单词 | discomfort |
释义 | discomfortn. a. Absence or deprivation of happiness or consolation; desolation, distress, grief, sorrow. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the mind > emotion > suffering > sorrow or grief > [noun] rueeOE teeneOE sorrowOE gramec1000 sytec1175 ruthc1225 dolea1240 balec1275 sighinga1300 dolour13.. ermingc1300 heartbreakc1330 discomfortc1350 griefa1375 tristourc1380 desolation1382 sichinga1387 tristesse1390 compassiona1400 rueinga1400 smarta1400 displeasure14.. gremec1400 heavity14.. dillc1420 notea1425 discomforturec1450 dolefulnessc1450 wandremec1450 regratec1485 doleance1490 trista1510 mispleasance1532 pathologiesa1586 balefulness1590 drearing1591 distressedness1592 woenessa1600 desertion1694 ruesomeness1881 schmerz1887 c1350 Psalter (BL Add. 17376) in K. D. Bülbring Earliest Compl. Eng. Prose Psalter (1891) lxxii. 19 (MED) Hou ben hij made in desconforte [L. desolationem]? c1384 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Douce 369(2)) (1850) Matt. xxiv. 15 The abhomynacioun of discomfort [L. desolationis], that is seid of Danyel, the prophete. 1483 ( tr. G. Deguileville Pilgrimage of Soul (Caxton) (1859) i. iii. 4 This grysely ghoost, also bygan to cryen, wherof I was ful gretely annoyed, and in ful hyghe discomfort. a1535 T. More Dialoge of Comfort (1553) i. iii. sig. A.vii So is the discomforte of that person desperate, yt desireth not his own comforte. 1577 B. Googe tr. C. Heresbach Foure Bks. Husbandry iii. f. 150 For swyne..eate not onely their owne, but young children..to the pitiful discomfort of the parent. a1616 W. Shakespeare Antony & Cleopatra (1623) iv. ii. 34 What meane you (Sir) To giue them this discomfort? Looke they weepe. View more context for this quotation 1694 R. South 12 Serm. II. 91 In solitude there is not only discomfort; but weakness also. 1702 W. Daniel Jrnl. 11 I arrived the 26th; but not so fortunate as to find the Ship I expected, Captain Sovaire, bound for Alexandretta, he being departed 4 Days before, to my great discomfort. a1792 C. Wells Discourses (1800) xv. 231 Light implies comfort and joy generally, in the language of scripture; and darkness, discomfort, sorrow and misery. 1847 H. W. Longfellow Evangeline ii. i. 68 Thus did that poor soul wander in want and in cheerless discomfort. b. That which causes distress; a trouble, a sorrow. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > adversity > [noun] > cause of evilc897 anguishc1330 discomfortc1405 trouble1591 dree1791 the mind > emotion > suffering > cause of mental pain or suffering > [noun] sorrowOE ail?c1225 scorpion?c1225 dolec1290 angera1325 anguishc1330 cupa1340 aggrievancea1400 discomfortc1405 afflictionc1429 sytec1440 pressurea1500 constraint1509 tenterhook1532 grief1535 annoying1566 troubler1567 griper1573 vexation1588 infliction1590 trouble1591 temptationc1595 load1600 torment1600 wringer1602 sorance1609 inflicting1611 brusha1616 freighta1631 woe-heart1637 ordeala1658 cut-up1782 unpleasure1792 iron maiden1870 mental cruelty1899 c1405 (c1395) G. Chaucer Franklin's Tale (Hengwrt) (2003) l. 188 Hir freendes sawe that it was no disport To romen by the See but disconfort. ?1521 A. Barclay Bk. Codrus & Mynalcas sig. a.iii Pouerte to me, shulde be no disconfort If other spepherde [sic], were all of the same sort. 1562 I. S. (title) Truth tried: very comfortable to the faithful, but a discomfort to the enemies of God. c1600 Wriothesley's Chron. Eng. (1875) I. 33 Which was a great discompfort to all this realme. 1657 F. Roberts Mysterium & Medulla Bibliorum iii. iv. 798 To depend upon the Lord her God, as a wife upon a faithful Husband..for Supporting Consolation in all her sorrows and discomforts. 1722 D. Defoe Relig. Courtship i. ii. 74 My Discomforts are very great. 