† disparagen.

Forms: Also Middle English desperage, disperage.

Etymology: Middle English despaˈrage , dispeˈrage , < Old French desparage unworthy marriage (Godefroy), formed as disparage v.

Obsolete.

1. Inequality of rank in marriage; an unequal match; disgrace resulting from marriage with one of inferior rank.

ΘΚΠ

society > society and the community > kinship or relationship > marriage or wedlock > a marriage > [noun] > of persons of unequal rank

disparagec1315

disparagement1523

disparaging1528

c1315 Shoreham 54 Ne may hem falle after thys lyf Non on-worth desperage.

c1386 G. Chaucer Clerk's Tale 852 Hym wolde thynke it were a disparage To his estaat so lowe for talighte.

1528–30 tr. T. Littleton Tenures (new ed.) f. ix^v No disperage shalbe, but where he y^t hathe the warde maryeth hym within the age of .xiiii. yere.

1596 E. Spenser Second Pt. Faerie Queene iv. viii. sig. A5^v Her friends..Dissuaded her from such a disparage .

2. Ill-matchedness; incongruity.

ΘΚΠ

the world > relative properties > relationship > equality or equivalence > inequality > [noun]

unevenness1398

disparagec1430

inequality1531

unequality?1541

odds1542

unequalness?1548

unegalness1561

imparity1563

disparity1597

disequality1602

disparison1609

inadequation1631

inequivalence1879

c1430 Hymns Virg. (1867) 74 Pride in age Doiþ disperage.

3. Disparagement, dishonour.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > attention and judgement > contempt > disrepute > damage to reputation > degrading or debasement > [noun]

debatec1460

disparagement1486

embasement1575

digraduation1577

lessening1579

degraduation1581

disparagea1592

bastardizing1598

debasement1602

deplumation1611

depression1628

vilificationa1631

degradement1641

degrading1646

prostration1647

deprisure1648

embasure1656

embasing1659

debasure1683

degradationc1752

derogation1785

demotion1872

objectification1973

a1592 H. Smith Wks. (1867) II. 481 If I forbear..I blush, I fear His despite and my disparage.

1615 T. Heywood Foure Prentises i, in Wks. (1874) II. 169 I hold it no disparage to my birth, Though I be borne an Earle, to haue the skill And the full knowledge of the Mercers Trade.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1896; most recently modified version published online March 2021).

disparagev.

/dɪˈsparɪdʒ/

Forms: Also Middle English des-, Middle English dys-; Middle English dysparych, 1600s disparadge, disparrage, disparge.

Etymology: < Old French desparagier, desperager to match or cause to marry unequally; later ‘to offer vnto, or impose on a man vnfit, or vnworthie conditions’ (Cotgrave), < des- , dis- prefix 1d + parage equality of rank.

†1. transitive. To match unequally; to degrade or dishonour by marrying to one of inferior rank. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

society > society and the community > kinship or relationship > marriage or wedlock > a marriage > [verb (transitive)] > marry to social inferior

disparagea1375

undermatch1639

1292 Britton iii. iii. §4 Et si acune de juvene age soit marié a tiel ou ele est desparagé. transl. If any female heir of tender years be married where she is disparaged.]

a1375 (c1350) William of Palerne (1867) l. 485 I nel leie mi loue so low..desparaged were i disgisili ȝif i dede in þis wise.

1480 W. Caxton Chron. Eng. ccxvii. 204 Moch was this fayr damysel dysparaged sith that she was maryed ayenst al the comune assent of England.

1611 R. Cotgrave Dict. French & Eng. Tongues Apparagé, a maid thats maried vnto her equall, or, thats not disparaged.

1781 S. Johnson Pope in Pref. Wks. Eng. Poets VII. 279 History relates that she was about to disparage herself by a marriage with an inferior.

2. To bring discredit or reproach upon; to dishonour, discredit; to lower in credit or esteem.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > attention and judgement > contempt > disrepute > damage to reputation > detract from [verb (transitive)] > bring discredit on or bring into disrepute

unworthyc1230

alosea1325

low1340

ensclaundre1389

foulc1390

disparagea1400

deface1529

depress1550

discredit?1550

ignoblec1590

redound1591

reproach1593

blame1596

nullify1603

scandal1606

sinka1616

even1625

explode1629

disrepute1649

disrepute1651

lese1678

rogue1678

reflect1769

disconsider1849

dispraise1879

a1400 Pistill of Susan 253 Heo keuered vp on hir kneos, and cussed his hand: For I am dampned, I ne dar disparage þi mouþ.

c1405 (c1390) G. Chaucer Reeve's Tale (Hengwrt) (2003) l. 351 Who dorste be so bold to disparage My doghter that is come of swich lynage.

