chambers Cycl. at Tyle Flemish or Dutch Tyles, are of two Kinds, ancient and modern.—The first were used for Chimney-foot Foot-paces... The modern Flemish Tyles are commonly used, plaister'd up in the Jaumbs of Chimneys, instead of Chimney-Corner-stones.

1753 H. Walpole Let. 12 June (1903) III. 168 A cool little hall..hung with paper to imitate Dutch tiles.

1843 C. Dickens Christmas Carol i. 23 The fire-place..paved..with quaint Dutch tiles.

1862 D. G. Rossetti Let. 9 Jan. (1965) II. 435 I have had the fireplace covered with real old blue glazed Dutch tiles.

1957 Granta 9 Mar. 19/3 He walked over the steeply pitched, loose Dutch tiles of the roofs as if he were on a dance-floor.

1968 L. O'Donnell Face of Crime i. 11 The fireplace faced with authentic Dutch tiles in the traditional pale lavender depicting scenes from the Bible.

Dutch white n. a pigment consisting of one part of white lead and three parts of barium sulphate.

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1886 H. C. Standage Artists' Man. Pigments i. 5 White lead (known also as Ceruse, Cremnitz, Dutch, Flemish, Hamburg, Venetian, or Roman White).

Dutch wife n. (see quots. and Compounds 2).

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1891 J. S. Farmer Slang II. 349 Dutch-wife, a bolster.

1965 W. Young Eros Denied xxvii. 271 We call..a masturbation machine a Dutch husband or wife.

1966 ‘G. Black’ You want to die, Johnny? vi. 114 ‘What's this great long bolster for?..’ ‘Colonial invention. For the hated Imperialists. Known as a Dutch wife.’

1967 Guardian 19 May 9/6 He will liberate man from dependence on the opposite sex by constructing what seems to be known in Japan as a ‘Dutch Wife’; a kind of life-size mechanical doll with built-in electric heating and all the other refinements.

C2. Characteristic of or attributed to the Dutch; often with an opprobrious or derisive application, largely due to the rivalry and enmity between the English and Dutch in the 17th cent.Often with allusion to the drinking habits ascribed to the ‘Dutch’; also to the broad heavy figures attributed to the Netherlanders, or to their flat-bottomed vessels. Sometimes little more than = foreign, un-English.

Dutch auction n. see auction n.

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society > trade and finance > selling > a public sale > [noun] > auction > Dutch auction

mock auction1770

rig1825

Dutch auction1859

run-out1934

1859 G. A. Sala Twice round Clock 21 The sale is conducted on the principle of what is termed a ‘Dutch auction’, purchasers not being allowed to inspect the fish in the doubles before they bid.

1872 Daily Tel. 30 Nov. (Farmer) The old Dutch auction, by which an article was put up at a high price, and, if nobody accepted the offer, then reduced to a lower, the sum first required being gradually decreased until a fair value was attained.

Dutch auctioneer n.

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1830 Virginia Lit. Museum 632 A Dutch auctioneer, whose practice is to set up his wares at the highest price, and thence bid downwards till he meets with a purchaser.

Dutch bargain n. see bargain n.¹

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1654 R. Whitlock Ζωοτομία 28 The contract..is not (like Dutch Bargains) made in Drinke.

Dutch comfort n.

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1796 Grose's Classical Dict. Vulgar Tongue (ed. 3) Dutch Comfort, thank God it is no worse.

Dutch concert n.

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society > leisure > the arts > music > performing music > a performance > [noun] > concert > types of

Philharmonic concert1740

benefit-concert1759

chamber concert1760

recital1762

Dutch concert1774

concert performance1777

philharmonica1796

musical soirée1821

sacred concert1832

soirée musicale1836

promenade concert1839

pianoforte recital1840

ballad concert1855

piano recital1855

Monday pop1862

Pop1862

promenade1864

popular1865

Schubertiad1869

recitative1873

organ recital1877

pop concert1880

smoker1887

smoke concert1888

café concert1891

prom1902

smoke-ho1918

smoking-concert1934

hootenanny1940

opry1940

Liederabend1958

1774 D. Barrington in Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 63 267 What is commonly called a Dutch concert, when several tunes are played together.

Dutch consolation n.

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1867 W. H. Smyth & E. Belcher Sailor's Word-bk. Dutch consolation. ‘Whatever ill befalls you, there's somebody that's worse’; or ‘It's very unfortunate, but thank God it's no worse’.

1888 All Year Round 9 June 542 (Farmer) The expression often heard, ‘Thank Heaven, it is no worse’, is sometimes called Dutch consolation.

Dutch courage n.

Dutch defence n.

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1749 H. Fielding Tom Jones III. ix. v. 351 I am afraid Mr. Jones maintained a Kind of Dutch Defence, and treacherously delivered up the Garrison without duly weighing his Allegiance to the fair Sophia.

Dutch feast n.

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a1684 J. Evelyn Diary anno 1682 (1955) IV. 296 I was exceedingly afraide of Drinking, (it being a Dutch feast).

1785 F. Grose Classical Dict. Vulgar Tongue Dutch feast, where the entertainer gets drunk before his guests.

Dutch gleek n.

Dutch nightingale n.

Dutch palate n.

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1687 J. Norris Coll. Misc. To Rdr. sig. a4^v Fit only for a Tavern entertainment, and that too among Readers of a Dutch palate.

Dutch reckoning n. (see quots.).

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1699 B. E. New Dict. Canting Crew Dutch-Reckoning, or Alte-mall, a verbal or Lump-account without particulars.

1724 J. Swift Let. to People of Ireland 19 A Dutch Reckoning, where if you dispute the Unreasonableness and Exorbitance of the Bill, the Landlord shall bring it up every Time with new Additions.

1814 Forgery ii. ii, in J. Galt New Brit. Theatre I. 449 Come, we'll have a Dutch reckoning to-night, for we will share the dust, or see them shopp'd [= put in prison].

1867 W. H. Smyth & E. Belcher Sailor's Word-bk. Dutch reckoning, a bad day's work, all in the wrong.

Dutch uncle (see quots.).

ΘΚΠ

the mind > attention and judgement > judgement or decision > advice > [noun] > adviser or counsellor

redesmanOE

counsellor?c1225

reder1340

guidec1385

patronc1400

counselc1405

nurse?a1425

dresserc1450

guidant1495

adviser1575

advisor1589

manuducent1615

consiliary1652

manuductor1657

Dutch uncle1838

referent1844

consultee1855

mantri1873

advisory1880

consigliere1981

1838 J. C. Neal Charcoal Sketches 201 If you keep a cutting didoes, I must talk to you both like a Dutch uncle.

1853 Notes & Queries 1st Ser. 7 65/2 In some parts of America, when a person has determined to give another a regular lecture, he will often be heard to say, ‘I will talk to him like a Dutch uncle’; that is, he shall not escape this time.

1869 East Anglian 3 350 There were the squires on the bench, but I took heart, and talked to 'em like a Dutch uncle.

1873 A. Helps Some Talk about Animals & their Masters v. 131 Milverton..began reasoning with the boys; talking to them like a Dutch uncle..about their cruelty.

1962 Economist 29 Sept. 1213/3 There is ‘Dutch auction’, ‘Dutch uncle’, to eat out ‘Dutch’ with one's friends, and many more.

Dutch widow n. see quots.

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1608 T. Middleton Trick to catch Old-one iii. sig. E2 Hoo. What is that Florence? a widdow! Dra. Yes a duch widdow. Hoo. How? Dra. Thats an English drab sir.

Dutch act n. (see sense B. 4 below)

Dutch lunch n. (see Dutch treat n.)

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1904 Columbus (Ohio) Disp. 21 Aug. Dancing was enjoyed by all as was the Dutch lunch which was partaken of at intervals during the evening.

1954 J. Symons Narrowing Circle xxv. 107 ‘Shall we make this a Dutch lunch?’..He was all there when it came to money.

Dutch party n. (see Dutch treat n.)

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1927 Observer 8 May 13/3 Dutch parties are rather more elaborate, in that while the hostess provides the dance floor, music, table, service, and cutlery, her friends bring along the drinks and the viands, raiding their family cellars and larders.

Dutch supper n. (see Dutch treat n.)

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1904 Dallas Morning News 10 Sept. 6 Depriving themselves of money they need to buy plug-cut and Dutch suppers with.

Dutch treat n. (originally U.S.), one at which each person contributes his or her own share.

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1887 Lippincott's Monthly Mag. Aug. 191 ‘You'll come along too, won't you?’ Lancelot demanded of Ormizon. ‘Dutch treat vous savez.’

1937 Sunday Express 14 Feb. 25/3 Are you a ‘Dutch treat’ addict? (In a Dutch treat every one buys his or her own drinks.)

1945 ‘L. Lewis’ Birthday Murder (1951) iii. 39 It's Dutch treat; he pays his own way and makes the women pay theirs.

1958 ‘A. Gilbert’ Death against Clock 81 We arranged to go to the pictures next night. Dutch treat.

Dutch wife n. an open frame of ratan or cane used in the Dutch Indies, etc. to rest the limbs upon in bed.

C3. Parasynthetic and adverbial, as Dutch-bellied, Dutch-built, Dutch-buttocked (see note to Compounds 2); Dutch-cut (like yews, etc. in Dutch gardening).

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1672 R. Wild Let. Declar. Liberty Conscience 7 Such a Dutch-bellied, blundering, boreal Month as this March.

1676 Rep. French Capers 4 Aug. in A. Marvell Acct. Growth Popery (1678) 59 Whether (as is imputed) all the Ships taken are Dutch built?

1823 T. Moore Fables Holy Alliance ii. 8 Some wished them tall; some thought your dumpy, Dutch-built the true Legitimate.

1868 C. Darwin Variation Animals & Plants II. xii. 8 The farmers continued to select cattle with large hind-quarters, until they made a strain called ‘Dutch-buttocked’.

1893 T. C. Finlayson Ess. 97 Many allow themselves to be ‘Dutch-cut’.

Derivatives

ˈDutchlike adj.

