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单词 dress
释义

dressn.

Brit. /drɛs/, U.S. /drɛs/
Forms: see dress v.
Origin: Formed within English, by conversion. Etymon: dress v.
Etymology: < dress v. Compare earlier dressing n.With sense 2 compare earlier redress n.
I. The action of dress v. (in various senses).
1. Activity, conduct, behaviour. Obsolete (in later use Scottish).In quot. a1450 probably: spec. (severe) treatment.
ΘΚΠ
the world > action or operation > behaviour > [noun]
tightc888
workOE
laitsc1225
rule?c1225
guise1303
conditionsc1374
actiona1393
governancea1393
governailc1425
port?a1439
fashion1447
dressa1450
governinga1450
walkingc1450
abearing?1454
deport1474
behaving1482
dealing1484
guidinga1500
demeanoura1513
behaviour?1521
walk?1567
daps1582
courses1592
deportment1601
behave?1615
deportation1616
containment1619
conduct1673
haviour1752
daddyism1984
a1450 Castle Perseverance (1969) l. 3446 Leve systyr, lete be þi dresse. To saue man lete vs fonde!
1567 Gude & Godlie Ballatis (1897) 210 Quhy war ȝe sa vnnaturall,..Tripartit and deuydit him, At ȝour dum dres?
?a1600 ( R. Sempill Legend Bischop St. Androis in J. Cranstoun Satirical Poems Reformation (1891) I. xlv. 378 Daylie we may se his dress, When Monseir gaid vnto his mess.
2. Scottish. The action of redressing or setting to rights; a means or an instance of this. Obsolete.
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the world > action or operation > amending > [noun] > putting right a wrong or loss
rightingOE
amendsa1393
restitution1395
reformation1405
reparation1405
redress1448
restaurationa1513
reparating1517
dress1549
refoundiment1555
reparelment1584
resarciation?1609
repair1612
redressment1643
retrievinga1680
redressing1712
1549 in A. I. Cameron Sc. Corr. Mary of Lorraine (1927) 318 The erll of Huntle spak wyth the lord Ruthven for gud dres of this slachtir committit laitiie.
1565 in P. F. Tytler Hist. Scotl. (1864) III. 404 The Earls..haue received their dress, and so are in quiet.
c1570 J. Leslie Hist. Scotl. (1830) 82 He send..ane harald..with lettres requiring dres for the slauchter of Andro Bartane.
3. Scottish. The action of arranging or putting in order; ordering, disposition; an instance of this, an arrangement, a settlement. Obsolete.
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the world > action or operation > doing > activity or occupation > [noun] > conduct of affairs or dealing with
dressingc1350
handlinga1400
conduct1454
dale1469
orderinga1549
dress1559
convoy1565
management1598
politics1749
approach1905
1559 in J. E. A. Dawson Campbell Lett. (1997) 63 We ar in yir partis for dress of our cuntre and hes commonit with our freindis off quhame we haif found sic dress as we haif requyrit.
a1572 J. Knox Hist. Reformation Scotl. (1587) 365 To enter in the dresse of such affaires.
1599 in D. Masson Reg. Privy Council Scotl. (1884) 1st Ser. VI. 59 Being cairfull to have sum ressonabell dres and ordour tane.
1623 in R. Pitcairn Criminal Trials Scotl. (1833) III. 543 To recommend to ȝour Lo. the settling of that ffeid by some amicabill and freindlie dresse.
4. The action or an act of dressing a wound; the dressing applied. Obsolete.
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the world > health and disease > healing > medical treatment > treatment by topical applications > [noun] > dressing wound
dressing1525
pansing1576
dress1679
pansement1842
longuette1939
1679 J. Yonge Currus Triumphalis 19 Especially when large Vessels are wounded..they fear to loose or remove either Ligature, or dress, until the second or third..day.
1684 tr. T. Bonet Guide Pract. Physician iii. 76/2 In about six weeks from the first dress the Skull scaled.
1782 W. Cowper Progress of Error in Poems 56 Her form with dress and lotion they repair.
5. The action of clothing or arraying oneself, esp. elegantly or fashionably for a formal occasion. Now archaic.
ΘΚΠ
the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > providing with clothing > [noun]
clothingc1175
buskingc1330
shriding1340
dressingc1350
attiringa1375
enparelling1496
apparelling?1544
reparelling1579
induition1584
accoutrementa1616
suitinga1637
investiture1651
dress1680
investment1798
garbing1862
kitting1919
1680 C. Blount in tr. Philostratus Life Apollonius Tyaneus i. xviii. 108 She..went immediately to besiege the Town, and totally reduced it, before she gave her self time to finish the dress of her head.
1739 G. Ogle Gualtherus & Griselda 107 Be ever on the Dress, and on the Rove.
1778 F. Burney Evelina III. xi. 121 She and Mrs. Selwyn were gone up stairs to finish their dress.
1814 L.-M. Hawkins Rosanne II. xxxiii. 93 She..finished her dress with impatience.
1850 Chance & Choice i. 47 The children were accustomed, before leaving their bedroom, or even finishing their dress, to have their breakfast brought to them.
2012 S. Robey Savannah Rose 359 Fanning completed his dress and went down to the dining room.
II. A garment or garments, and related senses.
6.
a. An outer garment or suit of garments appropriate to a particular occasion, function, profession, etc., and generally serving a decorative as well as a social function; an outfit (worn by either sex). Formerly also: †any sort of personal adornment (obsolete). Now rare.This sense has been largely displaced by sense 6b.
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the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > types or styles of clothing > [noun] > for specific purpose > other
dress1539
khilat1684
sweaters1828
tropicals1880
trade dress1887
sportswear1903
rat-catcher1910
rainwear1913
beach-wear1928
transitioner1941
camouflage1945
warm-up1949
buoyancy garment1962
athleisure1976
1539 in J. B. Paul Accts. Treasurer Scotl. (1907) VII. 149 Dresses to the Erle of Levenar twa sisters,..twa govnys of freis.
a1595 R. Southwell Humble Supplication (1600) 15 God added grace & beautie to her youthful dresses, to further her iust reuenge vpon her enimies.
1600 W. Vaughan Golden-groue ii. xi. sig. N8 Parentes must not permit their children to weare gorgeous attires or newfangled dresses, but rather declare vnto them the vanity thereof.
1623 G. Fletcher Reward of Faithfull 262 Nor was it a miracle to see rich mens daughters (vnacquainted with new tires, and most fashionable dresses) busie themselues in laborious..work.
1663 T. Porter Villain iii. i. 57 Fran. I fear the humour is not All a Mode at Balls, Sir. Bout. No more is the dress of your head, Madam.
1668 C. Sedley Mulberry-garden i. i. 1 Is that a Dress for my elder Brother, and a Reverend Justice?
1711 J. Addison Spectator No. 69. ¶4 The single Dress of a Woman of Quality is often the Product of a hundred Climates.
1719 Free-thinker No. 158. 2 A Cluster of smart Men, in tawdry Dresses, with little Rapiers.
1773 O. Goldsmith She stoops to Conquer ii. 23 Changing our travelling dresses in the morning.
1804 Trial Lockhart Gordon & Loudoun Gordon in L. H. Gordon Apol. Conduct Gordons 127 She did not alter her dress, which was a muslin gown, with small crape on her head.
1813 Rep. Proc. Commissions County York 172 She saw what kind of face he had, and what kind of a dress, and she describes him as having a great dark-coloured top coat on.
1857 J. Ruskin Polit. Econ. Art i. 74 No good historical painting..can exist, where the dresses of the people of the time are not beautiful.
1938 J. D. Craig Danger is my Business ii. iii. 178 The canvas of a diver's dress, or the metal of a diver's shoe, are not food for the octopus.
2002 East & West 52 250 One observes some where a pair of male figures is painted, and in some cases, these figures wear foreign dresses.
b. A one-piece garment designed for a woman or girl, typically covering the body and extending down over the legs in a skirt. Cf. gown n. 1b. (Now the usual sense.)ball-dress, christening-dress, cocktail dress, jumper dress, sheath dress, wedding-dress, etc.: see the first element.Prior to the early 19th cent. gown was used to denote this style of garment (see gown n. 1b). Since such a garment was then the normal article of female clothing, early examples are often ambiguous between this sense and senses 6a, 7.
ΘΚΠ
the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > types or styles of clothing > clothing for body or trunk (and limbs) > [noun] > dress, robe, or gown
robec1225
frock1538
attire1587
gown1716
dress1802
disco1964
1802 Lady's Monthly Museum Oct. 276 The head-dress, bandeau, and bows, of blue ribbon. The dress yellow muslin, with a lace ruff on the neck.
1807 La Belle Assemblée Jan. 612/2 We have seen a dress of Italian crape worn over a pale pink satin slip, ornamented with a border of white bugles in vandyke at the bottom.
1813 E. S. Barrett Heroine I. xi. 199 I purchased a charming scarf, a shawl, a bonnet, two dresses, and a pair of pearl earrings.
1843 Lady's World May 147/2 One of the prettiest feet imaginable peeping from beneath her dress.
1874 Galaxy Oct. 509/2 Even the best bred English ladies have not yet learned that a thin dress should be worn over a petticoat as long as itself.
1931 J. Cannan High Table xi. 168 The mother of the bride wore a handsome dress of oyster satin.
1973 Houston Chron. Mag. People, Places, Pleasures 14 Oct. 24/5 Today the young women wear shorts and hip-huggers, the older sit in their traditional long black dresses.
2014 L. O'Neill Only ever Yours xvi. 172 Darwin told me I looked pretty in my yellow halter-neck dress.
c. A type or piece of fabric intended to be used for making clothing, esp. women's dresses. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
the world > textiles and clothing > textiles > textile fabric or an article of textile fabric > textile fabric > textile fabric for specific purpose > [noun] > for clothing
dress1818
the world > textiles and clothing > textiles > textile fabric or an article of textile fabric > textile fabric > textile fabric for specific purpose > [noun] > for clothing > for dresses
sackcloth1571
sacking1589
sack1595
pelong1675
Polonese1755
dress1818
1818 Weavers' Mag. & Lit. Compan. Nov. 144 The Full Harness Shawls and Dresses, manufactured for the East India market, continue to be made... The Dresses, yard wide, have been reduced in the weaving price.
1830 Freeman's Jrnl. 11 May We are persuaded that, including blue dresses, there cannot be fewer than 2,000 weavers engaged at these fabrics.
1851 Morning Chron. 3 Dec. 6/5 Book muslin, Zebra dresses, pine dresses, bleached mulls, and gauze are dull of sale.
1891 North-eastern Daily Gaz. (Middlesbrough) 20 Mar. (advt.) The Greatest Bargains ever known in Silks, Velvets, Dresses, Shirtings, and Calicoes.
7. Clothes, costume, or personal attire viewed in decorative or social terms; clothing appropriate to or associated with a particular occasion, function, profession, etc. Also spec.: formal wear.academic dress, canonical dress, evening dress, etc.: see the first element. See also battle-dress n., court-dress n., full dress n.
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the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > [noun]
clothesc888
hattersOE
shroudc1000
weedOE
shrouda1122
clothc1175
hatteringa1200
atourc1220
back-clout?c1225
habit?c1225
clothingc1275
cleadinga1300
dubbinga1300
shroudinga1300
attirec1300
coverturec1300
suitc1325
apparel1330
buskingc1330
farec1330
harness1340
tire1340
backs1341
geara1350
apparelmentc1374
attiringa1375
vesturec1385
heelinga1387
vestmentc1386
arraya1400
graitha1400
livery1399
tirementa1400
warnementa1400
arrayment1400
parelc1400
werlec1400
raiment?a1425
robinga1450
rayc1450
implements1454
willokc1460
habiliment1470
emparelc1475
atourement1481
indumenta1513
reparel1521
wearing gear1542
revesture1548
claesc1550
case1559
attirement1566
furniture1566
investuring1566
apparelling1567
dud1567
hilback1573
wear1576
dress1586
enfolding1586
caparison1589
plight1590
address1592
ward-ware1598
garnish1600
investments1600
ditement1603
dressing1603
waith1603
thing1605
vestry1606
garb1608
outwall1608
accoutrementa1610
wearing apparel1617
coutrement1621
vestament1632
vestiment1637
equipage1645
cask1646
aguise1647
back-timbera1656
investiture1660
rigging1664
drapery1686
vest1694
plumage1707
bussingc1712
hull1718
paraphernalia1736
togs1779
body clothing1802
slough1808
toggery1812
traps1813
garniture1827
body-clothes1828
garmenture1832
costume1838
fig1839
outfit1840
vestiture1841
outer womana1845
outward man1846
vestiary1846
rag1855
drag1870
clo'1874
parapherna1876
clobber1879
threads1926
mocker1939
schmatte1959
vine1959
kit1989
1586 in W. A. Craigie Maitland Quarto MS (1920) xxxix. 85 Thir gay gallandis with thair dres and deray.
a1616 W. Shakespeare Antony & Cleopatra (1623) ii. iv. 4 Till I shall see you in your Souldiers dresse . View more context for this quotation
1660 F. Brooke tr. V. Le Blanc World Surveyed 93 The Merchants weare the Turkish dresse.
1729 W. Law Serious Call iv. 62 It is very possible for a man, that is proud of his estate..to disregard his dress, and person.
1768 Woman of Honor I. 15 Dress, carried beyond an elegant neatness, could be of no sort of advantage in the eyes of persons of true taste.
1839 C. Dickens Nicholas Nickleby xix. 172 Your black silk frock will be quite dress enough.
1856 J. A. Froude Hist. Eng. (1858) I. i. 15 Dress..was then the symbol of rank, prescribed by statute.
1868 Daily News 8 Aug. The male dancers were in every variety of costume..none, of course, in anything approaching to ‘dress’.
1925 Woman's World (Chicago) Apr. 29/3 My locket, rings, black collar round my neck..and my silk pompedore shoes completed my dress.
1973 Clearing House 47 306/1 As days passed, I noticed an attempt on Mike's part to improve his style of dress.
2015 J. Ashton At Margin of Empire iv. 83 He was particularly assiduous in recording details of their dress, bodily ornamentation and tattooing.
8. figurative. The outward form under which something is presented, esp. to advantage; guise.
ΘΚΠ
the world > space > relative position > condition of being external > covering > [noun] > a covering > like a garment
weedOE
robec1225
kirtle1398
vestment1483
vesture1526
apron1535
gabardine1542
garment1585
tire1594
dress1608
garb1613
cowl1658
investiture1660
dressing1835
pinafore1845
cloak1876
1608 Bp. J. Hall Epist. I. i. 3 I sawe her [sc. the Catholic Church]..in her gayest dresse: Let my soule neuer prosper, if I could see any thing worthie to commaunde affection.
1612 B. Jonson Alchemist iv. i. sig. H3v We may be said to Want the guilt, and trappings, The dresse of Honor; yet we striue to keepe The seedes, and the Materialls. View more context for this quotation
1661 R. Boyle Some Considerations Style Script. 163 Eloquence, the Dresse of our Thoughts.
1711 J. Gay Present State of Wit 14 In the dress he gives it [sc. Learning], 'tis a most welcome guest at Tea-tables and Assemblies.
1797 Monthly Mag. 3 147 L'Histoire secrette de la Revolution, which work will speedily appear in an English dress.
1837 Trans. 6th Ann. Meeting Western Literary Inst. xvi. 224 These works, in their dress of fiction..are the standard volumes out of which our sons and daughters are to learn morals and virtue.
1877 Monthly Packet Nov. 466 How few of us are prepared..to see truth when it meets us in an unaccustomed dress.
1927 Open Court 41 396 Rime..belongs to the form, the external appearance,—poets call it ‘dress’—of a poem, which is in the same time the innerest substance of poetry. Deprived of this charming dress a poem often becomes ugly and ridiculous.
2010 R. Chicago Captive of Culture Foreword p. vii The faith itself may be recognizably the same, but it appears in the dress of quite distinctive cultures.
9. The external covering or adornment of an animal or thing, as the plumage of birds, the binding of a book, etc.
ΚΠ
1618 G. Chapman tr. Hesiod Georgicks ii. 412 All the trim and dress Of those still-roaring-noise-resounding seas.
1663 F. B. Vercingetorixa 5 As Peacock in a Summer-day Doth swell and brustle in his Gay And painted Dress, and picks his Plumes.
1713 W. Derham Physico-theol. iv. xii. 221 Feathers are as commodious a dress to such as fly in the Air, to Birds, and some Insects.
1785 T. Pennant Arctic Zool. II. 309 Each of the varieties of the Norwegian birds were in their summer dress.
1822 J. Fleming Philos. Zool. II. i. ii. 16 The ermine is another of our native quadrupeds which exhibits in its dress similar changes of colour according to the season.
1871 C. Darwin Descent of Man II. ii. xvi. 190 The adults [sc. birds] in their winter dress.
1932 E. F. Stead Life Hist. N.Z. Birds 87 At his best the cock Banded Dotterel in his breeding dress is an exceedingly handsome bird.
1955 L. A. Fiedler in Kenyon Rev. 17 198 He held in his shrivelled arms the Torah in its dress of blue and silver.
2005 P. Honan Christopher Marlowe ii. iv. 96 Anybody with an interest in plays at Cambridge is likely to have enjoyed St John's College—especially in its winter dress.
III. Technical uses.
10. Architecture. The decorative moulding round a door, arch, etc. Cf. dressing n. 9. Obsolete. rare.
ΘΚΠ
society > leisure > the arts > visual arts > architecture > architectural ornament > [noun] > moulding > projecting moulding(s)
tablementa1400
tabling1410
projecture1563
rib1608
watering table1609
tableting1610
ledge1611
quarter-round1664
cornice1670
bolection1708
dress1726
tablet?1756
dressing1789
1726 G. Leoni tr. L. B. Alberti Architecture II. 68/1 One principal door with all the dress of the door of a Temple. [No corresponding passage in the Italian original.]
