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单词 distinct
释义

distinctadj.n.

/dɪˈstɪŋkt/
Forms: Also Middle English destinct, distynte, Middle English–1500s distynct, dystynct, distincte, 1500s distynke, distincke.
Etymology: < Latin distinctus, past participle of distinguĕre or separate, divide, distinguish v.; compare French distinct, -te (13–14th cent. in Hatzfeld & Darmesteter).
A. adj.
I. As past participle. (See also sense A. 6.)
1. Distinguished, differentiated. Obsolete.
ΚΠ
c1386 G. Chaucer Parson's Tale (Ellesm.) ⁋754 In oother manere been distinct [v.rr. distynte, distinket] the speces of Glotonye after seint Gregorie.
1551 R. Record Pathway to Knowl. i. Defin. That therby the whole figures may the better bee iudged, and distincte in sonder.
1667 J. Milton Paradise Lost vii. 536 For no place Is yet distinct by name. View more context for this quotation
2. Separated into parts, divided. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
the world > relative properties > wholeness > mutual relation of parts to whole > separation > action of dividing or divided condition > [adjective] > divided
departedc1386
parteda1398
distinct1434
divided1565
partite1570
shedded1575
dismembered1578
severed1581
splitted1594
shared1598
distract1609
disparted1633
split1648
dipartited1825
splitten1832
dipartite1885
R. Misyn tr. R. Rolle Mending of Life 105 Þis boke is of mendynge of lyfe..destinct in-to xij chapiters.
1526 W. Bonde Pylgrimage of Perfection Pref. sig. Ai This treatyse..is distincte and diuyded into thre bokes.
II. As adjective.
3.
a. Distinguished as not being the same; separate, several, individual, not identical; = different adj. 3. Const. from.
ΘΚΠ
the world > relative properties > relationship > difference > [adjective] > distinct
distincta1382
alienc1384
sundrya1393
alienate1533
several1533
particular1547
severable1548
different?a1560
distinguished1609
remote1615
discriminate1626
incoincident1636
discriminated1673
allogenous1842
a1382 [implied in: Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Douce 369(1)) (1850) Ecclus. i. 2 The grauel of the se, and the dropis of reyn, and the daȝes of the world, who distinctli hath noumbrede? (at distinctly adv. 1)].
1447 O. Bokenham Lyvys Seyntys (1835) 149 That yche of these thyngys..To a dystynct persone appropryat be.
1540 Act 32 Hen. VIII c. 42 Twoo severall and distynct companyes..that is to say, both the Barbours and the Surgeons.
1665 R. Hooke Micrographia 166 A large Feather..contains neer a million of distinct parts.
1796 W. Withering Arrangem. Brit. Plants (ed. 3) II. 329 Tamus. Flowers m[ale] and f[emale] on distinct plants.
1838 C. Thirlwall Hist. Greece (new ed.) IV. xxxii. 276 [The indictment] charged him with three distinct offences.
1885 F. Temple Relations Relig. & Sci. ii. 38 Absolute as distinct from relative knowledge.
b. Separate or apart so as to be capable of being distinguished, or as being different; not confounded with each other, or with something else.
ΚΠ
1703 Clarendon's Hist. Rebellion II. viii. 373 The Intention was, that the two Armies, which marched out together, should afterward be distinct.
1733 A. Pope Ess. Man iii. 229 The Workman from the Work distinct was known.
1815 J. Smith Panorama Sci. & Art II. 699 If the first mark be erroneous, a second may be drawn at the distance of a hair's breadth from it, and still be a distinct line.
1888 J. Bryce Amer. Commonw. II. xlii. 113 To engraft a system of equity on her common law, whilst keeping the two systems distinct.
c. Natural History, Pathology, etc. = discrete adj. 1c.Said of markings or parts which are perceptibly separated from each other, as distinct spots, distinct furrows, distinct antennae, or from the contiguous parts, as distinct scutellum, distinct thorax, distinct tail, etc.
ΚΠ
1789 A. Crawford in Med. Communications 2 325 The smallpox..was of the distinct kind.
1801 R. Thomas Mod. Pract. Physic I. 167 [Smallpox] is distinguished into the distinct and confluent..in the former the eruptions are perfectly separate from each other.
4. Distinguished or separated from others by nature or qualities; possessing differentiating characteristics; individually peculiar; different in quality or kind; not alike. Const. from.