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1889 J. J. Hissey Tour in Phaeton 203 Flat Dutchlike country.

ˈDutchly adv. in a Dutch fashion, like the Dutch.

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1599 H. Buttes Dyets Dry Dinner sig. Pv On English foole: wanton Italianly:..Duchly drink: breath Indianly.

1818 W. Allston in W. Irving Life & Lett. (1864) I. 397 Impenetrably, and most Dutchly grave.

Draft additions August 2007

double Dutch adv. and n. (also with lower-case initial in the second element) North American (a) adv. (of rope-skipping) over two ropes turned in sequence; (b) n. a rope-skipping game in which two ropes are used; cf. sense B. 2b.

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1895 Harper's Mag. Feb. 421/2 He skipped ‘slow-poker’, ‘pepper-salt’, and ‘double Dutch’ in Tompkins Square on Saturdays.

1947 Jrnl. Amer. Folklore 60 31 ‘Double Dutch’, where two ropes were used and turned inwardly by two girls, each of whom held a rope in each hand.

1988 S. Lee Do the Right Thing (film script, 2nd draft) in S. Lee & L. Jones Do the Right Thing (1989) 189 (stage direct.) The streets are filled with kids playing. We see stoop ball, double dutch.

2004 M. M. Lewis Scars of Soul ii. viii. 135 The ladies jumping double-dutch..easily fall into step with the same culturally distinct rhymes from girlhood, skipping through the synchronized swinging ropes.

Draft additions September 2018

Dutch angle n. Cinematography a camera shot which is tilted so the frame is not level, esp. used to portray disorientation, tension, or unease.The technique was apparently introduced by German Expressionist film-makers: Dutch here is used to mean ‘German’ (cf. sense A. 1).

ΘΚΠ

society > communication > broadcasting > television > production of television broadcast > [noun] > shot > types of shot

long shot1858

close-up1913

medium shot1925

travelling shot1927

medium close-up1933

reverse angle1933

three-shot1934

tilt shot1934

reaction shot1937

tracking shot1940

Dutch angle1947

two-shot1949

mid shot1953

freeze1960

freeze-frame1960

freeze-shot1960

frozen-frame1960

pack shot1960

noddy1982

arc shot1989

society > leisure > the arts > performance arts > cinematography > filming > shot > [noun] > types of

long shot1858

glass shot1908

close-up1913

aerial shot1920

angle shot1922

medium shot1925

far-away1926

travelling shot1927

zoom1930

zoom shot1930

process shot1931

close-medium shot1933

medium close-up1933

reverse angle1933

reverse shot1934

three-shot1934

tilt shot1934

medium-close shot1937

reaction shot1937

tracking shot1940

pan shot1941

stock shot1941

Dutch angle1947

cheat shot1948

establishing shot1948

master-scene1948

trucking shot1948

two-shot1949

bridging shot1951

body shot1952

library shot1953

master shot1953

mid shot1953

MS1953

pullback1957

MCU1959

noddy1982

arc shot1989

pop shot1993

1947 Television Mar. 34/2 Dutch angle—Any shot which is purposely somewhat distorted by..shooting on an oblique angle.

2016 Toronto Star (Nexis) 26 Mar. e2 Lightning edits, Dutch angles, auditory overkill and lots of distortion made the series often seem as if it were transmitting from another universe.

Draft additions September 2021

Dutch baby n. (also with capital initial in the second element) originally and chiefly U.S. (originally) a type of small pancake; (now) a large, puffy pancake similar to a Yorkshire pudding, baked in a skillet and typically served as a sweet breakfast dish with toppings such as fruit or sugar; also more fully Dutch baby pancake. [The name apparently arose in the United States. It is uncertain whether the allusion originally intended was to the Netherlands or Germany (compare sense A. 1, and also quot. 1927).]

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the world > food and drink > food > dishes and prepared food > pancake, tortilla, or oatcake > [noun] > pancake

froise1338

pancakea1400

flawnc1400

crust-rollc1430

pancake wisea1500

flapjack1620

torteau1625

egg-fraise1693

wafer pancake1769

flamm1819

blini1842

leather-jacket1846

round robin1847

Pfannkuchen1856

palacinka1884

blintz1903

latke1909

crêpe Suzette1922

Dutch baby1927

spring roll1927

Palatschinken1929

egg roll1938

tostada1945

crêpe1951

ploye1959

palacsinta1964

pancake roll1967

appam1972

popiah1975

uthappam1976

1927 Mixer & Server 15 Mar. 44/2 I learned that..‘Dutch babies’ were small German pancakes.

1945 Sunset Feb. 23/1 Beat egg and cream; add..flour, salt, and baking powder... This makes one Dutch Baby.

1993 St. Louis (Missouri) Post-Dispatch (Nexis) 6 July 1 (caption) Top a Dutch baby with blueberry sauce.

2020 Innisfail (Austral.) Advocate (Nexis) 18 Mar. 15 This golden Dutch baby pancake is perfect for a weekend brunch.

Draft additions 1993

Dutch light n. Horticulture a cold frame in which the glass is a single large pane; also, the glass itself.

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the world > food and drink > farming > gardening > equipment and buildings > [noun] > greenhouse or glass-house > glazed compartment or window in

sash1707

light1721

Dutch light1939

1939 Amateur Gardening 18 Feb. (Suppl.) p. xx/1 (advt.) Dutch Lights are extremely useful for all gardeners and give abundant light with little shadow.

1950 W. E. Shewell-Cooper Compl. Gardener vii. i. 581 Dutch lights are much used for lettuces, early carrots..for growing violets and hurrying along various bulbs.

1986 Horticulture Week 28 Mar. 13/2 I carelessly left the half empty packet of seed on a Dutch light covering a nearby frame.

Draft additions December 2005

Dutch pot n.¹ (a) an earthenware cooking vessel of a type associated with the Netherlands; (b) chiefly Jamaican an iron cooking pot, used for roasting, baking, and frying (cf. dutchie n.).

ΚΠ

1640 W. Lithgow Totall Disc. Trav. (rev. ed.) x. 435 And whensoeuer these parties meete, their parting is Dane-like from a Dutch Pot, and the Minister stil purse bearer, defrayeth all charges for the Priest.

1794 F. Spilsbury Art Etching & Aqua Tinting 28 Take one ounce of fine carmine, boil it in a clean earthen ware Dutch pot.

1930 Daily Gleaner (Kingston, Jamaica) 26 Sept. 6/5 A man..shewed him accused's room... There they found..one stove, one dutch pot [etc.].

1975 Times 19 June 12/4 The biggest of Pearsons' traditional Dutch pots holds 8 pints.

2001 A. Wheatle East of Acre Lane 180 Get your backside down from der before I conk you wid de Dutch pot.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1897; most recently modified version published online June 2022).