1796 F. Burney Camilla I. ii. xv. 390 A suspensive discomfort inquieted his mind. 1859 Ld. Tennyson Elaine in Idylls of King 203 This discomfort he hath done the house. ΘΚΠ the mind > emotion > fear > dismay > [noun] dismaying13.. discomfortc1405 discourage1434 discouraging1436 discomforting1437 qualm?1531 faintingc1540 quailing1542 discouragement1548 dismayedness1571 dismay1590 disencouragement1598 dismayment1600 exanimation1604 disheartenednessa1680 astonishing1820 disheartenment1876 the mind > mental capacity > expectation > despair, hopelessness > [noun] > want or loss of spirit discomfortc1405 discourage1434 discouraging1436 discomforting1437 discouragement1548 disencouragement1598 disheartenednessa1680 lostness1728 disheartenment1876 the mind > emotion > fear > quality of inspiring fear > quality of being intimidating > [noun] > instance or action of intimidating or bullying daunta1400 dauntingc1400 fear1426 discomfort1512 discouraging1578 appalement1579 browbeating1581 appall1598 huffing1600 appaling1603 appalment1611 disheartening1619 intimidation1658 hectorism1672 bullying1680 bullocking1715 huff1773 bullyism1821 disheartenment1830 table-thumping1839 bulldozing1876 c1405 (c1385) G. Chaucer Knight's Tale (Hengwrt) (2003) l. 1152 Amyddes of the temple sat meschaunce With disconfort and sory contenaunce. 1487 (a1380) J. Barbour Bruce (St. John's Cambr.) xi. 488 Oftsis of ane vord may ris Discomfort [1489 Adv. Discomford] and tynsall with-all. 1488 (c1478) Hary Actis & Deidis Schir William Wallace (Adv.) (1968–9) xi. l. 168 The tothir Scottis..For dysconford to leiff the feild was boun. 1512 Act 4 Hen. VIII c. 20 §2 To the great discomforte and fere of your true officers. 1551 R. Crowley Pleasure & Payne sig. Avii Wyth spytefull wordis of disconforte. 1598 H. Roberts Honours Conquest sig. Lv Our people seeing your discomfort, may leaue vs heere in the middest of our enemies. ΘΚΠ society > armed hostility > defeat > [noun] confusionc1290 scomfit13.. cumber1303 discomfitc1330 scomfitingc1333 discomfiturea1400 scomfiturea1400 discomfitingc1405 overthrowc1440 male journey1455 overset1456 foilc1478 discomforture1485 supprise1488 reversea1529 distrage?1548 loss1548 defeat1553 underdeal1553 discomfort1589 defeatment1598 defeature1598 rufflec1600 defeatance1608 routa1616 Caudine Forks1619 disrout1623 conviction1631 bang1644 derout1644 conquest1677 drubbing1769 check1793 thrashing1797 sauve-qui-peut1815 debacle1847 smash1888 pasting1942 1589 G. Puttenham Arte Eng. Poesie i. xxiv. 38 Ouerthrowes and discomforts in battell. 4. a. Something that makes a person feel (mentally or physically) uncomfortable; an inconvenience, a hardship. Also: a slight physical pain. Frequently in plural. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > harm or detriment > disadvantage > uselessness > inconvenience > [noun] > an inconvenience inconvenient?a1475 inconvenientise1528 unconvenience1535 inconvenience1578 inconveniency1640 disaccommodation1645 discommodity1662 put-out1833 discomfort1841 aggro1969 1750 S. Johnson Rambler No. 48. 261 No one, who has ever languished under the discomforts and infirmities of a lingering disease, can read it without feeling the images dance in his heart. 1841 G. P. R. James Brigand i The inconveniences and discomforts which those beautiful days of the south sometimes bring. 1849 T. B. Macaulay Hist. Eng. II. 485 The troops who had gone on shore had many discomforts to endure. 1885 ‘E. Garrett’ At Any Cost i. 19 Mrs. Sinclair was one of those who instinctively avoid all avoidable discomforts. 1913 Jrnl. Amer. Med. Assoc. 