disastern.

Brit.

/dᵻˈzɑːstə/,

/dᵻˈzastə/, U.S.

/dəˈzæstər/

Forms: 1500s disastre, 1500s–1600s desaster, 1500s–1600s dysaster, 1600s– disaster.

Origin: Of multiple origins. Partly a borrowing from French. Partly a borrowing from Italian; perhaps modelled on an Occitan lexical item. Etymons: French desastre; Italian disastro.

Etymology: < (i) Middle French desastre catastrophe, calamity, misfortune (1537; French désastre ), and its etymon (ii) Italian disastro (end of the 13th cent.) < dis- dis- prefix + astro star (see astro- comb. form), perhaps after Old Occitan desastre (early 13th cent.; Occitan desastre ), probably itself after Old Occitan dezastruc ill-starred (late 12th cent.). With the semantic development compare ill-starred adj.Compare Catalan desastre (14th cent.), Spanish desastre (14th cent.; probably < Catalan), Portuguese desastre (15th cent.), and also Old Occitan malastre (12th cent.), Catalan malastre (14th cent.), both in sense ‘misfortune’, Old Occitan benastre (13th cent. in an isolated attestation), Catalan bon astre (14th cent.), both in sense ‘good fortune’. Sense 2 is not paralleled in French.

a. An event or occurrence of a ruinous or very distressing nature; a calamity; esp. a sudden accident or natural catastrophe that causes great damage or loss of life.

ΘΚΠ

the world > action or operation > adversity > calamity or misfortune > [noun] > misfortune or ill-luck > instance of misfortune or ill-luck > dreadful or severe

tragedy1509

calamity1552

disaster1567

fatality1648

stroke1686

catastrophe1748

tragic1847

big one1978

meltdown1979

1567 G. Fenton tr. M. Bandello Certaine Tragicall Disc. f. 115 So fortune displayinge the flagge of her malice, encountred hym soddainely with a desaster excedynge his exspectation.

1598 J. Florio Worlde of Wordes Disastro, disastre, mischance, ill lucke.

a1616 W. Shakespeare All's Well that ends Well (1623) iii. vi. 53 It was a disaster of warre that Cæsar him selfe could not haue preuented.

1656 B. Harris tr. J. N. de Parival Hist. Iron Age i. iv. iii. 103 Fate, it seems, would needs involve them in the same disasters.

1736 Read's Weekly Jrnl. 23 Oct. We had very stormy weather..in which a melancholy Disaster befel a Vessel from Glamorganshire.

1770 O. Goldsmith Deserted Village 200 Well had the boding tremblers learn'd to trace The day's disasters in his morning's face.

1826 J. F. Cooper Last of Mohicans I. viii. 110 The whole party..was made acquainted with the nature of the disaster, that had disturbed even the practiced stoicism of their youthful Indian protector.

1872 N.Y. Times 9 Nov. 1/1 (heading) The Missouri disaster... Narratives of five survivors—a terrible story of danger and suffering.

1906 Westm. Gaz. 17 Oct. 10/1 The terrible disaster at Seaham in 1880, when the death-roll approximated to nearly 200.

1968 G. Daws Shoal of Time v. 172 The Hawaiian government declared the depredations of the Shenandoah a public disaster.

2013 Daily Tel. 31 July 15/1 The driver at the centre of last week's Spanish rail disaster was speaking on the telephone at the moment his train derailed.

b. The state or condition that results from a ruinous event; the occurrence of a sudden accident or catastrophe, or a series of such events; misfortune, calamity.

ΚΠ

1592 Countess of Pembroke tr. R. Garnier Antonius ii, in tr. P. de Mornay Disc. Life & Death sig. K^v That good fortune which me neuer left, Which hard disastre now hath me bereft.

1635 T. Heywood Hierarchie Blessed Angells iii. 118 Who so shall to my counsell lend an eare, Ruine or sad Disaster need not feare.

1670 W. Annand Pater Noster v. iv. 263 From the praecipice of passionate resolves, he invokes disaster.

1711 Ld. Shaftesbury Characteristicks III. Misc. iii. ii. 182 Must it not, of consequence, in the same manner imply Health or Sickliness, Prosperity or Disaster?

1796 E. Burke Thoughts Prospect Regicide Peace ii. 92 When the vicissitude of disaster took it's turn, they found common distress a treacherous bond of faith and friendship.

1807 G. Chalmers Caledonia I. iii. ii. 335 Ages of disunion and disaster.

1874 J. Morley On Compromise 22 Such a system must inevitably bring disaster.

1907 Placerville (Calif.) Mountain Democrat 1 June To have pressed the horse on might have led to disaster.

1960 A. MacLean Night without End ix. 145 I had a strange fey sense of impending disaster.

2015 Church Times 4 Sept. 22/3 Despite his obvious personal charm, he also died belaboured by financial disaster and set about with scandal.