单词	dutch
释义	dutchn.² Etymology: Abbreviation of duchess n. slang. A costermonger's wife; gen. a wife; often old Dutch. ΘΚΠ society > society and the community > kinship or relationship > marriage or wedlock > married person > married woman > [noun] > wife > one's wife peculiar1615 old woman1668 old girl1745 the Mrs1821 old lady1836 old Dutcha1889 duchess1909 ever-loving1939 her indoors1979 society > society and the community > kinship or relationship > marriage or wedlock > married person > married woman > [noun] > wife > wife of one in specific occupation > specific doctoress1622 generaless1646 tradeswomana1652 bishopess1699 doctress1748 vicaress1770 parsoness1784 farm wife1831 farmeress1833 old Dutcha1889 rebbetzin1892 owneress1923 faculty wife1962 a1889 Mitchell Jimmy Johnson's Holiday (Barrère & Leland) He made a vow he'd never row With his old Dutch again. 1889 A. Barrère & C. G. Leland Dict. Slang I. 341/2 Dutch (popular), a wife. 1893 A. Chevalier My Old Dutch There ain't a lady livin' in the land As I'd ‘swop’ for my dear old Dutch! 1901 R. C. Lehmann Anni Fugaces 128 I detected a coster..with some one to act as his Dutch. 1926 Calgary (Alberta) Herald 7 June Joe Brown, Sal Gratton, and the rest of the quaint coster characters of ‘My Old Dutch’ come to life and live over their romantic story at the Strand theatre. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1933; most recently modified version published online June 2018). Dutchadj.n.¹adv. Brit. /dʌtʃ/, U.S. /dətʃ/ Forms: Also (Middle English duchyssche, Middle English duysshe), Middle English–1600s duch(e, 1500s dou(t)che, dowche, duitch, dutche. Etymology: < Middle Dutch dutsch, duutsch, duutsc, ‘Hollandish, or, in a wider sense, Netherlandish, and even German’ (Verdam), in early modern Dutch duytsch, now duitsch, ‘German’, = German deutsch, Middle High German diutsch, ‘German’, Old High German diutisc, popular, vulgar. Old High German diutisc , Old Saxon thiudisc , Old English þéodisc , Gothic þiudisks < Old Germanic þeudisko-z , meant ‘popular, national’, < Old Germanic þeudâ- , Gothic þiuda* , Old Norse þjóð , Old Saxon thioda , thiod , Old English þéod (Middle English thede n.), Old High German diota, diot, people, nation. In Germany, the adjective was used (in the 9th cent.) as a rendering of Latin vulgaris, to distinguish the ‘vulgar tongue’ from the Latin of the church and the learned; hence it gradually came to be the current denomination of the vernacular, applicable alike to any particular dialect, and generically to German as a whole. From the language, it was naturally extended to those who spoke it (compare English), and thus grew to be an ethnic or national adjective; whence also, in the 12th or 13th centuries, arose the name of the country, Diutisklant, now Deutschland, = Germany. In the 15th and 16th centuries ‘Dutch’ was used in England in the general sense in which we now use ‘German’, and in this sense it included the language and people of the Netherlands as part of the ‘Low Dutch’ or Low German domain. After the United Provinces became an independent state, using the ‘Nederduytsch’ or Low German of Holland as the national language, the term ‘Dutch’ was gradually restricted in England to the Netherlanders, as being the particular division of the ‘Dutch’ or Germans with whom the English came in contact in the 17th cent.; while in Holland itself duitsch, and in Germany deutsch, are, in their ordinary use, restricted to the language and dialects of Germany and of adjacent regions, exclusive of the Netherlands and Friesland; though in a wider sense ‘deutsch’ includes these also, and may even be used as widely as ‘Germanic’. Thus the English use of Dutch has diverged from the German and Netherlandish use since 1600. A. adj. †1. Of or relating to the people of Germany; German. Obsolete except as a historical archaism, and in some parts of U.S.: see B. 1 and Dutchman n.Cf. High Dutch adj., Low Dutch adj. 1. ΘΚΠ the mind > language > languages of the world > Indo-Hittite > [adjective] > Indo-European > Germanic > German Dutch1480 German1536 Germanish1548 Germanical1577 1480 W. Caxton Chron. Eng. ccxli. 266 Lordes and knyȝtes of hir countre of beme and of other duche tonges. a1500 (a1460) Towneley Plays (1994) I. xxx. 411 A horne and a Duch ax, His slefe must be flekyt. 1530 J. Palsgrave Lesclarcissement 31 In propre names commyng out of the Greke or doutche tong. 1563 J. Shute First Groundes Archit. sig. Aiii French and dowche writers. 1570 P. Levens Manipulus Vocabulorum sig. Qii/1 Dutche, teutonicus. 1599 J. Minsheu Percyvall's Dict. Spanish & Eng. Gente Alemána, the high Dutch people, the high Germans. 1601 R. Johnson tr. G. Botero Trauellers Breuiat 79 When the Dutch Knightes were Lords of the countrie [sc. Poland]. 1611 T. Coryate Crudities sig. Ee8^v The Dutch word Zurich signifieth two Kingdomes. 1788 M. Cutler Jrnl. 7 Aug. in W. P. Cutler & J. P. Cutler Life, Jrnls. & Corr. M. Cutler (1888) I. 404 We baited our horses..at the first house, a Dutch cabin [in Pennsylvania]. 1884 Sat. Rev. 14 June 785/2 The High-Dutch practice of ennobling every substantive with a capital. 2. a. Of, relating to, or characterizing the ‘Low Dutch’ people of Holland and the Netherlands. Dutch school, a school of painters and style of painting which attained its highest development in the Netherlands, in which commonplace subjects, chosen from ordinary or low life, received consummate artistic treatment. ΚΠ 1568 (title) Propositions or Articles drawn out of Holy Scripture, showing the Cause of continuall Variance in the Duch Church in London.] 1606 T. Dekker Seuen Deadly Sinnes London v. sig. E4^v The short waste hangs ouer a Dutch Botchers stall in Vtrich. 1611 T. Middleton & T. Dekker Roaring Girle sig. E^v You'le haue the great Dutch slop. 1617 J. Minsheu Ἡγεμὼν είς τὰς γλῶσσας: Ductor in Linguas at Duchman The Duch nation aboue all other haue had the glorie and fame..for their valour in warre..fortunate battels both by land and sea. 1742 A. Pope New Dunciad 192 Each fierce Logician..dash'd thro' thin and thick, On German Crouzaz, and Dutch Burgersdyck. 1821 W. Scott Pirate II. xiii. 306 Brenda..ran from her like a Spanish merchant-man from a Dutch caper. 1836 J. Murray Hand-bk. for Travellers on Continent 15 The collections of pictures of the Dutch school. 1842 Ld. Tennyson Gardener's Daughter in Poems (new ed.) II. 28 A Dutch love For tulips. b. South African. Of, relating to, or designating South Africans of Dutch descent; (in later use also occasionally) = Afrikaans adj. ΘΚΠ the world > people > nations > native or inhabitant of Africa > native or inhabitant of Southern Africa > [adjective] > Afrikaner Dutch1731 Afrikander1822 Afrikaans1914 Afrikaner1930 1731 G. Medley tr. P. Kolb Present State Cape Good-Hope I. v. 58 The Terror of the Dutch Arms was spread through all the Nations about the Cape. 1791 G. Carter Narr. Loss Grosvenor xvii. 50 They had got out of the country of the Caffrees, and had reached the northermost of the Dutch settlements. 1852 C. Barter Dorp & Veld vi. 52 Dutch families on their way to Maritzburg for the half-yearly ‘Nacht maal’ or sacrament. 1871 J. Mackenzie Ten Years North of Orange River i. 18 The ‘Nachtmaal’, or celebration of the Lord's Supper, by the Dutch Church, takes place several times in a year. 1954 D. D'Ewes Mydorp xii. 70 He attended the Dutch Reformed Church regularly every Sunday. 1970 Cape Times 28 Oct. 1/5 He had never had much hope in the liberal movement there, but had contacts with Dutch Reformed Church ministers and had never found them completely impervious to suggestion. 3. a. Of or belonging to the Dutch; native to, or coming from, Holland; first used, introduced, invented, or made by the Dutch. ΚΠ 1592 T. Nashe Pierce Penilesse (Brit. Libr. copy) sig. E ^v As hoarie as Dutch-butter. 1668 A. Wood Life & Times (1892) II. 131 A. W. did transcribe on Dutch paper. 1681 Arraignm.,Tryal & Condemnation S. Colledge 36 There was an Original drawn with a Pencil, upon Dutch Paper. 1695 W. Congreve Love for Love iv. i. 75 Dreams and Dutch Almanacks are to be understood by contraries. 1698 London Gaz. No. 3358/4 5 Cane Chairs, 3 Dutch Chairs. 1841 C. Dickens Old Curiosity Shop i. x. 141 Late as the Dutch clock showed it to be. 1881 New Sydenham Soc. Lexicon Camphor, Dutch. Japan camphor is so called because it was introduced into commerce by the Dutch. b. In names of trees and plants, of species or varieties introduced from Holland, or common in that country; or sometimes merely to distinguish them from the common English variety or species; e.g. Dutch agrimony, beech, clover, elm, honeysuckle, medlar, myrtle, violet, willow, etc.: see these words. † Dutch mezereon n. Obsolete = mezereon n. Dutch mice n. Carmele, Lathyrus tuberosus. Dutch rush n. a species of Equisetum or horsetail used for polishing; shave-grass. ΘΚΠ the world > plants > particular plants > plants and herbs > according to family > leguminous plants > [noun] > clover or trefoil white clovereOE cloverc1000 hare-foota1300 clerewort?a1400 clover-grassa1400 three-leaved grass14.. trefoilc1400 sucklingc1440 four-leaved grassc1450 trefle1510 Trifolium?1541 trinity grass1545 Dutch1548 lote1548 hare's-foot1562 lotus1562 triple grass1562 blain-grass1570 meadow trefoil1578 purple grass1597 purplewort1597 satin flower1597 cithyse1620 true-love grass?a1629 garden balsam1633 hop-clover1679 Burgundian hay1712 strawberry trefoil1731 honeysuckle trefoil1735 red clover1764 buffalo-clover1767 marl-grass1776 purple trefoil1785 white trefoil1785 yellow trefoil1785 sulla1787 cow-grass1789 strawberry-bearing trefoil1796 zigzag trefoil1796 rabbit's foot1817 lotus grass1820 strawberry-headed trefoil1822 mountain liquorice1836 hop-trefoil1855 clustered clover1858 alsike1881 mountain clover1882 knop1897 Swedish clover1908 sub clover1920 four-leaf clover1927 suckle- the world > plants > particular plants > trees and shrubs > tree or shrub groups > daphnes > [noun] laureolec1386 Daphnec1430 mezereona1500 laurel1548 daffadowndilly1591 Dutch mezereon1597 herb terrible1597 spurge laurel1597 widow wail1597 rock rose1629 spurge olive1668 spurge flax1678 wood laurel1728 mezereum1754 Daphnad1847 spurge Daphne1872 1548 W. Turner Names of Herbes sig. A.vj^v Albucum..groweth in gardines in Anwerp, it maye be named in englishe whyte affodil, or duche daffodil. 