单词 | galling |
释义 | gallingn.1 1. The action of gall v.1 in various senses; the condition of being galled. ΚΠ 1546 T. Phaer Bk. Children (1553) U v a [It] is..good for the galling or chaffing of ye fete. 1580 T. Tusser Fiue Hundred Pointes Good Husbandrie (new ed.) f. 55 Er winter preuenteth, while weather is good, for galling of pasture, get home with thy wood. 1598 R. Barret Theorike & Pract. Mod. Warres iv. 96 Their vollie in their face..would bee no small galling vnto them. 1646 Sir T. Browne Pseudodoxia Epidemica i. viii. 31 Vitex or Agnus Castus held only in the hand, preserveth the rider from galling . View more context for this quotation 1678 A. Marvell Def. John Howe in Wks. (1875) IV. 196 It is a certain remedy against all gauling, at least by this argumentation. 1754 New & Compl. Dict. Arts & Sci. I. 633 Pieces of brass, with holes in them, put into wooden shivers, to keep them from splitting and galling by the pin of the block. 1799 H. T. Colebrooke Life (1873) 440 Four [elephants] were disabled, by the galling of their backs, from carrying their usual burdens. ΘΚΠ the world > health and disease > ill health > injury > [noun] > sore > gall or chafe gallc1440 gallingc1440 excoriation?a1547 galledness1569 merry-gall1575 gald1611 galding1684 c1440 Promptorium Parvulorum 185/1 Gallynge, strumositas. 1607 E. Topsell Hist. Foure-footed Beastes 410 Hony and Verdigrease boiled together..is a good ointment for all gallings on the withers. 1725 R. Bradley Chomel's Dictionaire Œconomique at Transplanting A good Piece of Rope tyed about the neck of the Trees upon a whisp of Straw, preserves them from gallings. Compounds galling-leather n. a piece of leather to prevent galling or chafing. ΚΠ 1794 W. Felton Treat. Carriages I. 146 A seat is..covered over with a cloth..lined at the bottom with strong leather, called a galling-leather. 1795 W. Felton Treat. Carriages II. (Gloss.) 221 Galling Leather,..sewed under that part of the harness where there is a buckle to prevent it from galling the horse. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1898; most recently modified version published online December 2019). gallingn.2 The treatment of material with galls, as a preliminary of the actual process of dyeing it. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > colour > colouring > dyeing > [noun] > processes or techniques masteringa1475 woading1613 aluming1735 saddening1743 bouillon1791 galling1791 dunging1792 piece-dyeing1863 union dyeing1875 batik1880 batiking1880 tie-and-dye1886 cross-dyeing1901 tie-dying1903 vat dyeing1912 tie-dye1926 tied dyeing1928 ikat1931 overdyeing1939 yūzen1958 spin-dyeing1961 1791 W. Hamilton tr. C.-L. Berthollet Elements Art of Dyeing I. i. i. v. 105 Silk acquires by galling a [permanent] weight. 1800 tr. E. J. B. Bouillon-Lagrange Man. Course Chem. II. 275 Galling consists in macerating any piece of stuff in a decoction of gall-nuts. 1815 J. Smith Panorama Sci. & Art II. 543 After the galling, the silk is put into a solution of sulphate of iron. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1898; most recently modified version published online September 2021). gallingadj. That galls. 1. Chafing, irritating or harassing physically. ΘΚΠ the world > health and disease > ill health > injury > [adjective] > raw of flesh > galled or chafed > galling or chafing chafing1539 galling1647 amyctic1853 1647 H. More Philos. Poems ii. ii. ii. xxxiii What tells the hand or head the toes great grief, When it alone is pinch'd with galling shooes? 1670 J. Milton Hist. Brit. ii. 57 What with gauling Darts and heavie strokes, the Britans who wore neither Helmet nor Cuirass to defend them, were at last overcome. 1712 A. Pope tr. Statius First Bk. Thebais in Misc. Poems 16 As stubborn Steers..join'd reluctant to the galling Yoke. a1839 W. M. Praed Poems (1864) II. 283 And looks with marvel on his galling chain. 1879 J. McCarthy Hist. our Own Times II. xx. 89 They [the Ministry] were placed between two galling fires. 