1726 G. Leoni tr. L. B. Alberti Architecture II. 62/2 The Arches must stand quite clear above the water: their dress may be taken from the Ionic or..the Doric Architrave. [No corresponding passage in the Italian original.]
11. The final trim or finish given to a material to set off its appearance; spec. the stiffness imparted to a fabric by starch, size, etc.
ΚΠ
1793 R. A. Bromley Philos. & Crit. Hist. Fine Arts II. v. iii. 125 Every little fillet, or string, or moulding, the shape or dress of every little member of an entablature.
1810 Universal Mag. Aug. 139/2 It possesses the elasticity of the stocking pieces, and the substance, dress, and durability of felted cloths.
1883 R. Haldane Workshop Receipts 2nd Ser. 122 Boil or soak [the canvas] for an hour or so in a solution of soda and water to get out the ‘dress’.
1991 E. Harwood & A. Saint London i. 23/3 After All Saints', the best Victorian urban churches were to be faced in brick, instead of masquerading in a dress of ragstone or freestone.
12. The arrangement of furrows or grooves on the surface of a millstone. Now historical and rare.
ΚΠ
1851 Spectator 23 Aug. 802/2 There are certain alterations to be made in the works and dress of millstones.
1870 Eng. Mech. 11 Feb. 535/1 Care must be taken to put the dress [of millstones] in the right way.
1987 Hesperia 56 336 The interaction of such variables as the weight of the top millstone, its dress.., and the rate of feed would affect the speed of the mill.

Compounds

C1. With the sense ‘of, for, or relating to clothing or women's dresses’.
a. General attributive and objective, as dress rules, dress size, etc.; dress-cutting.Some of the more established compounds of this type are treated separately at Compounds 1b and Compounds 1c.
ΚΠ
1764 Gazetteer & London Daily Advertiser 20 Mar. (advt.) 4/2 Gentlemen's fine dress Silk at 10s. 6d. Women's ditto 9s. 6d.
1844 Lexington (Kentucky) Observer 25 Sept. 1/3 Just received..striped Chusans, in dress patterns.
1889 Daily News 18 July 3/5 Mr. J. C. Horsley, R.A., afterwards addressed the students on dress-cutting.
1929 Washington Post 2 Nov. 1/3 (headline) Rigid Cleanliness and Dress Rules Will Be Urged by Board's Committee.
1955 E. Ostick Draper's Encycl. iii. 84 Moss crêpe is a dress fabric which relies for its characteristic effect on a special yarn called a moss crêpe yarn.
1970 Observer 15 Feb. (Colour Suppl.) 20/2 Small shops selling dress materials.
2006 Company Nov. 44/1 Size 16 is my average dress size.
b.
dress allowance n. now archaic
ΘΚΠ
society > trade and finance > money > funds or pecuniary resources > [noun] > set apart for a purpose > spending- or pocket-money > for clothes
dress allowance1845
1845 Morning Chron. 5 Apr. 4/6 The different allowances to which they were entitled—dress allowance, lodging money, &c.
1907 A. Bennett Grim Smile of Five Towns 83 A woman who had a generous dress allowance.
2013 E. Smith Green as Grass i. 40 Instead of pocket money, she has a small, a very small, dress allowance from Mummy.
dress designer n.
ΚΠ
1872 Morning Post 14 Mar. 7/3 Many persons have often wondered what had become of one of our best dress designers, Paul Philippe.
1901 Westm. Gaz. 12 June 3/2 The tendency of the dress designer is just now to study old pictures and prints.
2004 M. Keyes Other Side of Story (2005) 333 She didn't like any of the three dress designers I'd put her in touch with.
dress shop n.
ΚΠ
1807 Morning Chron. 9 Dec. 3/3 Dark yellow and dark blue, in velvet and in satin, are in use in all the dress-shops.
1930 E. Waugh Labels vii. 171 The dress shops..were advertising their end of the season sales.
2003 N.Y. Times Mag. 17 Aug. ii. 90/4 She wanted to open a dress shop in..Punta del Este.
dress show n.
ΚΠ
1848 Examiner 2 Dec. 783/3 If you knew what is done..by Moses and Son, To their grand City Mart on your stick you would toddle, And round the ‘Prize Dress Show’ exultingly waddle.
1965 A. Christie At Bertram's Hotel xii. 113 The idea of patronising a dress show of any kind would not even have occurred to her.
2008 N. Storey Hist. Men's Fashion viii. 129 The Summer Berkeley Dress Show.
c.
dress agency n. an agency, shop, etc., that buys and sells second-hand clothes.
ΚΠ
1885 Glasgow Herald 19 Feb. 1/8 Velveteen Manufacturers require Representative... One who has already other Dress Agencies and connection with leading drapers only.
1931 W. Holtby Poor Caroline iii. 76 She inspected the garments for sale in a Court Dress Agency, wondering who wanted to buy tarnished tinsel slippers, and stained georgette frocks.
2003 D. Boyle Authenticity i. 15 A vogue for vintage clothes that now sells through charity shops, dress agencies and Christie's.
dress basket n. now historical a basket designed to carry dresses and other clothing while travelling.
ΘΚΠ
society > travel > aspects of travel > a journey > [noun] > luggage > travelling boxes
trussing coffera1387
lode-malea1400
gardeviance1459
trussing mail1485
trussing chest1540
trunk1609
portmanteau trunk1683
hair-trunk1693
mail-trunka1726
trunkie1728
trunk-mail1771
imperial1773
cedar chest1775
Noah's Ark1803
wardrobe trunk1815
dress case1819
yakdan1824
pitara1828
bullock-trunk1844
dress basket1857
Saratoga trunk1857
Saratoga1863
black jack1885
innovation trunk1912
1857 Caledonian Mercury 11 Mar. 1/2 Baskets and basket work. Such as..dress baskets, soiled linen or bedroom baskets, hand baskets.
1911 ‘K. Mansfield’ In German Pension 43 A dress-basket neatly covered in a black tarpaulin.
1999 K. Hickman Daughters of Britannia (2000) i. 8 The different types of trunk available..include..a ‘Dress Basket’, made of wicker, for damp climates.
dress case n. now historical a travelling case for clothes.
ΘΚΠ
society > travel > aspects of travel > a journey > [noun] > luggage > travelling boxes
trussing coffera1387
lode-malea1400
gardeviance1459
trussing mail1485
trussing chest1540
trunk1609
portmanteau trunk1683
hair-trunk1693
mail-trunka1726
trunkie1728
trunk-mail1771
imperial1773
cedar chest1775
Noah's Ark1803
wardrobe trunk1815
dress case1819
yakdan1824
pitara1828
bullock-trunk1844
dress basket1857
Saratoga trunk1857
Saratoga1863
black jack1885
innovation trunk1912
1819 Daily National Intelligencer (Washington) 11 Dec. Gentlemen's mahogany dress cases.
1899 Westm. Gaz. 3 Aug. 3/2 These..low broad dress-cases, that, if necessary, can go under a railway carriage seat.
1986 Financial Times 26 July (Weekend section) p. xiii The Army and Navy supplied containers for every need: dress cases, suit cases, bonnet and hat cases in great variety.
dress code n. an accepted or prevailing style of dress; (in later use) a set of rules or guidelines specifying the expected or permitted style of dress for a social occasion, place of work, etc.
ΚΠ
1889 Overland Monthly Apr. 443/1 A good many women have discarded the deforming compressions and dragging weights of the Parisian dress code.
1961 NEA Jrnl. Sept. 57/1 Edison High School is by no means alone in suspending students who refuse to conform to the school's dress code.
2001 Independent 6 Aug. i. 3/1 The contractor Amec had issued its staff..with a strict dress code.
dress-conscious adj. aware of and discerning about clothes, esp. one's own.
ΘΚΠ
the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > [adjective] > aware of or interested in
dressy1737
dress-conscious1916
clothes-conscious1928
1916 Cedar Falls (Iowa) Record 23 Mar. And after you are ‘dress’ conscious, you're never self-conscious—you feel, as well as look your best.
1958 Spectator 31 Jan. 130/3 Why is the bowler hat regarded by one whole class of very dress-conscious young men as untouchable?
2000 K. T. Hansen Salaula vii. 156 A profusion of clothing available from which dress-conscious consumers can purchase just the garments they want.
dress designing n. the art or occupation of designing dresses.
ΚΠ
1879 St. Louis (Missouri) Globe-Democrat 1 June 6/5 Applique work is quite conspicuous in dress designing.
1903 Westm. Gaz. 31 Dec. 3/1 Dress-designing was never in a more advanced stage of development than now.
2000 S. Garfield Mauve 67 [He] elevated dressmaking into dress designing.
dress form n. chiefly U.S. a three-dimensional form of the torso, mounted on a stand and used by dressmakers and tailors to model clothes on.
ΚΠ
1880 St. Louis (Missouri) Globe-Democrat 18 July 1/1 10 doz. Dress forms, 25c, Eckstein's price 50c.
1916 L. I. Baldt Clothing for Women viii. 162 It will be necessary to have a dress form, on which a close-fitting lining previously fitted to the person for whom the garments are to be designed, has been placed.
2015 A. Mirabella Sweetheart (2016) v. 68 A tape measure belts a headless dress form that stands in the corner.
dress-guard n. (originally) a guard or wing on a carriage or other vehicle which prevents passengers' clothing from brushing against the wheel as they enter; (later) a curved strip of metal or plastic fitted over the wheel of a bicycle to protect the cyclist's clothes from dirt or entanglement; cf. mudguard n. 1.
ΚΠ
1860 W. R. Bush U.S. Patent 27,427 1/1 I..have invented a new and useful Defense to Protect the Dresses of Ladies Entering into or Coming out of Carriages from the dirt adhering to the wheels, which I call 'Bush's self-adjusting carriage dress-guard'.
1895 Westm. Gaz. 3 Sept. 8/1 [A] skirt..short enough to clear cranks and pedals when the cyclist is seated, and make dress-guards unnecessary.
1913 Motor World 12 June 32/3 The designation of the wheel guard as..(i) dress guard; (j) wheel and dress guard; (k) mud fender for vehicles, is inadvisable.
1996 Cycle Touring & Campaigning Apr. 8/3 [A bicycle] equipped with a wicker basket for groceries and a dress-guard.
dress house n. now historical a brothel.
ΘΚΠ
society > morality > moral evil > licentiousness > unchastity > prostitution > [noun] > brothel
houseOE
bordelc1300
whorehousec1330
stew1362
bordel housec1384
stewc1384
stivec1386
stew-house1436
bordelryc1450
brothel house1486
shop?1515
bains1541
common house1545
bawdy-house1552
hothouse1556
bordello1581
brothela1591
trugging house1591
trugging place1591
nunnery1593
vaulting-house1596
leaping house1598
Pickt-hatch1598
garden house1606
vaulting-school1606
flesh-shambles1608
whore-sty1621
bagnioa1640
public house1640
harlot-house1641
warrena1649
academy1650
call house1680
coney burrow1691
case1699
nanny-house1699
house of ill reputea1726
smuggling-ken1725
kip1766
Corinth1785
disorderly house1809
flash-house1816
dress house1823
nanny-shop1825
house of tolerance1842
whore shop1843
drum1846
introducing house1846
khazi1846
fast house1848
harlotry1849
maison de tolérance1852
knocking-shop1860
lupanar1864
assignation house1870
parlour house1871
hook shop1889
sporting house1894
meat house1896
massage parlour1906
case house1912
massage establishment1921
moll-shop1923
camp1925
notch house1926
creep joint1928
slaughterhouse1928
maison de convenance1930
cat-house1931
Bovril1936
maison close1939
joy-house1940
rib joint1940
gaff1947
maison de passe1960
rap parlour1973
1823 ‘J. Bee’ Slang 2 Accommodation-house. The Reader had better consult ‘Fubbs’ than we explain the minute difference that exists between these and a ‘Dress-house’ or a ‘Bodikin’.
1870 W. Acton Prostitution (ed. 2) ii. 13 The keepers of the old dress houses were mostly females of extreme avarice.
2002 J. Rendell Pursuit of Pleasure vi. 126 Spaces where sexual transactions actually took place, such as dress houses, bagnios, jelly houses, lodging houses and streets.
dress improver n. now historical a stuffed pad or wire frame worn below the waist under a woman's skirt to distend it; a bustle (bustle n.2).
ΘΚΠ
the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > types or styles of clothing > underwear > [noun] > contrivance for expanding skirts > bustle, pads, or cushion
bum roll1602
roll1602
Scotch bum1607
Scotch fall1607
rump roll1707
rump1710
bustle1786
bustler1787
cushion1806
dress improver1842
improver1844
bishopa1860
tournure1872
1842 Bristol Mercury 19 Feb. 4/2 (advt.) Elastic Silver and Steel Busks, Dress Improvers, Prepared Whalebone.
1907 Weekly Mail (Wales) May 11/3 The dress-improvers seen in the shops of ladies' outfitters, though not of exaggerated size, are fairly substantial.
2003 J. Flanders Victorian House (2004) viii. 270 A horsehair petticoat..gradually evolved into a ‘dress improver’, which by the 1880s was a separate piece, a bustle, attached to the bodice or the petticoat.
dress length n. a piece of material sufficient to make a dress.
ΚΠ
1808 Bury & Norwich Post 16 Nov. 587/3 Such Shopkeepers as do not keep a stock of this fashionable article, may be accommodated with Pieces or Dress Lengths for the approval of their friends.
1907 Daily Chron. 16 May 5/7 The wife of a native chief who was given a dress length by Lord Kitchener.
2015 Advertiser (Austral.) (Nexis) 17 Nov. 65 The club appreciates donations of buttons and fabric dress lengths.
dress preserver n. (a) a leather-covered iron frame fitted between a carriage step and wheel, to prevent mud or water from entering the carriage (obsolete); (b) a pad sewn beneath the armholes of a dress to prevent sweat stains; = dress-shield n. (now historical).
ΚΠ
1817 Morning Post 28 Jan. They have..obtained his Majesty's Royal Letters Patent for their newly-invented Wheel-Guard, or Dress-Preserver.
1885 Cassell's Family Mag. Mar. 244/1 There are so many kinds of dress preservers—cork, silk, india-rubber—and the great improvement of our modern days is that they are scentless.
1951 M. Kennedy Lucy Carmichael i. v. 35 Have you sewed in dress preservers?.. You know how you perspire.
1984 M. Hocking Good Daughters (1987) xviii. 227 She was herself fastidious about sweat, and had dress preservers stitched into her frock.
dress protector n. now historical any item designed to protect clothing from becoming dirty; spec. = dress-shield n.
ΚΠ
1850 Scotsman 12 Jan. Braces, Brace Ends, Vest Backs, and Dress Protectors, which supersede the oil-silk for that purpose.
1872 E. C. Gale Hints on Dress iii. 41 Much trimming is not ‘in keeping’, either on the gown, or the apron, which old-fashioned dress-protector will never be despised by neat women.
1999 B. Burman Culture of Sewing i. ii. 43 Dress protectors were purchased to make garments last longer.
dress reform n. now historical the reform of women's dress called for in the 19th cent., with the aim of making clothes more practical and comfortable.The dress reform movement flourished from the mid to late 19th cent. in Britain and the United States; fundamental change in women's fashion was not however achieved until the 1920s.
ΚΠ
1851 Bangor (Maine) Daily Whig & Courier 30 July 2/3 An editorial on the subject of the dress reform.
1874 Literary World Dec. 100/1 The most difficult task in the whole enterprise of dress reform is to enlist women in high places in the cause.
2014 R. Vickers Every Possession Has Hist. 45 In the late 1840s, just before the dress reform movement, the undergarments..worn by a woman weighed as much as 6.35 kilograms.
dress reformer n. now historical an advocate of dress reform for women during the 19th cent.
ΚΠ
1851 Morning Chron. 30 Sept. 5/4 Some very coarse remarks were made at the expense of the dress reformers.
1883 How to be Strong & Beautiful 11 On the evils of high heels and of tight boots every dress reformer is tempted to enlarge.
2012 Women's Stud. Q. 41 38 Amelia Bloomer, whose name now is forever associated with the most famous component of the dress reformers' wardrobe.
dress sense n. a good instinct for selecting clothes which suit the wearer or occasion; intuitive ability to dress well.
ΚΠ
1912 Vogue 15 Nov. 63/2 As a matter of fact, it depends on the ‘dress sense’ of the individual. If a woman has taste and knows instinctively what is chic, she may safely buy an untrimmed hat and..place a bit of trimming on it herself.
1943 G. Battiscombe Charlotte Mary Yonge viii. 101 Most women..have some rudimentary feeling for dress, but Charlotte was born without dress-sense.
1998 Record Collector Apr. 79/1 He never did have any dress sense.
dress-shield n. now historical a crescent-shaped piece of absorbent or waterproof fabric sewn into the armholes of a dress or bodice to prevent staining from sweat.
ΚΠ
1855 Vermont Watchman & State Jrnl. (Montpelier) 14 Sept. (advt.) Gloves, Mittens, Dress Shields, etc.
1884 Queen 9 Feb. (advt.) You have just ruined that new dress under the arms because you did not have a Canfield Dress Shield.
1993 H. Dunmore Zennor in Darkness i. 1 Dazzled, laughing, out of breath, prickling with sweat under their dress-shields.
dress stand n. a shaped model of a male or female torso, mounted on a pole and used for fitting and hanging clothes; = dress form n.
ΚΠ
1814 Morning Chron. 10 Aug. 4/3 Four dozen cap and dress stands.
1904 ‘M. Corelli’ God's Good Man 337 She had a figure which was the envy of all modellers of dress stands.
1912 Cassell's Penny Bk. Dressmaking 6/1 The Dress-Stand.—There is one accessory which all home dress-makers should endeavour to procure, i.e. a padded dress-stand... Adjustable models..are obtainable that will screw and unscrew, upon which garments may be fitted for various figures.
2007 L. Flecker Pract. Guide Costume Mounting i. 3 During transport, the costume remained on the dress stand.
C2. With the sense ‘of, belonging to, or characterized by full or formal dress’.
a. attributive, as dress cloak, dress dinner, dress pants, etc.Some of the more established compounds of this type are treated separately at Compounds 2b.