2. Astrology. An unfavourable aspect or condition of a star or planet; an ill-omened star. Now historical and rare.

ΘΚΠ

the world > the universe > heavenly body > as influence on mankind > [noun] > nature of > malign > aspect or body

disaster1604

malefic1652

1604 W. Shakespeare Hamlet i. i. 106 + 11 Starres with traines of fier and dewes of blood Disasters in the sunne; and the moist starre, Vpon whose influence Neptunes Empier stands, Was sicke almost to doomesday with eclipse.

1638 F. Quarles Hieroglyphikes vii. 27 What dire disaster bred This Change? that thus she vailes her golden head?

1653 R. Mason in J. Bulwer Anthropometamorphosis (rev. ed.) Let. to Author sig. ***1 The order of the luminaries (not excepting their magnitudes) and the reason of each ones site in that order, their constellations, conjunctions, aspects, and their disasters & Eclyptick re-encounters, their respective powers, in all positions and Angles whatsoever.

1891 C. F. Johnson Eng. Words 242 Disaster is an unpropitious position of a star.

1951 Sewanee Rev. 59 10 In later times monarchs will be perplexed by such disasters of the sun [sc. eclipses], and will fear that they presage great changes.

†3. A physical ailment or disorder. Also as a mass noun. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > [noun]

soreOE

cothec1000

sicknessc1000

evilc1275

maladyc1275

grievance1377

passiona1382

infirmityc1384

mischiefa1387

affectiona1398

grievinga1398

grief1398

sicka1400

case?a1425

plaguec1425

diseasea1475

alteration1533

craze1534

uncome1538

impediment1542

affliction?1555

ailment1606

disaster1614

garget1615

morbus1630

ail1648

disaffect1683

disorder1690

illness1692

trouble1726

complaint1727

skookum1838

claim1898

itis1909

bug1918

wog1925

crud1932

bot1937

lurgy1947

Korean haemorrhagic fever1951

nadger1956

1614 T. Adams Diuells Banket 157 The euill disposition of the soule, marres the good composition of the body. There is no disaster to the members, but for disorder in the manners.

1684 F. Rogers Let. in H. Slingsby Diary (1836) 377 I am very ill of a disaster upon my stomach, y^t I cannot ride.

1717 Philos. Trans. 1714–16 (Royal Soc.) 29 485 The Cause of all this Disaster the Man assures himself was..being in his Youth a great lover of Fruit, he used greedily to devour all sorts he could come at.

1796 B. Lara Dict. Surg. sig. U1 The objection from danger of wounding the subjacent tendon or ligament, is of no weight, since..should it happen, the disaster may be easily healed.

4. In weakened sense.

a. An event or fact that has unfortunate consequences.

ΚΠ

1649 J. Taylor Wandering 6 At a stile I had a great disaster, for a shagge or splinter of the stile tooke hold of my one and onely breeches.

1753 A. Murphy Gray's Inn Jrnl. No. 53. Manifest Danger of..hurting the Pan of the Knee, or some such Disaster.

1815 W. Scott Guy Mannering I. viii. 116 The good Dominie bore all his disasters with gravity and serenity equally imperturbable.

1849 T. B. Macaulay Hist. Eng. I. 84 Faithlessness was the chief cause of his disasters, and is the chief stain on his memory.

1919 Expositor Nov. 136/1 Such planned variety of themes..will save you from the disaster of riding your hobbies to death.

1975 S. E. Finer in S. E. Finer Adversary Polit. & Electoral Reform 12 It would be no disaster to the country if the present adversary system were to dissolve into multi-partism.

2015 Times 12 June 37/1 The serene ambience of London's newest super-luxury hotel is at odds with the disasters during the fit out.

b. A highly unsuccessful or disappointing thing or person; a failure. Cf. walking disaster at walking adj. 6c.

ΚΠ

1869 Sat. Rev. 4 Sept. 316/1 He is a disaster, and at all times is associated with failure.

1910 Daily Chron. 16 Apr. 7/3 What a culinary disaster is the English plain boiled potato.

1948 N.Y. Times 19 Sept. e5/1 This meeting will be a resounding triumph or a complete disaster.

1983 W. Goldman Adventures in Screen Trade 503 Gone With the Wind could have been a disaster; during shooting, the creators of Casablanca were convinced that it was a disaster.

1996 Spy Apr. 36/2 She's got an MBA mentality but not the goods, so she's a disaster at running the business.

2008 New Yorker 4 Aug. 26/1 We tried to make the veal-stuffed duck, and it was a total disaster!

Compounds

C1. attributive in terms relating to response to or preparation for (esp. natural) disasters, as disaster management, disaster relief, etc.