1597 J. Gerard Herball iii. 1216 Apothecaries of our countrie name it Mezereon, but we had rather call it Chamelæa Germanica: in English Dutch Mezereon. 1640 J. Parkinson Theatrum Botanicum 1156 Sweet Dutch grasse with a tufted head. 1664 J. Evelyn Kalendarium Hortense 63 in Sylva March..Flowers in Prime..Dutch Mezereon. 1725 R. Bradley Chomel's Dictionaire Œconomique at Rose-tree The best Season in England to plant Dutch Roses. 1731–45 P. Miller Gardener's Kal. 79 Imperial, Cos and Brown Dutch Lettuces. 1731–45 P. Miller Gardener's Kal. 79 The large-rooted Dutch Parsley. 1836 J. C. Loudon Encycl. Plants (rev. ed.) 208 (note) Ulmus suberosa, often called the Dutch Elm. 1836 J. C. Loudon Encycl. Plants (rev. ed.) 891 (note) Equisetum hyemale is imported from Holland under the name of Dutch rushes. 1849 W. B. Carpenter Veg. Physiol. (new ed.) §757 Minute particles of silex or flinty substance, whose presence renders one species,..the ‘Dutch Rush’, valued for its use in polishing furniture and pewter utensils. 1860 Gardeners' Chron. 774/2 Lathyrus tuberosus..is occasionally cultivated under the name of Dutch Mice. 1888 G. S. Boulger Familiar Trees 2nd Ser. 142 The Dutch Elm..was introduced by William III. for clipped hedges, on account of its rapid growth. B. n.¹ [Elliptical uses of the adjective.] 1. The German language, in any of its forms. Obsolete except in High Dutch n. 1a; Low Dutch n. 1 Pennsylvania Dutch, a degraded form of High German (originally from the Rhine Palatinate and Switzerland) spoken by the descendants of the original German settlers in Pennsylvania. ΘΚΠ the mind > language > languages of the world > Indo-Hittite > [noun] > Indo-European > Germanic > German Dutchc1380 German1594 Teutonic1631 Kraut1938 the mind > language > languages of the world > Indo-Hittite > [noun] > Indo-European > Germanic > German > Low German Dutchc1380 Low Dutch1567 Plattdeutsch1677 Low German1736 Platt1814 c1380 J. Wyclif Sel. Wks. III. 100 Wheþer it be..wryten in Latin in Englyssche or in Frensche or Duchyssche [v.r. Duche]. 1485 W. Caxton in Malory's Morte Darthur Pref. sig. ij^v Bookes..as wel in duche ytalyen spaynysshe and grekysshe as in frensshe. 1548 W. Turner (title) sig. A.i The names of herbes in Greke, Latin, Englishe, Duche & Frenche. a1549 A. Borde Fyrst Bk. Introd. Knowl. (1870) 163 In Denmark..theyr speche is Douche. 1578 H. Lyte tr. R. Dodoens Niewe Herball v. xxxi. 590 Called..in high Douche, Melaunen: in base Almaigne, Meloenen: in Englishe, Melons. 1654 Trag. Alphonsus ii. 18 Good Aunt teach me so much Dutch to ask her pardon. Empress. Say so: Gnediges frawlin vergebet mirs [etc.]. 1720 D. Defoe Mem. Cavalier 64 I spoke high Dutch. 1757 tr. J. G. Keyssler Trav. IV. 150 A chronicle of Nurenberg, in high Dutch, written in the year 1585. 2. a. The language of Holland or the Netherlands. ΘΚΠ the mind > language > languages of the world > Indo-Hittite > [noun] > Indo-European > Germanic > Dutch Dutcha1706 Netherlandish1830 High Dutch1880 High Dutch1901 Nederlands1926 1647 H. Hexham (title) A copious English and Netherduytch dictionarie.] a1706 Earl of Dorset in Poets Great Brit. (1793) VI. 509/2 Thy plays are such, I'd swear they were translated out of Dutch. 1871 J. Earle Philol. Eng. Tongue viii. 397 The pronoun of the second person singular is lost in Dutch. 1872 R. Morris Hist. Outl. Eng. Accidence §9 To the Low German division belong the following languages:—(1) Gothic..(2) Frisian..(3) Dutch..(4) Flemish..(5) Old Saxon..(6) English. b. double Dutch: a language that one does not understand, gibberish. ΘΚΠ the mind > mental capacity > intelligibility > absence of meaning > nonsense, rubbish > unintelligible language, gibberish > [noun] jargon1340 gibberishc1557 fustiana1593 hibber-gibber1593 rabble?1593 gabbling1599 rantum-scantum1599 ribble-rabble1601 gabble1602 High Dutch1602 Greek1603 baragouin1614 galimatias1653 riddle-me-ree1678 clink-clank1679 Hebrew1705 alieniloquy1727 jabber1735 mumbo-jumbo1738 gibbering1786 rigmarole1809 gibber1832 rigmarolery1833 Babelism1834 jargoning1837 barrikin1851 abracadabra1867 double Dutch1876 jabberwock1902 jabberwocky1908 jibber-jabber1922 mumbo-jumbery1923 mumbo1931 double-talk1938 garbology1944 1876 C. H. Wall tr. Molière Lovers' Quarrels ii. vii, in Dramat. Wks. I. 116 Though I have said them [sc. prayers] daily now these fifty years, they are still double Dutch to me. 1879 C. H. Spurgeon Serm. XXV. 297 The preacher preaches double Dutch or Greek, or something of the sort. c. South African. = South African Dutch n. 1, Cape Dutch n. (b) at cape n.³ Compounds 1b. Cf. Afrikaans n. Now historical. ΘΚΠ the mind > language > languages of the world > Indo-Hittite > [noun] > Indo-European > Germanic > Dutch > Afrikaans Dutch1731 Cape Dutch1826 South African Dutch1871 kitchen Dutch1880 Afrikaans1885 Afrikander1886 taal1896 1731 G. Medley tr. P. Kolb Present State Cape Good-Hope I. iii. 26 The People far up the Country, on the Appearance of Strangers, are us'd to say in Dutch, wat Volk, i.e. What People? 1798 A. Barnard Jrnl. 11 May in A. W. C. Lindsay Lives of Lindsays (1849) III. 437 I doubt much if my whole stock of Dutch amounts to two dozen of words. 1849 N. J. Merriman Kafir, Hottentot & Frontier Farmer (1854) 51 He knew Dutch well, and between the three tongues we contrived to make ourselves intelligible. 1936 F. R. Thompson Matabele Thompson i. 25 I..became proficient in Dutch, and in the various native languages that I came across. d. High Dutch (South African) [translating Afrikaans Hooghollands] , Netherlands (literary) Dutch as distinguished from Cape Dutch or Afrikaans. ΘΚΠ the mind > language > languages of the world > Indo-Hittite > [noun] > Indo-European > Germanic > Dutch Dutcha1706 Netherlandish1830 High Dutch1880 High Dutch1901 Nederlands1926 1901 W. S. Logeman & J. F. van Oordt How to speak Dutch (ed. 3) i. 31 The main points of difference between so-called ‘High Dutch’ and Cape-Dutch phonetics and spelling may be enumerated as follows. 1911 H. H. Fyfe S. Afr. To-day viii. 96 High Dutch..is not the language of the Dutch people in South Africa..the ‘taal’..is the common speech. 1936 T. J. Haarhoff & C. M. van den Heever Achievem. of Afrikaans i. 13 While we tried to write in High Dutch our thoughts were cast in rigid moulds;..and the result was often secondhand rhetoric. 1958 L. van der Post Lost World of Kalahari iii. 60 In High Dutch I wrote: ‘I have decided to-day.’ 3. the Dutch (with plural agreement). †a. The Germans. Obsolete. b. The people of Holland and the Netherlands; formerly called also Low Dutch n. 2. (†Rare plural Dutches.) U.S. in later use. ΘΚΠ the world > people > nations > native or inhabitant of Europe > native or inhabitant of the Low Countries > [noun] > the Dutch Low Dutchman1576 the Dutch1577 Low Dutch1592 Flounderkina1668 Batavian1876 1577 G. Whetstone Remembraunce Gaskoigne sig. A.iij Wel plaste at length, among the drunken Dutch [margin He served in Holland]. 1603 R. Johnson tr. G. Botero Hist. Descr. Worlde 257 He is serued by the Swizzers and the Dutch. 1603 R. Johnson tr. G. Botero Hist. Descr. Worlde 155 Of mercenary soldiers..he had 4300. Polonians: of chirchasses (that are vnder the Polonians) aboute 4000. Dutches and Scottes aboute 150. 1631 T. Powell Tom of All Trades (1876) 164 When our acquaintance tooke first life with those of the Low Countries..the Dutch..askt him [our Embassador] what handicraft our King was brought up unto. 1648 H. Hexham Groot Woorden-boeck Having of late compiled a large English and Netherdutch Dictionarie..for the accommodation of the Nether-dutches, who are desirous to attaine unto the knowledge..of our English Tongue. 1667 J. Dryden Annus Mirabilis 1666 clxvii. 43 The toils of war we must endure, And, from th'Injurious Dutch redeem the Seas. 1777 R. Watson Hist. Reign Philip II II. xvi. 100 The success of Philip's arms..excited in the Dutch and Flemings the most alarming apprehensions. c1826 G. Canning in Lyra Elegantiarum (1867) 148 In matters of commerce, the fault of the Dutch Is giving too little and asking too much. 1831 J. Sinclair Corr. II. 180 The Dutch are distinguished by a great desire for cleanliness. 1845 in C. Cist Cincinnati Misc. 198 Shall we infer from the above that the Indians and Germans have one common origin? If so, the Dutch are the real natives. c. to beat the Dutch, to do something extraordinary or startling. that beats the Dutch, that beats everything. U.S. colloquial. ΘΚΠ the mind > mental capacity > expectation > feeling of wonder, astonishment > quality of inspiring wonder > be a matter of wonder [verb (intransitive)] musea1500 to beggar description, comparea1616 to beat the Dutch1775 to beat all1839 1775 Revolut. Song in New-Eng. Hist. & Geneal. Reg. (1857) XI. 191 Our cargoes of meat, drink, and cloaths beat the Dutch. 1906 M. E. Freeman By Light of Soul xx. 277 Well, you women do beat the Dutch. 