4 Oct. 1266/1 A discomfort almost amounting to a pain in the back. 1937 Pop. Mech Feb. 144/1 Beyond 120 decibels noise is no longer a discomfort, but a positive pain. 1950 Times 20 Mar. 5/3 The expectation may have been fostered among criminals that they will find that the salutary discomforts of prison have been reformed away. 2004 F. D. McMillan Unlocking Animal Mind ii. 27 Touching a hot stove is a discomfort, a grain of sand in your eye is a discomfort. b. The state, condition, or fact of being (mentally or physically) uncomfortable; uneasiness. Also: slight physical pain. ΘΚΠ the mind > emotion > suffering > state of being upset or perturbed > [noun] stirringc888 maleasea1300 uneasea1300 diseasec1330 perturbationa1382 unrestfulnessc1384 disturbancea1387 unroc1390 distroublancea1400 perturbancec1425 unquietnessc1460 inquietation1461 conturbationc1470 unheart's-ease1470 distroubling1487 wanease15.. inquietness?1504 unrufe1508 sturt1513 pertroublancea1522 inquieting1527 unquieting1548 turmoiling1550 unquiet1551 agitation?1555 storm1569 wanrest1570 discountenance1577 float1579 disquiet1581 brangling1584 diseasefulnessa1586 restlessness1597 hurry1600 disturbancy1603 disquietment1606 disordera1616 laruma1616 uneasinessa1616 diseasementa1617 discomposture1622 discomposition1624 whirr1628 discomposednessa1631 discomposure1632 pother1638 incomposedness1653 inquietude1658 uneasefulness1661 toss1666 disquietednessa1680 intranquillitya1699 disquietude1709 bosom-broil1742 discomfort1779 rufflement1806 feeze1825 uncomfortableness1828 discomforture1832 astasia1839 dysphoria1842 purr1842 peacelessness1852 palaver1899 perturbment1901 heebie-jeebies1923 wahala1966 agita1979 the world > health and disease > ill health > pain > types of pain > [noun] > discomfort ill liking?a1400 overcasting1552 uneasiness1665 discomfort1779 uncomfortableness1828 discomforture1832 1779 H. Thrale Jrnl. 1 May in Thraliana (1942) I. 382 He seems to have no Affections, and that won't do with me—I feel great Discomfort in the Society of a Pococurante. 1836 A. Combe Physiol. Digestion ii. i. 195 The great discomfort which attends the subsequent indigestion of a heavy dinner. 1855 T. B. Macaulay Hist. Eng. III. 255 The Scots..began to find that independence had its discomfort as well as its dignity. 1873 C. B. Ward Life in Ghetto xiii. 213 She felt a discomfort unaccountable to herself, at the keen eyes of observation he fastened on her little charge. 1911 M. S. Read Introd. Psychol. xiii. 275 He will soon feel to his great discomfort the social disapproval of his rash and passionate words and acts. 1940 N. J. Eastman Expectant Motherhood (1947) iii. 42 A small sample of blood is taken by puncturing a vein on the upper arm with a fine needle attached to a syringe. This ‘stick’ is avowedly unpleasant but the discomfort is momentary. 2009 Independent on Sunday 4 Jan. 31/2 Outspokenly critical of the apartheid government, she used her position to cause discomfort and expose abuse. Compounds discomfort glare n. bright (often reflected) light which causes discomfort but does not impair vision; cf. disability glare n. at disability n. Compounds. ΚΠ 1929 Illuminating Engineer Dec. 309/1 Mr. Stiles had quite rightly discriminated between disability glare and discomfort glare, and had indicated how difficult it was to assess the effect of the latter form of glare. 1931 Brit. Med. Jrnl. 26 Sept. 585/1 Estimates of the visibility of objects on the roadway, the reduction of ocular sensitivity, and discomfort glare. 1951 W. R. Stevens Princ. Lighting viii. 186 We find it difficult to provide high illumination..in interiors without discomfort glare. 