ΚΠ

1867 Times 15 Mar. 6/4 (headline) Padstow Lifeboat Disaster Relief Fund.

1871 Cleveland (Ohio) Morning Daily Herald 9 Aug. 1/4 The members of the Fifth regiment..paid in $696 for relief of the family of Sergeant Elsasser, a Westfield disaster victim.

1898 Fayetteville (N. Carolina) Observer 2 Mar. 4/1 The Maine disaster situation remains the same.

1929 Amer. Jrnl. Nursing 29 721/1 The most careful consideration was given to the question of disaster preparedness.

1957 Ann. Amer. Acad. Polit. & Social Sci. 309 53 The first enactment of a general federal policy of disaster assistance was the Surplus Property Disaster Act of 1947.

1989 Atlantic Apr. 18/3 The military's most valuable function has been to clean up after typhoons and provide other forms of disaster relief.

2002 D. Goleman et al. Business: Ultimate Resource 1227/3 Disaster management includes the development of disaster recovery plans for minimising the risk of disasters.

C2.

disaster area n. (a) an area in which a disaster has occurred, esp. one which is officially designated as such and is thus eligible for government aid; (b) figurative. colloquial a thing or person that is regarded as highly chaotic or unsuccessful.

ΘΚΠ

the world > action or operation > adversity > [noun] > place or area of

wildernessa1340

black spot1832

disaster zone1906

disaster area1911

1911 Sunday Times (Sydney) 5 Nov. 22/1 Two hundred infantrymen and 100 sappers..left for the disaster area, and are now engaged in rescue work.

1952 Times 23 Apr. 5/5 The whole district has been declared a ‘disaster area’ by the Saskatchewan government.

1969 M. Drabble Waterfall 244 I was merely a disaster area, a landscape given to such upheavals.

1970 Guardian 25 Nov. 2/1 Pakistani officials..described the difficulties they had experienced in bringing aid to the disaster area.

1991 Time 17 June 48/3 Commercial real estate remains a disaster area, with largely vacant office towers.

2006 R. Chandrasekaran Imperial Life in Emerald City (2007) vi. 118 One friend said that Corliss could..be on a ‘sort of SWAT team that runs into a disaster area and helps rebuild the economy’.

disaster film n. (a) a factual film concerning a disaster (now rare); (b) a film whose plot centres on a disaster, esp. one involving many people; such films as a genre; = disaster movie n.

ΘΚΠ

society > leisure > the arts > performance arts > cinematography > a film > type of film > [noun] > other types

romantic comedy1748

epic1785

pre-release1871

foreign film1899

frivol1903

dramedy1905

film loop1906

first run1910

detective film1911

colour film1912

news film1912

topical1912

cinemicrograph1913

scenic1913

sport1913

newsreel1914

serial1914

sex comedy1915

war picture1915

telefilm1919

comic1920

true crime1923

art house1925

quickie1926

turkey1927

two-reeler1928

smellie1929

disaster film1930

musical1930

feelie1931

sticky1934

action comedy1936

quota quickie1936

re-release1936

screwball comedy1937

telemovie1937

pickup1939

video film1939

actioner1940

space opera1941

telepic1944

biopic1947

kinescope1949

TV movie1949

pièce noire1951

pièce rose1951

deepie1953

misterioso1953

film noir1956

policier1956

psychodrama1956

free film1958

prequel1958

co-production1959

glossy1960

sexploiter1960

sci-fier1961

tie-in1962

chanchada1963

romcom1963

wuxia1963

chick flick1964

showreel1964

mockumentary1965

sword-and-sandal1965

schlockbuster1966

mondo1967

peplum1968

thriller1968

whydunit1968

schlocker1969

buddy-buddy movie1972

buddy-buddy film1974

buddy film1974

science-fictioner1974

screwball1974

buddy movie1975

slasher movie1975

swashbuckler1975

filmi1976

triptych1976

autobiopic1977

Britcom1977

kidflick1977

noir1977

bodice-ripper1979

chopsocky1981

date movie1983

kaiju eiga1984

screener1986

neo-noir1987

indie1990

bromance2001

hack-and-slash2002

mumblecore2005

dark fantasy2007

hack-and-slay2007

gorefest2012

kidult-

1930 La Crosse (Wisconsin) Tribune & Leader-Press 31 Mar. 5/8 A special disaster preparedness program will be given and there is possibility that a disaster film will be shown.

1939 Moberly (Missouri) Monitor Index 12 Jan. 2/3 The Monitor-Index ballot did not include ‘In Old Chicago’. The reviewer regarded ‘The Hurricane,’ another ‘disaster film’ as superior to it.