1939 Amer. Speech 14 267 If it is startling news, it ‘beats the Jews’ or ‘beats the Dutch’. d. South African. = South African Dutch n. 2. In later use: = Afrikaner n. 2. Now historical. ΘΚΠ the world > people > nations > native or inhabitant of Africa > native or inhabitant of Southern Africa > [noun] > Afrikaner > collectively the Dutch1731 Boerdom1858 South African Dutch1877 volk1880 Amabhunu1883 Afrikanerdom1900 1731 G. Medley tr. P. Kolb Present State Cape Good-Hope I. v. 57 There are at this Time the strictest Alliance and the closest Friendship subsisting between the Dutch and the several Hottentot Nations. 1776 F. Masson in Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 305 There is another species of animal called by the Dutch Bles-moll. 1850 J. W. Appleyard Kafir Lang. 10/2 The Dutch language as generally spoken..by the Dutch themselves in the country districts, is very different from the Dutch as used in Holland. 1897 J. Bryce Impressions S. Afr. 76 The second native race was that which the Dutch called Hottentot. 1941 C. W. De Kiewiet Hist. S. Afr. 23 The Dutch were not the first trekkers in South Africa...The Bantu..were the country's original trekkers. 1963 A. Delius Day Natal Took Off 4 We finally got used to calling the Dutch Afrikaners, and even learning a few words in the Taal ourselves. 1976 A. R. Willcox Southern Land 156 They could use certain areas for grazing only seasonally. These were termed by the Dutch Zuurveld. 4. Slang phrases (originally U.S.): (a) in Dutch, in disfavour, disgrace, or trouble; (b) to do a (or the) Dutch (act), to desert, escape, run away; also, to commit suicide. ΚΠ 1902 H. Hapgood Autobiogr. Thief in Frank Leslie's Pop. Monthly Sept. 459/1 A week later Dal was found dead in his cell, and I believe he did the Dutch act. [Note] Committed suicide. 1909 J. R. Ware Passing Eng. Victorian Era 120/2 We did a dutch with everything—even down to the coalhammer. 1912 A. H. Lewis Apaches N.Y. iv. 70 I don't want to put you in Dutch with your fleet. 1948 M. Allingham More Work for Undertaker xxv. 286 He'll be in dutch if there's nothing to show at the end of it. 1953 P. Frankau Winged Horse ii. iv. 134 Maybe Baron'll fire me when he knows I'm in Dutch with his family. 1958 M. A. de Ford in J. Macdonald Lethal Sex (1962) 115 You can't face it..so you're doing the Dutch and leaving a confession. 1959 ‘E. Fenwick’ Long Way Down xx. 155 Scare the poor kid to death, probably—and get her in dutch with her people, too. 1965 ‘R. L. Pike’ Police Blotter (1966) ii. 37 The day Caper Connelly does the dutch, my guess is it'll be against somebody else. 1968 J. Dos Passos Best Times ii. 69 While I plodded around..trying to explain my position and getting myself deeper in Dutch every time I opened my face, I saw marvellous scenes. C. adv. †1. In Dutch (or German) fashion. Obsolete. ΚΠ 1601 J. Marston et al. Iacke Drums Entertainm. ii. sg. D4^v Drinke Duch like gallants, lets drinke vpsey freeze. 2. With each person paying for his own food, drink, etc.; esp. in to go Dutch (cf. Dutch lunch, etc., under Compounds 2 above). Originally U.S. ΘΚΠ society > trade and finance > payment > contribution > contribute [verb (intransitive)] > each pay his share to go Dutch1914 1914 S. Lewis Our Mr. Wrenn v. 63 We'll go Dutch. 1957 Economist 5 Oct. 14/1 To suggest a free trade area to any of them in such circumstances looks rather like proposing to a teetotaller that you and he go dutch on daily rounds of drinks. 1962 Economist 29 Sept. 1213/3 There is ‘Dutch auction’, ‘Dutch uncle’, to eat out ‘Dutch’ with one's friends, and many more. Compounds C1. Often distinguishing a particular sort of article, originally made in or imported from Holland. a. Dutch brick n. ΚΠ 1657 R. Ligon True Hist. Barbados Index 84 Dutch Bricks, which they call Klinkers. 1890 A. Rimmer Summer Rambles Manch. 35 Red ‘Dutch’ bricks in ‘Flemish bond’. Dutch case n. ΚΠ 1874 E. H. Knight Pract. Dict. Mech. Dutch-case (Mining), a shaft-frame composed of four pieces of plank, used in shafts and galleries. Dutch cheese n. ΚΠ 1700 S. L. tr. C. Frick Relation Voy. in tr. C. Frick & C. Schweitzer Relation Two Voy. E.-Indies 7 5 Dutch Cheeses. 1858 P. L. Simmonds Dict. Trade Products Dutch-cheese, a small round cheese made on the Continent from skim milk. Dutch clinker n. ΚΠ 1856 S. C. Brees Terms & Rules Archit. Dutch clinkers, a description of brick employed for paving stables and yards, being exceedingly hard. Dutch liquid n. ΚΠ 1844 G. Fownes Man. Elem. Chem. 393 Pure Dutch-liquid is a thin, colourless fluid, of agreeably fragrant odour, and sweet taste. 1851 Official Descriptive & Illustr. Catal. Great Exhib. I. 191 Dutch liquid, chloride of olefiant gas, a new anæsthetic agent, said to be less irritating than chloroform. 1877 H. Watts Fownes's Man. Elem. Chem. (ed. 12) II. 69 Dutch liquid having been discovered by four Dutch chemists in 1795. b. Dutch barn n. see quots. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > farming > cultivation or tillage > cultivation of plants or crops > storage or preservation of crops > [noun] > barn > types of tithe barn1543 tithing barn1659 corn-house1699 Dutch barn1742 staddle barn1794 bank barn1804 staddle granary1816 Pennsylvania barn1823 grain-barn1844 1742 W. Ellis Mod. Husbandman June x. 99 In order to enjoy his Hay finer than his Neighbours, he built him a Dutch Barn, in 1738. 1886 W. A. Harris Techn. Dict. Fire Insurance Dutch barn, a protection for hay, straw, &c., having the supports and framework of a barn, without the side and end boarding. Dutch cap n. (a) a woman's cap of lace or muslin with a triangular piece rolled back at each side; (b) a type of contraceptive pessary; = diaphragm n. 2b. ΘΚΠ the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > types or styles of clothing > headgear > [noun] > cap > types of > made from specific material > other lettice cap1544 jack-cap1694 paper cap?1697 Dutch cap1726 napkin-cap1735 shell-cap1794 raccoon cap1840 the world > physical sensation > sexual relations > contraception or birth control > [noun] > a contraceptive > placed in the vagina or uterus pessary1886 cap1916 Dutch cap1922 coil1931 diaphragm1933 Margulies spiral1962 Lippes loop1964 loop1965 1726 Mrs. Johnson Let. Oct. in E. Hamilton Mordaunts (1965) vii. 145 Misses coat fitts her very well, the Dutch cap Miss Mordaunt is not at all reconciled to but will wear it if her Cosens doe. 1857 ‘Porte Crayon’ Virginia Illustr. 68 His head..was surmounted by a tiny Dutch cap. 1922 M. Stopes in Lancet 12 Aug. 357/2 Recourse may then be had to the inverted or Dutch cap. 1943 J. H. Peel Textbk. Gynæcol. xxiii. 342 The best and most widely applicable is undoubtedly the Dutch cap pessary. 1960 C. Watson Bump in Night iv. 44 Don't ever again describe bridesmaids as wearing Dutch caps. 1962 ‘H. Lourie’ Question of Abortion iv. 34 One patient..had proved not to be pregnant…she had come back for a Dutch cap. 1967 M. Drabble Jerusalem the Golden vii. 155 Spread before her on the floor was a..dutch cap, an instruction leaflet, and various other accoutrements of contraception. Dutch carpet n. see quots. ΚΠ 1858 P. L. Simmonds Dict. Trade Products Dutch-carpet, a mixed material of cotton and wool, used for floor-coverings. Dutch doll n. a jointed wooden doll. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > entertainment > toy or plaything > doll > [noun] > wooden doll Dutch doll1797 Russian doll1910 matryoshka1948 peg doll1950 kokeshi1959 1797 A. Barnard Let. 10 July (1901) ii. 57 What they [sc. Dutch ladies] most want is shoulders and manners. I know now what is meant by a ‘Dutch doll’; their make is exactly like them. 1824 W. Scott Redgauntlet I. iii. 38 All thy motions, like those of a great Dutch doll, depending on the pressure of certain springs. 1925 W. Deeping Sorrell & Son vii. 62 Her head was as neat as the head of a Dutch doll. Dutch door n. (see quot. 1890). ΘΚΠ society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabited place > a building > parts of building > window or door > types of door > [noun] > other types of door hall-doorc1275 falling doorc1300 stable doorc1330 vice-door1354 hecka1400 lodge-doorc1400 street door1465 gate-doora1500 portal1516 backdoor1530 portal door1532 side door1535 by-door1542 outer door1548 postern door1551 house door1565 fore-door1581 way-door1597 leaf door1600 folding door1611 clap-door1625 balcony-door1635 out-door1646 anteportc1660 screen door1668 frontish-door1703 posticum1704 side entrance1724 sash-door1726 Venetian door1731 oak1780 jib-door1800 trellis?c1800 sporting door1824 ledge-door1825 through door1827 bivalves1832 swing-door1833 tradesmen's entrance1838 ledged door1851 tradesmen's door?1851 fire door1876 storm door1878 shoji1880 fire door1889 Dutch door1890 patio door1900 stable door1900 ledge(d) and brace(d) door1901 suicide door1925 louvre door1953 1890 Webster's Internat. Dict. Eng. Lang. Dutch door, a door divided into two parts, horizontally, so arranged that the lower part can be shut and fastened, while the upper part remains open. 1945 G. Nelson & H. N. Wright Tomorrow's House v. 57 The kitchen also opens into the main room by way of..a Dutch door. Dutch drops n. see quots. ΘΚΠ the world > health and disease > healing > medicines or physic > other miscellaneous medicines > [noun] pesse1464 adarces1566 marmaritin1584 apostles' salt1605 methium?1608 panther1656 lenociny1657 aroph1658 fox-lungs1660 Dutch drops1843 penicillamine1943 1843 C. Dickens Martin Chuzzlewit (1844) xxiv. 296 A bottle of Dutch Drops. 