1999 M. Fontoynont Daylight Performance of Buildings 17/1 No index has actually been recommended for assessing discomfort glare due to windows. discomfort index n. originally U.S. (a) Meteorology an index for measuring the discomfort felt in warm weather as a result of the combined effects of the temperature and humidity of the air; (b) Economics an informal measure of the state of an economy obtained from the sum of the rate of inflation and the unemployment statistics; = misery index n. at misery n. Compounds 2 (now somewhat rare). ΚΠ 1957 Boston Globe 29 Mar. 2/7 The Weather Breau's [sic] climatology office in Washington is working on this problem, which is difficult because it involved humidity... A new tool called the ‘discomfort index’ has been developed. 1971 Times-Standard (Eureka, Calif.) 5 July 12/1 The ‘discomfort index’ invented by Arthur M. Okun..has shot up to a startling 13.4. 1983 Economist 22 Oct. 111/1 The chart shows this ‘discomfort index’ for the seven largest countries. 2007 E. Amenta Professor Baseball 115 It has reached the midnineties by the early afternoon and the discomfort index is well into the three digits. discomfort zone n. originally U.S. an area where discomfort is felt; a place or situation in which a person feels (physically) uncomfortable or ill at ease; cf. comfort zone n. ΚΠ 1935 N.Y. Times 10 Feb. viii. 20/1 Many studies, made both on ships and in airplanes, show that the comfort zone of acceleration must lie within 1-10g [i.e. between 0–1/10g]—that is, the force of gravity on the weight of the individual. The discomfort zone lies between 1-10 [i.e. 1/10] and 1g. 1957 Vidette-Messenger (Valparaiso, Indiana) 13 Sept. 5 Heat gets out through these leaks in a steady stream all winter long, wasting costly fuel and causing discomfort zones in the home. 2004 Vanity Fair Feb. 82/3 To write frankly about one's relationship with money is to enter many readers' discomfort zone. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2013; most recently modified version published online June 2022). discomfortv.ΘΚΠ the mind > emotion > suffering > dejection > make dejected [verb (transitive)] drearya1300 discomfortc1325 batec1380 to cast downa1382 to throw downa1382 dullc1386 faintc1386 discomfita1425 discourage1436 sinkc1440 mischeera1450 discheerc1454 amatea1500 bedowa1522 damp1548 quail1548 dash1550 exanimate1552 afflict1561 dank1565 disanimate1565 sadden1565 languish1566 deject1581 dumpc1585 unheart1593 mope1596 chill1597 sour1600 disgallant1601 disheart1603 dishearten1606 fainten1620 depress1624 sullen1628 tristitiate1628 disliven1631 dampen1633 weigh1640 out-spirit1643 dispirit1647 flat1649 funeralize1654 hearta1658 disencourage1659 attrist1680 flatten1683 dismalizec1735 blue-devil1812 out-heart1845 downweigh1851 to get down1861 frigidize1868 languor1891 downcast1914 neg1987 c1325 (c1300) Chron. Robert of Gloucester (Calig.) 4316 (MED) Þo þe romeyns were wiþoute chef, desconforted [c1425 Harl. dyscomforted] hii were. a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Fairf. 14) l. 15543 Loke ȝe ȝu disconfort [Vesp. mismai] noȝt. ?a1400 (a1338) R. Mannyng Chron. (Petyt) ii. 70 Discomfort no þing þe, so faire happe neuer þou fond. 1487 (a1380) J. Barbour Bruce (St. John's Cambr.) v. l.206 His spek discomfort thame all sua That thai had left haill that viage. 1504 Rolls of Parl.: Henry VII (Electronic ed.) Parl. Jan. 1504 §5. m. 5 The seid sueters..were..disconforted, and in dispayre of expedicion of ther suites. 1590 J. White Fifth Voy. in R. Hakluyt Princ. Navigations (1600) III. 292 This mischance did so much discomfort the saylers, that they were all of one mind not to goe any further. 1609 W. Shakespeare Troilus & Cressida v. xi. 10 My Lord you doe discomfort all the host. View more context for this quotation a1677 T. Manton Several Disc. (1685) 100 The Mind..which is naturally discomforted, and weakned..is mightily revived and encouraged with these glad Tydings. 