ΘΚΠ
the world > relative properties > relationship > difference > [adjective]
othereOE
otherkinseOE
unilicheOE
elseOE
otherways?c1225
diversc1250
diverse1297
unlikea1300
likelessa1325
sundrya1325
contrariousc1340
nothera1375
strangec1380
anothera1382
otherwisea1393
diversed1393
differenta1400
differing?c1400
deparayll1413
disparable1413
disparail1413
dissemblable1413
party?a1439
unlikeningc1450
indifferent1513
distinct1523
repugnant1528
far1531
heterogene?1541
discrepant1556
mislike1570
contrary1576
distincted1577
another-gainesa1586
dispar1587
another gate1594
dislike1596
unresembling1598
heterogeneana1601
anothergates1604
heterogeneal1605
unmatched1606
disparate1608
disparent?1611
differential1618
dissimilar1621
disparated1624
dissimilary1624
heterogeneous1624
unparallel1624
otherguess1632
anotherguise1635
incongenerous1646
anotherguess1650
otherguise1653
distant1654
unresemblant1655
distantial1656
allogeneous1666
distinguished1736
otherguised1768
unsimilar1768
insimilar1801
anotherkins1855
diff1861
distinctive1867
othergate1903
unalike1934
1523 Act 14 & 15 Hen. VIII c. 3 Every warden..shal limitte distincte and seueral markes to euery of the said worstede weauers.
1593 R. Hooker Of Lawes Eccl. Politie i. x. 70 A distinct kind of law from that which hath bene alreadie declared.
1656 B. Harris tr. J. N. de Parival Hist. Iron Age i. iii. iv. 74 These two Lords..as they were of a very contrary humour, so had they..a very distinct death.
1680 W. Temple Surv. Constit. of Empire in Wks. (1731) I. 93 Flanders cannot be considered distinct from Spain in the Government.
1836 J. Gilbert Christian Atonem. vi. 231 Holiness..is quite distinct from vindictiveness.
1845 M. Pattison in Christian Remembrancer Jan. 66 Such history is a distinct species of composition, a work of art, having its own principles.
5. Clearly perceptible or discernible by the senses or the mind; clear, plain, definite:
a. to the senses.
ΘΚΠ
the world > physical sensation > physical sensibility > ability to be perceived by senses > [adjective] > perceived by the senses > intensely or clearly
distincta1535
distinguished1700
vivid1705
pungent1850
1382 [implied in: Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) Neh. viii. 8 And thei radden in the boc of the lawe distinctli and apertli to vnderstonde. (at distinctly adv. 2)].
1398 [implied in: J. Trevisa tr. Bartholomew de Glanville De Proprietatibus Rerum (1495) iii. xvii. 62 Though a thinge be ryght tofore the eye, yf it be to ferre therfrom, it is not dystynctly knowe. (at distinctly adv. 2)].
a1535 T. More Hist. Richard III in Wks. (1557) 64/2 The voyce was neyther loude nor distincke.
1667 J. Milton Paradise Lost ix. 812 To see from thence distinct Each thing on Earth. View more context for this quotation
1785 W. Cowper Task iv. 162 The clear voice, symphonious yet distinct.
1813 W. Scott Bridal of Triermain iii. Introd. ii. 120 Distinct the shaggy mountains lie, Distinct the rocks, distinct the sky.
1827 J. Keble Christian Year II. lix. 33 God's chariot-wheels have left distinctest trace.
1856 B. Brodie Psychol. Inq. (ed. 3) I. ii. 35 The transparency of the atmosphere renders distant objects unusually distinct.
b. to the mind or thought.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > mental capacity > intelligibility > clearness, lucidity > [adjective]
sutelc897
openeOE
plaina1398
sada1400
familiar1509
facile1531
lightsome1532
well-determined1560
pervial1595
uncurious1601
articulate1603
distinct1609
unmisinterpretablea1631
dilucida1640
limpid1649
dilucidate1651
unmysterious1663
incurious1664
elucidatea1670
accessible1681
distinguished1700
dilucidated1759
unmistakable1822
black and white1838
clear-cut1843
square on1963
1609 W. Shakespeare Troilus & Cressida iv. vii. 129 That I may giue the locall wound a name, And make distinct the very breach, whereout Hectors great spirit flew. View more context for this quotation
1668 J. Howe Blessedness of Righteous Disc. (1825) 72 This somewhat distincter account of it.
1752 S. Johnson Rambler No. 208. ⁋11 When common words were..less distinct in their signification.
1860 J. Tyndall Glaciers of Alps ii. xix. 328 The distinct expression of thoughts and convictions which had long been entertained.