1974 Park Forest (Illinois) South Star 24 Nov. s9/1 They found ‘Airport’ and ‘The Poseidon Adventure’ in the top five of the all-time box office money-makers. From this extensive research they anticipated a trend, and the ‘disaster film’ was born.

1980 Altoona (Pa.) Mirror 20 Sept. 3/1 The committee screened a Red Cross disaster film.

1993 W. J. Palmer Films of Eighties (1995) iv. 114 The new villain of the eighties and the focus of the new species of disaster film is the terrorist.

2004 New Yorker 24 May 35/2 If you're planning to depict an attack on New York City in a disaster film, you need to bring your A game.

disaster movie n. a film whose plot centres on a disaster, esp. one involving many people; such films as a genre.

ΚΠ

1939 Blue Island (Illinois) Sun-Standard 2 Nov. 13/4 (headline) New thrills in disaster movie.

1970 Bluefield (W. Va.) Daily Tel. 11 Oct. (Mag.) 11/3 ‘Is Paris Burning?’ was a disaster movie without a climactic disaster.

1986 Christian Sci. Monitor 15 July 30 I began to see that what appeared to be an evacuation scene from a disaster movie was actually a quite efficient operation.

2013 Guardian 19 Oct. (Guide Suppl.) 23/1 Hollywood resorted to..splicing together two genres it already knows: the contagion thriller and the disaster movie.

disaster novel n. a novel whose plot centres on a disaster.

ΚΠ

1964 Commentary Nov. 68 Quality..is achieved in two of the most complete and original disaster novels..Jorge Semprun's The Long Voyage and Piotr Rawicz's Blood from the Sky.

1987 J. J. Pierce Great Themes Sci. Fiction viii. 143 John Christopher..is a specialist in the realistic..disaster novel.

2015 Daily Oklahoman (Nexis) 10 May 9 The book is excellent..with a strong narrative that reads like a disaster novel.

disaster zone n. = disaster area n.

ΘΚΠ

the world > action or operation > adversity > [noun] > place or area of

wildernessa1340

black spot1832

disaster zone1906

disaster area1911

1906 Salt Lake Tribune 20 Apr. 3/1 (headline) Numerous citizens of state in disaster zone causes great anxiety.

1956 N.Y. Times 26 Feb. 87/2 President Eisenhower today declared..areas in the State of Washington as a major disaster zone.