1486 Bk. St. Albans B ij b Then is the hawke disparagid for all that yere.

1615 Bp. J. Hall Imprese of God i, in Recoll. Treat. 657 The place oft-times disparages; As, to put the Arke of God into a Cart, or to set it by Dagon.

1691 J. Hartcliffe Treat. Virtues 406 Men disparage Religion who profess it, and do not guide their Actions according to its Doctrines.

1754 S. Foote Knights i. 14 If you tell Father, he'll knock my Brains out; for he says I'll disparage the Family.

1854 D. Brewster More Worlds Pref. 6 A view..calculated to disparage the science of astronomy.

†3.

a. To lower in position or dignity; to degrade. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > attention and judgement > contempt > disrepute > damage to reputation > degrading or debasement > degrade [verb (transitive)]

vile1297

supplanta1382

to bring lowa1387

revilea1393

gradea1400

villain1412

abject?a1439

to-gradea1440

vilifyc1450

villainy1483

disparage1496

degradea1500

deject?1521

disgraduate1528

disgress1528

regrade1534

base1538

diminute1575

lessen1579

to turn down1581

to pitch (a person) over the bar?1593

disesteem1594

degender1596

unnoble1598

disrank1599

reduce1599

couch1602

disthrone1603

displume1606

unplume1621

disnoble1622

disworth?1623

villainize1623

unglory1626

ungraduate1633

disennoble1645

vilicate1646

degraduate1649

bemean1651

deplume1651

lower1653

cheapen1654

dethrone1659

diminish1667

scoundrel1701

sink1706

demean1715

abjectate1731

unglorifya1740

unmagnify1747

undignify1768

to take the shine out of (less frequently from, U.S. off)1819

dishero1838

misdemean1843

downgrade1892

demote1919

objectify1973

1496 (c1410) Dives & Pauper (de Worde) vi. xv. 258/1 Cryste..anentysshed hymself and dysparyched hymselfe in to the lykenesse of a seruaunt.

1548 Hall's Vnion: Henry VI f. clx Lest they shoulde..declare his base byrthe, and lowsy lynage, desparagyng him from his vsurped surname of Mortymer.

1716 J. Addison Drummer i. 1 I'll not disparage my self to be a Servant in a House that is haunted.

b. To lower in one's own estimation; to cast down. Obsolete.

ΚΠ

1590 E. Spenser Faerie Queene ii. x. sig. X4 How shall fraile pen, with feare disparaged, Conceiue such soueraine glory, and great bountyhed?

1620 H. Greenwood Jaylers Jayl-deliv. 8 They that are troubled and amazed at their sinnes, let them not be disparaged.

1705 A. Pope Corr. 25 Jan. (1956) I. 3 I am disparag'd and dishearten'd by your commendations.

4. To speak of or treat slightingly; to treat as something lower than it is; to undervalue; to vilify.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > attention and judgement > judgement or decision > misjudgement > misjudge [verb (transitive)] > underestimate or undervalue

to make much (also little, nothing, too much, etc.) of (or on)c1395

disprize1480

misprize1483

to make light of1526

extenuate1529

to make the worst ofc1530

seclude?1531

to take (also wrest) to the worst1531

deprisec1550

disparagea1556

undermatch1571

embase1577

underbid1593

underprize1600

underpoise1602

undervalue1611

minorize1615

underspeak1635

underthink1646

underrate1650

minify1676

under-measure1682

underpraise1698

sneeze1806

understate1824

disappreciate1828

under-estimatea1850

minimize1866

to play down1869

worsen1885

to sell short1936

downplay1948

underplay1949

lowball1979

minimalize1979

the mind > attention and judgement > contempt > disrepute > damage to reputation > disparagement or depreciation > disparage or depreciate [verb (transitive)]

littleeOE

low1340

dispraisec1386

minish1402

deroge1427

detractc1449

descryc1450

detrayc1475

dismerit1484

decline1509

vilipend1509

disprize?1518

disable1528

derogatea1530

elevate1541

disparagea1556

detrect1563

debase1565

demerit1576

vilify1586

disgrace1589

detracta1592

besparage1592

enervate1593

obtrect1595

extenuate1601

disvalue1605

disparagon1610

undervalue1611

avile1615

debaucha1616

to cry down1616

debate1622

decry1641

atomize1645

underrate1646

naucify1653

dedignify1654

stuprate1655

de-ample1657

dismagn1657

slur1660

voguec1661

depreciate1666

to run down1671

baffle1674

lacken1674

sneer1706

diminish1712

substract1728

down1780

belittle1789

carbonify1792

to speak scorn of1861

to give one a back-cap1903

minoritize1947

mauvais langue1952

rubbish1953

down-talk1959

marginalize1970

marginate1970

trash1975

neg1987

a1556 T. Cranmer Let. 3 May in G. Burnet Hist. Reformation I. iii. 200 They should not esteem any part of your Graces Honour to be touched thereby, but her Honour only to be clearly disparaged.