1858 P. L. Simmonds Dict. Trade Products Dutch-drops, a balsam or popular nostrum, prepared with oil of turpentine, tincture of guaiacum, nitric ether, succinic acid, and oil of cloves. Dutch elm disease n. a fungous disease of elms, first discovered in Holland, caused by Ceratocystis ulmi. ΘΚΠ the world > plants > disease or injury > [noun] > type of disease > fungal > associated with trees heart rot1808 white rot1828 sap-rot1838 red rot1847 conk1851 soft rot1886 pine blister1889 silver-leaf1890 leaf shedding1891 pine rust1893 leaf cast1894 partridge-wood1894 larch blister1895 needle-cast1895 sooty mould1901 white pine blister rust1909 larch needle cast1921 coral-spot1923 ink disease1923 pocket rot1926 wood rot1926 Dutch elm disease1927 oak wilt1942 ash dieback1957 1927 Gardeners' Chron. 19 Feb. 133/3 (heading) The Dutch Elm Disease... The disease was first observed in Holland in September, 1919. 1931 Science 30 Oct. 437/1 After the identification of the Dutch elm disease in Ohio, during the summer of 1930. 1968 New Scientist 5 Sept. 489/1 The beetles that carry Dutch elm disease are attracted to dead or dying trees for egg laying. Dutch foil n. a very malleable alloy of 11 parts of copper and 2 of zinc, beaten into thin leaves, and used as a cheap imitation of gold-leaf. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > the arts > visual arts > ornamental art and craft > gilding and silvering > [noun] > gilding > gold leaf or plate > imitation orseduec1377 clinquant1691 German gold1712 Dutch gilding1760 ormolu1765 similor1778 Dutch foil1815 Dutch gilt1825 Dutch gold1825 Dutch metal1825 mosaic gold1825 Dutch leaf- 1815 Philos. Mag. & Jrnl. 46 428 Dutch foil inflames in a mixture of two of the deep-yellow gas, and three of chlorine. 1996 W. Bucher Dict. Building Preserv. 158/1 Dutch metal,..typically manufactured as an imitation gold leaf, or to make Dutch metal powder, or Dutch foil. Dutch garden n. see quots. ΚΠ a1772 T. Whately Observ. Mod. Gardening (1801) iv. 153 To get too, as far as can be, the advantage of natural prospects, the artificial mounts of the flat Dutch gardens should here be introduced. 1872 A. Smee My Garden 584 The chief peculiarities of a Dutch garden may be said to consist in its being seen at one glance;..in the utmost symmetry being observed in all its parts..; in its trees being clipped sometimes into curious shapes and figures..; in its having long serpentine or straight walks..; [etc.]. 1899 S. R. Hole Our Gardens 277 I asked an old gardener whether he could tell me anything about Dutch Gardens, and he made answer, ‘They be bits o' beds with edgings o' box, and gravel walks, and four sloping banks forming a square outside, and they be pratty toys for children, and very snug for varmint.’ 1902 H. I. Triggs Formal Gardens pl. 58 Holland House, Kensington. The Dutch Garden. 1928 L. Archer-Hind tr. M. L. Gothein Hist. Garden Art II. xiii. 218 People were misled by the term ‘Dutch garden’, as it came to be used derisively in the eighteenth century. 1928 L. Archer-Hind tr. M. L. Gothein Hist. Garden Art II. xiii. 230 The Dutch garden must be reckoned as of the French school. Dutch gilding n. = Dutch foil n. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > the arts > visual arts > ornamental art and craft > gilding and silvering > [noun] > gilding > gold leaf or plate > imitation orseduec1377 clinquant1691 German gold1712 Dutch gilding1760 ormolu1765 similor1778 Dutch foil1815 Dutch gilt1825 Dutch gold1825 Dutch metal1825 mosaic gold1825 Dutch leaf- 1760 R. Symmer in Philos. Trans. 1759 (Royal Soc.) 51 375 A piece of paper, covered on one side with Dutch gilding. Dutch gilt n. = Dutch foil n. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > the arts > visual arts > ornamental art and craft > gilding and silvering > [noun] > gilding > gold leaf or plate > imitation orseduec1377 clinquant1691 German gold1712 Dutch gilding1760 ormolu1765 similor1778 Dutch foil1815 Dutch gilt1825 Dutch gold1825 Dutch metal1825 mosaic gold1825 Dutch leaf- 1825 W. Hone Every-day Bk. (1826) I. 51 Their staple-ware has leaves of untarnished dutch-gilt stuck on. Dutch gold n. = Dutch foil n. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > the arts > visual arts > ornamental art and craft > gilding and silvering > [noun] > gilding > gold leaf or plate > imitation orseduec1377 clinquant1691 German gold1712 Dutch gilding1760 ormolu1765 similor1778 Dutch foil1815 Dutch gilt1825 Dutch gold1825 Dutch metal1825 mosaic gold1825 Dutch leaf- 1825 W. Hone Every-day Bk. (1826) I. 1170 The gingerbread stalls..were..fine, from the dutch gold on their..ware. Thesaurus » Categories » Dutch hoe n. (see hoe n.² 1b). Dutch interior n. a painting of the interior of a Dutch room or house, esp. by the Dutch painter Pieter de Hooch (1629–83); also transferred. ΚΠ 1816 M. Bryan Biogr. & Crit. Dict. Painters & Engravers I. 559 His [sc. P. de Hooch's] favourite subjects were the interiors of Dutch apartments..the sun shining through a window.] 1886 M. Bryan & R. E. Graves Biogr. & Crit. Dict. Painters & Engravers I. 370/1 Dutch Interior [by P. de Hooch]; a Lady playing the lute and singing, whilst a cavalier accompanies her. 1913 E. Wharton Custom of Country i. v. 73 The hall, with..the quiet ‘Dutch interior’ effect of its black and white marble paving. 1940 ‘F. O'Connor’ (title) Dutch interior. 1966 M. Catto Bird on Wing ix. 131 The lights were dim. It made an intimate picture. Like one of those cosy Dutch interiors: the burgher at home with his wife. 1970 V. C. Clinton-Baddeley No Case for Police iii. 63 Like some picture of a ‘Dutch Interior’, the open door revealed a hall, and, beyond that, another open door... Only the traditional distant figure was lacking. Thesaurus » Categories » Dutch leaf n. = Dutch foil n. Dutch metal n. = Dutch foil n. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > the arts > visual arts > ornamental art and craft > gilding and silvering > [noun] > gilding > gold leaf or plate > imitation orseduec1377 clinquant1691 German gold1712 Dutch gilding1760 ormolu1765 similor1778 Dutch foil1815 Dutch gilt1825 Dutch gold1825 Dutch metal1825 mosaic gold1825 Dutch leaf- 1825 W. Hone Every-day Bk. (1826) I. 1245 Instead of leaf gold..they were covered..with Dutch metal. Dutch mill n. an oil mill for rape oil. ΚΠ c1865 A. Ure in J. Wylde Circle of Sci. I. 99/2 These mortars and press boxes constitute what are called Dutch mills. Dutch nightingale n. a frog. ΘΚΠ the world > animals > amphibians > order Anura or Salienta (frogs and toads) > [noun] > frog froshc1000 frouda1200 toada1300 paddockc1300 paddoc1480 hipfrog1611 croaker1651 Dutch nightingale1769 froggy?1800 fen-nightingalea1825 yellowbellyc1825 greenback1876 1769 T. Pennant Brit. Zool. (new ed.) III. iii. 5 The croaking of frogs is well known, and from that in fenny countries they are..stiled Dutch Nightingales or Boston Waites. 1812 R. Southey Omniana II. clxxxi. 33 Walton accuses the frogs of destroying them, but I cannot persuade myself to find a true bill against these poor persecuted Dutch nightingales. a1855 W. T. Spurdens Forby's Vocab. E. Anglia (1858) III. 15 Dutch-Nightingale, a frog, from its melodious note in the spring. Dutch oil n. Ethene dichloride, 2 (CH₂Cl), a thin oily liquid, having a sweetish smell and taste. Dutch oven n. (a) a large pot heated by surrounding it with fuel, and placing hot coals on the lid; a cooking utensil made of sheet-metal, placed in front of a grate and heated by radiation and by reflection from the back of the chamber; (b) slang a person's mouth. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > food > food manufacture and preparation > equipment for food preparation > stove or cooker > [noun] > oven > other types of oven broiling-iron1562 broil-iron1567 apple roaster1637 bread oven1745 pot-oven1750 Dutch oven1769 caboose1779 roaster1796 gas oven1810 kitchen1826 tandoor1840 water oven1848 ti-oven1896 roaster oven1940 1769 E. Raffald Experienced Eng. House-keeper xii. 263 Put them in a Dutch Oven to brown. 1849 C. Dickens David Copperfield (1850) xxiv. 252 I'll toast you some bacon in a bachelor's Dutch-oven that I have got here. 1922 J. Joyce Ulysses ii. xiv. [Oxen of the Sun] 405 O, cheese it! Shut his blurry Dutch oven with a firm hand. 1968 Islander (Victoria, Brit. Columbia) 11 Aug. 7/2 Other relics of trail days, which time has not completely erased, are three beehive Dutch ovens built from native stone. Dutch pen n. see quot. ΚΠ 1728 E. Chambers Cycl. at Pen Dutch Pens, are those made of Quills which have been passed thro' hot Ashes, to take off the grosser Fat and Moisture thereof. Dutch pink n. [pink n.⁵] a yellow lake pigment; (also slang) blood. ΚΠ 1759 Ann. Reg. 1758 111/1 The colouring used..is supposed to be Dutch pink, which will make bohea tee of a fine green. 1835 G. Field Chromatogr. ix. 84 Dutch Pink, English and Italian Pinks, are sufficiently absurd names of yellow colours prepared by dyeing, whitening, &c. with vegetal yellow tinctures, in the manner of rose pink, from which they borrow their name. 1854 ‘C. Bede’ Further Adventures Mr. Verdant Green (ed. 2) iv. 31 That'll take the bark from your nozzle, and distil the Dutch pink for you, won't it? 1861 A. Pratt Flowering Plants & Ferns Great Brit. I. 67 To the juices of this yellow weed [Reseda luteola] the artist owes the colour called Dutch pink. 1881 J. Bell Anal. Foods i. 22 The leaves were slightly coloured with Dutch pink to impart a bloom. 1969 R. Mayer Dict. Art Terms & Techniques 296/2 Pink... The term was also used in the past for several yellow lakes of vegetable origin, such as Dutch pink. Dutch pins n. a form of nine-pins or skittles. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > sport > types of sport or game > ball game > ninepins or ten-pins > [noun] kaylesc1325 skaylesa1566 ninepins1580 pin1580 skittles1634 kittle-pins1649 skayle-pins1656 nine pegs1675 four corners1730 Dutch pins1801 Dutch rubbers1801 long bowling1801 ten-pins1807 squails1847 ten-pin bowling1934 1801 J. Strutt Glig-gamena Angel-ðeod iii. vii. §10 Dutch-pins is a pastime much resembling skittles; but the pins are taller and slenderer, especially in the middle pin, which is higher than the rest, and called the king-pin. 1809 Sporting Mag. 34 236 A match at Dutch-pins for 100 guineas. Dutch pump n. see quot. ΚΠ 1867 W. H. Smyth & E. Belcher Sailor's Word-bk. Dutch pump, a punishment so contrived that, if the prisoner would not pump hard, he was drowned. Dutch roll n. (a) a roll in ice-skating, executed by gliding with the feet parallel and pressing alternately on the edges of each foot; (b) Aeronautics (see quot. 1960). ΚΠ 1893 Durham Univ. Jrnl. 10 103 Others have in spite of honourable endeavour been obliged to content themselves with mediocre achievement and Dutch roll. 1939 Jrnl. Royal Aeronaut. Soc. 43 795 Lateral oscillations, or ‘Dutch roll’, as they are sometimes called. 1960 Electronic Engin. 32 407 A ‘dutch roll’ is the characteristic short period lateral oscillation of an aircraft, involving yaw, roll and sideslip, which is excited either by rudder application, or a lateral gust. Dutch rubbers n. = Dutch pins n. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > sport > types of sport or game > ball game > ninepins or ten-pins > [noun] kaylesc1325 skaylesa1566 ninepins1580 pin1580 skittles1634 kittle-pins1649 skayle-pins1656 nine pegs1675 four corners1730 Dutch pins1801 Dutch rubbers1801 long bowling1801 ten-pins1807 squails1847 ten-pin bowling1934 1801 J. Strutt Glig-gamena Angel-ðeod iii. vii. §4. 238 Some call this game [long-bowling] Dutch-rubbers. Dutch sauce n. a sauce served with fish; = Hollandaise n. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > food > additive > sauce or dressing > [noun] > sauces for fish Dutch sauce1573 ramolade1702 fish-sauce1728 Hollandaise sauce1841 tartar sauce1855 Holland sauce1877 Marie Rose1920 meunière sauce1984 1573 C. Hollyband French Schoole-maister 124 Will you eate of a Pike with a high dutche sauce? 1893 T. F. Garrett & W. A. Rawson Encycl. Pract. Cookery II. 387/2 Dutch or Holland Sauce (à la Hollandaise). 1955 Oxf. Junior Encycl. XI. 396/2 Hollandaise (or Dutch sauce) is made entirely of butter emulsified with egg-yolks and lemon juice—a sort of butter mayonnaise served warm. Dutch tile n. a kind of glazed tile frequently painted in colours. ΚΠ 1728 E. Chambers Cycl. at Tyle Flemish or Dutch Tyles, are of two Kinds, ancient and modern.—The first were used for Chimney-foot Foot-paces... The modern Flemish Tyles are commonly used, plaister'd up in the Jaumbs of Chimneys, instead of Chimney-Corner-stones. 1753 H. Walpole Let. 12 June (1903) III. 168 A cool little hall..hung with paper to imitate Dutch tiles. 1843 C. Dickens Christmas Carol i. 23 The fire-place..paved..with quaint Dutch tiles. 1862 D. G. Rossetti Let. 9 Jan. (1965) II. 435 I have had the fireplace covered with real old blue glazed Dutch tiles. 1957 Granta 9 Mar. 19/3 He walked over the steeply pitched, loose Dutch tiles of the roofs as if he were on a dance-floor. 1968 L. O'Donnell Face of Crime i. 11 The fireplace faced with authentic Dutch tiles in the traditional pale lavender depicting scenes from the Bible. Dutch white n. a pigment consisting of one part of white lead and three parts of barium sulphate. ΚΠ 1886 H. C. Standage Artists' Man. Pigments i. 5 White lead (known also as Ceruse, Cremnitz, Dutch, Flemish, Hamburg, Venetian, or Roman White). Dutch wife n. (see quots. and Compounds 2). ΚΠ 1891 J. S. Farmer Slang II. 349 Dutch-wife, a bolster. 1965 W. Young Eros Denied xxvii. 271 We call..a masturbation machine a Dutch husband or wife. 1966 ‘G. Black’ You want to die, Johnny? vi. 114 ‘What's this great long bolster for?..’ ‘Colonial invention. For the hated Imperialists. Known as a Dutch wife.’ 1967 Guardian 19 May 9/6 He will liberate man from dependence on the opposite sex by constructing what seems to be known in Japan as a ‘Dutch Wife’; a kind of life-size mechanical doll with built-in electric heating and all the other refinements. C2. Characteristic of or attributed to the Dutch; often with an opprobrious or derisive application, largely due to the rivalry and enmity between the English and Dutch in the 17th cent.Often with allusion to the drinking habits ascribed to the ‘Dutch’; also to the broad heavy figures attributed to the Netherlanders, or to their flat-bottomed vessels. Sometimes little more than = foreign, un-English. a. Dutch auction n. see auction n. ΘΚΠ society > trade and finance > selling > a public sale > [noun] > auction > Dutch auction mock auction1770 rig1825 Dutch auction1859 run-out1934 1859 G. A. Sala Twice round Clock 21 The sale is conducted on the principle of what is termed a ‘Dutch auction’, purchasers not being allowed to inspect the fish in the doubles before they bid. 1872 Daily Tel. 30 Nov. (Farmer) The old Dutch auction, by which an article was put up at a high price, and, if nobody accepted the offer, then reduced to a lower, the sum first required being gradually decreased until a fair value was attained. Dutch auctioneer n. ΚΠ 1830 Virginia Lit. Museum 632 A Dutch auctioneer, whose practice is to set up his wares at the highest price, and thence bid downwards till he meets with a purchaser. Dutch bargain n. see bargain n.¹ ΚΠ 1654 R. Whitlock Ζωοτομία 28 The contract..is not (like Dutch Bargains) made in Drinke. Dutch comfort n. ΚΠ 1796 Grose's Classical Dict. Vulgar Tongue (ed. 3) Dutch Comfort, thank God it is no worse. Dutch concert n. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > the arts > music > performing music > a performance > [noun] > concert > types of Philharmonic concert1740 benefit-concert1759 chamber concert1760 recital1762 Dutch concert1774 concert performance1777 philharmonica1796 musical soirée1821 sacred concert1832 soirée musicale1836 promenade concert1839 pianoforte recital1840 ballad concert1855 piano recital1855 Monday pop1862 Pop1862 promenade1864 popular1865 Schubertiad1869 recitative1873 organ recital1877 pop concert1880 smoker1887 smoke concert1888 café concert1891 prom1902 smoke-ho1918 smoking-concert1934 hootenanny1940 opry1940 Liederabend1958 1774 D. Barrington in Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 63 267 What is commonly called a Dutch concert, when several tunes are played together. Dutch consolation n. ΚΠ 1867 W. H. Smyth & E. Belcher Sailor's Word-bk. Dutch consolation. ‘Whatever ill befalls you, there's somebody that's worse’; or ‘It's very unfortunate, but thank God it's no worse’. 1888 All Year Round 9 June 542 (Farmer) The expression often heard, ‘Thank Heaven, it is no worse’, is sometimes called Dutch consolation. Dutch courage n. Dutch defence n. ΚΠ 1749 H. Fielding Tom Jones III. ix. v. 351 I am afraid Mr. Jones maintained a Kind of Dutch Defence, and treacherously delivered up the Garrison without duly weighing his Allegiance to the fair Sophia. View more context for this quotation Dutch feast n. ΚΠ a1684 J. Evelyn Diary anno 1682 (1955) IV. 296 I was exceedingly afraide of Drinking, (it being a Dutch feast). 1785 F. Grose Classical Dict. Vulgar Tongue Dutch feast, where the entertainer gets drunk before his guests. Dutch gleek n. Dutch nightingale n. Dutch palate n. ΚΠ 1687 J. Norris Coll. Misc. To Rdr. sig. a4^v Fit only for a Tavern entertainment, and that too among Readers of a Dutch palate. Dutch reckoning n. (see quots.). ΚΠ 1699 B. E. New Dict. Canting Crew Dutch-Reckoning, or Alte-mall, a verbal or Lump-account without particulars. 1724 J. Swift Let. to People of Ireland 19 A Dutch Reckoning, where if you dispute the Unreasonableness and Exorbitance of the Bill, the Landlord shall bring it up every Time with new Additions. 1814 Forgery ii. ii, in J. Galt New Brit. Theatre I. 449 Come, we'll have a Dutch reckoning to-night, for we will share the dust, or see them shopp'd [= put in prison]. 1867 W. H. Smyth & E. Belcher Sailor's Word-bk. Dutch reckoning, a bad day's work, all in the wrong. Dutch uncle (see quots.). ΘΚΠ the mind > attention and judgement > judgement or decision > advice > [noun] > adviser or counsellor redesmanOE counsellor?c1225 reder1340 guidec1385 patronc1400 counselc1405 nurse?a1425 dresserc1450 guidant1495 adviser1575 advisor1589 manuducent1615 consiliary1652 manuductor1657 Dutch uncle1838 referent1844 consultee1855 mantri1873 advisory1880 consigliere1981 1838 J. C. Neal Charcoal Sketches 201 If you keep a cutting didoes, I must talk to you both like a Dutch uncle. 1853 Notes & Queries 1st Ser. 7 65/2 In some parts of America, when a person has determined to give another a regular lecture, he will often be heard to say, ‘I will talk to him like a Dutch uncle’; that is, he shall not escape this time. 1869 East Anglian 3 350 There were the squires on the bench, but I took heart, and talked to 'em like a Dutch uncle. 1873 A. Helps Some Talk about Animals & their Masters v. 131 Milverton..began reasoning with the boys; talking to them like a Dutch uncle..about their cruelty. 1962 Economist 29 Sept. 1213/3 There is ‘Dutch auction’, ‘Dutch uncle’, to eat out ‘Dutch’ with one's friends, and many more. Dutch widow n. see quots. ΚΠ 1608 T. Middleton Trick to catch Old-one iii. sig. E2 Hoo. What is that Florence? a widdow! Dra. Yes a duch widdow. Hoo. How? Dra. Thats an English drab sir. b. Dutch act n. (see sense B. 4 below) Dutch lunch n. (see Dutch treat n.) ΚΠ 1904 Columbus (Ohio) Disp. 21 Aug. Dancing was enjoyed by all as was the Dutch lunch which was partaken of at intervals during the evening. 