1891 Law Times Rep. 63 690/2 The defendant..had given distinct orders to Nunney never to lock anyone up.
c. In modern use: That is clearly such; unmistakable, decided, pronounced, positive. (Cf. distinctly adv. 2b.)
ΘΚΠ
the mind > mental capacity > belief > uncertainty, doubt, hesitation > absence of doubt, confidence > assured fact, certainty > evident certainty > [adjective]
witterc1175
apert1340
clearc1380
plainc1395
apparentc1400
demonstrablea1425
demonstrate1509
sensible?1531
explicit1623
apodicticala1638
demonstrated1646
apodictic1652
flat1665
decided1757
distinct1828
1828 T. B. Macaulay Hallam's Constit. Hist. in Edinb. Rev. Sept. 154 An act, not only of private treachery, but of distinct military desertion.
1871 E. A. Freeman Hist. Norman Conquest IV. xviii. 229 Who..would have a claim to a distinct preference at the next vacancy of the throne.
1873 W. Black Princess of Thule vi. 91 A most distinct dislike to Gaelic songs.
1887 Punch 19 Mar. 137/2 He is a distinct loss to the stage.
1892 W. Minto in Bookman Nov. 57/1 His volume is a distinct enrichment of our literature.
d. Transferred to the mental impression or faculty by which something is perceived.
ΚΠ
1654 Z. Coke Art of Logick 5 The distinct knowledge of God is paramount the reach of the understanding, there being nothing in God diverse from God, or what is not God himself...God..is conceivable only..by himself.
1697 Locke Let. to Stillingfleet in H. R. F. Bourne Life J. Locke (1876) II. xiv. 426 If your lordship has any better and distincter idea of substance than mine is.
1833 N. Arnott Elements Physics (ed. 5) II. i. 225 The point of distinct vision is distinguishable from the retina around by being more transparent.
1892 W. B. Scott Autobiogr. Notes I. 3 The distincter memory of middle life.
e. Capable of making clear distinctions; discerning, discriminating: = distinctive adj. 2. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > attention and judgement > judgement or decision > discernment, discrimination > [adjective]
subtlec1300
subtilea1450
judgemented1548
sundry1564
refined1574
discerning1583
respective1597
discernible1603
divisive1603
distinct1606
distinctional1607
discriminativea1638
distinctive1646
distinctial1648
discernable1650
discriminating1650
sagacious1650
discriminanta1656
dignoscitive1674
distinguishing1699
discriminate1743
discriminatory1745
diacritical1856
discriminational1918
1606 Bp. J. Hall Heauen vpon Earth 133 A distinct and curious head shall finde an hard taske to define in what point the goodnes thereof consisteth.
1756 J. Warton Ess. on Pope I. iii. 118 Men of dry distinct heads, cool imaginations, and keen application.
6. Marked in a manner so as to be distinguished; decorated, adorned. (A Latinism, chiefly poetic, and somewhat participial in use.)
ΘΚΠ
the mind > attention and judgement > beautification > [adjective] > ornamented or decorated
depaint?c1225
ornedc1384
trappeda1400
attiredc1400
bolled1400
picked?c1425
bedighta1440
garnishedc1440
well-apparelledc1450
decorate1460
adorned?1473
ornate?a1475
anorneda1500
decked?a1500
exornate1509
redimite?a1513
well-decked1530
adornate1539
prankedc1550
entrapped?1553
bested1558
distinct1596
embellished1598
well-tricked1599
enamelled1604
gaudeda1616
broidered1616
farded1637
phalerated1656
adorn1667
bedecked1671
gayed1671
fancied1688
phalerate1702
decorated1727
ornamented1730
orné1763
got-up1793
gotten-up1796
apparelled1821
engrailed1848
1596 E. Spenser Second Pt. Faerie Queene vi. iii. sig. Bb4v The place..was dight With diuers flowres distinct with rare delight. View more context for this quotation
1667 J. Milton Paradise Lost vi. 846 From the fourfold-visag'd Foure, Distinct with eyes, and from the living Wheels, Distinct alike with multitude of eyes. View more context for this quotation
1718 A. Pope tr. Homer Iliad IV. xiii. 768 The Handle..Distinct with Studs.
1817 P. B. Shelley Laon & Cythna i. lv. 28 A throne..Distinct with circling steps which rested on Their own deep fire.
1830 Ld. Tennyson Recoll. Arab. Nights ix, in Poems 53 Darkblue the deep sphere overhead, Distinct with vivid stars unrayed.