1706 Phillips's New World of Words (new ed.) Discomfort..to afflict, cast down, or put out of Heart. 1776 Blockheads i. ii. 7 Why should we be so discomforted, because we have met with a little rugged treatment? 1856 Brit. Banner 20 Nov. 379/2 Discomforted by failure, or fevered by gains, he became careful for nothing, and was prepared to sacrifice truth. ΘΚΠ society > armed hostility > victory > make victorious [verb (transitive)] > conquer or overcome overcomeeOE shendc893 awinc1000 overwinOE overheaveOE to lay downa1225 mate?c1225 discomfitc1230 win1297 dauntc1300 cumber1303 scomfit1303 fenkc1320 to bear downc1330 confoundc1330 confusec1330 to do, put arrear1330 oversetc1330 vanquishc1330 conquerc1374 overthrowc1375 oppressc1380 outfighta1382 to put downa1382 discomfortc1384 threshc1384 vencuea1400 depressc1400 venque?1402 ding?a1425 cumrayc1425 to put to (also at, unto) the (also one's) worsec1425 to bring or put to (or unto) utterance1430 distrussc1430 supprisec1440 ascomfita1450 to do stress?c1450 victorya1470 to make (win) a conquest1477 convanquish1483 conquest1485 defeat1485 oversailc1485 conques1488 discomfish1488 fulyie1488 distress1489 overpress1489 cravent1490 utter?1533 to give (a person) the overthrow1536 debel1542 convince1548 foil1548 out-war1548 profligate1548 proflige?c1550 expugnate1568 expugn1570 victor1576 dismay1596 damnify1598 triumph1605 convict1607 overman1609 thrash1609 beat1611 debellate1611 import1624 to cut to (or in) pieces1632 maitrise1636 worst1636 forcea1641 outfight1650 outgeneral1767 to cut up1803 smash1813 slosh1890 ream1918 hammer1948 the mind > mental capacity > expectation > disappointment > disappoint, frustrate [verb (transitive)] > frustrate, thwart discomfitc1230 blenk?a1400 mispoint1480 fruster1490 frustrate?a1513 disappoint1545 destitutea1563 foila1564 deceive1571 thwart1581 balka1593 discomfort1596 unwont1629 fail1634 c1384 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Douce 369(2)) (1850) Matt. xii. 25 Eche kyngdam departid aȝeins hym self, shal be desolat, or discounfortid [L. desolatur]. 1596 J. Norden Progr. Pietie f. 42v When the wicked shal fal and be vtterly discomforted. 1628 in R. F. Williams Birch's Court & Times Charles I (1848) (modernized text) I. 410 The news..almost discomforted our hopes. 1647 J. Lilburne Rash Oaths Unwarrantable 12 The Turkes..having slaine King Vladislaus, and discomforted his Army. a. transitive. To deprive (a person) of happiness or consolation; to distress, grieve, sadden; to make disconsolate or sorrowful. Also occasionally intransitive. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the mind > emotion > suffering > misery > render miserable [verb (transitive)] discomforta1398 wretcha1513 desolate1530 disconsolate1530 distress1586 unhappy1597 uncomfort1637 infelicitate1654 a1398 J. Trevisa tr. Bartholomaeus Anglicus De Proprietatibus Rerum (BL Add. 27944) (1975) I. v. xxiii. 214 An vnordinat voys..gladeþ nouȝt noþir comfortiþ, but is elenge and discomforted and greueþ þe eren and witte. 1483 ( tr. G. Deguileville Pilgrimage of Soul (Caxton) (1859) i. iii. 4 The syght of some thynges that I sawe gladyd moche my harte, and the syght of somme other thynges dyscomfortyd me hugely. 1490 W. Caxton tr. Foure Sonnes of Aymon (1885) xxviii. 590 Ye doo not well for to make soo grete sorowe, nor to discomforte yourself so moche as ye doo. c1515 Ld. Berners tr. Bk. Duke Huon of Burdeux (1882–7) xlvii. 159 She was ryght sorowfull and sore dyscomfortyd. 