ΚΠ
1745 Penny London Post 22-24 May 1/3 His dress-Cloaths were kept in the House of Dunmain..his ordinary Cloaths were kept with the Nurse.
1779 R. March Treat. Silk, Wool, Worsted, Cotton, & Thread 44 I am enabled to supply..a variety of complete dress suits much cheaper than the French, particularly wide lace, for dress gowns, shades, cloaks, handkerchiefs, aprons, ruffles, &c.
1794 Proc. Old Bailey 19 Feb. 473/2 I have always gone out to dress dinners or ball suppers for going on of three years.
1825 H. Wilson Mem. III. 386 He is going to the Duke of Devonshire's dress party.
1836 C. Dickens Sketches by Boz 1st Ser. II. 274 A strange chaos of dress-gloves, boxing-gloves, caricatures, albums.
1851 C. Cist Sketches & Statistics Cincinnati 178 He employs from 75 to 125 hands, all upon fine work of men's dress boots..and fine shoes.
1921 Clothier & Furnisher (N.Y.) July 108 Men's dress pants in all wool fancy..material.
1971 New Yorker 4 Dec. 102/1 (advt.) One-piece waist-to-toe Lightweight Long Johns with ribbed dress socks.
2004 D. F. Wallace Oblivion 284 Atwater himself had worn white socks with dress slacks until college.
b.
dress clothes n.
ΚΠ
1745Dress-cloaths [see Compounds 2a].
1814 C. S. M. Bury Diary 21 May (1838) I. 312 All the gentlemen..looked beautiful in their dress clothes.
1929 P. G. Wodehouse Mr. Mulliner Speaking 258 He was prepared to stand or fall by his dress-clothes.
2015 K. O'Connor Never-ending Feast vi. 156 Arrayed in his dress clothes, the Commissioner presented himself at the great door of the Palace.
dress coat n.
ΘΚΠ
the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > types or styles of clothing > clothing for body or trunk (and limbs) > [noun] > coat > types of > dress-coat
body coat1697
dress coat1749
spike-tail1894
1749 G. G. Beekman Let. 18 Dec. in Beekman Mercantile Papers (1956) I. 96 You..must make..the Lower part of the Skirts of the coat Two Inches Shorter, but would beg of you to make them as neet as Possible full trimmed for a Dress coat.
1858 N. Hawthorne Jrnl. 10 Sept. in French & Ital. Notebks. (1980) vi. 415 Dress-coats, and such elegant formalities.
1925 H. L. Foster Trop. Tramp with Tourists 333 Dress coats and tuxedo jackets were removed.
2001 C. B. Janeway tr. S. Márai Embers iii. 22 The Emperor's dress coat was blue and his waistcoat white.
dress-coated adj.
ΚΠ
1836 C. Dickens Sketches by Boz 2nd Ser. 81 As if we were duly dress-coated and pumped.
1927 Manch. Guardian 2 Nov. 7/5 The death of a famous Harley Street butler has brought reminiscences of other dress-coated potentates of the quarter of specialists.
2012 Manch. Evening News (Nexis) 29 June (Features section) 15 This is the sort of upmarket interiors place that has dress-coated, top-hat-wearing butlers on the door.
dress shirt n.
ΚΠ
1810 Naval Chron. 24 410 Six dress shirts, with frills.
1911 Clothier & Furnisher Feb. 95/2 It is impossible for us to believe that an ‘opera shirt’ materially differs from a ‘dress shirt’.
2011 H. Dolan Very Bad Men (2012) xviii. 112 I had on my best gray suit over a white dress shirt.
dress shoes n.
ΚΠ
1776 St. James's Chron. 26-8 Mar. It seemed to be about thirty Years of Age, wore..thin Dress Shoes with red Heels.
1806 in Doc. Hist. Amer. Industr. Soc. III. 73 I had not long worked for him before I got on to light dress-shoes.
2005 M. M. Frisby Wifebeater xvii. 115 A pair of black dress shoes.
dress suit n.
ΚΠ
1753 J. Hill Inspector II. 182 The master metamorphoses his wife's aprons into weepers for hi[s] dress suit, in which he is to get drunk on a sunday.
1807 J. Beresford Miseries Human Life II. xx. 255 A dress-suit of clothes for a grand occasion.
1909 Hampton's Mag. 22 671/1 He wasn't always as well fixed up as he is now, the possessor of a made-to-order dress suit and all.
2014 R. R. Estwick Health Care Dilemma 214 An individual attired in a formal dress suit is less likely to start a street brawl than the same individual in his work clothes as a mechanic.
dress tie n.
ΚΠ
1834 Boston Morning Post 28 Mar. (advt.) One case of choice Stocks, consisting of Oxonian black and fancy, black corded Silk dress ties, Satin Anglesia and plain Bombazine Stocks.
1920 Glasgow Herald 3 Apr. 4 I have never learned the knack of fixing a dress tie.
2011 G. Szirtes tr. S. Márai Portraits of Marriage 239 There is no color in the rainbow that was not covered among those ties: bow ties, dress ties, ready-tied ties all hanging in their wardrobes, arranged in color order.
c.
dress ball n. a ball at which formal dress is worn.
ΘΚΠ
society > leisure > dancing > ball or dance > [noun] > other balls or dances
carolc1300
buttock-ball1698
redoubt1698
ridotto1708
race ball1770
county ball1771
dress ball?1772
promenade1778
waltz1802
hunt ball1807
dignity ball1834
ball-royala1843
polkery1845
jigging-party1872
prom1879
Cinderella dance1883
dinner dance1887
white ball1891
cotillion1898
taxi dance1910
Stampede Dance1950
go-go1965
?1772 New Bath Guide (rev. ed.) 30 The New-Rooms are also open every night and the dress ball is on Monday.
1807 J. Beresford Miseries Human Life II. xiv. 31 A Dress-ball—alias a public parade of finery, dullness, and etiquette.
1995 Slavic & E. European Jrnl. 39 63 He completely forgot his appointment to meet Zina at a dress ball.
dress box n. a box (box n.2 16a) at a theatre, the occupants of which were originally expected to wear formal dress.
ΘΚΠ
society > leisure > the arts > performance arts > the theatre or the stage > a theatre > auditorium > [noun] > box or compartment
pew1558
lord's room1592
box1609
private boxa1640
side-box1676
balcony1718
lodge1730
green box1732
stage box1740
loge1768
opera box1789
dress box1795
property box1809
omnibus1840
omnibus box1842
baignoire1873
1795 Telegraph 29 June 4/2 It was a rule of the House that no lady should enter a dress-box with her hat on.
1849 C. Dickens David Copperfield (1850) xxiv. 255 We resolved to go down-stairs to the dress-boxes.
2013 Jrnl. Irish Stud. 28 47 A white marble balcony extending into the theatre from the dress boxes.
dress carriage n. now historical a carriage used for state or semi-state occasions.
ΚΠ
1803 Ann. Reg. 1802 (Otridge ed.) Chron. 392/1 His royal highness set out from Carlton-house about half past four, accompanied by the dukes of Clarence, Cumberland, and Cambridge, in their dress carriages.
1902 Westm. Gaz. 7 Aug. 10/1 His Majesty has..intimated a wish that dress carriages might come in vogue again for evening Court functions.
2014 P. M. Eatwell Dead Duke, his Missing Wife & Secret Corpse iv. 39 The Pantechnicon..sold larger items of furniture and horse-drawn vehicles, stocking everything from the dress carriage to the light gig.
dress circle n. a (curved) section of seating in a theatre, opera house, etc., whose occupants were originally expected to wear formal dress; (now usually) the lowest and most expensive gallery of seats above the ground floor.
ΘΚΠ
society > leisure > the arts > performance arts > the theatre or the stage > a theatre > auditorium > [noun] > balcony or circle
upper circle1586
balcony1718
dress circle1812
mezzanine1927
terrace1961
1812 La Belle Assemblée Jan. 13/1 I have, in my plan, entirely abolished those Boxes which have hitherto been placed immediately at the back of the Dress Circle.
1918 F. Johnson Devel. State Legislation concerning Free Negro 61 Refusing a colored person a seat in the dress circle.
2007 Opera Now Mar. 42/1 The seats upstairs in the single dress circle are a fraction wider and plusher.
dress ring n. a ring that is worn for its formal or stylish appearance and not as a token of an event (such as engagement, marriage, etc.).
ΚΠ
1814 J. C. Chamberlain Narr. Captivity Mrs. Johnson (ed. 3) viii. 96 On opening the paper, I found two rings, the one a very beautiful gold dress ring, the other a mourning ring.
1910 Weekly Irish Times 31 Dec. 11/4 Upon the third finger of her right hand there was a gold dress-ring set with four sapphires.
2009 Sunday Star-Times (Auckland) (Nexis) 20 Sept. 5 Older women are buying ‘right-hand’ rings, a diamond dress ring for the right hand.
dress sword n. a sword worn with ceremonial or formal dress.
ΚΠ
1782 Morning Herald & Daily Advertiser 29 Mar. (advt.) The greatest variety of Officers Fuseés, Dress Swords, Fowling Pieces, Pistols, [etc.].
1894 C. N. Robinson Brit. Fleet 509 Physicians and secretaries wore a dress sword with rapier blade.
2005 F. Baker in D. Link & J. Nagley Words about Mozart v. 103 Don Giovanni might have worn an elegant dress sword.
dress uniform n. the most formal military uniform, typically worn for ceremonies, official receptions, etc.
ΘΚΠ
the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > types or styles of clothing > [noun] > for specific people > for members of a body or association > naval, military, etc. > types of
regimentals1728
undress1748
regiments1759
regimental1764
dress uniform1774
kit1785
roast beef coat1802
butternut1810
frock-uniform1810
fatigue-dress1834
fatigue1836
fatigue-uniform1836
shirtsleeve order1854
grey1862
scarlet runnerc1864
square-rig1875
rig of the day1877
swagger-dress1901
trench coat1914
hospital blue1919
romper1922
suntan1937
battle-dress1938
army greens1945
mess kit1953
tiger suit1970
1774 in R. Conyers Coll. Psalms & Hymns (new ed.) 257 Dress uniform the soldiers wear When duty calls abroad.
1833 London Gaz. 28 June 1249/1 Admiral of the Fleet... Dress uniform... Scarlet cuffs, with two-inch lace round the top.
2011 J. Golding Deadlock: Bk. iii. xv. 224 Paschuk..had changed from his dress uniform to battle fatigues.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2018; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

dressv.

Brit. /drɛs/, U.S. /drɛs/
Forms:

α. Middle English drees, Middle English dresce, Middle English drese, Middle English dris, Middle English drisse, Middle English drysse, Middle English dryst (past tense), Middle English–1500s dreste (past tense and past participle), Middle English–1600s dres, Middle English–1600s dresse, Middle English–1800s drest (past tense and past participle), Middle English– dress, 1500s dreass; English regional (northern) 1800s dhriss, 1800s druss, 1900s driss.

β. Middle English dyrse, 1800s derse (English regional (northern)); N.E.D. (1897) also records a form late Middle English dirse.

Origin: A borrowing from French. Etymon: French dresser.
Etymology: < Anglo-Norman dreser, Anglo-Norman and Middle French dresser, drescer, drescier (French dresser ) to set (something) upright (c1050 in Old French), to stand up (c1100; reflexive), to direct, guide (a ship, one's course), to travel, betake oneself (reflexive) (all early 12th cent.), to lift, raise (something), to draw up (a statement or other document) (both early 12th cent.), to arrange, prepare (something) (c1200; early 14th cent. or earlier with specific reference to preparing and serving food), to prepare oneself (early 13th cent. or earlier; reflexive), to put (something) right (late 13th cent. or earlier) < an unattested post-classical Latin form *directiare < classical Latin dīrectus direct adj. Compare address v.Compare post-classical Latin drescere , dressare to set in order, put to rights (from 13th cent. in British sources), to prepare food (c1310 in a British source), Old Occitan dresar , dreisar , dreçar , Catalan dreçar (12th cent.), Spanish †dreçar (13th cent.; also †dereçar (late 14th cent.)), Italian dirizzare (13th cent.). Specific senses. In sense 1 after address v. (compare sense 1 at that entry). In sense 11b after address v. (compare sense 9 at that entry); compare redress v.1 With sense 18 compare Middle French, French dresser (mid 16th cent. in this sense). The use with reference to clothing (sense 23) is not paralleled in French and appears to have developed within English. Specific forms. The β. forms show metathesis. In Middle English prefixed and unprefixed forms of the past participle are attested (see y- prefix).
I. To direct or address.
1. transitive. To direct (spoken or written words) to a person or destination; to write and send (a writ, letter, etc.) to or forth. Cf. address v. 1. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > language > speech > conversation > addressing or speaking to > speak to or address [verb (transitive)] > address words to a person
dressa1325
puta1350
shapec1400
directc1450
address1518
apply1565
a1325 Statutes of Realm (2011) xxxvi. 98 In þilke forme, sal þe writ ben idressed to þe schirreues.
c1449 R. Pecock Repressor (1860) 2 These same wordis..bi Seint Poul dressid to Thimothe..mowe weel ynow be take and dressid ferthir to ech lay persoon.
c1460 (a1449) J. Lydgate Testament (Harl. 2255) in J. O. Halliwell Select. Minor Poems (1840) 242 Hir suster..gan unto me dresse A wooful bille.
c1500 Melusine (1895) 38 A knyght..dressed hys wordes toward her, & said [etc.].
1565 W. Stewart tr. Breif Gathering Halie Signes f. 28 It was forbiddin to dresse yair prayers toward ye east, for ye vnbeleif of ye ancient Idolaters.
1664 Floddan Field ii. 17 His Letters fast he forth did dress.
1746 D. Ross Let. 12 May in D. Warrand More Culloden Papers (1930) V. 83 You may dress me two or three lines of advice.
2.
a. transitive. To cause (a person or animal) to move in a particular direction; to direct, guide, steer. Also: to turn (one's face, back, etc.) in a particular direction. Also figurative. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
society > authority > control > [verb (transitive)] > guide
wieldeOE
steera1000
wisc1000
wiseOE
turnc1175
kenc1200
conduec1330
dressc1330
govern1340
addressc1350
guidea1400
conducec1475
conduct1481
rectifya1500
besteer1603
helm1607
engineer1831
beacon1835
society > travel > aspects of travel > guidance in travel > show (the way) [verb (transitive)] > lead back
teachc893
forleadOE
to lead the wayc1175
kenc1200
dressc1330
lerec1330
guy1362
guidec1374
reduce?a1425
tell1485
way lead1485
arrect1530
reconduct1566
reduct1580
c1330 (?a1300) Arthour & Merlin (Auch.) (1973) l. 8855 Aiþer gan his stede dresse Oȝain oþer in þat presse.
c1350 Psalter (BL Add. 17376) in K. D. Bülbring Earliest Compl. Eng. Prose Psalter (1891) xxiv. 5 Dresce me, Lord, in þy soþenesse.
a1382 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Bodl. 959) (1961) Num. xxiv. 2 He..dressynge [L. dirigens] his chere aȝeyns þe desert..say Irael in þe tentys dwellynge.
?c1400 (c1380) G. Chaucer tr. Boethius De Consol. Philos. (BL Add. 10340) (1868) iv. pr. vi. l. 4104 God hym self..ordeyniþ and dressiþ alle þinges to good.
a1450 (?a1300) Richard Coer de Lyon (Caius) (1810) l. 2554 He dressyd hys bak unto the maste.
a1475 ( S. Scrope tr. Dicts & Sayings Philosophers (Bodl. 943) (1999) 40 (MED) It behoueþe to a lord first to dres him-silfe and after othir, or els he farith as he þat wold dresse his shadowe a-fore hym-silf.
c1500 Melusine (1895) 30 Yf you knowe not the way, wel I shall dresse you to it.
1591 J. Florio Second Frutes 75 I had beene wisely drest, if I had playd that Knight.
?1661 2nd Pt. Merry Drollery 69 When Phoebus had drest his course to the West To take up his rest below.
1692 ‘J. Curate’ Sc. Presbyterian Eloquence iii. 115 Lord, curse him, confound him, and damn him, dress him, and guide him as thou didst Pharaoh, Senacherib, and our late King James and his Father.
b. intransitive and transitive (reflexive). To direct one's course; to go, set off, proceed. Also figurative. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
society > travel > [verb (intransitive)]
nimeOE
becomec885
teec888
goeOE
i-goc900
lithec900
wendeOE
i-farec950
yongc950
to wend one's streetOE
fare971
i-wende971
shakeOE
winda1000
meteOE
wendOE
strikec1175
seekc1200
wevec1200
drawa1225
stira1225
glidea1275
kenc1275
movec1275
teemc1275
tightc1275
till1297
chevec1300
strake13..
travelc1300
choosec1320
to choose one's gatea1325
journeyc1330
reachc1330
repairc1330
wisec1330
cairc1340
covera1375
dressa1375
passa1375
tenda1375
puta1382
proceedc1392
doa1400
fanda1400
haunta1400
snya1400
take?a1400
thrilla1400
trace?a1400
trinea1400
fangc1400
to make (also have) resortc1425
to make one's repair (to)c1425
resort1429
ayrec1440
havea1450
speer?c1450
rokec1475
wina1500
hent1508
persevere?1521
pursuec1540
rechec1540
yede1563
bing1567
march1568
to go one's ways1581
groyl1582
yode1587
sally1590
track1590
way1596
frame1609
trickle1629
recur1654
wag1684
fadge1694
haul1802
hike1809
to get around1849
riddle1856
bat1867
biff1923
truck1925
society > travel > [verb (reflexive)]
wendeOE
meteOE
drawc1175
flitc1175
do?c1225
kenc1275
teemc1275
movec1300
graitha1325
dightc1330
redec1330
windc1330
yieldc1330
dressa1375
raikc1400
winc1400
pass?a1425
get1492
tirec1540
flitch?1567
frame1576
betake1639
rely1641
the mind > attention and judgement > beautification > beautify [verb (transitive)] > ornament
dightc1200
begoa1225
fay?c1225
rustc1275
duba1300
shrouda1300
adorna1325
flourishc1325
apparel1366
depaintc1374
dressa1375
raila1375
anorna1382
orna1382
honourc1390
paintc1390
pare1393
garnisha1400
mensk?a1400
apykec1400
hightlec1400
overfretc1440
exornc1450
embroider1460
repair1484
empare1490
ornate1490
bedo?a1500
purfle?a1500
glorify?1504
betrap1509
broider1509
deck?1521
likelya1522
to set forth1530
exornate1539
grace1548
adornate1550
fardc1550
gaud1554
pink1558
bedeck1559
tight1572
begaud1579
embellish1579
bepounce1582
parela1586
flower1587
ornify1590
illustrate1592
tinsel1594
formalize1595
adore1596
suborn1596
trapper1597
condecorate1599
diamondize1600
furnish1600
enrich1601
mense1602
prank1605
overgreen1609
crown1611
enjewel1611
broocha1616
varnish1641
ornament1650
array1652
bedub1657
bespangle1675
irradiate1717
gem1747
begem1749
redeck1771
blazon1813
aggrace1825
diamond1839
panoply1851
a1375 (c1350) William of Palerne (1867) l. 1237 He sesed a spere, & dressed him to þe duk, presteli to iuste.
c1400 (?c1390) Sir Gawain & Green Knight (1940) l. 1415 Þe douthe dressed to þe wod.
c1405 (c1395) G. Chaucer Clerk's Tale (Hengwrt) (2003) l. 1007 To Grisilde agayn wol I me dresse.