7. = distinguished adj. 4. Obsolete. rare.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > attention and judgement > esteem > reputation > fame or renown > famous or eminent person > [adjective]
mereeOE
athelOE
couthOE
brightOE
namecundc1175
outnumenc1175
noble?c1225
ketec1275
sheenc1275
tirfulc1275
glorious13..
losedc1305
of great renownc1330
glorifieda1340
worthly or worthy in wonea1350
clearc1374
nameda1382
solemna1387
renomeda1393
famous?a1400
renomé?a1400
renowneda1400
notedc1400
of (great, high, etc.) name?c1430
celebrate?1440
namely1440
famosec1449
honourable?c1450
notedc1450
parent?c1450
glorificatec1460
heroical?a1475
insignite?a1475
magnific1490
well-fameda1492
exemie1497
singular1497
preclare1503
magnificential1506
laureate1508
illustre?a1513
illustred1512
magnificent1513
preclared1530
grand1542
celebrated1549
heroicc1550
lustrantc1550
magnifical1557
illustrate1562
expectablec1565
ennobled1571
laurel1579
nominated1581
famosed1582
perspicuous1582
big1587
famed1595
uplifted1596
illustrious1598
celebrousc1600
luculent1600
celebrious1604
fameful1605
famoused1606
renownful1606
bruitful1609
eminent1611
insignious1620
clarousa1636
far-fameda1640
top1647
grandee1648
signalized1652
noscible1653
splendid1660
voiced1661
gloried1671
laurelled1683
distinguished1714
distinct1756
lustrious1769
trumpeted1775
spiry1825
world-famous1832
galactic1902
tycoonish1958
mega1987
1756 W. Toldervy Hist. Two Orphans III. 85 An application made..to a person of distinction..and the reception that they met with from the said distinct person.
B. n.
A separate or individual person or thing. Obsolete. rare.
ΘΚΠ
the world > relative properties > kind or sort > individual character or quality > [noun] > individuality or distinctness > separate or distinct thing or person
severalty1561
distinct1601
1601 W. Shakespeare Phoenix & Turtle in R. Chester Loves Martyr 171 Two distincts, Diuision none, Number there in loue was slaine.

Compounds

distinct base n. Optics (now historical) a focus, a focal plane.
ΘΚΠ
the world > physical sensation > sight and vision > [noun] > focal distance
distinct base1686
1686 Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 16 170 The Focus of the Object-glass..is usually called the Distinct-Base.
1692 W. Molyneux Dioptrica Nova 37 This F E D we call the Distinct Base, Focus, or Burning Point. 'Tis called the Distinct Base, because therein is a Distinct Representation of the Object.
1707 J. Flamsteed Hist. Life in F. Baily Acc. Revd. John Flamsteed (1835) 32 All the rays of light that fall upon the object parallel to the axes may be collected into one point of the image in the distinct base.
1709 G. Berkeley Ess. New Theory of Vision §40. 43 The Distance of the Distinct Base behind the Eye is double the true Distance of the Object before the Eye.
1738 R. Smith Compl. Syst. Opticks II. xii. 373 In the distinct base of the telescope..are placed three hairs.
1905 Proc. Optical Convent. 120 Molyneux has also given a problem for determining the breadth of the distinct base.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1896; most recently modified version published online June 2022).

distinctv.

Forms: Also Middle English destincti, Middle English distinke, Middle English–1500s dystynke.
Etymology: < Old French di-, destincter, -tinter to distinguish (Godefroy), < distinct distinct adj.
Obsolete.
