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单词 douzepers
释义

douzepersn.

Brit. /ˈduːzpɛːz/, U.S. /ˈduzˌpɛ(ə)rz/
Forms:

α. (In plural form) Middle English doȝze pers, Middle English dosȝe perys, Middle English dosiperes, Middle English dosipers, Middle English dosiperus, Middle English dosse pers, Middle English dosseperes, Middle English dosseperez, Middle English dosze-peres, Middle English doþþe peres, Middle English doþþeperen, Middle English doþþepers, Middle English douȝ piers, Middle English dousȝepeeris, Middle English douspiers, Middle English douspyers, Middle English dousse pers, Middle English doussepyers, Middle English doussypers, Middle English dozepeers, Middle English dozepers, Middle English ducheperes, Middle English duchepers, Middle English dugeperes, Middle English dugepers, Middle English duȝperis, Middle English duseperis, Middle English dusperes, Middle English duspers, Middle English dusse-pers, Middle English dusseperes, Middle English dussepers, Middle English dussiperes, Middle English dusze pers, Middle English duze pers, Middle English duzepers, Middle English duzsipiers, Middle English duzze peers, Middle English duzze peres, Middle English–1500s douseperes, Middle English–1500s dousepers, 1500s dowsepers, 1500s dowsepiers, 1500s dowsipers, 1500s dozeperys, 1500s dyssypers, 1600s doucepeeres, 1600s douze peeres, 1800s douceperes, 1800s 2000s– douze peers, 1900s– douzepers; also Scottish pre-1700 doux-peers, pre-1700 douze pers, pre-1700 douzepeiris, pre-1700 douzepeirs, pre-1700 douzeperis, pre-1700 douzepers, pre-1700 dowchsperys, pre-1700 dowsy peiris, pre-1700 dowze peris, pre-1700 duchepeiris, pre-1700 ducheperis, pre-1700 duk peris, pre-1700 duk-peris, pre-1700 dutchpeeres; N.E.D. (1897) also records the forms early Middle English dozze pers, late Middle English ducypers, late Middle English duseperys.

β. (In singular form) early Middle English duzeper, Middle English doþþeper, Middle English dozepiere, Middle English dusse per, late Middle English doseper, 1500s doucepere, 1500s dowsypere, 1800s douçepere; Scottish pre-1700 douch-spere; N.E.D. (1897) also records a form late Middle English duzepere.