1954 J. Symons Narrowing Circle xxv. 107 ‘Shall we make this a Dutch lunch?’..He was all there when it came to money. Dutch party n. (see Dutch treat n.) ΚΠ 1927 Observer 8 May 13/3 Dutch parties are rather more elaborate, in that while the hostess provides the dance floor, music, table, service, and cutlery, her friends bring along the drinks and the viands, raiding their family cellars and larders. Dutch supper n. (see Dutch treat n.) ΚΠ 1904 Dallas Morning News 10 Sept. 6 Depriving themselves of money they need to buy plug-cut and Dutch suppers with. Dutch treat n. (originally U.S.), one at which each person contributes his or her own share. ΚΠ 1887 Lippincott's Monthly Mag. Aug. 191 ‘You'll come along too, won't you?’ Lancelot demanded of Ormizon. ‘Dutch treat vous savez.’ 1937 Sunday Express 14 Feb. 25/3 Are you a ‘Dutch treat’ addict? (In a Dutch treat every one buys his or her own drinks.) 1945 ‘L. Lewis’ Birthday Murder (1951) iii. 39 It's Dutch treat; he pays his own way and makes the women pay theirs. 1958 ‘A. Gilbert’ Death against Clock 81 We arranged to go to the pictures next night. Dutch treat. Dutch wife n. an open frame of ratan or cane used in the Dutch Indies, etc. to rest the limbs upon in bed. C3. Parasynthetic and adverbial, as Dutch-bellied, Dutch-built, Dutch-buttocked (see note to Compounds 2); Dutch-cut (like yews, etc. in Dutch gardening). ΚΠ 1672 R. Wild Let. Declar. Liberty Conscience 7 Such a Dutch-bellied, blundering, boreal Month as this March. 1676 Rep. French Capers 4 Aug. in A. Marvell Acct. Growth Popery (1678) 59 Whether (as is imputed) all the Ships taken are Dutch built? 1823 T. Moore Fables Holy Alliance ii. 8 Some wished them tall; some thought your dumpy, Dutch-built the true Legitimate. 1868 C. Darwin Variation Animals & Plants II. xii. 8 The farmers continued to select cattle with large hind-quarters, until they made a strain called ‘Dutch-buttocked’. 1893 T. C. Finlayson Ess. 97 Many allow themselves to be ‘Dutch-cut’. Derivatives ˈDutchlike adj. ΚΠ 1889 J. J. Hissey Tour in Phaeton 203 Flat Dutchlike country. ˈDutchly adv. in a Dutch fashion, like the Dutch. ΚΠ 1599 H. Buttes Dyets Dry Dinner sig. Pv On English foole: wanton Italianly:..Duchly drink: breath Indianly. 1818 W. Allston in W. Irving Life & Lett. (1864) I. 397 Impenetrably, and most Dutchly grave. Draft additions August 2007 double Dutch adv. and n. (also with lower-case initial in the second element) North American (a) adv. (of rope-skipping) over two ropes turned in sequence; (b) n. a rope-skipping game in which two ropes are used; cf. sense B. 2b. ΚΠ 1895 Harper's Mag. Feb. 421/2 He skipped ‘slow-poker’, ‘pepper-salt’, and ‘double Dutch’ in Tompkins Square on Saturdays. 1947 Jrnl. Amer. Folklore 60 31 ‘Double Dutch’, where two ropes were used and turned inwardly by two girls, each of whom held a rope in each hand. 1988 S. Lee Do the Right Thing (film script, 2nd draft) in S. Lee & L. Jones Do the Right Thing (1989) 189 (stage direct.) The streets are filled with kids playing. We see stoop ball, double dutch. 2004 M. M. Lewis Scars of Soul ii. viii. 135 The ladies jumping double-dutch..easily fall into step with the same culturally distinct rhymes from girlhood, skipping through the synchronized swinging ropes. Draft additions September 2018 Dutch angle n. Cinematography a camera shot which is tilted so the frame is not level, esp. used to portray disorientation, tension, or unease.The technique was apparently introduced by German Expressionist film-makers: Dutch here is used to mean ‘German’ (cf. sense A. 1). ΘΚΠ society > communication > broadcasting > television > production of television broadcast > [noun] > shot > types of shot long shot1858 close-up1913 medium shot1925 travelling shot1927 medium close-up1933 reverse angle1933 three-shot1934 tilt shot1934 reaction shot1937 tracking shot1940 Dutch angle1947 two-shot1949 mid shot1953 freeze1960 freeze-frame1960 freeze-shot1960 frozen-frame1960 pack shot1960 noddy1982 arc shot1989 society > leisure > the arts > performance arts > cinematography > filming > shot > [noun] > types of long shot1858 glass shot1908 close-up1913 aerial shot1920 angle shot1922 medium shot1925 far-away1926 travelling shot1927 zoom1930 zoom shot1930 process shot1931 close-medium shot1933 medium close-up1933 reverse angle1933 reverse shot1934 three-shot1934 tilt shot1934 medium-close shot1937 reaction shot1937 tracking shot1940 pan shot1941 stock shot1941 Dutch angle1947 cheat shot1948 establishing shot1948 master-scene1948 trucking shot1948 two-shot1949 bridging shot1951 body shot1952 library shot1953 master shot1953 mid shot1953 MS1953 pullback1957 MCU1959 noddy1982 arc shot1989 pop shot1993 1947 Television Mar. 34/2 Dutch angle—Any shot which is purposely somewhat distorted by..shooting on an oblique angle. 2016 Toronto Star (Nexis) 26 Mar. e2 Lightning edits, Dutch angles, auditory overkill and lots of distortion made the series often seem as if it were transmitting from another universe. Draft additions September 2021 Dutch baby n. (also with capital initial in the second element) originally and chiefly U.S. (originally) a type of small pancake; (now) a large, puffy pancake similar to a Yorkshire pudding, baked in a skillet and typically served as a sweet breakfast dish with toppings such as fruit or sugar; also more fully Dutch baby pancake. [The name apparently arose in the United States. It is uncertain whether the allusion originally intended was to the Netherlands or Germany (compare sense A. 1, and also quot. 1927).] ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > food > dishes and prepared food > pancake, tortilla, or oatcake > [noun] > pancake froise1338 pancakea1400 flawnc1400 crust-rollc1430 pancake wisea1500 flapjack1620 torteau1625 egg-fraise1693 wafer pancake1769 flamm1819 blini1842 leather-jacket1846 round robin1847 Pfannkuchen1856 palacinka1884 blintz1903 latke1909 crêpe Suzette1922 Dutch baby1927 spring roll1927 Palatschinken1929 egg roll1938 tostada1945 crêpe1951 ploye1959 palacsinta1964 pancake roll1967 appam1972 popiah1975 uthappam1976 1927 Mixer & Server 15 Mar. 44/2 I learned that..‘Dutch babies’ were small German pancakes. 1945 Sunset Feb. 23/1 Beat egg and cream; add..flour, salt, and baking powder... This makes one Dutch Baby. 1993 St. Louis (Missouri) Post-Dispatch (Nexis) 6 July 1 (caption) Top a Dutch baby with blueberry sauce. 2020 Innisfail (Austral.) Advocate (Nexis) 18 Mar. 15 This golden Dutch baby pancake is perfect for a weekend brunch. Draft additions 1993 Dutch light n. Horticulture a cold frame in which the glass is a single large pane; also, the glass itself. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > farming > gardening > equipment and buildings > [noun] > greenhouse or glass-house > glazed compartment or window in sash1707 light1721 Dutch light1939 1939 Amateur Gardening 18 Feb. (Suppl.) p. xx/1 (advt.) Dutch Lights are extremely useful for all gardeners and give abundant light with little shadow. 1950 W. E. Shewell-Cooper Compl. Gardener vii. i. 581 Dutch lights are much used for lettuces, early carrots..for growing violets and hurrying along various bulbs. 1986 Horticulture Week 28 Mar. 13/2 I carelessly left the half empty packet of seed on a Dutch light covering a nearby frame. Draft additions December 2005 Dutch pot n.¹ (a) an earthenware cooking vessel of a type associated with the Netherlands; (b) chiefly Jamaican an iron cooking pot, used for roasting, baking, and frying (cf. dutchie n.). ΚΠ 1640 W. Lithgow Totall Disc. Trav. (rev. ed.) x. 435 And whensoeuer these parties meete, their parting is Dane-like from a Dutch Pot, and the Minister stil purse bearer, defrayeth all charges for the Priest. 1794 F. Spilsbury Art Etching & Aqua Tinting 28 Take one ounce of fine carmine, boil it in a clean earthen ware Dutch pot. 1930 Daily Gleaner (Kingston, Jamaica) 26 Sept. 6/5 A man..shewed him accused's room... There they found..one stove, one dutch pot [etc.]. 1975 Times 19 June 12/4 The biggest of Pearsons' traditional Dutch pots holds 8 pints. 2001 A. Wheatle East of Acre Lane 180 Get your backside down from der before I conk you wid de Dutch pot. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1897; most recently modified version published online June 2022). dutchv. Etymology: < Dutch adj. transitive. To clarify and harden (quills) by plunging them in heated sand or rapidly passing them through a fire. ΘΚΠ society > communication > writing > writing materials > writing instrument > [verb (transitive)] > harden quills dutch1763 1763 London Chron. 3–6 Sept. 231/1 (advt.) The whole art of Dutching, Clarifying, and Making of Quills perfectly clear and hard. 1768 Woman of Honor III. 215 Hardened like a quill, by being Dutched. 1837 N. Whittock et al. Compl. Bk. Trades (1842) 373 We imported vast quantities of quills from Hamburgh, Rotterdam, etc., and these were clarified or Dutched. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1897; most recently modified version published online December 2019). < n.²a1889adj.n.¹adv.c1380v.1763
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dutchn.2

Dutchadj.n.1adv.

Compounds

Derivatives

Draft additions August 2007

Draft additions September 2018

Draft additions September 2021

Draft additions 1993

Draft additions December 2005

dutchv.

dutchn.²

Dutchadj.n.¹adv.