1586 Bp. of Meath Let. to Ld. Burghley 5 Mar. in J. Strype Ann. Reformation (1824) III. ii. App. 411 Your resolution for the referment of my cause back again to my lord deputy doth much grieve and discomfort me. 1613 G. Chapman Epicede sig. D4v, (margin) The prince heroical his bearing his sicknes at the Kings comming to see him, careful not to discomfort him. a1635 R. Sibbes Learned Comm. 2 Cor. i. (1655) 71 A man is a God to a man when he comforts; when he discomforts, and directs, and withdrawes, he is a divell to a man. 1795 M. V. Faugeres Belisarius i. 8 If a friend, with cheerful countenance, Does look upon you, your aspect so dismay'd Straightway discomforts him. 1845 T. W. Coit Puritanism 386 The man who went to discomfort Abp. Laud in his imprisonment. 1882 D. G. Rossetti Rose Mary in Poems 16 Long it was ere she raised her head And rose up all discomforted. b. intransitive. To distress oneself, grieve. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the mind > emotion > suffering > sorrow or grief > feel sorrow or grief [verb (intransitive)] sorroweOE sorryeOE careOE heavyOE mournOE rueOE murkenOE dole13.. likec1330 wailc1374 ensorrowc1384 gloppen?a1400 sytea1400 teena1400 grievec1400 angera1425 erme1481 yearna1500 aggrieve1559 discomfort?a1560 melancholyc1580 to eat one's (own) heart1590 repent1590 passion1598 sigh1642 ?a1560 in T. Wright Songs & Ballads Reign Philip & Mary (1860) 3 O why shold we be..sad? Or for to dyscomfort what thyng shold us compell? a1563 J. Bale King Johan (1969) ii. 1950 Sir, disconfort not, for God hath sent debatementes..From thys heauye yoke delyuerynge yow. 4. transitive. To make (mentally or physically) uncomfortable or uneasy; to disconcert. Cf. discomfit v. 2. ΘΚΠ the mind > emotion > suffering > state of being upset or perturbed > upset or perturb [verb (transitive)] to-wendc893 mingeOE dreveOE angerc1175 sturb?c1225 worec1225 troublec1230 sturble1303 disturbc1305 movea1325 disturblec1330 drubblea1340 drovec1350 distroublec1369 tempestc1374 outsturba1382 unresta1382 stroublec1384 unquietc1384 conturb1393 mismaya1400 unquemea1400 uneasec1400 discomfita1425 smite?a1425 perturbc1425 pertrouble?1435 inquiet1486 toss1526 alter1529 disquiet1530 turmoil1530 perturbate1533 broil1548 mis-set?1553 shake1567 parbruilyiec1586 agitate1587 roil1590 transpose1594 discompose1603 harrow1609 hurry1611 obturb1623 shog1636 untune1638 alarm1649 disorder1655 begruntlea1670 pother1692 disconcert1695 ruffle1701 tempestuate1702 rough1777 caddle1781 to put out1796 upset1805 discomfort1806 start1821 faze1830 bother1832 to put aback1833 to put about1843 raft1844 queer1845 rattle1865 to turn over1865 untranquillize1874 hack1881 rock1881 to shake up1884 to put off1909 to go (also pass) through a phase1913 to weird out1970 the world > health and disease > ill health > pain > types of pain > affect with type of pain [verb (transitive)] > discomfort disquiet1530 discompose1603 terrify1641 discomfort1806 1806 C. Dacre Zofloya I. vi. 139 The Signora, somewhat discomforted by the unexpected demeanor of Victoria.., knew not for the moment how to receive her. 1856 J. Ruskin Mod. Painters IV. 346 He is careless..nor feels discomforted, though his walls should be full of fissures like the rocks. 1893 ‘Q’ Delectable Duchy 37 The Registrar..was discomforted by a pair of tight boots. 1922 B. Tarkington Gentle Julia xiii. 187 Seated upon the brick walk at her feet, he was regarding her with a gravity that seemed to discomfort her. 1975 J. McPhee Survival of Bark Canoe (1990) i. 38 Thoreau was discomforted by the confinement of the paddling position, and he used the word ‘torture’ to describe it. 2010 New Statesman 25 Jan. 15/1 You may remember Brown..quite obviously discomforting Dave with some sharp comments about his poster-boy appearance. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2013; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.c1350v.c1325 |
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