amiln.

Brit.

/ˈɑːmɪl/, U.S.

/ˈɑmɪl/

Forms: 1700s–1800s aumil, 1800s– amil.

Origin: Of multiple origins. Partly a borrowing from Urdu. Partly a borrowing from Persian. Etymons: Urdu ʿāmīl; Persian ʿāmīl.

Etymology: < Urdu ʿāmīl and its etymon Persian ʿāmīl agent, government agent, (specifically) collector of revenues < Arabic ʿamīl business representative, agent, person who performs an office < Arabic ʿamila to act, to perform an office, to work. Compare slightly earlier amildar n. N.E.D. (1885) enters this under aumil and gives the pronunciation as (ǭ·mil /ˈɔːmɪl/, ā·mil /ˈɑːmɪl/).

Now historical.

In South Asia: a (usually local or indigenous) representative or agent, esp. a collector of revenue. Cf. amildar n.

ΘΚΠ

society > trade and finance > fees and taxes > impost, due, or tax > tax > tax collection > [noun] > tax-collector

catchpoleOE

publicanc1175

tallagerc1400

leviera1513

vectigal1535

renter?1536

task-gatherer1552

exactor1570

uptaker1576

exacter1596

mise-gatherer1597

taxer1603

tax-taker1610

raiser1611

summonitor1617

summonisterc1625

riding officer1675

zamindar1683

tax-gatherer1693

desai1698

amildar1761

amil1763

collector1772

tax-master1796

tehsildar1799

taxman1803

tax-receiver1830

tax-collector1833

the taxes1874

revenuer1877

revenue1880

levyist1923

T-man1938

1763 in Copy of Advocate, Attorney & Solicitor Generals Rep. (1767) 40 I shall strictly enjoin all my Fouzdars and Aumils on all Accounts, to afford Assistance..to such of the Gomastahs of the Company as attend to the lawful Trade of their Factories.

1764 tr. Another Let. from Proprietor of India-stock 10 By what you write of other articles of business besides the customs, I understand, that..you have appointed me Aumil.

1809 Asiatic Ann. Reg. 1806: Misc. Tracts 22/2 The Amil of Lanje, to whose jurisdiction Khairagergh appertains.

1898 Daily News 15 Aug. 6/2 They kept the amils (native revenue officials) at bay.

1921 Times Lit. Suppl. 10 Feb. 84/4 The amil was exacting..66 per cent. more than the authorized revenue.

1962 Jrnl. Amer. Oriental Soc. 82 314/2 Mansa Ram displaced his employer the āmil and became, in turn, an āmil.

2004 M.-A. Falzon Cosmopolitan Connections ii. 33 Amils, particularly those in senior positions, wielded a measure of prestige and considerable political clout.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2021; most recently modified version published online December 2021).

单词	amil
释义	amiln. Brit. /ˈɑːmɪl/, U.S. /ˈɑmɪl/ Forms: 1700s–1800s aumil, 1800s– amil. Origin: Of multiple origins. Partly a borrowing from Urdu. Partly a borrowing from Persian. Etymons: Urdu ʿāmīl; Persian ʿāmīl. Etymology: < Urdu ʿāmīl and its etymon Persian ʿāmīl agent, government agent, (specifically) collector of revenues < Arabic ʿamīl business representative, agent, person who performs an office < Arabic ʿamila to act, to perform an office, to work. Compare slightly earlier amildar n. N.E.D. (1885) enters this under aumil and gives the pronunciation as (ǭ·mil /ˈɔːmɪl/, ā·mil /ˈɑːmɪl/). Now historical. In South Asia: a (usually local or indigenous) representative or agent, esp. a collector of revenue. Cf. amildar n. ΘΚΠ society > trade and finance > fees and taxes > impost, due, or tax > tax > tax collection > [noun] > tax-collector catchpoleOE publicanc1175 tallagerc1400 leviera1513 vectigal1535 renter?1536 task-gatherer1552 exactor1570 uptaker1576 exacter1596 mise-gatherer1597 taxer1603 tax-taker1610 raiser1611 summonitor1617 summonisterc1625 riding officer1675 zamindar1683 tax-gatherer1693 desai1698 amildar1761 amil1763 collector1772 tax-master1796 tehsildar1799 taxman1803 tax-receiver1830 tax-collector1833 the taxes1874 revenuer1877 revenue1880 levyist1923 T-man1938 1763 in Copy of Advocate, Attorney & Solicitor Generals Rep. (1767) 40 I shall strictly enjoin all my Fouzdars and Aumils on all Accounts, to afford Assistance..to such of the Gomastahs of the Company as attend to the lawful Trade of their Factories. 1764 tr. Another Let. from Proprietor of India-stock 10 By what you write of other articles of business besides the customs, I understand, that..you have appointed me Aumil. 1809 Asiatic Ann. Reg. 1806: Misc. Tracts 22/2 The Amil of Lanje, to whose jurisdiction Khairagergh appertains. 1898 Daily News 15 Aug. 6/2 They kept the amils (native revenue officials) at bay. 1921 Times Lit. Suppl. 10 Feb. 84/4 The amil was exacting..66 per cent. more than the authorized revenue. 1962 Jrnl. Amer. Oriental Soc. 82 314/2 Mansa Ram displaced his employer the āmil and became, in turn, an āmil. 2004 M.-A. Falzon Cosmopolitan Connections ii. 33 Amils, particularly those in senior positions, wielded a measure of prestige and considerable political clout. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2021; most recently modified version published online December 2021). < n.1763
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