Origin: A borrowing from French. Etymon: French douze pers.
Etymology: < Anglo-Norman and Old French .xii. pers, Old French doze per, duze per, doze pers, duze pers, duze piers, Old French, Middle French douze pers, Middle French douse pers, plural (Middle French, French douze pairs , plural; in Anglo-Norman and Middle French also often with the first element represented by a Roman numeral, e.g. .xii. pers ) the twelve peers of Charlemagne's court (c1100), the twelve elite noblemen to whom the King of France granted a feudal territory or episcopal see (early 13th cent.) < doze , douze , duze , etc. ‘twelve’ (see dozen n.) + the plural of per , pier peer n.Forms with medial i or y show that the stem was sometimes trisyllabic. Some later α. forms show folk-etymological alteration of the first element, e.g. (after duke n.) duk peris, duk-peris, (after Dutch adj.) dutchpeeres. The β. forms show inferred singulars which apparently arose within English.
Now rare (archaic and historical in later use).
1. Usually with plural agreement. In Medieval French romance: the twelve peers or most famed warriors of Charlemagne's court (see paladin n.). Hence in French history: the twelve elite noblemen to whom the King of France granted a feudal territory or episcopal see on condition of homage and allegiance, regarded as analogous to Charlemagne's peers. Also in singular douzeper: any one of these peers or noblemen.The twelve historical peers were the Archbishop-Duke of Rheims; the Bishop-Dukes of Laon and Langres; the Bishop-Counts of Beauvais, Chalons, and Noyon; the Dukes of Normandy, Burgundy, and Aquitaine; and the Counts of Toulouse, Flanders, and Champagne.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > emotion > courage > heroism > [noun] > host of noble warriors
douthOE
douzepersc1275
the Argive Seven1646
society > society and the community > social class > nobility > rank > lord or lady > [noun] > peer or lord of parliament > who possessed territory in France > body of peers in France > one of peers of France
douzepersc1275
peer1488
paladin1592
c1275 (?a1200) Laȝamon Brut (Calig.) (1963) l. 813 Twelfe iferan. þa Freinsce heo cleopeden dusze pers [c1300 Otho dosseperes].
a1300 Passion our Lord l. 3 in R. Morris Old Eng. Misc. (1872) 37 Nis hit nouht of karlemeyne ne of þe Duzeper.
a1350 in R. H. Robbins Hist. Poems 14th & 15th Cent. (1959) 11 Þe kyng of fraunce..anon assemblede he is [i.e. his] dousse pers.
c1400 Brut (Rawl. B. 171) 187 Kyng Edward shulde lese þe Duchee of Gascoign, þrouȝ Kyng Philipp of Fraunce, þrouȝ false castyng of þe Dosseperez of De lond.
c1450 (?a1400) Sege Melayne (1880) l. 808 Erles, Dukes, & þe xij duchepers, Bothe barons and Bachelers.
?1504 S. Hawes Example of Vertu sig. cc.viv Charlemayne kynge of Fraunce With his dyssypers Rowland and Olyuer.
1523 Ld. Berners tr. J. Froissart Cronycles I. f. xiiv/2 He was crowned by the assent of the .xii. dowsepiers [Fr. douze pers] of Fraunce.
1568 A. Scott Poems (1896) 9 Wes not so duchty deidis Amangis the dowsy peiris.
1615 R. Tofte in tr. B. Varchi Blazon of Iealousie 29 (margin) This Bradamanta..was sister to Rinaldo, one of the douze Peeres of France.
1828 W. Scott Fair Maid of Perth iv, in Chron. Canongate 2nd Ser. II. 127 Oliver, man? nay, then thou art one of the Douze peers already.
1864 W. W. Skeat tr. J. L. Uhland Songs & Ballads 350 King Charles with all his doucëperes Across the ocean sailed.
1952 PMLA 67 536 The Princess Floripas is represented as showing the Passion Relics to the douzepers who are besieged with her in the tower at Egremore.
2009 G. Barnes in H. Fulton Compan. Arthurian Lit. (2012) xiii. 193 In Erex saga, the hero is introduced with resonances of Charlemagne's douze peers as one of Arthur's ‘twelve wise men and counsellors’.
2. More generally: knights, nobles, or illustrious people renowned for their heroism and chivalry. Also in singular douzeper: a knight or illustrious person.
ΘΚΠ
society > society and the community > social class > nobility > [noun] > noble person or man
earleOE
wyeOE
freeOE
nobleman?c1225
athelc1275
noblec1325
douzepersc1330
freelya1350
hathela1350
gentlec1400
nobleness1490
gentle blood1575
comes1583
altezza1595
birth1596
nobility1841
the mind > attention and judgement > esteem > reputation > fame or renown > famous or eminent person > [noun]
kingeOE
master-spiritc1175
douzepersc1330
sire1362
worthya1375
lantern1382
sira1400
greatc1400
noblec1400
persona1425
lightc1425
magnate?a1439
worthyman1439
personagec1460
giant1535
honourablec1540
triedc1540
magnifico1573
ornament1573
signor1583
hero1592
grandee1604
prominent1608
name1611
magnificent1612
choice spirita1616
illustricity1637
luminary1692
lion1715
swell1786
notable1796
top-sawyer1826
star1829
celebrity1831
notability1832
notoriety1841
mighty1853
tycoon1861
reputation1870
public figure1871
star turn1885
headliner1896
front-pager1899
legend1899
celeb1907
big name1909
big-timer1917
Hall of Famer1948
megastar1969
c1330 Otuel (Auch.) (1882) l. 926 Þo cam a soudan, stout & firs, On of garsies duzze peers.
a1450 York Plays (1885) 219 Nowdir with duke nor dugeperes.
c1450 (a1375) Octavian (Calig.) (1979) l. 949 Ferst þey sent out a doseper.
?1548 J. Bale Image Bothe Churches (new ed.) i. vi. sig. K.viv Prelates, priestes, monkes, doctours, and other spyrituall dowsipers.
1590 E. Spenser Faerie Queene iii. x. sig. Mm5 Big looking like a doughty Doucepere.
1872 J. Payne Songs Life & Death 96 The king's tall knightly sons Ride through the aisles, with many a douçepere.
1967 W. R. Manchester Death of President 47 It was time for photographs, and douzepers mustn't appear to be publicity hogs.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2018; most recently modified version published online June 2022).
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n.c1275
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