1485 Malory's Morte Darthur (Caxton) iv. xxviii. sig. hviv They dressyd to gyders and eyther gaf other suche strokes.
a1513 W. Dunbar Poems (1998) I. 139 Dres fra desert, draw to thy duelling place.
1556 tr. J. de Flores Histoire de Aurelio & Isabelle sig. H8 All her entreprises..dressethe them all vnto the dishoneste parte.
c1572 W. Forrest Theophilus 1064 in Anglia (1884) 7 108 Unto the busshoppe he dreste him forth.
3. transitive. To hold out for a person to take; to offer, give. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > possession > giving > offer or action of offering > offer [verb (transitive)]
i-bedea800
bidOE
make?a1160
forthc1200
bihedec1275
proffera1325
yielda1382
dressc1384
to serve fortha1393
dight1393
pretend1398
nurnc1400
offerc1425
profita1450
tent1459
tend1475
exhibit1490
propine1512
presentc1515
oblate1548
pretence1548
defer?1551
to hold forth1560
prefer1567
delatea1575
to give forth1584
tender1587
oppose1598
to hold out1611
shore1787
c1384 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Douce 369(2)) (1850) Luke xxiv. 30 He took bred, and blesside, and brac, and dresside [a1400 Yale ȝaf] to hem [L. porrigebat illis].
c1384 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Douce 369(2)) (1850) Matt. vii. 9 Who of ȝou is a man, whom ȝif his sone axe breed, wher he shal dresse to hym [a1425 L.V. take hym; L. porriget ei] a stoon?
?1435 ( J. Lydgate Minor Poems (1934) ii. 636 Thes ladyes gan theire gifftes dresse.
a1450 Castle Perseverance (1969) l. 3354 Þane þe Jeves..Dressyd þe drynke, eysyl and galle.
1573 T. Twyne tr. Virgil in T. Phaer & T. Twyne tr. Virgil Whole .xii. Bks. Æneidos ix. sig. Ccijv Unto thy temple shal I solempne gifts of offrings dresse.
II. To make ready or right; to set in order.
4.
a. transitive. To prepare (food) for cooking or eating; to season or cook (meat, fish, etc.). Now chiefly: to add a sauce to (food, esp. a salad).
ΘΚΠ
the world > food and drink > food > food manufacture and preparation > preparation for table or cooking > prepare food [verb (transitive)]
makeOE
dightc1320
dressa1325
array1366
prepare1490
guise1604
catea1617
trick1824
fix1839
get1873
nap1961
the world > food and drink > food > food manufacture and preparation > preparation for table or cooking > seasoning > season [verb (transitive)]
savourc1384
seasonc1400
condimentc1420
powder?c1425
saucea1438
pointa1450
tastea1577
palate1610
scent1655
condite1657
zest1705
kitchen1720
dress1795
flavour1830
to zing up1953
zap1979
a1325 Diuersa Cibaria in C. B. Hieatt & S. Butler Curye on Inglysch (1985) 57 Make god milke of alemauns..& colore hit wiþ saffron, & soþþen dresse, & strey þron greyns of poume gernet oþer of reysins.
1381 Diuersa Servicia in C. B. Hieatt & S. Butler Curye on Inglysch (1985) 69 Dresse þe sewe & dyins [read do þin] eggys þereon al ful, & kerf þy chese in lytyl schyuis & do hem in þe sewe wyþ eggys.
a1450 in T. Austin Two 15th-cent. Cookery-bks. (1888) 11 Make a dragge of powder Gyngere,..an caste þer-on When it is y-dressid.
a1450 (?a1300) Richard Coer de Lyon (Caius) (1810) l. 3510 Or ye come the flesch was dressyd.
c1540 in Coll. Ordinances Royal Househ. (1790) 236 That the Cookes and Boylers doe dresse the Meate well.
1582 N. Lichefield tr. F. L. de Castanheda 1st Bk. Hist. Discouerie E. Indias iv. f. D.iiv The fleete..were inforced to dresse their meate with salt water.
1602 J. Brereton Briefe Relation Discouerie Virginia 9 We..gaue them such meats as we had then readie dressed.
1645 J. Milton L'Allegro in Poems 34 Their savory dinner..Of Hearbs, and other Country Messes, Which the neat-handed Phillis dresses.
1673 R. Ligon True & Exact Hist. Island of Barbadoes 120 The Sea-men, who were the greater number, resolv'd, the Passengers should be drest and eaten, before any of them should goe to the Pot.
1736 T. Sheridan Let. 3 June in Lett. Swift (1768) VI. 163 Our breams here are exceedingly good and fat; we dress them with carp sauce.
1795 tr. K. P. Moritz Trav. Eng. 240 The sallad, for which they brought me all the ingredients, I was always obliged to dress myself.
1813 J. Austen Pride & Prejudice II. xvi. 188 These two girls had been..dressing a sallad and cucumber. View more context for this quotation
1866 H. Toogood Treasury Fr. Cookery 62 Dress the pike by the receipt for pike ‘au bleu’.
1950 E. G. Bradley Dearest Priscilla vii. 89 Perhaps you have gone out to dress the salad or see that the pudding has set.
2016 Guardian 30 Jan. (Weekend Suppl.) 65/4 Fat tubes of paccheri pasta..dressed in a ripe tomato and tuna sauce.
b. intransitive. With complement. Of food or a dish: to be able to be prepared in a specified way; to turn out well, badly, etc., when prepared or cooked. Now rare.
ΚΠ
1653 Duchess of Newcastle Poems & Fancies 82 For the Tast, meat dresses severall waies.
1804 ‘Ignotus’ Culina 27 This dish will dress very well with the cheese of our own country.
1858 Jrnl. Royal Agric. Soc. 19 i. 75 Potatoes so grown..dress badly.
1882 Handbk. Domest. Cookery xxiii. 252 Old potatoes dress better for being soaked all night in cold water.
1935 J. G. Lawson Farm Animals 20 Their meat dresses well, but is a little coarse and strong.
5.
a. transitive. To draw up or make ready for any purpose; to arrange, assemble, fit up. Now chiefly Angling: to prepare (an artificial fly) for use on a fish hook.
ΘΚΠ
the world > action or operation > undertaking > preparation > prepare [verb (transitive)] > prepare for a purpose
aturnc1220
apparelc1250
dressc1330
updressa1400
trim1517
tew1571
mount1622
pretreat1926
c1330 (?a1300) Richard Coer de Lyon (Auch.) l. 123 in Englische Studien (1885) 8 117 Drisses now ȝour mangunel & kestes to her tre castel.
c1384 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Douce 369(2)) (1850) John i. 23 Dresse [L. dirigite] ȝe the wey of the Lord, as Ysaye..seyde.
c1390 Pistel of Swete Susan (Vernon) l. 274 Nou þei dresse hire to deþ.
a1425 (?a1300) Kyng Alisaunder (Linc. Inn) (1952) l. 479 Neptanabus Made so strong sorcerye And dressed [c1400 Laud adressed] hit by the skye.
a1450 York Plays (1885) 366 A draughte..of drinke haue I dreste.
1530 Myroure Oure Ladye (Fawkes) (1873) ii. 226 A shypman..dresseth surely the ropes and shyp tacle.
1584 T. Hudson tr. G. de S. Du Bartas Hist. Judith iii. 36 And their, th'Inginers haue the Trepan drest, & reared vp the Ramme for batterie best.
a1598 A. Montgomerie Mindes Melodie (1605) sig. Bv A ditche is drest For me but loe my foes therein doe fall.
1676 Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 11 681 Galilæus..undertook to dress Tables of their Motions.
1763 J. Brown Diss. Poetry & Music v. 50 There was neither History nor Philosophy..but what was dressed by the Muses.
1834 T. Medwin Angler in Wales I. 34 To employ ourselves in dressing a few flies.
1881 Autobiogr. John Younger xxxii. 417 He came over to me, having heard that I dressed flies, and bought a dozen for eighteenpence.
1947 Country Life 23 May 965/1 I dress flies from the tail end upwards, which is probably old fashioned and not in accordance with modern practice.
2015 B. Veverka Spey Flies & how to Tie Them iv. 107/2 Contemporary fly tiers can use some of the larger low-water salmon hooks made by Partridge to dress their flies.
b. intransitive. To make preparations or arrangements. Obsolete. rare.
ΘΚΠ
the world > action or operation > undertaking > preparation > prepare or get ready [verb (intransitive)] > make preparations or arrangements
purveyc1300
providec1425
ordain1487
disponea1500
devisec1500
to take (an) order1545
dress1596
pipe lay1844
to do one's homework1915
legislate1925
1596 J. Dalrymple tr. J. Leslie Hist. Scotl. (1895) II. 445 He sendis Bischop Monluch..to handle with her, and dres anent the transporteng of the armie frome the Jnglis bordouris.
6. transitive (reflexive). To prepare oneself, get ready; to concentrate one's attention or energies on some forthcoming task, goal, or purpose. Also intransitive in same sense. Chiefly with to or for. Cf. address v. 17a. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
the world > action or operation > undertaking > preparation > prepare [verb (reflexive)]
yarec888
yarkc1000
graithc1230
dightc1275
to make yarec1290
arrayc1320
tirec1330
agraith1340
buska1350
readya1350
dressc1350
shapec1374
disposec1375
ordainc1380
rayc1380
makec1390
bouna1400
updressa1400
fettlec1400
address1447
ettlec1450
aready1470
to make oneself forth1488
busklea1555
poise1639
arrange1865
c1350 Apocalypse St. John: A Version (Harl. 874) (1961) 161 His wijf haþ dressed hir..Þe spouse of þe lombe bitokeneþ holy chirche.
c1390 (?c1350) St. Augustine l. 1645 in C. Horstmann Sammlung Altengl. Legenden (1878) 89 (MED) He dressed him to seye his preyere.
c1405 (c1390) G. Chaucer Man of Law's Tale (Hengwrt) (2003) l. 1002 Alla gan hym dresse And eek his wyf, this Emperour to meete.
c1440 (?a1400) Morte Arthure l. 1072 (MED) Dresse the now, dogge-sone..For þow sall dye this day thurghe dynt of my handez!
c1450 (?a1400) Wars Alexander (Ashm.) l. 3182 (MED) Ser Dary with his dukis eft drisis him to fiȝt.
1526 W. Bonde Pylgrimage of Perfection ii. sig. Siiiv Lette vs dresse our selfe to go forthe the iourney of lyfe.
c1540 (?a1400) Gest Historiale Destr. Troy (2002) f. 81 Þes drest for þe dede and droghen to ship.
1596 J. Dalrymple tr. J. Leslie Hist. Scotl. (1895) II. 75 The Hammiltounis vrges the Douglas, to dres him for the morne.
7. Military.
a. transitive. To draw up (troops) into proper alignment; to form (troops) into a phalanx or line of battle. Also occasionally in extended use. to dress (one's) ranks: to form a straight line, following drill procedure.
ΘΚΠ
society > armed hostility > military operations > distribution of troops > [verb (transitive)] > draw up (troops) > in line or rank > in proper alignment
dressa1382
rank1573
a1382 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Bodl. 959) (1963) Judges xx. 22 Þe sonys of israel..in þe same place in whiche raþere þei stryuen þei dressedyn þe scheltrome.
a1425 (c1395) Bible (Wycliffite, L.V.) (Royal) (1850) Josh. viii. 13 Al the tothir oost dresside scheltroun [L. aciem dirigebat] to the north.
a1470 T. Malory Morte Darthur (Winch. Coll. 13) (1990) I. 27 Whan hit ys daylyght, dresse youre batayle evyn before them.
1637 R. Monro Abridgem. Exerc. in Exped. Scots Regim. ii. 189 Having commanded the Souldiers to dresse their rancks and files, and to carry their Muskets handsomly keeping silence.
1678 A. Lovell tr. La Fontaine Mil. Duties Cavalry 6 Before the Command be given, they must dress their files and ranks.
1749 Rep. Conduct Sir J. Cope 54 The Artillery to have been posted on the Right of the Line, and dressed straight with it.
1796 J. G. Stedman Narr. Exped. Surinam I. viii. 185 The whole party being dressed in one rank, face to the right.
1859 F. A. Griffiths Artillerist's Man. (1862) 159 The subalterns dress and correct the line of tents.
1885 R. J. Martin Doctor Faust & Miss Marguerite iv. 40 Fall in I said, I didn't say fall out. Come, dress your ranks.
1966 A. McKee Vimy Ridge viii. 108 I heard a command that I could not understand : ‘Right dress ranks’. And these kilted men dressed ranks under sniper fire.
1984 W. J. Wood Leaders & Battles Prol. 18 Sergeants dressed the ranks into rigid lines.
2005 E. J. Raus Banners South vii. 181 After they had climbed what remained of the roadside fence..the officers dressed ranks and swung the left of the line forward to align on the embankment.
b. intransitive. Of troops: to form in proper alignment; to come into the correct place in the line. Also occasionally in extended use. to dress right (also left): to form a straight line, using a right (also left) guide as a reference point. dress right, dress: (as a drill command) ‘place yourself in a straight line, aligning to the right’.
ΘΚΠ
society > armed hostility > military operations > distribution of troops > formation > form or reform [verb (intransitive)] > fall into line > form up in proper alignment
dress1727
1727 H. Bland Treat. Mil. Discipline vi. 76 The two Divisions of Drummers on the Right and Left are to post themselves on the Flanks, and Dress in a Line with the Front Rank.
1796 Instr. & Regulations Cavalry 69 When marching in line, each squadron dresses to its own center.
1798 Compl. Drill Serjeant (ed. 2) 6 At the word Dress, each man will cast his eyes to the point he is to dress to.
1853 J. H. Stocqueler Mil. Encycl. 87/2 Soldiers dress by one another in ranks, and the body collectively by some given object.
1888 Notes & Queries 7th Ser. 5 344 All that remains of the west sides of the square..is continued on the same plan as the brick house, and dresses with it in height.
1918 H. C. Ramsey Elem. Naval Ordnance & Gunnery xxvii. 391 If the first company arrived first on the right of the new line, it would ‘dress right’ and its guides would face to the right.
1975 N. H. Dolloff Heat Death & Phoenix i. 13Dress right, dress! Present arms!’ A command increases the amount of order. Every rifle is at the vertical, a deviation receives a reprimand.
2005 E. J. Raus Banners South viii. 181 Bayonets clattered onto rifles, and the line dressed as if on parade.
8. transitive. To place or set in position; to position, by way of adjustment. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
the world > space > place > placing or fact of being placed in (a) position > place or put in a position [verb (transitive)]
doeOE
layc950
seta1000
puta1225
dight1297
pilt?a1300
stow1362
stick1372
bestowc1374
affichea1382
posec1385
couchc1386
dressa1387
assize1393
yarkc1400
sita1425
place1442
colloque1490
siegea1500
stake1513
win1515
plat1529
collocate1548
campc1550
posit1645
posture1645
constitute1652
impose1681
sist1852
shove1902
spot1937
a1387 J. Trevisa tr. R. Higden Polychron. (St. John's Cambr.) (1879) VII. 71 He [sc. Gerebertus]..dressed hym [L. se occuluit] under a treen brugge..and heng by þe armes.
c1405 (c1395) G. Chaucer Clerk's Tale (Hengwrt) (2003) l. 381 A coroune on hir heed thay han ydressed.
c1450 (?a1400) Sege Melayne (1880) l. 835 Thay dressede on hym a dyademe.
a1533 Ld. Berners tr. Arthur of Brytayn (?1560) lxxvii. sig. Tvv How Arthur dressed downe one of the corners of her keuerchefe aboute her necke.
9.
a. transitive (reflexive). To adopt or maintain an upright position or posture; to rise, raise oneself, stand up. Also intransitive in same sense. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
the world > space > relative position > posture > action of standing up or rising > rise [verb (reflexive)]
risec1175
arearc1220
right?c1225
to do up?c1335
dressa1400
raisec1450
to stand up1533
rearc1580
upend1900
a1400 Prose Life Christ (Pepys) (1922) 42 (MED) Jesus..heled a womman þat was..croked..sche ne myȝth nouȝth dressen hire to sytten vp.
c1400 (?c1390) Sir Gawain & Green Knight (1940) l. 566 He..dresseȝ on þe morn, Askeȝ erly hys armeȝ.
c1400 (?a1300) Kyng Alisaunder (Laud) (1952) l. 3369 (MED) Archilaus hym dresseþ [Fr. se dresce] and askeþ paise.