2. figurative. Irritating, offensive to the mind or spirit. ΘΚΠ the mind > emotion > suffering > state of annoyance or vexation > [adjective] > annoying or vexatious angeeOE swinkfuleOE plightlyOE teenfulOE contrariousc1320 drefa1325 troublinga1325 despitousa1340 thornya1340 discomfortablec1350 troublablec1374 noyousa1382 noyfulc1384 diseasy1387 angrya1393 painful1395 hackinga1400 annoying?c1400 annoyousc1400 cumbrousc1400 teenc1400 annoyfulc1405 sputousc1420 diseasefula1425 molest?a1425 noying?a1425 noisomea1450 grievingc1450 tedious?1454 troublous1463 noisantc1475 displeasant1481 strouble1488 nuisant1494 noyanta1500 irksome1513 sturting1513 molestious1524 vexatious1534 cumbersome1535 uncommodious1541 spiteful1548 vexing?1548 incommodious1551 molestous1555 diseasing1558 grating1563 pestilent1565 sturtsome1570 molestuousa1572 troublesome1573 murrain1575 discommodable1579 galling1583 spiny1586 unsupportable1586 troubleful1588 plaguey1594 distressingc1595 molestful1596 molesting1598 vexful1598 fretful1603 briery1604 bemadding1608 mortifying1611 tiry1611 distressfula1616 irking1629 angersome1649 disobliging1652 discomforting1654 incomfortable1655 incommode1672 ruffling1680 unconvenient1683 pestifying1716 trying1718 offending1726 bothering1765 pesky1775 weary1785 sturty1788 unaccommodating1790 tiresome1798 werriting1808 bothersome1817 plaguesome1828 pestilential1833 fretsome1834 languorous1834 pesty1834 pestersome1843 nettlesome1845 miserable1850 niggling1854 distempering1855 be-maddeninga1861 nattery1873 nagging1883 pestiferous1890 trouble-giving1893 maddening1896 molestive1905 nuisancy1906 balls-aching?1912 nuisance1922 nattering1949 noodgy1969 dickheaded1991 dickish1991 cockish1996 1583 G. Babington Very Fruitfull Expos. Commaundem. vi. 286 The occasions of anger in manie men are..nipping woordes, and gawling speeches. 1655 W. Gouge & T. Gouge Learned Comm. Hebrewes (xiii. 5) iv. 41 [Covetousnesse] is a gawling sinne. It works a continuall vexation. 1790 E. Burke Refl. Revol. in France 105 The anodyne draught of oblivion..is well calculated to preserve a galling wakefulness. View more context for this quotation 1819 W. Irving Sketch Bk. i. 48 Ruin in fashionable life is accompanied by so many galling mortifications. 1876 J. R. Green Stray Stud. Eng. & Italy 221 The more galling and oppressive instances of serfdom seem to have slipped unconsciously away. Derivatives ˈgallingly adv. ΘΚΠ the mind > emotion > suffering > state of annoyance or vexation > [adverb] > in annoying or vexatious manner noyfully1395 annoyously?c1400 noyously1483 troublously1538 uncommodiously1545 wretchedly1546 irksomely1549 incommodiously1551 troublesomely1591 vexingly1599 cumbersomely1611 vexatiously1642 discomfortably1653 importunely1658 gratingly1683 mortifyingly1748 distressingly1786 gallingly1802 annoyingly1806 peskily1833 pesky1833 tryingly1841 discomfortingly1869 balls-achingly1972 1802 J. Baillie Ethwald ii. iv. ii One who, new to greatness, Feels its unwieldy robe sit on his shoulders Constrain'd and gallingly. 1852 F. W. Robertson Serm. 3rd Ser. xvii. 220 Law bears gallingly on those who want to break it. ˈgallingness n. ΘΚΠ the mind > emotion > suffering > state of annoyance or vexation > [noun] > annoying or vexatious quality uneasiness1387 noyfulnessa1398 troublousness1530 irksomeness1533 troublesomeness1548 molestiousness1559 sturtsomenessa1586 incommodiousnessa1631 gallingness1647 vexatiousness1650 annoyingness1864 jarringness1865 peskiness1869 tryingness1897 bastardism1993 1647 R. Boyle Let. in Wks. I. p. xxxix I never found that people discontented with their own church-government (the gallingness of whose yoke is the grand scare-crow that frights us here). This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1898; most recently modified version published online March 2021). < n.1c1440n.21791adj.1583 |
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