2014 B. Norris Dust Bowl to WWII viii. 148 He had not always been neat and his room at home was a disaster zone.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2017; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	disaster
释义	disastern. Brit. /dᵻˈzɑːstə/, /dᵻˈzastə/, U.S. /dəˈzæstər/ Forms: 1500s disastre, 1500s–1600s desaster, 1500s–1600s dysaster, 1600s– disaster. Origin: Of multiple origins. Partly a borrowing from French. Partly a borrowing from Italian; perhaps modelled on an Occitan lexical item. Etymons: French desastre; Italian disastro. Etymology: < (i) Middle French desastre catastrophe, calamity, misfortune (1537; French désastre ), and its etymon (ii) Italian disastro (end of the 13th cent.) < dis- dis- prefix + astro star (see astro- comb. form), perhaps after Old Occitan desastre (early 13th cent.; Occitan desastre ), probably itself after Old Occitan dezastruc ill-starred (late 12th cent.). With the semantic development compare ill-starred adj.Compare Catalan desastre (14th cent.), Spanish desastre (14th cent.; probably < Catalan), Portuguese desastre (15th cent.), and also Old Occitan malastre (12th cent.), Catalan malastre (14th cent.), both in sense ‘misfortune’, Old Occitan benastre (13th cent. in an isolated attestation), Catalan bon astre (14th cent.), both in sense ‘good fortune’. Sense 2 is not paralleled in French. 1. a. An event or occurrence of a ruinous or very distressing nature; a calamity; esp. a sudden accident or natural catastrophe that causes great damage or loss of life. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > adversity > calamity or misfortune > [noun] > misfortune or ill-luck > instance of misfortune or ill-luck > dreadful or severe tragedy1509 calamity1552 disaster1567 fatality1648 stroke1686 catastrophe1748 tragic1847 big one1978 meltdown1979 1567 G. Fenton tr. M. Bandello Certaine Tragicall Disc. f. 115 So fortune displayinge the flagge of her malice, encountred hym soddainely with a desaster excedynge his exspectation. 1598 J. Florio Worlde of Wordes Disastro, disastre, mischance, ill lucke. a1616 W. Shakespeare All's Well that ends Well (1623) iii. vi. 53 It was a disaster of warre that Cæsar him selfe could not haue preuented. View more context for this quotation 1656 B. Harris tr. J. N. de Parival Hist. Iron Age i. iv. iii. 103 Fate, it seems, would needs involve them in the same disasters. 1736 Read's Weekly Jrnl. 23 Oct. We had very stormy weather..in which a melancholy Disaster befel a Vessel from Glamorganshire. 1770 O. Goldsmith Deserted Village 200 Well had the boding tremblers learn'd to trace The day's disasters in his morning's face. 1826 J. F. Cooper Last of Mohicans I. viii. 110 The whole party..was made acquainted with the nature of the disaster, that had disturbed even the practiced stoicism of their youthful Indian protector. 1872 N.Y. Times 9 Nov. 1/1 (heading) The Missouri disaster... Narratives of five survivors—a terrible story of danger and suffering. 1906 Westm. Gaz. 17 Oct. 10/1 The terrible disaster at Seaham in 1880, when the death-roll approximated to nearly 200. 1968 G. Daws Shoal of Time v. 172 The Hawaiian government declared the depredations of the Shenandoah a public disaster. 2013 Daily Tel. 31 July 15/1 The driver at the centre of last week's Spanish rail disaster was speaking on the telephone at the moment his train derailed. b. The state or condition that results from a ruinous event; the occurrence of a sudden accident or catastrophe, or a series of such events; misfortune, calamity. ΚΠ 1592 Countess of Pembroke tr. R. Garnier Antonius ii, in tr. P. de Mornay Disc. Life & Death sig. K^v That good fortune which me neuer left, Which hard disastre now hath me bereft. 1635 T. Heywood Hierarchie Blessed Angells iii. 118 Who so shall to my counsell lend an eare, Ruine or sad Disaster need not feare. 1670 W. Annand Pater Noster v. iv. 263 From the praecipice of passionate resolves, he invokes disaster. 1711 Ld. Shaftesbury Characteristicks III. Misc. iii. ii. 182 Must it not, of consequence, in the same manner imply Health or Sickliness, Prosperity or Disaster? 1796 E. Burke Thoughts Prospect Regicide Peace ii. 92 When the vicissitude of disaster took it's turn, they found common distress a treacherous bond of faith and friendship. 1807 G. Chalmers Caledonia I. iii. ii. 335 Ages of disunion and disaster. 1874 J. Morley On Compromise 22 Such a system must inevitably bring disaster. 1907 Placerville (Calif.) Mountain Democrat 1 June To have pressed the horse on might have led to disaster. 1960 A. MacLean Night without End ix. 145 I had a strange fey sense of impending disaster. 2015 Church Times 4 Sept. 22/3 Despite his obvious personal charm, he also died belaboured by financial disaster and set about with scandal. 2. Astrology. An unfavourable aspect or condition of a star or planet; an ill-omened star. Now historical and rare. ΘΚΠ the world > the universe > heavenly body > as influence on mankind > [noun] > nature of > malign > aspect or body disaster1604 malefic1652 1604 W. Shakespeare Hamlet i. i. 106 + 11 Starres with traines of fier and dewes of blood Disasters in the sunne; and the moist starre, Vpon whose influence Neptunes Empier stands, Was sicke almost to doomesday with eclipse. 