1481 W. Caxton tr. Siege & Conqueste Jerusalem (1893) cxcviii. 288 He dressyd hym on his steroppes.
a1500 (?c1450) Merlin xxix. 581 (MED) As soone as the kynge looth hym [sc. Arthur] saugh, he lepe on his feet..and a-noon the princes hem dressed in honour and reuerence to hym.
a1533 Ld. Berners tr. Arthur of Brytayn (?1560) lxv. sig. P.ivv/1 Se howe he dresseth hymselfe on his horse.
b. transitive. To place (a thing) upright; to erect, raise, put up. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
the world > space > relative position > vertical position > make vertical [verb (transitive)] > make upright or erect
rearOE
rightOE
to set upa1225
raisea1250
upreara1300
risea1400
to dress upc1400
stand?a1425
upsetc1440
dress1490
to stick up1528
arrect1530
erect1557
prick1566
upright1590
mounta1616
the world > space > relative position > posture > action of standing up or rising > rise or be standing [verb (intransitive)] > rise
arisec1000
astandOE
standOE
to stand upOE
risec1175
risec1175
runge?c1225
uprisea1300
upstanda1300
buskc1390
to fare upa1400
to get upa1400
to win upona1400
dress1490
upget1582
up1635
raise1884
1490 W. Caxton tr. Foure Sonnes of Aymon (1885) xxii. 476 That the gibet be dressed all hie vpon the gate.
1530 J. Palsgrave Lesclarcissement Table of Verbes f. ccxxv/1 I Dresse I set vp ryght..Dresse this olde ymage agaynst the wall.
c1580 ( tr. Bk. Alexander (1927) III. ii. l. 7287 Quhen Alexander..Saw the standart dressed hey.
1684 tr. F. Bernier in tr. J.-B. Tavernier et al. Coll. Trav. II. 126 Some shall go to dress their Tents on the side of the river Tehenau.
10. transitive. To brush, arrange, or style (a person's hair). Cf. address v. 10c.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > attention and judgement > beautification > beautification of the person > beautification of the hair > beautify (the hair) [verb (transitive)]
dressa1400
cherish1519
addressa1522
barbera1616
do1750
coif1835
coiffure1906
a1400 (c1303) R. Mannyng Handlyng Synne (Harl.) l. 4294 (MED) When he cumþ vnto þe messe, Þere behoueþ hym hys here dresse.
c1450 in Archiv f. das Studium der Neueren Sprachen (1913) 131 61 (MED) Blissed be thyn here wich fro thyn hede schede..To dresse thyn here..who couthe demyne So plesande a wighte als þi babe..His fingers smale dide kembe it well and fyne.
1509 S. Hawes Pastyme of Pleasure (de Worde) xxx. sig. N.iv Her shynynge here so proprely she dresses.
1599 A. M. tr. O. Gaebelkhover Bk. Physicke ii. 259/2 Pingvefye the hayrebrushe in Hartes marrowe, or in stale Bitches milcke, when as you will dresse your hayre.
1637 P. Holland tr. W. Camden Brit. 61 Certaine slaves bought for mony were attired, and their hair dressed as captives of that country.
1663 S. Pepys Diary 13 July (1971) IV. 230 Her hair dressed a la negligence.
1753 Chambers's Cycl. Suppl. at Tutulus Among the Romans, a manner of dressing the hair, by gathering it up on the forehead into the form of a tower.
1770 L. Fay I born Parisian (single sheet) To dress hair in the newest ridiculous way.
1835 C. Thirlwall Hist. Greece I. viii. 333 He dressed his hair and crowned himself for a battle as others for a feast.
1901 Daily News 23 Mar. 6/6 The hair dressed low in the neck and arranged in a Pompadour roll round the face.
1936 M. R. Anand Coolie iii. 116 He..would start to dress his hair as he had seen the chota Babu dress it in Sham Nagar.
2009 E. Wilks Mortal Sins 255 She hadn't dressed the hair of any of the dead.
11.
a. transitive. To make orderly, set to rights; to manage, bring under control; to tidy. Now rare (Irish English and English regional (northern) in later use).
ΘΚΠ
the world > relative properties > order > put in (proper) order [verb (transitive)]
rightlOE
attire1330
ettlea1350
to set (also put) in rulea1387
redress1389
dress?a1400
fettlea1400
governc1405
yraylle1426
direct1509
settlec1530
tune1530
instruct1534
rede1545
commodate1595
square1596
concinnate1601
concinnea1620
rectify1655
fix1663
to put (also bring) into repair1673
arrange1802
pipeclay1806
to get together1810
to do up1886
to jack up1939
?a1400 (a1338) R. Mannyng Chron. (Petyt) (1996) ii. l. 7990 Þe kyng dos wardeyns wise to kepe þe lond & dres, þe folk forto iustise.
c1440 (?a1400) Morte Arthure l. 46 Danmarke he dryssede all by drede of hym seluyn.
a1500 Partenay (Trin. Cambr.) l. 2179 Sarisins strong Asseilede..The cite..And strongly gan thaim payn To..take by assaute that hour..trowed it to dresse.
1570 in J. Cranstoun Satirical Poems Reformation (1891) I. x. 117 All thing ȝeid weill and wes weill drest, In..peace.
1607 A. Seton Let. 9 Apr. in Lett. & State Papers Reign James VI (1838) 111 All thair differences wald be setled and dressit with their awin freyndis.
1672 Acct. Bk. Sir J. Foulis (1894) 9 To the wright..for dressing some things about ye house.
a1919 W. B. Kendall Forness Word Bk. (Cumbria County Archives, Barrow) (transcript of MS) Dress..to put in order.
1998 T. P. Dolan Dict. Hiberno-Eng. 95/1 Dress, to tidy up, set in order.
b. transitive. To redress or remedy (a grievance, ill, etc.). Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
the world > action or operation > amending > put right [verb (transitive)] > put right (a wrong or loss)
winc1220
righta1275
astorec1300
addressa1325
reform1405
dressc1410
redressa1413
arightc1420
refound1497
richa1500
redub1531
repair1533
to make good1569
reducec1592
remend1592
to set up1610
to get up1688
c1410 (c1350) Gamelyn (Harl. 7334) l. 848 Thow hast ȝeuen domes þat ben yuel dight, I wil sitten in þy sete and dressen hem aright.
c1449 R. Pecock Repressor (1860) 73 (MED) God wolde not..sende him [Scriptures] to resoun for to be interpretid..and dressid into trewe and dewe sense and vndirstonding.
a1460 tr. Dicts & Sayings Philosophers (Helm.) (1999) 251 The besynesses of this worlde bene dressed [Fr. adressees] by two thinges.
a1500 (?a1475) Guy of Warwick (Cambr. Ff.2.38) l. 3189 (MED) What thynge..That hath þe greuyd..Hyt schall be dressyd thys ylke day.
1568 A. Scott Poems (1896) xx. 7 Scho..Quhilk suld thy dolour dress.
12. transitive. To treat (a person) in a certain way; spec. to treat (a person) appropriately or fittingly. In later use chiefly ironically: to administer a deserved beating to, to thrash; to reprimand severely. Cf. also to dress down 1 at Phrasal verbs. Now rare (English regional (northern) in later use). to dress a person's jacket: to give a person a thrashing; cf. jacket n. Phrases 3.
ΘΚΠ
society > authority > punishment > corporal punishment > administer corporal punishment [verb (transitive)] > beat
threshOE
beatc1000
to lay on?c1225
chastise1362
rapa1400
dressc1405
lack?c1475
paya1500
currya1529
coil1530
cuff1530
baste1533
thwack1533
lick1535
firka1566
trounce1568
fight1570
course1585
bumfeage1589
feague1589
lamback1589
lambskin1589
tickle1592
thrash1593
lam1595
bumfeagle1598
comb1600
fer1600
linge1600
taw1600
tew1600
thrum1604
feeze1612
verberate1614
fly-flap1620
tabor1624
lambaste1637
feak1652
flog1676
to tan (a person's) hide1679
slipper1682
liquora1689
curry-comb1708
whack1721
rump1735
screenge1787
whale1790
lather1797
tat1819
tease1819
larrup1823
warm1824
haze1825
to put (a person) through a course of sprouts1839
flake1841
swish1856
hide1875
triangle1879
to give (a person or thing) gyp1887
soak1892
to loosen (a person's) hide1902
the mind > attention and judgement > contempt > disapproval > rebuke or reproof > rebuke or reprove [verb (transitive)] > severely
dressc1405
wipe1523
to take up1530
whip1530
to shake upa1556
trounce1607
castigatea1616
lasha1616
objurgate1616
thunderstrike1638
snub1672
drape1683
cut1737
rowa1798
score1812
to dress down1823
to pitch into ——1823
wig1829
to row (a person) up1838
to catch or get Jesse1839
slate1840
drop1853
to drop (down) to or on (to)1859
to give (a person) rats1862
to jump upon1868
to give (a person) fits1871
to give it to someone (pretty) stiff1880
lambaste1886
ruck1899
bollock1901
bawl1903
scrub1911
burn1914
to hang, draw, and quarter1930
to tear a strip off1940
to tear (someone) off a strip1940
brass1943
rocket1948
bitch1952
tee1955
fan-
c1405 (c1395) G. Chaucer Merchant's Tale (Hengwrt) (2003) l. 1117 Vn to the tree he caste his eyen two And say þt Damyan his wyf had dressed In swich manere, it may nat ben expressed [etc.].
1488 (c1478) Hary Actis & Deidis Schir William Wallace (Adv.) (1968–9) x. l. 257 Than Sothron saw off thar gud men so drest, Langar to bid thai thocht it nocht the best.
c1500 (?a1437) Kingis Quair (1939) clxxiii From day to day so sore here artow drest.
1573 J. Davidson Breif Commendatioun Vprichtnes xl. 268 The Apostillis..Reioysit that for Christ sa thay were drest.
1603 Philotus cx. sig. D4v Our Parents hes opprest, And by all dew thair Dochters drest.
1679 Faithful Acct. of Behaviour of Essex Free-holders 6 They dressed the Rogues..as they were never dressed in their lives.
1723 S. Centlivre Artifice iii. i. 42 S'Blead, an yow were a Man I'd dress your Jacket for yow.
1785 M. Lonsdale Spanish Rivals (new ed.) i. 9 He would dress my jacket, an I were to tell him on't.
1850 J. S. Blackie in tr. Æschylus Lyrical Dramas II. 302 So we say allegorically to trim one handsomely, to dress him, when we mean to punish.
1896 Atalanta 9 740 His lordship's hand groped for his big oaken staff. ‘Hold your tongue, fellow, or I'll dress your jacket for you!’ he snarled.
1995 J. M. Sims-Kimbrey Wodds & Doggerybaw: Lincs. Dial. Dict. 84/1 Dress, to beat; i.e. give a beating to.
13. transitive. To divide into pieces; to cut up. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
the world > relative properties > wholeness > mutual relation of parts to whole > separation > action of dividing or divided condition > divide [verb (transitive)]
to-shedc888
to-dealeOE
dealc950
twemea1023
to-doOE
to-shiftc1122
brittenc1175
sunderc1230
depart1297
parta1300
twain15..
dividec1380
minisha1382
dressc1410
dissever1417
sever1435
quarterc1440
distinct1526
videc1540
disperse1548
several1570
separate1581
dirempt1587
distinguish1609
piecemeal1611
discrete1624
dispart1629
slit1645
parcel1652
canton1653
tripartite1653
split1707
carve1711
scind1869
the mind > possession > giving > distributing or dealing out > distribute or deal out [verb (transitive)] > divide into shares > divide and share out
dealc1000
shiftc1000
to-partc1325
partc1330
departa1340
divide1377
portion?a1400
dressc1410
parcel1416
skiftc1420
describe1535
repart1540
sever1548
disparklea1552
enterparten1556
share1577
to share out1583
repartitec1603
dispart1629
parcena1641
cavel1652
partage1660
split1674
snack1675
partition1740
scantle1749
appart1798
whack1819
divvy1877
number1887
cut1928
c1410 (c1350) Gamelyn (Harl. 7334) l. 36 Dresseþ my lond among my sones þre.
a1475 Liber Cocorum (Sloane) (1862) 21 Take onyons..And dresshe hom smalle.
c1540 (?a1400) Gest Historiale Destr. Troy (2002) f. 183 Till ho duly were ded & dressit in pesis.
14. transitive. To clean, treat, or apply a dressing to (a wound, sore, etc.). Formerly also: †to treat or attend to (a wounded person) (obsolete). Also in figurative contexts.
ΘΚΠ
the world > health and disease > healing > medical treatment > treatment by topical applications > treat by topical applications [verb (transitive)] > dress a wound
agraith1340
dighta1400
dress1471
panse1576
1471 J. Paston in Paston Lett. & Papers (2004) I. 437 He is hurte wyth an arow..and I haue sent hym a sorion whyche hathe dressid hym.
1526 Bible (Tyndale) Luke x. f. xciijv [He] brought hym to a commen hostry, and drest hym.
1603 R. Knolles Gen. Hist. Turkes 120 The wound..had beene..well dressed by the..surgeons.
1627 J. Bulteel tr. P. de Mornay Three Medit. 93 God dresseth our sinne.
1675 Philos. Trans. 10 1409 He saw his Wound several times when his Surgeons dress'd him, and was Godfather to one or two of his Children after his Recovery.
1739 J. Sparrow tr. H. F. Le Dran Observ. Surg. xxxix. 147 I dressed him..with the common Digestive.
1788 J. Foot Ess. Bite of Mad Dog 65 We dressed the wound with lint.
1830 N.Y. Med. Jrnl. 1 263 Dress sore with lint, wet with solution of nitrate of silver.
1883 R. L. Stevenson Treasure Island xxviii. 227 The blood-stained bandage round his head told that he had recently been wounded, and still more recently dressed.
1912 Z. Grey Riders Purple Sage vi. 65 Jane Withersteen..dressed the gunshot wound in his arm.
1958 Nursing (St. John Ambulance Assoc.) xvi. 209 One person..removes the soiled dressings and re-dresses the wound.
2003 A. Barcroft Aloe Vera 255 I also dressed his leg with an aloe vera and bee propolis cream (a natural antibiotic from the beehive).
15.
a.
(a) transitive. To treat or prepare in a way proper to the natural character or properties of a thing; to subject to a preparatory process such as cleaning, smoothing, refining, etc.
ΘΚΠ
the world > action or operation > undertaking > preparation > prepare [verb (transitive)] > for use > in an appropriate manner
dress1501
society > occupation and work > industry > building or constructing > building or constructing with stone > build or construct with stone [verb (transitive)] > dress stone
scapple1443
dress1501
broach1544
scabble1620
scalp1725
bed1793
rough-dress1807
hammer-dress1837
scapple-dress1840
scutch1848
1501 in J. B. Paul Accts. Treasurer Scotl. (1900) II. 103 The masonis..that dres the allouring to Strivelin.
?1523 J. Fitzherbert Bk. Husbandry f. xliiv Dresse the wode and bowe it clene.
1559 P. Morwyng tr. C. Gesner Treasure of Euonymus 15 Hoate oyles chymistically drest and prepared.
1622 in J. Imrie & J. G. Dunbar Accts. Masters of Wks. (1982) II. 144 The Inglisman and his man that did dres lyme and hair and did furneish it to the pointing of the great lead heidis at Edinburgh castell.
1696 A. de la Pryme Diary 29 Mar. (1870) i. 85 As her father was dressing a great pond..there was cast up out of it three or four score little pretty images.
1747 W. Hooson Miners Dict. sig. 8j Scafflings [is] what comes off from the Ore in dressing it..which is called also by the name of Chippings.
1791 J. Smeaton Narr. Edystone Lighthouse §223 The trenails having been previously dressed with a plane.
1805 Repertory of Arts, Manuf. & Agric. 7 323 When dressed, the tiles are paired face to face, and chequered.
1879 Cassell's Techn. Educator (new ed.) IV. 50/1 The surface..is dressed with a little oxide.
1894 Gloss. Terms Evid. Royal Comm. Labour 38/1 in Parl. Papers 1893–4 (C. 7063–VC) XXXVIII. 411 The slaked lime powder is passed through a sieve to remove coarse particles, and this operation is known as dressing lime.
1951 Pop. Sci. Apr. 237 Dress fly lines regularly with fly-line dressing to make them float.
2010 Hand Tools Essent. (Editors Popular Woodworking) iv. xxvii. 154 You can easily dress a stone by rubbing it on #220-grit silicon carbide paper.
(b) intransitive. With complement. To acquire a specified appearance, texture, or consistency after treatment; to respond easily, well, etc., to smoothing, trimming, or some other preparatory process.
ΚΠ
1802 Naval Chron. 9 293 A rove-ash oar that will dress clean and light, is too pliant.
1854 H. Miller My Schools & Schoolmasters (1858) 269 It was a hard..stone, but dressed readily to pick and hammer.
1893 Railroad Gaz. 25 730 But the ‘Wild rock’ does not dress easily and is used for rubble masonry, dock filling, etc., so that it may be broken up and sent to waste.
1910 H. E. Downer Hist. Davenport & Scott County Iowa I. 215 The rock dresses very well under the hammer.
1923 Mariner's Mirror June 189/2 Chestnut wood dresses to a nice smooth surface and does not readily splinter.
2007 Encycl. Wood (U.S. Dept. Agric.) (rev. ed.) i. 26/2 The wood dresses smoothly in most operations and finishes well.
b. transitive. To prepare, treat, or curry (leather or an animal skin).
ΘΚΠ
society > occupation and work > industry > working with specific materials > working with skins > work with skins [verb (transitive)] > other processes
curry14..
shave1467
dress1511
slaughter1603
raise1607
scutch1688
chamois1728
braya1835
break1842
fellmonger1843
fire-cure1848
crimp1849
board1860
pebble1862
soft-board1878
sam1883
stock1883
nourish1884
buff1885
pinwheel1885
sammy1885
wheel1885
unlime1888
1511–12 Act 3 Henry VIII c. 10 in Statutes of Realm (1963) III. 31 Whiche Ledder..the same persones corye and dresse in theyr owne houses.