1600 W. Shakespeare Much Ado about Nothing iii. ii. 118 I will disparage her no farther, till you are my witnesses.

a1656 Bp. J. Hall Shaking of Olive-tree (1660) ii. 161 One dares question, yea disparage the sacred Scriptures of God.

1661 E. Hickeringill Jamaica 20 The Composition of..Chocoletta is now so vulgar, that I will not disparage my Reader by doubting his acquaintance in so known a Recipe.

a1715 Bp. G. Burnet Hist. Own Time (1724) I. 434 Took it ill of me, that I should disparage the King's evidence.

1839 H. Hallam Introd. Lit. Europe IV. vi. 462 It is a very narrow criticism..which disparages Racine out of idolatry of Shakspeare.

1859 J. S. Mill On Liberty ii. 81 It is the fashion of the present time to disparage negative logic.

Derivatives

diˈsparaged adj.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > attention and judgement > contempt > disrepute > damage to reputation > disparagement or depreciation > [adjective] > disparaged

disparaged1611

undervalued1629

decried1655

cried-down1669

minoritized1945

marginalized1961

the mind > attention and judgement > contempt > condition of being held in contempt > [adjective]

despect1447

contemned1552

unesteemeda1557

mongrela1594

cheap1597

disdained1598

scorned1598

despised1599

dog cheap1606

dishonourable1611

disprizeda1616

jadeda1616

disesteemed1618

misprized1702

disparaged1802

unappreciated1828

vilipended1836

flouted1859

mal vu1904

1611 R. Cotgrave Dict. French & Eng. Tongues Desparagé, disparaged.

1802 T. Beddoes Hygëia II. v. 22 Would not the disparaged milk afford wholesome aliment?

1885 W. E. Gladstone Speech in Comm. 23 Feb. A disparaged Government and a doubtful House of Commons.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1896; most recently modified version published online December 2021).