1638 F. Quarles Hieroglyphikes vii. 27 What dire disaster bred This Change? that thus she vailes her golden head? 1653 R. Mason in J. Bulwer Anthropometamorphosis (rev. ed.) Let. to Author sig. **1 The order of the luminaries (not excepting their magnitudes) and the reason of each ones site in that order, their constellations, conjunctions, aspects, and their disasters & Eclyptick re-encounters, their respective powers, in all positions and Angles whatsoever. 1891 C. F. Johnson Eng. Words* 242 Disaster is an unpropitious position of a star. 1951 Sewanee Rev. 59 10 In later times monarchs will be perplexed by such disasters of the sun [sc. eclipses], and will fear that they presage great changes. †3. A physical ailment or disorder. Also as a mass noun. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > [noun] soreOE cothec1000 sicknessc1000 evilc1275 maladyc1275 grievance1377 passiona1382 infirmityc1384 mischiefa1387 affectiona1398 grievinga1398 grief1398 sicka1400 case?a1425 plaguec1425 diseasea1475 alteration1533 craze1534 uncome1538 impediment1542 affliction?1555 ailment1606 disaster1614 garget1615 morbus1630 ail1648 disaffect1683 disorder1690 illness1692 trouble1726 complaint1727 skookum1838 claim1898 itis1909 bug1918 wog1925 crud1932 bot1937 lurgy1947 Korean haemorrhagic fever1951 nadger1956 1614 T. Adams Diuells Banket 157 The euill disposition of the soule, marres the good composition of the body. There is no disaster to the members, but for disorder in the manners. 1684 F. Rogers Let. in H. Slingsby Diary (1836) 377 I am very ill of a disaster upon my stomach, y^t I cannot ride. 1717 Philos. Trans. 1714–16 (Royal Soc.) 29 485 The Cause of all this Disaster the Man assures himself was..being in his Youth a great lover of Fruit, he used greedily to devour all sorts he could come at. 1796 B. Lara Dict. Surg. sig. U1 The objection from danger of wounding the subjacent tendon or ligament, is of no weight, since..should it happen, the disaster may be easily healed. 4. In weakened sense. a. An event or fact that has unfortunate consequences. ΚΠ 1649 J. Taylor Wandering 6 At a stile I had a great disaster, for a shagge or splinter of the stile tooke hold of my one and onely breeches. 1753 A. Murphy Gray's Inn Jrnl. No. 53. Manifest Danger of..hurting the Pan of the Knee, or some such Disaster. 1815 W. Scott Guy Mannering I. viii. 116 The good Dominie bore all his disasters with gravity and serenity equally imperturbable. 1849 T. B. Macaulay Hist. Eng. I. 84 Faithlessness was the chief cause of his disasters, and is the chief stain on his memory. 1919 Expositor Nov. 136/1 Such planned variety of themes..will save you from the disaster of riding your hobbies to death. 1975 S. E. Finer in S. E. Finer Adversary Polit. & Electoral Reform 12 It would be no disaster to the country if the present adversary system were to dissolve into multi-partism. 2015 Times 12 June 37/1 The serene ambience of London's newest super-luxury hotel is at odds with the disasters during the fit out. b. A highly unsuccessful or disappointing thing or person; a failure. Cf. walking disaster at walking adj. 6c. ΚΠ 1869 Sat. Rev. 4 Sept. 316/1 He is a disaster, and at all times is associated with failure. 1910 Daily Chron. 16 Apr. 7/3 What a culinary disaster is the English plain boiled potato. 1948 N.Y. Times 19 Sept. e5/1 This meeting will be a resounding triumph or a complete disaster. 1983 W. Goldman Adventures in Screen Trade 503 Gone With the Wind could have been a disaster; during shooting, the creators of Casablanca were convinced that it was a disaster. 1996 Spy Apr. 36/2 She's got an MBA mentality but not the goods, so she's a disaster at running the business. 2008 New Yorker 4 Aug. 26/1 We tried to make the veal-stuffed duck, and it was a total disaster! Compounds C1. attributive in terms relating to response to or preparation for (esp. natural) disasters, as disaster management, disaster relief, etc. ΚΠ 1867 Times 15 Mar. 6/4 (headline) Padstow Lifeboat Disaster Relief Fund. 1871 Cleveland (Ohio) Morning Daily Herald 9 Aug. 1/4 The members of the Fifth regiment..paid in $696 for relief of the family of Sergeant Elsasser, a Westfield disaster victim. 1898 Fayetteville (N. Carolina) Observer 2 Mar. 4/1 The Maine disaster situation remains the same. 1929 Amer. Jrnl. Nursing 29 721/1 The most careful consideration was given to the question of disaster preparedness. 1957 Ann. Amer. Acad. Polit. & Social Sci. 309 53 The first enactment of a general federal policy of disaster assistance was the Surplus Property Disaster Act of 1947. 1989 Atlantic Apr. 18/3 The military's most valuable function has been to clean up after typhoons and provide other forms of disaster relief. 2002 D. Goleman et al. Business: Ultimate Resource 1227/3 Disaster management includes the development of disaster recovery plans for minimising the risk of disasters. C2. disaster area n. (a) an area in which a disaster has occurred, esp. one which is officially designated as such and is thus eligible for government aid; (b) figurative. colloquial a thing or person that is regarded as highly chaotic or unsuccessful. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > adversity > [noun] > place or area of wildernessa1340 black spot1832 disaster zone1906 disaster area1911 1911 Sunday Times (Sydney) 5 Nov. 22/1 Two hundred infantrymen and 100 sappers..left for the disaster area, and are now engaged in rescue work. 1952 Times 23 Apr. 5/5 The whole district has been declared a ‘disaster area’ by the Saskatchewan government. 1969 M. Drabble Waterfall 244 I was merely a disaster area, a landscape given to such upheavals. 1970 Guardian 25 Nov. 2/1 Pakistani officials..described the difficulties they had experienced in bringing aid to the disaster area. 1991 Time 17 June 48/3 Commercial real estate remains a disaster area, with largely vacant office towers. 2006 R. Chandrasekaran Imperial Life in Emerald City (2007) vi. 118 One friend said that Corliss could..be on a ‘sort of SWAT team that runs into a disaster area and helps rebuild the economy’. disaster film n. (a) a factual film concerning a disaster (now rare); (b) a film whose plot centres on a disaster, esp. one involving many people; such films as a genre; = disaster movie n. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > the arts > performance arts > cinematography > a film > type of film > [noun] > other types romantic comedy1748 epic1785 pre-release1871 foreign film1899 frivol1903 dramedy1905 film loop1906 first run1910 detective film1911 colour film1912 news film1912 topical1912 cinemicrograph1913 scenic1913 sport1913 newsreel1914 serial1914 sex comedy1915 war picture1915 telefilm1919 comic1920 true crime1923 art house1925 quickie1926 turkey1927 two-reeler1928 smellie1929 disaster film1930 musical1930 feelie1931 sticky1934 action comedy1936 quota quickie1936 re-release1936 screwball comedy1937 telemovie1937 pickup1939 video film1939 actioner1940 space opera1941 telepic1944 biopic1947 kinescope1949 TV movie1949 pièce noire1951 pièce rose1951 deepie1953 misterioso1953 film noir1956 policier1956 psychodrama1956 free film1958 prequel1958 co-production1959 glossy1960 sexploiter1960 sci-fier1961 tie-in1962 chanchada1963 romcom1963 wuxia1963 chick flick1964 showreel1964 mockumentary1965 sword-and-sandal1965 schlockbuster1966 mondo1967 peplum1968 thriller1968 whydunit1968 schlocker1969 buddy-buddy movie1972 buddy-buddy film1974 buddy film1974 science-fictioner1974 screwball1974 buddy movie1975 slasher movie1975 swashbuckler1975 filmi1976 triptych1976 autobiopic1977 Britcom1977 kidflick1977 noir1977 bodice-ripper1979 chopsocky1981 date movie1983 kaiju eiga1984 screener1986 neo-noir1987 indie1990 bromance2001 hack-and-slash2002 mumblecore2005 dark fantasy2007 hack-and-slay2007 gorefest2012 kidult- 1930 La Crosse (Wisconsin) Tribune & Leader-Press 31 Mar. 5/8 A special disaster preparedness program will be given and there is possibility that a disaster film will be shown. 1939 Moberly (Missouri) Monitor Index 12 Jan. 2/3 The Monitor-Index ballot did not include ‘In Old Chicago’. The reviewer regarded ‘The Hurricane,’ another ‘disaster film’ as superior to it. 1974 Park Forest (Illinois) South Star 24 Nov. s9/1 They found ‘Airport’ and ‘The Poseidon Adventure’ in the top five of the all-time box office money-makers. From this extensive research they anticipated a trend, and the ‘disaster film’ was born. 1980 Altoona (Pa.) Mirror 20 Sept. 3/1 The committee screened a Red Cross disaster film. 1993 W. J. Palmer Films of Eighties (1995) iv. 114 The new villain of the eighties and the focus of the new species of disaster film is the terrorist. 2004 New Yorker 24 May 35/2 If you're planning to depict an attack on New York City in a disaster film, you need to bring your A game. disaster movie n. a film whose plot centres on a disaster, esp. one involving many people; such films as a genre. ΚΠ 1939 Blue Island (Illinois) Sun-Standard 2 Nov. 13/4 (headline) New thrills in disaster movie. 1970 Bluefield (W. Va.) Daily Tel. 11 Oct. (Mag.) 11/3 ‘Is Paris Burning?’ was a disaster movie without a climactic disaster. 1986 Christian Sci. Monitor 15 July 30 I began to see that what appeared to be an evacuation scene from a disaster movie was actually a quite efficient operation. 2013 Guardian 19 Oct. (Guide Suppl.) 23/1 Hollywood resorted to..splicing together two genres it already knows: the contagion thriller and the disaster movie. disaster novel n. a novel whose plot centres on a disaster. ΚΠ 1964 Commentary Nov. 68 Quality..is achieved in two of the most complete and original disaster novels..Jorge Semprun's The Long Voyage and Piotr Rawicz's Blood from the Sky. 1987 J. J. Pierce Great Themes Sci. Fiction viii. 143 John Christopher..is a specialist in the realistic..disaster novel. 2015 Daily Oklahoman (Nexis) 10 May 9 The book is excellent..with a strong narrative that reads like a disaster novel. disaster zone n. = disaster area n. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > adversity > [noun] > place or area of wildernessa1340 black spot1832 disaster zone1906 disaster area1911 1906 Salt Lake Tribune 20 Apr. 3/1 (headline) Numerous citizens of state in disaster zone causes great anxiety. 1956 N.Y. Times 26 Feb. 87/2 President Eisenhower today declared..areas in the State of Washington as a major disaster zone. 2014 B. Norris Dust Bowl to WWII viii. 148 He had not always been neat and his room at home was a disaster zone. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2017; most recently modified version published online March 2022). † disasteradj. Forms: 1500s–1600s disaster, 1600s desaster. Origin: Apparently formed within English, by conversion. Etymon: disaster n. Etymology: Apparently < disaster n. Obsolete. That brings bad luck; ill-fated, ill-starred. Cf. disastrous adj. 1a, 2. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > adversity > calamity or misfortune > [adjective] unseelyOE ungraciousa1387 infortunatec1390 unhappy1390 haplessa1400 mischancefula1400 unfortunedc1403 infortuneda1413 maleurousa1460 infortunable?a1475 mal-infortunedc1475 unselc1480 mischanced1488 misadventurousa1500 unhap1509 misfortunate1510 mischancya1522 unuredc1525 maleureda1529 unlucky1530 unfortunate1548 luckless1563 unluckly1564 unfortunable1567 untoward1570 unable?1572 sinister1576 unsonsy1578 disaster1584 disastereda1586 disastrous1586 unweirdedc1590 wanhappy?1590 misbefallen1591 fortuneless1596 infelicious1598 misadventured1599 improsperous1602 untoward1632 unhandsome1640 ill-fated1715 donsie?1719 swarthy1756 infelicitous1835 bad luck1872 stiff1919 spooked1937 jinxed1972 1584 R. Greene Gwydonius f. 65 Disaster fates haue driuen me downe to miserie. 1590 R. Greene Neuer too Late i. 33 Saturne conspiring with all his balefull signes, calculated the hower of thy birth full of disaster accidents. 1600 Looke about You sig. I3 Let this be to me a disaster day. 1603 R. Knolles Gen. Hist. Turkes 167 Whom disaster fortune..hath enforced to wander here and there. 1631 T. Heywood Fair Maid of West: 1st Pt. iv. 45 T will be ominous, and bode disaster fortune. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2017; most recently modified version published online December 2020). disasterv. Brit. /dᵻˈzɑːstə/, /dᵻˈzastə/, U.S. /dəˈzæstər/ Forms: see disaster n. Origin: Formed within English, by conversion. Etymon: disaster n. Etymology: < disaster n. Compare earlier disastered adj. Now rare. transitive. To bring disaster or misfortune on; to ruin, damage, seriously injure.Todd’s edition of Johnson’s Dictionary (1818) has a sense ‘to blast by the stroke of an unfavourable star’, which is repeated in later dictionaries and which Todd illustrates with quot. a1586 at disastered adj. This evidence is therefore adjectival, not verbal, and Todd's sense seems to be unsupported, although it is possible to interpret ‘disasterd for vertue’ in quot. 1596 as ‘destined for virtue by the stars’ (as opposed to ‘affected by disaster on account of virtue’). ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > adversity > calamity or misfortune > have befallen as a misfortune to [verb (transitive)] > bring disaster upon doa1375 pluckc1475 ruin1558 tragedize1593 disaster1596 planet-strike1600 to bring to grief1850 to do in1905 to wreak havoc1926 1596 A. Copley Fig for Fortune Ded. sig. A3 The spirit of a man Disastred for vertue; if at least it be Disaster to be winnowed out Fortunes Fan Into the Fan of Grace and Sionrie. 1607 E. Topsell Hist. Foure-footed Beastes 201 Neither was there euer any more easie way to disaster these monster-seeming-Soldiers [sc. elephants in battle], then by casting of stones. a1616 W. Shakespeare Antony & Cleopatra (1623) ii. vii. 16 The holes where eyes should bee, which pittifully disaster the cheekes. View more context for this quotation 1689 J. Moyle Abstr. Sea Chyrurg. ii. xiii. 61 The Cable running out, a Kink therein happened to disaster a Man's Leg. 1778 M. Cutler Jrnl. 23 Aug. in W. P. Cutler & J. P. Cutler Life, Jrnls. & Corr. M. Cutler (1888) I. 70 The French fleet was so disastered they could by no means afford us any assistance. 1784 M. Cutler Jrnl. 24 July in W. P. Cutler & J. P. Cutler Life, Jrnls. & Corr. M. Cutler (1888) I. 107 This occasioned the thermometer's being more slightly secured..and..it was so disastered as to lose almost all the mercury. 1812 W. Tennant Anster Fair iii. lvi. 71 They sought their hats that had so flown away, And some were, cuff'd and much disaster'd, found. 1881 Friendship Chron. 17 Aug. It is the trio marching down the ages with the flag. Let us pray it may never be disastered. 1912 Martinsville (Indiana) Democrat 3 May 1/6 After reading about the sea disaster Deacon Larkin was reminded of the time he was disastered in a like way. 1986 New Lit. Hist. 17 524 The mostly nonprofessional but exuberant cast..breathed real creative life out of Shakespeare's Tempest without pitifully disastering the script. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2017; most recently modified version published online June 2022). < n.1567adj.1584v.1596
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disastern.

Compounds

† disasteradj.

disasterv.