1578 H. Lyte tr. R. Dodoens Niewe Herball vi. xxvii. 692 In Brabant..the Corriers and Leather dressers..do trimme and dresse Leather like Spanishe skinnes.
1607 E. Topsell Hist. Foure-footed Beastes 143 The skinnes of Dogges are dressed for gloues, and close Bootes.
1695 P. Motteux tr. F. Pidou de St. Olon Present State Morocco 140 The Red Morocco Leather..is drest in that City [sc. Fez], and is the finest in all Barbary.
1737 S.-Carolina Gaz. 29 Oct. 4/2 Robinson..dresses Buck Skins, prepares Alom Leather.., and likewise buys Buck skins.
1791 J. Boswell Life Johnson anno 1776 II. 35 I observed them..dressing sheepskins.
1837 N. Whittock et al. Compl. Bk. Trades 173 In dressing leather..the first operation on the skins is steeping them until they are thoroughly wetted.
1875 E. H. Knight Amer. Mech. Dict. II. 980/2 Glassing,..the operation of dressing leather on the grain side by a tool consisting of a glass slip set in a wooden handle.
1957 L. G. Green Beyond City Lights 236 The kreupelboom bark was used for dressing and tanning leather.
2006 Russia & CIS Statistics Weekly (Nexis) 6 Mar. Tanning skins & dressing leather; production of luggage, handbags, harness & saddle products.
c. transitive. To treat (cloth) so as to give a nap, smooth surface, or gloss.
ΘΚΠ
the world > textiles and clothing > textiles > textile manufacture > manufacture textile fabric or that which consists of > manufacture of textile fabric > treating or processing textile fabric > treat or process textile fabric [verb (transitive)] > dress
tuck1377
dress1513
drivea1661
dub1802
1513–14 Act 5 Henry VIII c. 3 in Statutes of Realm (1963) III. 93 Marchauntes should be bounden to dresse every white Cloth..on thisside the See after they have bought theym.
1530 J. Palsgrave Lesclarcissement iii. f. ccxxv I dresse an olde garment I rayse the woll of it to make it seme newe agayne.
1570 P. Levens Manipulus Vocabulorum sig. Giii/1 To Dresse cloth, concinnare.
1614 A. Munday Himatia-poleos 2 The Wooll-winder..did carde and spinne his wooll, then weaue it into cloth, full, rowe, sheare, dresse, and dye it.
1650 H. Halhead Inclosure Thrown Open 11 The Fuller that dresseth Northern Cloth.
1724 N. Bailey Universal Etymol. Eng. Dict. (ed. 2) Burl, to dress Cloths as Fullers do.
1790 E. Mure Mem. in J. G. Fyfe Sc. Diaries & Mem. (1942) 65 Few of the maids could either sew or dress linen.
1817 Parl. Deb. 1st Ser. 35 323 In respect also to the manner in which the cloth is dressed, the petitioners confidently affirm that the cloth finished by machinery possesses no advantage whatever over the cloth dressed by hand.
1879 Cassell's Techn. Educator (new ed.) IV. 235/2 The white cloths..sent to Holland to be dyed and dressed.
1998 Isis 89 247 The early technical problems of coloring and dressing cloth to cover boards in place of paper were solved.
d. transitive. Type-founding. To finish (newly cast type) by smoothing, aligning, and adjusting for height. Now historical.
ΚΠ
1683 J. Moxon Mech. Exercises II. 194 This pair of Dressing-sticks will serve to Dress Brevier, Long-Primmer, and Pica.
1839 W. Nichol in T. C. Hansard Print. & Type-founding 231 The letters are then set up in a long stick, and again dressed.
1888 Encycl. Brit. XXIII. 699/2 The types are then dressed and the picker takes them in hand.
1992 N. Barker Aldus Manutius & Devel. of Greek Script (ed. 2) vi. 76 Fitting body to body..would present severe difficulties, both in casting and (much more) in dressing the type.
16. transitive. To groom or curry (a horse). Also in figurative contexts. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
the world > food and drink > farming > animal husbandry > keeping or management of horses > [verb (transitive)] > groom horse
curryc1290
scrub13..
shruba1400
kembc1400
dress1510
to rub down1593
wispa1598
curry-comb1708
groom1809
strap1854
1510 Lytel Treat. Byrth & Prophecye of Marlyn (de Worde) sig. E.i On the morowe whan it was lyght They dressed [a1425 Linc. Inn dyȝt] theyr hors & made them yare.
1566 W. Painter Palace of Pleasure I. xxxvii. f. 93 Daily when he had dressed his horsse, he gaue hymself to plaie with the children.
1623 G. Markham Cheape & Good Husb. (ed. 3) i. vi. 61 Dresse your horse twice a day when hee rests, and once when he trauels.
1651 C. Walker High Court of Justice 10 To make Religion but a stalking horse..and the Ministers thereof but hostlers, to rub down, curry and dresse it for their riding.
1684 R. Howlett School Recreat. 28 Dress your Horse twice a day, before you Water him, both Morning, and Evening.
1772 A. Fitz-Adam World I. 101 I have heard a stranger ask a man of quality how often he dressed, and watered his horses.
1829 J. Lawrence Horse 100 For the groom's security, whilst dressing the horse, there is a convenience in front above the manger, for confining the horse by the noseband.
1870 Blaine's Encycl. Rural Sports (rev. ed.) 304 It is not only to remove dirt and to make the coat shine that we dress horses, but..to ensure their health.
17. transitive. To cultivate, prune, or tend (a field, garden, plant, etc.); to treat or lightly cover with manure, fertilizer, or other nutrients. Also in figurative contexts. Cf. top-dress v.
ΘΚΠ
the world > food and drink > farming > cultivation or tillage > cultivate or till [verb (transitive)]
begoc890
workOE
tillc1200
exercise1382
dightc1400
labourc1400
manure1416
cultive?1483
tilth1496
culture1510
trim1517
dress1526
subdue1535
toil1552
use1558
farm1570
cultivate1588
tame1601
husbandize1625
culturate1631
to take in1845
the world > food and drink > farming > cultivation or tillage > cultivation of plants or crops > cultivate plants or crops [verb (transitive)]
tilla1325
raisec1384
uprearc1400
nourisha1500
cherish1519
dig1526
dress1526
govern1532
manure?c1550
rear1581
nurse1594
tame1601
crop1607
cultive1614
cultivate1622
ingentle1622
tend1631
make1714
peck1728
grow1774
farm1793
culture1809
side-dress1888
double-crop1956
produce2006
1526 W. Bonde Pylgrimage of Perfection i. sig. Diii They laboured and dressed the wynyarde of god by holy werkes of feyth.
1597 W. Shakespeare Richard II iii. iv. 57 He had not so trimde, And drest his land as we this garden. View more context for this quotation
1635 E. Pagitt Relig. Britons in Christianogr. 36 Some wrought in the Gardens, others dressed the Orchards.
1648 S. Danforth Almanack 3 A skilfull Husband-man he was who brought This matchles plant from far... And with a tender care it setts and dresses.
a1708 W. Beveridge Private Thoughts Christian Life (1712) 140 St. Paul who had planted a Church..left him to dress and propagate it.
1775 J. Anderson Ess. Agric. i. 45 Having then had occasion to dress a garden that was surrounded by an old hedge.
1793 W. Tench Compl. Acct. Settlem. Port Jackson 163 Provided a sufficient number of cattle be imported to afford manure for dressing the ground, no doubt can exist, that subsistence..may be drawn.
1843 Jrnl. Royal Agric. Soc. 4 i. 22 The leaves are allowed to rot and dress the ground.
1881 C. Whitehead Hops 8 Sets are cut in the early spring..when the plants are dressed.
1970 J. E. Adams Competent to Counsel (1986) viii. 128 Man's task was no longer to trim and dress the garden.
2015 Sc. Daily Mail (Nexis) 16 May 91 These are hungry plants so dress your soil with manure or fertiliser.
18. transitive. To train or break in (a horse or other riding animal). Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
the world > food and drink > farming > animal husbandry > animal keeping practices general > [verb (transitive)] > tame or train
temec1000
tamec1315
faite1362
daunt1377
afaitea1393
reclaima1393
chastisec1400
makea1425
meekc1429
break1474
enter1490
train?1532
law1534
dressc1540
meeken1591
correct1594
subjugate1595
cicure1599
unwild1605
cicurate1606
mancipate1623
familiarize1634
domesticate1641
gentle1651
domesticize1656
civilize1721
educate1760
domiciliate1782
the world > food and drink > farming > animal husbandry > keeping or management of horses > [verb (transitive)] > break a horse
break1474
dressc1540
back1594
gentle1651
rough1802
bust1885
c1540 (?a1400) Gest Historiale Destr. Troy (2002) f. 96v Two dromoudarijs drowe hit dressit þerfore.
1597 W. Shakespeare Richard II v. v. 80 That horse, that I so carefully haue drest . View more context for this quotation
1651 tr. H. Wotton Panegyrick King Charles in H. Wotton Reliquiæ Wottonianæ (1672) 155 The great horse whom already dressed, no man can more skilfully manage, or better break if rough and furious.
1664 T. Killigrew Thomaso i. ii in Comedies & Trag. 316 Give me a Hawk in flying, a Hound that's made, a Horse that's drest.
1743 J. Brindley tr. Duke of Newcastle Gen. Syst. Horsemanship I. iii. ix. 77 I recommend this method of mine..to dress horses in all kinds of airs.
1771 R. Berenger Hist. & Art Horsemanship I. 169 They all having been carefully handled, dressed, or maneged.
19.
a. transitive. To remove chaff and other refuse matter from (corn); to winnow (grain, wheat, etc.). Now historical and English regional.
ΘΚΠ
the world > food and drink > food > food manufacture and preparation > preparation of grain > [verb (transitive)] > clean grain
dress1552
spelt1570
falter1601
geld1601
evaginate1661
third1683
rough1799
1552 R. Huloet Abcedarium Anglico Latinum sig. Cc.ij/2 Riddle whyche husbande men vse to dresse or trimme corne with.
1635 F. Quarles Emblemes ii. vii. 90 Teach me skill To dresse and chuse the Corn, take those the Chaffe that will.
1657 F. Roberts Mysterium & Medulla Bibliorum ii. i. 51 Weeding the Corn, Reaping it, In-gathering it, Thrashing it, Winnowing it, Grinding it, Dressing it, Kneading it, Baking it in the Oven.
1710 H. Prideaux Orig. & Right Tithes ii. 76 Corn Threshed, Winnowed, and Dressed.
1826 J. Atkinson Acct. Agric. & Grazing New S. Wales 30 Perhaps the Settler is sufficiently rich..to procure a small steel mill and wire sieve for grinding and dressing his wheat into flour.
1851 Official Descriptive & Illustr. Catal. Great Exhib. II. 371 A machine for dressing grain, being an improved winnowing machine.
1932 A. Bell Cherry Tree (1985) vii. 76 Here Todd dressed the corn that was for seed.
1991 Hist. Workshop Spring 203 Elin..supervised servants, dressed corn, and attended market.
1994 C. Upton et al. Surv. Eng. Dial.: Dict. & Gram. Dress, to winnow.
b. transitive. Mining. To prepare (ore, metal) for smelting, refining, etc., by removing as much of the unwanted material as possible.
ΚΠ
1608 [implied in: 1608 in R. W. Cochran-Patrick Early Rec. Mining Scotl. (1878) 148 Money debursit vpoun the dressing of the ore. For ane wesching tub and ane wesching kitt, xviijs. (at dressing n. 3a)].
1671 Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 6 2096 (title) The way of dressing and of blowing tin.
1753 Chambers's Cycl. Suppl. Dressing of ores; the preparing of them as they come rough from the mine, for the working by fire.
1851 Official Descriptive & Illustr. Catal. Great Exhib. I. 161 Apparatus used for dressing the inferior copper ores..for dressing the poorer portion of the mineral from the tye.
1952 T. Armstrong Adam Brunskill vi. 192 So Mary Level ore is dressed on the spot, but the Notion Level stuff is taken up there.
2010 B. L. Walker Toxic Archipel. iii. 89 Workers on an assembly line dressed the ore.
c. transitive. To remove (something) in the process of preparing, cleaning, or purifying. With from, off, out of. Now somewhat rare.
ΘΚΠ
the world > space > place > removal or displacement > remove or displace [verb (transitive)] > clear out or away
kill?c1225
purge1340
void1390
roota1398
devoida1400
rida1450
betwechec1450
redd1479
to make (clean, quick, etc.) riddance1528
expurge1542
vacuate1572
free1599
cleanse1628
rede1638
to clear out1655
dress1701
to clear away1711
to clear off1766
dissaturate1866
cancel1990
1701 C. Wooley Two Years Jrnl. N.-Y. 70 They fence..their graves about..dressing the weeds from them.
1769 E. Raffald Experienced Eng. House-keeper xiii. 278 Kill your Pig, dress off the Hair.
1851 Official Descriptive & Illustr. Catal. Great Exhib. II. 229 For the purpose of dressing the remaining sand off it [sc. a casting].
1858 Jrnl. Royal Agric. Soc. 19 i. 218 Vast quantities of the seeds of the cotton-plant are dressed out of the cottons.
1954 R. Wailes Eng. Windmill xvi. 140 The bolters and the wire machines, which were used for dressing flour from the bran and middlings.
2012 Internat. Jrnl. Hist. Archaeology 16 358 Uncarved fragments that were dressed off the cross-face.
20.
a. transitive. To cut up or divide (an animal or its meat) for food in the manner of a butcher. Now also spec.: to remove the internal organs from (hunted game) soon after the kill, primarily to aid the cooling of the carcass; = field-dress v.
ΚΠ
1559 W. Bavand tr. J. Ferrarius Common Weale iii. vi. f. 48 To what ende serues beefe..and other suche kind of cates, which we prouide to be dressed for vs: if that vitaillours, bouchers, and hucksters, maye at their pleasure enhaunce the prices.
1653 J. W. tr. W. Small Exact Coll. Choice Declar. 66 By a great part of that time at London in the Parish, &c. the art of a Butcher..to kill and dresse both Oxen and Cowes in the best manner behoved his art.
1787 W. Marshall Rural Econ. Norfolk I. 195 The farmers; who, for fifteen or twenty miles round, are most of them capable of dressing a calf, a lamb, or a sheep.
1826 Reformer Mar. 47/1 A Doctor of Divinity was on his way to preach, when he saw a poor man in the act of dressing a deer.
1885 Manch. Examiner 28 May 5/1 The carcase of a..cow dressed ready for sale.
1940 Hamiota (Manitoba) Echo 14 Feb. He and Noel had already shot, dressed, and skinned a number from the scattering bands and placed them in a cache upstream.
2013 P. Hasheider Hunter's Guide to Butchering ii. 33/1 Try to dress the carcass as soon as possible... Removing the organs and intestines helps release a large amount of internal heat.
b. intransitive. With complement. Of an animal carcass: to amount to a specified weight or quantity after removal of skin and offal; (also) to appear a certain way when cut up and prepared for cooking.
ΘΚΠ
the world > relative properties > measurement > measurement by weighing > ascertain weight [verb (intransitive)] > weigh (a specific amount) > of animals on removal of skin and offal
dress1872
1872 J. G. Bourke Diary 27 Nov. (2003) I. 30 A black tailed deer which dressed about..200 lbs.
1895 Daily News 12 Sept. 5/5 The sheep..should dress about 75 lbs. each.
1899 C. F. Langworthy Breed of Dairy Cattle (U.S. Dept. Agric. Farmers' Bull. No. 106) 35 One of which dressed 1,988 pounds for the four quarters.
1923 Meat & Livestock Digest Mar. 2/2 A first-class pure-bred or cross-bred steer dresses close to 59 per cent of actual meat.
1955 F. G. Ashbrook Butchering, Processing, & Preserv. of Meat 38 Fryer rabbits at two months will dress about 2 pounds, and slightly more than 77 per cent of the product is edible.
2016 V. Porter et al. Mason's World Encycl. Livestock Breeds (ed. 6) I. 677/1 The black pigmentation is only in the epidermis; the carcass dresses white.
21. transitive. Printing. To set up (a chase) with the page or sheet of type to be printed; (also) to fix (a page or sheet of type) within a chase by means of furniture.
ΚΠ
1754 New & Compl. Dict. Arts & Sci. III. 2543/2 To dress the chase, or range and fix the pages therein, the compositor makes use of a set of furniture, consisting of slips of wood of different dimensions.
1770 P. Luckombe Conc. Hist. Origin & Progress of Printing 406 The pages of a Sheet, or Half-sheet, being now dressed, our next business is to make the Margin.
1823 G. Crabb Universal Technol. Dict. To Dress a Chase (Print.) or a Form, to fit the pages and the chase, or form, of the matter that has been composed.
1880 H. P. Trueman Eclectic Hand-bk. of Printing (ed. 2) 40 Dressing the chase. This term is applied to the operation of placing the furniture, side sticks, and quoins, around the forme in its chase.
1926 Inland Printer Oct. 105/1 Fig. 17 is a sixteen-page form which is properly dressed. The chase..is chosen to illustrate on a sufficiently legible scale the elements which surround the type pages.
1984 R. Lewis & J. B. Easson Publishing & Printing at Home v. 75 A letterpress printing machine will crease a cover better and faster if the rollers are removed and the chase dressed..with two lengths of brass rule.
III. To clothe, array.
22.
a. transitive. To equip, fit out (with armour, etc.); to array or adorn with jewellery, flowers, etc. Also figurative.In later uses with reference to armour more likely to be interpreted as a use of sense 23.