= distinguish v. (in various senses); in past participle sometimes = distinct adj.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > attention and judgement > judgement or decision > discernment, discrimination > discern [verb (transitive)] > recognize as different
sundereOE
distinct1303
knowc1330
distinguea1340
kena1400
tella1425
discern1484
distinguish1561
smell1582
discriminate1637
undifference1654
the world > relative properties > wholeness > mutual relation of parts to whole > separation > action of dividing or divided condition > divide [verb (transitive)]
to-shedc888
to-dealeOE
dealc950
twemea1023
to-doOE
to-shiftc1122
brittenc1175
sunderc1230
depart1297
parta1300
twain15..
dividec1380
minisha1382
dressc1410
dissever1417
sever1435
quarterc1440
distinct1526
videc1540
disperse1548
several1570
separate1581
dirempt1587
distinguish1609
piecemeal1611
discrete1624
dispart1629
slit1645
parcel1652
canton1653
tripartite1653
split1707
carve1711
scind1869
1303 R. Mannyng Handlyng Synne 11590 A prest þat ys no clergye ynne, How can he weyl dystyncte þy synne?
1340 Ayenbite (1866) 152 To destincti be-tuene þe guode þinges and þe kueade.
c1386 G. Chaucer Parson's Tale (Ellesm.) ⁋754 In oother manere been distinct [v.rr. distynte, distinket] the speces of Glotonye after seint Gregorie.
c1400 Rom. Rose 6199 Ther can no wight distincte it so That he dare sey a word therto.
1526 W. Bonde Pylgrimage of Perfection iii. sig. SSSiiv The consideracion wherfore, the forsayd houres be so distincted or deuided in to .vii. tymes.
?1541 R. Copland Galen's Fourth Bk. Terapeutyke sig. Aivv, in Guy de Chauliac's Questyonary Cyrurgyens It is an impertynent thynge to this worke to dystynke these thynges.
1546 Bp. S. Gardiner Declar. True Articles 40 b By distinctinge gods knowledge from his election.
1583 P. Stubbes Second Pt. Anat. Abuses sig. K1 Be the churches, congregations, & assemblies there distincted into particulars.
1583 P. Stubbes Second Pt. Anat. Abuses sig. P1 Is it of necessitie than required, that the Pastors and Ministers of the worde, should be distincted from other people, by anie seuerall kind of attire?

Derivatives

diˈstincted adj.
ΘΚΠ
the world > relative properties > relationship > difference > [adjective]
othereOE
otherkinseOE
unilicheOE
elseOE
otherways?c1225
diversc1250
diverse1297
unlikea1300
likelessa1325
sundrya1325
contrariousc1340
nothera1375
strangec1380
anothera1382
otherwisea1393
diversed1393
differenta1400
differing?c1400
deparayll1413
disparable1413
disparail1413
dissemblable1413
party?a1439
unlikeningc1450
indifferent1513
distinct1523
repugnant1528
far1531
heterogene?1541
discrepant1556
mislike1570
contrary1576
distincted1577
another-gainesa1586
dispar1587
another gate1594
dislike1596
unresembling1598
heterogeneana1601
anothergates1604
heterogeneal1605
unmatched1606
disparate1608
disparent?1611
differential1618
dissimilar1621
disparated1624
dissimilary1624
heterogeneous1624
unparallel1624
otherguess1632
anotherguise1635
incongenerous1646
anotherguess1650
otherguise1653
distant1654
unresemblant1655
distantial1656
allogeneous1666
distinguished1736
otherguised1768
unsimilar1768
insimilar1801
anotherkins1855
diff1861
distinctive1867
othergate1903
unalike1934
1577 T. Rogers tr. S. à Geveren Of Ende of World 47/1 Nor yet their earnefull plaintes abroade distincted voyces send.
diˈstincting n.
ΘΚΠ
the world > relative properties > wholeness > mutual relation of parts to whole > separation > action of dividing or divided condition > [noun]
partinga1382
distinctiona1387
partition1517
quartering1555
distincting1570
distinguishing1587
dividedness1656
scission1676
dismembering1677
dismemberment1727
splitting1737
repulsion1771
dipartition1838
splitting1847
piecemealing1853
diaeresis1856
fission1865
split-up1878
1570 J. Dee in H. Billingsley tr. Euclid Elements Geom. Math. Præf. sig. *.jv The discretion discerning, and distincting of thinges.
1570 J. Dee in H. Billingsley tr. Euclid Elements Geom. Math. Præf. sig. *.jv Our Seuerallyng, distinctyng, and Numbryng, createth nothyng.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1896; most recently modified version published online December 2021).
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adj.n.a1382v.1303
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