单词	disparage
释义	† disparagen. Forms: Also Middle English desperage, disperage. Etymology: Middle English despaˈrage , dispeˈrage , < Old French desparage unworthy marriage (Godefroy), formed as disparage v. Obsolete. 1. Inequality of rank in marriage; an unequal match; disgrace resulting from marriage with one of inferior rank. ΘΚΠ society > society and the community > kinship or relationship > marriage or wedlock > a marriage > [noun] > of persons of unequal rank disparagec1315 disparagement1523 disparaging1528 c1315 Shoreham 54 Ne may hem falle after thys lyf Non on-worth desperage. c1386 G. Chaucer Clerk's Tale 852 Hym wolde thynke it were a disparage To his estaat so lowe for talighte. 1528–30 tr. T. Littleton Tenures (new ed.) f. ix^v No disperage shalbe, but where he y^t hathe the warde maryeth hym within the age of .xiiii. yere. 1596 E. Spenser Second Pt. Faerie Queene iv. viii. sig. A5^v Her friends..Dissuaded her from such a disparage . View more context for this quotation 2. Ill-matchedness; incongruity. ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > relationship > equality or equivalence > inequality > [noun] unevenness1398 disparagec1430 inequality1531 unequality?1541 odds1542 unequalness?1548 unegalness1561 imparity1563 disparity1597 disequality1602 disparison1609 inadequation1631 inequivalence1879 c1430 Hymns Virg. (1867) 74 Pride in age Doiþ disperage. 3. Disparagement, dishonour. ΘΚΠ the mind > attention and judgement > contempt > disrepute > damage to reputation > degrading or debasement > [noun] debatec1460 disparagement1486 embasement1575 digraduation1577 lessening1579 degraduation1581 disparagea1592 bastardizing1598 debasement1602 deplumation1611 depression1628 vilificationa1631 degradement1641 degrading1646 prostration1647 deprisure1648 embasure1656 embasing1659 debasure1683 degradationc1752 derogation1785 demotion1872 objectification1973 a1592 H. Smith Wks. (1867) II. 481 If I forbear..I blush, I fear His despite and my disparage. 1615 T. Heywood Foure Prentises i, in Wks. (1874) II. 169 I hold it no disparage to my birth, Though I be borne an Earle, to haue the skill And the full knowledge of the Mercers Trade. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1896; most recently modified version published online March 2021). disparagev. /dɪˈsparɪdʒ/ Forms: Also Middle English des-, Middle English dys-; Middle English dysparych, 1600s disparadge, disparrage, disparge. Etymology: < Old French desparagier, desperager to match or cause to marry unequally; later ‘to offer vnto, or impose on a man vnfit, or vnworthie conditions’ (Cotgrave), < des- , dis- prefix 1d + parage equality of rank. †1. transitive. To match unequally; to degrade or dishonour by marrying to one of inferior rank. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ society > society and the community > kinship or relationship > marriage or wedlock > a marriage > [verb (transitive)] > marry to social inferior disparagea1375 undermatch1639 1292 Britton iii. iii. §4 Et si acune de juvene age soit marié a tiel ou ele est desparagé. transl. If any female heir of tender years be married where she is disparaged.] a1375 (c1350) William of Palerne (1867) l. 485 I nel leie mi loue so low..desparaged were i disgisili ȝif i dede in þis wise. 1480 W. Caxton Chron. Eng. ccxvii. 204 Moch was this fayr damysel dysparaged sith that she was maryed ayenst al the comune assent of England. 1611 R. Cotgrave Dict. French & Eng. Tongues Apparagé, a maid thats maried vnto her equall, or, thats not disparaged. 1781 S. Johnson Pope in Pref. Wks. Eng. Poets VII. 279 History relates that she was about to disparage herself by a marriage with an inferior. 2. To bring discredit or reproach upon; to dishonour, discredit; to lower in credit or esteem. ΘΚΠ the mind > attention and judgement > contempt > disrepute > damage to reputation > detract from [verb (transitive)] > bring discredit on or bring into disrepute unworthyc1230 alosea1325 low1340 ensclaundre1389 foulc1390 disparagea1400 deface1529 depress1550 discredit?1550 ignoblec1590 redound1591 reproach1593 blame1596 nullify1603 scandal1606 sinka1616 even1625 explode1629 disrepute1649 disrepute1651 lese1678 rogue1678 reflect1769 disconsider1849 dispraise1879 a1400 Pistill of Susan 253 Heo keuered vp on hir kneos, and cussed his hand: For I am dampned, I ne dar disparage þi mouþ. c1405 (c1390) G. Chaucer Reeve's Tale (Hengwrt) (2003) l. 351 Who dorste be so bold to disparage My doghter that is come of swich lynage. 1486 Bk. St. Albans B ij b Then is the hawke disparagid for all that yere. 1615 Bp. J. Hall Imprese of God i, in Recoll. Treat. 657 The place oft-times disparages; As, to put the Arke of God into a Cart, or to set it by Dagon. 1691 J. Hartcliffe Treat. Virtues 406 Men disparage Religion who profess it, and do not guide their Actions according to its Doctrines. 1754 S. Foote Knights i. 14 If you tell Father, he'll knock my Brains out; for he says I'll disparage the Family. 1854 D. Brewster More Worlds Pref. 6 A view..calculated to disparage the science of astronomy. †3. a. To lower in position or dignity; to degrade. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the mind > attention and judgement > contempt > disrepute > damage to reputation > degrading or debasement > degrade [verb (transitive)] vile1297 supplanta1382 to bring lowa1387 revilea1393 gradea1400 villain1412 abject?a1439 to-gradea1440 vilifyc1450 villainy1483 disparage1496 degradea1500 deject?1521 disgraduate1528 disgress1528 regrade1534 base1538 diminute1575 lessen1579 to turn down1581 to pitch (a person) over the bar?1593 disesteem1594 degender1596 unnoble1598 disrank1599 reduce1599 couch1602 disthrone1603 displume1606 unplume1621 disnoble1622 disworth?1623 villainize1623 unglory1626 ungraduate1633 disennoble1645 vilicate1646 degraduate1649 bemean1651 deplume1651 lower1653 cheapen1654 dethrone1659 diminish1667 scoundrel1701 sink1706 demean1715 abjectate1731 unglorifya1740 unmagnify1747 undignify1768 to take the shine out of (less frequently from, U.S. off)1819 dishero1838 misdemean1843 downgrade1892 demote1919 objectify1973 1496 (c1410) Dives & Pauper (de Worde) vi. xv. 258/1 Cryste..anentysshed hymself and dysparyched hymselfe in to the lykenesse of a seruaunt. 1548 Hall's Vnion: Henry VI f. clx Lest they shoulde..declare his base byrthe, and lowsy lynage, desparagyng him from his vsurped surname of Mortymer. 1716 J. Addison Drummer i. 1 I'll not disparage my self to be a Servant in a House that is haunted. b. To lower in one's own estimation; to cast down. Obsolete. ΚΠ 1590 E. Spenser Faerie Queene ii. x. sig. X4 How shall fraile pen, with feare disparaged, Conceiue such soueraine glory, and great bountyhed? 1620 H. Greenwood Jaylers Jayl-deliv. 8 They that are troubled and amazed at their sinnes, let them not be disparaged. 1705 A. Pope Corr. 25 Jan. (1956) I. 3 I am disparag'd and dishearten'd by your commendations. 4. To speak of or treat slightingly; to treat as something lower than it is; to undervalue; to vilify. ΘΚΠ the mind > attention and judgement > judgement or decision > misjudgement > misjudge [verb (transitive)] > underestimate or undervalue to make much (also little, nothing, too much, etc.) of (or on)c1395 disprize1480 misprize1483 to make light of1526 extenuate1529 to make the worst ofc1530 seclude?1531 to take (also wrest) to the worst1531 deprisec1550 disparagea1556 undermatch1571 embase1577 underbid1593 underprize1600 underpoise1602 undervalue1611 minorize1615 underspeak1635 underthink1646 underrate1650 minify1676 under-measure1682 underpraise1698 sneeze1806 understate1824 disappreciate1828 under-estimatea1850 minimize1866 to play down1869 worsen1885 to sell short1936 downplay1948 underplay1949 lowball1979 minimalize1979 the mind > attention and judgement > contempt > disrepute > damage to reputation > disparagement or depreciation > disparage or depreciate [verb (transitive)] littleeOE low1340 dispraisec1386 minish1402 deroge1427 detractc1449 descryc1450 detrayc1475 dismerit1484 decline1509 vilipend1509 disprize?1518 disable1528 derogatea1530 elevate1541 disparagea1556 detrect1563 debase1565 demerit1576 vilify1586 disgrace1589 detracta1592 besparage1592 enervate1593 obtrect1595 extenuate1601 disvalue1605 disparagon1610 undervalue1611 avile1615 debaucha1616 to cry down1616 debate1622 decry1641 atomize1645 underrate1646 naucify1653 dedignify1654 stuprate1655 de-ample1657 dismagn1657 slur1660 voguec1661 depreciate1666 to run down1671 baffle1674 lacken1674 sneer1706 diminish1712 substract1728 down1780 belittle1789 carbonify1792 to speak scorn of1861 to give one a back-cap1903 minoritize1947 mauvais langue1952 rubbish1953 down-talk1959 marginalize1970 marginate1970 trash1975 neg1987 a1556 T. Cranmer Let. 3 May in G. Burnet Hist. Reformation I. iii. 200 They should not esteem any part of your Graces Honour to be touched thereby, but her Honour only to be clearly disparaged. 1600 W. Shakespeare Much Ado about Nothing iii. ii. 118 I will disparage her no farther, till you are my witnesses. View more context for this quotation a1656 Bp. J. Hall Shaking of Olive-tree (1660) ii. 161 One dares question, yea disparage the sacred Scriptures of God. 1661 E. Hickeringill Jamaica 20 The Composition of..Chocoletta is now so vulgar, that I will not disparage my Reader by doubting his acquaintance in so known a Recipe. a1715 Bp. G. Burnet Hist. Own Time (1724) I. 434 Took it ill of me, that I should disparage the King's evidence. 1839 H. Hallam Introd. Lit. Europe IV. vi. 462 It is a very narrow criticism..which disparages Racine out of idolatry of Shakspeare. 1859 J. S. Mill On Liberty ii. 81 It is the fashion of the present time to disparage negative logic. Derivatives diˈsparaged adj. ΘΚΠ the mind > attention and judgement > contempt > disrepute > damage to reputation > disparagement or depreciation > [adjective] > disparaged disparaged1611 undervalued1629 decried1655 cried-down1669 minoritized1945 marginalized1961 the mind > attention and judgement > contempt > condition of being held in contempt > [adjective] despect1447 contemned1552 unesteemeda1557 mongrela1594 cheap1597 disdained1598 scorned1598 despised1599 dog cheap1606 dishonourable1611 disprizeda1616 jadeda1616 disesteemed1618 misprized1702 disparaged1802 unappreciated1828 vilipended1836 flouted1859 mal vu1904 1611 R. Cotgrave Dict. French & Eng. Tongues Desparagé, disparaged. 1802 T. Beddoes Hygëia II. v. 22 Would not the disparaged milk afford wholesome aliment? 1885 W. E. Gladstone Speech in Comm. 23 Feb. A disparaged Government and a doubtful House of Commons. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1896; most recently modified version published online December 2021). < n.c1315v.a1375
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