ΚΠ
a1413 (c1385) G. Chaucer Troilus & Criseyde (Pierpont Morgan) (1881) ii. l. 635 To sen hym yn his gere hym dresse..It was an heuene vp-on hym for to se.
c1440 (?a1400) Morte Arthure l. 218 (MED) And the conquerour..so clenly arayede In colours of clene golde cleede..Drissid with his dyademe.
c1450 (?a1400) Duke Rowland & Sir Otuell (1880) l. 362 Þay..dressede hym in his armours.
1530 J. Palsgrave Lesclarcissement 528/2 I dressed my house gayly against my housbandes comynge home.
1578 T. Churchyard Disc. Queenes Entertainem. sig. B.ivv Ring out the belles, plucke vp your sprightes, and dresse your houses gay.
a1600 (?c1535) tr. H. Boece Hist. Scotl. (Mar Lodge) (1946) iv. xvii. 245 He chargit þai suld..dress þame in harness, and recounter inemyis.
1642 H. More Ψυχωδια Platonica sig. D8 Their face with love and vigour was ydrest.
1648 T. Gage Eng.-Amer. viii. 23 The Chamber was richly dressed and hung with many pictures, and with hangings.
1707 N. Tate Injur'd Love i. 7 The Mountain Nymph, that dresses at a Fountain Her inn'cent Head with Daisies.
1711 A. Pope Ess. Crit. 8 Criticism the Muses Handmaid prov'd, To dress her Charms, and make her more belov'd.
1762 W. Cole Let. 16 May in H. Walpole Corr. (1937) I. 7 Her head is dressed in a sort of veil, and she has a robe or mantle over her shoulders in as light and loose and airy a manner as possible.
1829 M. R. Lett. from Elizabeth Williams ix. 85 The kitchen and hall are already dressed with holly. The ladies have no party on Christmas-day.
1890 Jrnl. Hort. & Pract. Gardening 20 403 Pony basket or car and pony, all dressed in natural flowers; carriage dressed inside as a bower, drawn by one or two horses, also dressed in flowers.
1897 Irish Monthly 25 292 Enough if you dress them in armour.
1913 A. E. H. Barr All Days of my Life xxiv. 442 On Christmas morning Mr. Jewett entered my parlor with armsful of laurel and mistletoe, and dressed it beautifully.
1965 Ladies’ Home Jrnl. Dec. 133/1 Caroline and I dressed the Christmas tree together, putting up the lights and the glittering stars and baubles.
2006 D. Lee Nothing Rhymes with Silver xxi. 330 Jack had put in a new, highly polished, black lacquered door, dressed with elegant brass fitments.
b. transitive. Navy. To deck out (a ship) with flags. Frequently in to dress ship. to dress overall: to decorate (a ship) with a continuous line of flags from bow to stern.
ΚΠ
1572 J. Higgins Huloets Dict. (rev. ed.) sig. Av/1 Adourne or dresse shippes, naues expedire. Naues instruere. Accoustrer nauires.
1744 J. Philips Authentic Jrnl. Exped. Anson 124 This being the Anniversary of his present Majesty's Coronation we loyally observ'd the Day; dress'd our Ship, display'd our Colours, and fired twenty-one Guns.
1769 W. Falconer Universal Dict. Marine Transl. French Terms at Parade Faire la Parade, to dress a ship, or to adorn her with..flags.
1861 W. Leonard Jrnl. 4 July in USS Constellation on Dismal Coast (2013) 324 At sunrise this morning the topgallant yards were crossed and the ship dressed from the flying jib boom over the mast heads to the end of the spanker boom... Two English coal ships also dressed ship at the same time.
1887 W. J. C. Lancaster Log of ‘Flying Fish’ ix. 150 I ‘dressed ship’ at eight o'clock this morning in honour of my little Florrie's birthday, and I hadn't the heart to haul down the flags.
1897 Hampshire Tel. 24 July 2/7 All the commissioned ships in harbour were dressed overall with flags.
1969 E. M. C. Barraclough Flags of World 18 The custom of dressing the ship overall, called by those who are not sailors ‘rainbow fashion’..is used to decorate ships on special occasions. Theoretically a ship should only be dressed overall when at anchor or moored up in harbour.
1986 Globe & Mail (Toronto) (Nexis) 6 Nov. a14 The Chinese had decorated their vessels with dozens of ceremonial signal flags and halted proceedings until the Americans also dressed ship.
2010 Daily Post (N. Wales) (Nexis) 4 May 14 Cadets climbed the rigging..for a formal salute and dressed the ship with flags and bunting.
c. transitive. Architecture. To decorate (a door, window, etc.) with a moulding, architrave, etc. Chiefly in passive. Now historical and rare.
ΚΠ
1726 G. Leoni tr. L. B. Alberti Architecture II. 57/2 A door dressed after the manner of the Doric or Ionic Order.
1730 E. Oakley Mag. Archit., Perspective, & Sculpt. ii. 69 A Window dressed with an Architrave kneel'd at Top, with a swelling Freeze and circular Pediment.
1800 J. Dallaway Anecd. Arts Eng. vi. 104 The three-quarter columns which support the central pediments are correctly formed, the pilasters are plain, and the windows dressed with architraves.
1963 F. H. W. Sheppard Parish St. James Westminster: Pt. II I. 282/2 These windows were each dressed with an architrave and a triangular pediment.
d. transitive. To decorate (a shop window); to create an attractive display of goods in (a shop window).
ΘΚΠ
society > trade and finance > selling > sell [verb (transitive)] > serve customer in shop > dress shop window
dress1824
to set out1856
1824 Morning Chron. 29 Oct. He ‘dressed’ the window of his shop, and left six pieces of silk in it a short time.
1879 G. A. Sala Paris herself Again I. xviii. 292 His windows are not yet ‘dressed’.
1931 R. Harman in H. A. Down Art of Window Display ii. 18/2 He worked all through one week-end in a large window at his store, took down all the old fittings, installed an attractive background, and dressed the window in the open style.
1979 Globe & Mail (Toronto) (Nexis) 23 June When I dress a window, the manager doesn't care what I do as long as it attracts people.
2010 Western Daily Press (Nexis) 6 Dec. 18 The 79-year-old began dressing the window.
e. transitive. Theatre slang. To add elegance or numbers to (a theatre audience, etc.), in return for a complimentary ticket; to swell (the house). Also: to give (a theatre) the appearance of fullness by artful arrangement of the audience. Cf. paper v. 4. Now rare.
ΘΚΠ
society > leisure > the arts > performance arts > the theatre or the stage > theatre-going > theatregoer > [verb (transitive)] > fill with free passes
paper1859
dress1896
1896 G. B. Shaw in Sat. Rev. 31 Oct. 469/1 The theatrical deadhead gets his ticket on the implied condition that he ‘dresses the house’. If he comes in morning dress, or allows the ladies who accompany him to look dowdy, he is struck off the free-list.
1933 P. Godfrey Back-stage ix. 131 A large number of complimentary tickets is distributed to keep the stalls ‘dressed’.
1961 W. P. Bowman & R. H. Ball Theatre Lang. 116 Dress the house,..to assign seats to an audience with artful spacing so that the theatre appears to be more crowded than it really is.
23.
a.
(a) transitive. Originally: to attire (a person) in suitable or fine clothing; to adorn with apparel. Later also more generally: to provide, choose, or make clothes for; to put clothes on (a child, doll, etc.).
ΘΚΠ
the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > providing with clothing > provide with clothing [verb (transitive)]
wrya901
clothec950
shride971
aturnc1220
begoa1225
array1297
graith1297
agraithc1300
geara1325
cleadc1325
adightc1330
apparel1362
back1362
shape1362
attirea1375
parela1375
tirea1375
rayc1390
addressa1393
coverc1394
aguisea1400
scredea1400
shrouda1400
bedightc1400
buskc1400
harnessc1400
hatterc1400
revesta1449
able1449
dressa1450
reparel?c1450
adub?1473
endue?a1475
afaite1484
revestera1500
beclothe1509
trimc1516
riga1535
invest1540
vesture1555
suit1577
clad1579
investure1582
vest1582
deck1587
habit1594
to make ready1596
caparison1597
skin1601
shadow1608
garment1614
riga1625
raiment1656
garb1673
equip1695
to fit out1722
encase1725
tog1793
trick1821
to fig out1825
enclothe1832
toilet1842
to get up1858
habilitate1885
tailor1885
kit1919
a1450 York Plays (1885) 129 Dresse vs in riche array.
?1507 W. Dunbar Tua Mariit Wemen (Rouen) in Poems (1998) I. 51 Lusty gallandis, That I held more in daynte..Ne him that dressit me so dink.
a1530 W. Bonde Pylgrimage of Perfeccyon (1531) iii. f. CCiv The spouse..hath many women to adorne & dresse her.
1560 E. More Lytle Treat. Def. Women sig. B.iiv She dressed hym full handsomly.
1607 F. Beaumont Woman Hater iii. iv. sig. F2 O rich! rich! where should I get clothes to dresse her in?
1656 A. Cowley Davideis iv. 150 in Poems It will be therefore askt, Why I make him here perform the office of the High Priest, and dress him in the Pontifical Habits?
1727 Ld. Hervey Let. 7 Nov. in Lett. Lady M. W. Montagu (1966) II. 88 Your pretending to be young enough to take a Pleasure in dressing Babys.
1756 Connoisseur No. 119. 720 His taylor..having dressed him in a snuff-colour'd coat, instead of a pompadour.
1800 J. Austen Let. 1 Nov. (1995) 54 My Mother is very happy in the prospect of dressing a new Doll.
1844 B. Disraeli Coningsby II. iv. iv. 44 Miss Millbank..was sitting at a round table covered with working materials, apparently dressing a doll.
1874 J. T. Naaké tr. Slavonic Fairy Tales 246 When the dress was ready he dressed the girl in it.
1907 Country Life 21 Dec. 897/2 I can't afford to dress her like a lady.
1976 D. H. Feinbloom Transvestites & Transsexuals v. 108 The wife who dresses her husband may be expressing some hostile feelings.
2005 J. Wanshe Passions of Patriots v. 69 A young mother sat on a cushioned chair, dressing her son in uniform.
(b) transitive. To supply, design, or prepare costumes for (a play, opera, etc.); to present (a stage production) in a specified style of dress.
ΘΚΠ
society > leisure > the arts > performance arts > the theatre or the stage > the staging of a theatrical production > stage [verb (transitive)] > arrange costumes for
dress1741
costume1802
1741 W. Oldys et al. Betterton's Hist. Eng. Stage vi. 9 The Play..was acted before the Court and very richly Drest.
1795 T. Wilkinson Wandering Patentee III. 33 I..was enabled to settle the business, dress the play properly, and retain the strokes in general of all the characters.
1814 Theatr. Inquisitor 5 366 Macklin was the first who dressed the play [sc. Macbeth] in the Scotch habiliments.
1881 Daily News 12 Sept. 2/1 The opera will be newly dressed.
1931 Play Pictorial Mar. iii/2 (advt.) Gamages Holborn Specialise in dressing operas, plays, etc.
1989 E. A. Gordon Mark the Music viii. 157 Welles..dressed the show in contemporary attire. Playing Brutus, he got himself up like a Hitler Gauleiter in a slick, double-breasted military outfit.
2012 I. Brooke Costume in Greek Classic Drama i. 9 If a producer were to say to his designer, ‘I want this play dressed all in green’, the problem for the designer would, in fact, be reduced.
(c) transitive. Of a fashion designer or stylist: to design, supply, or select clothes for (an actor or other celebrity).
ΚΠ
1929 Washington Post 27 Jan. (Amusements section) f2/6 The costumers who dress the leading women stars both on and off the screen.
1950 Times Pict. (Dublin) (Overseas ed.) 19 Aug. 7/2 (headline) Carven and Dior dress the stars.
1983 E. Head & P. Calistro Edith Head's Hollywood vi. 105 In Breakfast at Tiffany's.., Givenchy dressed her [sc. Audrey Hepburn] again.
2016 N.Y. Times (Nexis) 5 May d1 A scrum of fashion designers, Vogue editors and the celebrities they clamor to dress.
b. transitive (in passive). To be clothed; spec. to be clothed appropriately for a particular (esp. formal) occasion. Hence also: to be attired elegantly, stylishly, or with particular care. to get dressed: to put on clothes; spec. to clothe oneself formally for a particular occasion; cf. get v. 29b(b).dressed to kill: see kill v. 6c.
ΚΠ
c1480 (a1400) St. Mary Magdalen l. 523 in W. M. Metcalfe Legends Saints Sc. Dial. (1896) I. 271 Þat body, þat ded was, In riche atyre & dressit wele.
a1500 ( J. Yonge tr. Secreta Secret. (Rawl.) (1898) 165 Anoone aftyr the Iue Saw that he was wel ydressid.
1509 tr. A. de la Sale Fyftene Ioyes of Maryage (de Worde) (new ed.) v. sig. F.iijv She is dressed proprely After her power.
1621 R. Burton Anat. Melancholy iii. ii. ii. iii. 573 Some light huswife..dressed like a may lady.
1667 S. Pepys Diary 25 Mar. (1974) VIII. 129 By and by comes Mr. Lowder and his wife and mine and into a box forsooth, neither of them being dressed.
1697 J. Vanbrugh Relapse ii. 29 So [I] huddle on my Cloaths, and get drest by One.
1711 J. Addison Spectator No. 47. ¶3 The Head of an Ideot dressed in a Cap and Bells, and gaping in a most immoderate manner.
1762 O. Goldsmith Citizen of World I. 48 I was dressed after the fashion of Europe.
1839 C. Thirlwall Hist. Greece VI. xlvii. 101 He..came out drest in white.
1866 J. W. Carlyle Let. 4 Apr. (1883) III. 319 I was up and dressed at seven.
1901 T. J. Hains Cruise of Petrel xviii. 174 ‘Stop below here an' get dressed,’ he cried. ‘I am dressed,’ said the second mate, ‘and if you ain't objectin', I'll go on deck.’ ‘I am objectin', an' I orders you dressed to surrender proper and seamanlike.’
1951 Good Housek. (U.S. ed.) Aug. 221/1 ‘Oh, Mother,’ Ruth wailed, ‘you aren't even dressed yet!’ Mrs. Richmond stiffened. ‘Yes, I am, dear,’ she said. ‘But your hair—’ Ruth began.
2016 I. Gordon Kids Comics iii. 45 Winnie often appeared in the Sunday comic strips dressed in haute couture.
c. transitive (reflexive). To clothe oneself; spec. to clothe oneself elegantly, stylishly, or with particular care for a formal occasion.
ΘΚΠ
the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > providing with clothing > provide with clothing [verb (reflexive)]
buska1350
arraya1400
richc1400
to make ready?a1425
enhabitc1485
revestera1500
dress1533
suit1576
rig1662
1533 T. More 2nd Pt. Confut. Tyndals Answere viii. p. ccccxxxvii He hadde so monstrousely dressed hym self bycause he wold be wondred on.
a1586 Sir P. Sidney Arcadia (1590) i. vi. sig. Ev All the men there shoulde dresse themselues like the poorest sorte of the people in Arcadia.
1641 J. Jackson True Evangelical Temper ii. 99 Our Saviour..sets up little children as looking-glasses of grace to dresse ourselves in.
1682 M. Rowlandson Narr. Captivity & Restauration in R. H. Pearce Colonial Amer. Writing (1956) 126 They ate very little, they being so busie in dressing themselves, and getting ready for their Dance.
1712 R. Steele Spectator No. 264. ⁋1 He dresses himself according to the Season in Cloth or in Stuff.
1749 H. Fielding Tom Jones VI. xviii. xi. 279 He had barely Time left to dress himself. View more context for this quotation
1822 H. Fisher Fatherless Fanny li. 451 She dressed herself for dinner, as was often her custom and that of Lady Ellincourt, when in the country.
1894 S. Baring-Gould Kitty Alone III. 9 He saw the lawyer dressing himself and shaving.
1906 M. E. Freeman By Light of Soul 217 Maria dressed herself in her graduation gown.
1967 G. Greene May we borrow your Husband? 168 Members of the secret society dressed themselves as women.
2003 J. Lethem Fortress of Solitude i. iv. 54 He dressed himself in the full Scout uniform.
d. intransitive. To clothe oneself, esp. in an elegant or elaborate style; to put on clothes appropriate for a particular (esp. formal) occasion. Esp. in to dress for dinner.to dress at a person: to wear clothes intended to gain the attention or admiration of someone (obsolete).
ΘΚΠ
the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > wearing clothing > [verb (intransitive)]
wear?c1225
to stand in ——a1382
clothe1393
remember your courtesy1598
dress1673
the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > providing with clothing > provide with clothing [verb (intransitive)]
clothe1393
trick?1532
riga1535
dress1673
busk1722
1673 J. Ray N. Countrey Words in Coll. Eng. Words 7 To Boun and unboun, to dress and undress.
1696 R. Howard Poems Several Occasions 98 I shall unparrell then faster than now I dress.
1706 N. Rowe Ulysses Prol. 15 They..Dress'd at Her, danc'd, and fought and..did all that Men could do to have her.
1736 N. Bailey et al. Dictionarium Britannicum (ed. 2) To Dress at a person, is to dress and adorn in order to enamour or gain the affection of a person.
1741 S. Richardson Pamela III. xxx. 184 The three Gentlemen rode out, and returned just Time enough to dress before Dinner.
1782 L. L. Orr Jrnl. 16 Oct. in Jrnl. Young Lady Virginia (1871) 34 We are dressing for dinner.
1815 M. Elphinstone Acct. Kingdom Caubul iii. i. 363 They..dress like Khyberees.
1866 A. Trollope Belton Estate I. iii. 62 We'd better get ready for dinner now. I always dress, because papa likes to see it.
1885 Manch. Examiner 12 Jan. 6/2 The ladies..dress in blacks and drabs.
1931 V. Woolf Waves 129 She has not dressed, because she despises the futility of London.
1958 B. Malamud Magic Barrel 124 He dried himself and dressed.
1986 Performing Arts July 30 Does anyone still dress for dinner? Yes, indeed, and not just in New York.
2011 Independent 18 Feb. 5/3 How to behave, how to dress, how to be organised enough to be employable.
e. intransitive. Of a man or boy: to arrange the genitals in relation to the fork of the trousers. Esp. in to dress to the left (also right).
ΚΠ
1946 C. Mergendahl His Days are as Grass xvi. 149 When I went down to have my pants altered at the tailor's, the tailor asked me what side I dressed on.
1966 Guardian 18 Mar. 10/4 ‘We are 'dressing' in the middle this year, man,’ a pop singer explains.
1967 New Statesman 31 Mar. 450/2 I detected some sag on the right-hand side of the trouser front and got the fitter to pin it back. ‘No no no!’ said Roy... ‘Mr. Silver dresses to the left.’ The fullness on the right was critical.
1999 B. Bell Just Take your Frock Off viii. 75 ‘Which side do you dress?’—like the tailor asks you. To this day I always put them on one side.

Phrasal verbs

With adverbs in specialized senses. to dress down [in sense 3 after to dress up]
1. transitive. To reprimand (a person) severely; to rebuke, admonish.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > attention and judgement > contempt > disapproval > rebuke or reproof > rebuke or reprove [verb (transitive)] > severely
dressc1405
wipe1523
to take up1530
whip1530
to shake upa1556
trounce1607
castigatea1616
lasha1616
objurgate1616
thunderstrike1638
snub1672
drape1683
cut1737
rowa1798
score1812
to dress down1823
to pitch into ——1823
wig1829
to row (a person) up1838
to catch or get Jesse1839
slate1840
drop1853
to drop (down) to or on (to)1859
to give (a person) rats1862
to jump upon1868
to give (a person) fits1871
to give it to someone (pretty) stiff1880
lambaste1886
ruck1899
bollock1901
bawl1903
scrub1911
burn1914
to hang, draw, and quarter1930
to tear a strip off1940
to tear (someone) off a strip1940
brass1943
rocket1948
bitch1952
tee1955
fan-
1823 [implied in: Relig. Inquirer 11 Jan. 37/2 [She] had given them a dressing down for it. (at dressing-down n. 1)].
1843 Brother Jonathan 15 Apr. 434/1 As a general rule it may be set down that if a poet is abused it is done by a poet..a novelist dressed down, a novelist does the business.
1907 Times 2 Sept. 8/4 He was ‘dressing down’ him (the speaker) and the executive committee.
1932 P. Hamilton Siege of Pleasure ii. 104 Gee, she never knew she had a temper like that! She'd ‘dressed him down’ all right!
1959 A. L. Rowse Diary 11 June (2003) 295 The publisher made a hash of the book, and Spencer Curtis Brown weighed in to help Elizabeth dress him down.
1992 S. Holloway Courage High! xii. 106 Wells would take him aside and talk to him, rather than dress him down in front of his fellow seamen.
2008 Vanity Fair July 121/2 Mesa leapt from his seat to dress down the Cuban-government officials.
2. transitive. North American. To clean and salt (fish) for preserving.
ΚΠ
1843 N. Amer. Rev. July 73 Eight, ten, and even twelve thousand have been caught, and must now be ‘dressed down’.
1889 K. Monroe Dorymates ix. 143 Owing to the delay of the morning, the second catch had to be ‘dressed down’ by lantern-light.
1962 A. Villiers Men, Ships & Sea xxviii. 251/2 He can rise before dawn and still be dressing down the catch past midnight.
2015 J. Hanna Pemaquid Penins. vi. 55 After the fish were ‘dressed down’, crew members told stories, read, played cards and drank into the night.
3. intransitive. To clothe oneself informally, or less formally than expected.
ΘΚΠ
the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > providing with clothing > provide with clothing [verb (intransitive)] > in specific way > in specific clothing
to cover (one's head)c1340
boot1600
to be covered1611
to put on1611
robea1626
cloak1774
wrap1847
tuck1888
gown1896
flannel1919
to suit up1927
to dress down1941
1941 E. Ferber Saratoga Trunk ii. 36 They're so grand that they have to dress down to keep from dazzling the canaille.
1968 D. E. Allen Brit. Tastes vii. 175 On Tyneside the different income-groups differ less sharply than elsewhere in the styles and standard of clothing that they purchase, as if the better-off deliberately chose to dress ‘down’ .
1988 D. French & L. Lee Working: My Life as Prostitute v. 79 Sunny had dressed down a bit but still looked like a well-kept suburban lady: brown pants, a beige print top, platform shoes, and big gold earrings.
2001 Times 30 Aug. 11/5 Sir Anthony sported a Hawaiian shirt while Mr Clinton dressed down in T-shirt, shorts and trainers.
to dress forth
transitive. literary. To present to public view in a specified way, esp. to best advantage. Also: to clothe stylishly or ostentatiously. Now somewhat archaic.
ΚΠ
c1540 J. Bellenden tr. Livy Hist. Rome (1901) I. i. iv. 28 The romanis dressit furth þis play In the maist solempne maner þai culd or mycht, to mak It þe more sichty and glorius to the pepill.
1641 N. Homes New World 4 The holy Ghost useth other flowers of eloquence to dresse forth and adorne this glorious estate of the reformed Church.
1720 J. Gay Poems Several Occasions II. 291 Dampier would thus, without ill-meaning satyr, Dress forth in simple style the Petit-maitre.
1749 H. Fielding Tom Jones II. iv. x. 68 Dress forth his Wenches in such gaudy Apparel. View more context for this quotation
1832 Mirror Lit., Amusem., & Instr. 22 Dec. 419/2 He rode in state through the city, dressed forth in silks and tinsel, and preceded by twelve persons habited as the twelve months of the year.
1891 Post-graduate & Wooster Q. Oct. 36 It..goes below the act dressed forth in fair outward appearances.
1913 E. B. Delano Colonel's Exper. xiv. 213 The old house of Montebello was dressed forth in such state as it had not seen in two generations.
1988 L. Senelick Age & Stage of George L. Fox i. 4 A child used simply to swell a progress or dress forth a scene.
to dress out
transitive. To attire (a person or oneself) elaborately or ostentatiously; (also) to give (a thing) an outwardly attractive appearance, to deck out. Frequently in passive. Also figurative.
ΘΚΠ
the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > providing with clothing > provide with clothing [verb (transitive)] > in specific way > dress up or dress elaborately
disguisec1325
quaintisea1333
guisea1400
to dress up?a1513
deck?1521
garnisha1535
trim1594
gallant1614
sprug1622
dizena1625
to dress out1649
bedizen1661
rig1723
trim1756
bedress1821
gaudy1838
buck up1854
garb1868
clobber1887
mum1890
to do up1897
dude1899
toff1914
lair1941
1649 R. Overton Baiting Great Bull of Bashan sig. A2v Things as unserious as my last sheet, drest out in the youthfull attire of mirth, hath found a very large acceptance not only with you, but even with this generation of men.
1730 Plain-Dealer's Intelligencer 239 Look upon the Fields, the Meadows, the Gardens..see how they are dressed out, and adorned with an infinite Variety of Plants and Flowers.
1766 O. Goldsmith Vicar of Wakefield I. iv. 38 Down came my wife and daughters, drest out in all their former splendour.
1798 T. Jones Memoirs (1951) 119 The Corpse exposed on an Open Bier.., and dressed out in a Gala Suit of Cloaths.
1832 W. Cobbett Hist. Protestant Reformation 32 Our famous ‘great female reformer’ not only did not wear mourning, but dressed herself out in the gayest and gaudiest attire.
1873 M. Arnold Lit. & Dogma ix. 302 Dressing the popular doctrine out with fine speculations.
1899 Liverpool Mercury 29 May 9/3 Do you remember those old school prize-books..dressed out in tawdry gilt calf.
1928 Class & Industr. Marketing July 48/3 Nature uses another burst of warm colors..when she dresses out her trees in scarlets, yellows, oranges and browns.
2016 Bristol Post (Nexis) 12 Oct. 12 People dressed out in gaudy costumes with make up can sometimes be really scary.
to dress up
I. To set up or in order.
1. transitive. To raise up. Also reflexive and intransitive: to raise oneself up, get up. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
the world > space > relative position > vertical position > make vertical [verb (transitive)] > make upright or erect
rearOE
rightOE
to set upa1225
raisea1250
upreara1300
risea1400
to dress upc1400
stand?a1425
upsetc1440
dress1490
to stick up1528
arrect1530
erect1557
prick1566
upright1590
mounta1616
the world > physical sensation > sleeping and waking > sleep > bed related to sleep or rest > go to bed or retire to rest [verb (intransitive)] > get up or rise
arisec950
riseOE
risec1175
uprisea1400
to dress upc1400
rouse1577
to get up1583
up1635
unroost1751
to turn out1801
to show a leg1818
to roll out1884
to hit the deck1918
c1400 (?a1300) Kyng Alisaunder (Laud) (1952) l. 1939 Vp he dresseþ heued and swire, And gynneþ speke on þis manere.
c1400 (?c1390) Sir Gawain & Green Knight (1940) l. 2009 De-liuerly he dressed vp er þe day sprenged.
c1440 (?a1400) Morte Arthure l. 2026 (MED) This ryche mane..Dresses vp dredfully the dragone of golde, With egles alouer.
a1450 (c1410) H. Lovelich Hist. Holy Grail xv. l. 468 (MED) Thanne vp sche hire dressid As sche Mowht, And On hire knees sche dressid hire down To-forn hire bed.
1487 (a1380) J. Barbour Bruce (St. John's Cambr.) xvii. 372 Thar men mycht se..Men assalȝeand richt hardely, Dressand vp ledderis douchtely.
1530 Myroure Oure Ladye (Fawkes) (1873) i. 28 Myne eres shall be dressed vp[L. erecte], to here his prayer.
1585 T. Washington tr. N. de Nicolay Nauigations Turkie iii. iii. 74 To dresse vp the pauillion.
2. transitive. To prepare or set up; to draw up; to make ready or right. Now rare.
ΚΠ
c1400 (?a1300) Kyng Alisaunder (Laud) (1952) l. 2264 (MED) Tauryn..Bigan to dresse vp his hatt.
c1515 Ld. Berners tr. Bk. Duke Huon of Burdeux (1882–7) cxvii. 422 And dresse vp tubbes with water of the see, and halowe you it, and chrysten them therin.
?1523 J. Fitzherbert Bk. Husbandry f. xlviiiv Swepe thy house dresse vp thy disshborde.
1608 W. Bishop Reproofe Abbots Def. 125 A poore Scholler, gladde to sweepe and dresse vp chambers, and to play the drudge for a slender pittance.
1635 Maldon Doc. (Bundle 80 No. 2) vis. viiid. for dressing up the said moote-hall, counsell chamber, and other the Romethes there this yere.
1700 G. Booth tr. Diodorus Siculus Hist. Libr. i. iv. 25 Apartments, in which were all sorts of Delicate Meats ready drest up.
1772 J. Pringle Let. 25 Dec. in J. G. Buhle Literarischer Briefwechsel (1795) II. 344 When any composition is dressed up with care and anxiety, and especially in the Latin language, we generally find a good deal more difficulty in reading it, than if it had been hastily written to a friend.
1816 Q. Rev. Jan. 387 This ‘pretty botanical chart’..was dressed up with great care and study in his closet, according to a rule.
1950 E. Bradner Northwest Angling iii. 44 I happened to have the tail of a gray squirrel that was given me, and dressed up a fly with a yellow silk body, palmered gray hackle and the squirrel hair for wings.
II. To clothe.
3. transitive.
a. To clothe (a person or oneself) stylishly or elaborately, esp. more elaborately than usual; to clothe in a manner appropriate to a role or position aspired to. Also in figurative contexts. Also intransitive with reflexive sense.dressed up to the nines: see nine n. 4b.
ΘΚΠ
the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > providing with clothing > provide with clothing [verb (transitive)] > in specific way > dress up or dress elaborately
disguisec1325
quaintisea1333
guisea1400
to dress up?a1513
deck?1521
garnisha1535
trim1594
gallant1614
sprug1622
dizena1625
to dress out1649
bedizen1661
rig1723
trim1756
bedress1821
gaudy1838
buck up1854
garb1868
clobber1887
mum1890
to do up1897
dude1899
toff1914
lair1941
a1513 W. Dunbar Poems (1998) I. 74 So monye ane kittye drest vp in goldin cheinȝe,..With apilreinȝe ay schawand hir semble chene.
1589 ‘Pasquill of England’ Returne of Pasquill sig. Biijv Martin..is the Mayd-marian, trimlie drest vppe in a cast Gowne, and a Kercher.
1612 North's Plutarch 150 Faire maide slaues, dressed vp like gentlewomen.
1650 Bp. J. Taylor Rule & Exercises Holy Living ii. 65 Look upon pleasures, not..as they come towards you to be enjoyed; for then they paint, and smile, and dresse themselves up in tinsel & glasse, gems and counterfeit imagery.
1685 A. Behn Love Lett. between Noble-man & Sister: 2nd Pt. 272 She made Antonett dress her up in her Cloaths.
1721 G. Berkeley Ess. Preventing Ruine Great Brit. 12 The direct way to ruine a Man is to dress him up in fine Cloaths.
1747 W. Stith Hist. Virginia iv. 208 There was a noted Indian..who was wont, out of Bravery and Parade, to dress himself up, in a strange and barbaric Fashion.
1788 Crit. Rev. Feb. 81 They dress up the object of their vows in the most glittering attire; adorn her with every merit and every virtue.
1837 E. Eden Let. 22 Nov. in Up the Country 41 They led us..to the old lady, who is blind and very ill; but they had dressed her up for us, and we had to kiss her, which was not very nice.
1866 Temple Bar Oct. 314 Here's a Yankee..dresses himself up in new clothes like a gentleman.
1914 C. Mackenzie Sinister St. II. iii. vi. 618 You'd be the first to laugh..if I dressed up..half-a-dozen of my friends in velvet jackets.
1968 Farm Supplier Apr. 21/1 They felt they had to dress up a bit to come in town, so they didn't make rush trips very often.
2003 D. M. Johnson Socrates & Alcibiades (2012) p. vii Socrates..was willing to dress himself up in uncharacteristically fancy garb in order to make an appearance on this night.
b. In passive. all dressed up with nowhere to go and variants: specially or elaborately dressed for an occasion that fails to take place; (figurative) highly prepared for something that ultimately fails to happen; overly or unnecessarily prepared.
ΚΠ
1911 Variety 26 Aug. 14/1 During the performance, Miss Allen employed for laughs, ‘You can't insult me, I have been insulted by experts,’ and ‘All dressed up with no place to go’.
1911 San Francisco Chron. Sunday Mag. 12 Nov. 21/1 ‘Here I am, all dressed up, and nowhere to go,’ murmured Florence Holbrook with an uneasy glance at her sealskins.
1941 Afro-Amer. 1 Mar. 23/4 Speaker for the occasion was the Rev. M. L. King, pastor of Ebenezer Baptist Church, who said ‘Atlantans are all dressed up with no place to go’.
1968 Irish Times 27 Nov. 10/2 This image of the new graduate as being somebody ‘all dressed up with nowhere to go’ is undoubtedly one that many undergraduates have not considered.
1999 R. T. Davies Queer as Folk: Scripts Episode 5. 130 (stage direct.) Marie's kitchen, in an ordinary Barratt-home type house. Marie's all dressed up with nowhere to go.
2010 Australian (Nexis) 2 Feb. (Features section) 12 If the ETS [sc. emissions trading scheme] legislation is defeated again, which seems certain, we will have an environmental tax department all dressed up but with nowhere to go.
4. transitive. figurative. To present under a different guise; esp. to make (a thing) appear more attractive or interesting, by means of embellishment, exaggeration, falsification, etc.
ΚΠ
1618 F. Beaumont in H. Fitzgeffrey Certain Elegies sig. A3 I shall ere long Dresse vp your vertues new, in a new song.
1665 R. Boyle Disc. iii. iv, in Occas. Refl. sig. D4v A but plausible Argument, dress'd up in fine Similitudes.
1725 I. Watts Logick iii. iii. §1 They dress up the opinion of their adversary as they please.
1768 E. Smith Let. 13 Apr. in L. H. Butterfield et al. Adams Family Corr. (1963) I. 64 He has an excellent faculty of dressing up a story in a very humoursome manner.
1841 G. Sinclair Pract. Remarks Sc. Church Question 4 A doctrine which it is easy to dress up in specious and seducing terms.
1870 tr. Irenæus I. in Ante-Nicene Christian Libr. V. ii. 162 This, too, they have dressed up anew, and referred to Bythus and their Æons.
1905 A. Lang Red Romance Bk. Pref. p. vii The stories were really fairy tales, dressed up and spun out.
1977 J. D. Collins in B. G. Guerney Relationship Enhancement viii. 214 You know I'm not very tactful, and I don't have a way of dressing things up.
2015 T. Carman in S. Gardner & M. Grist Transcendental Turn xii. 264 Of what value is truth.., once we see through all the old myths that dressed it up as something supernatural, transcendent, magical, and redemptive.
5. intransitive. Of a person, esp. a child: to put on a costume or fancy dress; to put on various (adult) clothes as a game.
ΘΚΠ
the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > providing with clothing > provide with clothing [verb (intransitive)] > in specific way > dress up
to toss out1759
to tog it1819
prig1845
to rag out1849
buck up1854
to dress up1869
poon1943
priss1971
1869 L. M. Alcott Old-fashioned Girl v, in Merry's Museum Sept. 490 I ain't going to dress up for nothing. I look so lovely, some one must admire me.
1888 Mrs. H. Ward Robert Elsmere I. i. iv. 85 He could see her dressing up with him on wet days, reciting King Henry to his Prince Hal.
1903 Little Folks Feb. 115/1 We began to dress up... Humphrey had on my white flannel pyjamas with a red sash... Violet had on the lace window-curtain.
1959 D. Campbell Evening under Lamplight 21 Let's play grown-ups. Let's dress up in their clothes.
2015 Vancouver Sun (Nexis) 31 Oct. a23 My mom let me dress up as Raphael.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2018; most recently modified version published online June 2022).
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