depravev.

/dɪˈpreɪv/

Etymology: < Latin dēprāvāre to distort, pervert, corrupt ( < de- prefix 1c + prāvus crooked, wrong, perverse: perhaps immediately < French dépraver (14th cent. in Hatzfeld & Darmesteter). Sense 4 was perhaps the earliest in English: compare also the derivatives.

a. To make bad; to pervert in character or quality; to deteriorate, impair, spoil, vitiate. Now rare, except as in 2.

ΘΚΠ

the world > action or operation > harm or detriment > cause or effect (harm) [verb (transitive)] > do harm or injury to > affect detrimentally

atterc885

hurtc1200

marc1225

appair1297

impair1297

spilla1300

emblemishc1384

endull1395

blemishc1430

depaira1460

depravea1533

deform1533

envenom1533

vitiate1534

quail1551

impeach1563

subvert1565

craze1573

taint1573

spoil1578

endamage1579

qualify1584

stain1584

crack1590

ravish1594

interess1598

invitiate1598

corrupt1602

venom1621

depauperate1623

detriment1623

flaw1623

embase1625

ungold1637

murder1644

refract1646

depress1647

addle1652

sweal1655

butcher1659

shade1813

mess1823

puckeroo1840

untone1861

blue1880

queer1884

dick1972

forgar-

a1533 Ld. Berners tr. A. de Guevara Golden Bk. M. Aurelius (1537) xlvi Olde folkes wyll depraue [printed depryue, L. depravabunt] thy mynde with their couetousnes.

1552 R. Huloet Abcedarium Anglico Latinum Depraue, peruert, or make yll, deprauo.

1558 W. Ward tr. G. Ruscelli Secretes Alexis of Piemount (1568) 42 b Sorowe, sadnesse, or melancholie corrupte the bloude..and deprave and hurt nature.

a1631 J. Donne Serm. (1962) X. 95 A good worke, (not depraved with an ill end).

1685 R. Boyle Exper. Disc. Salubr. Air 14 in Ess. Effects Motion The air is depraved..by being impregnated with Mineral Expirations.

a1784 S. Johnson in J. W. Croker Boswell's Life Johnson (1831) V. 419 I believe that the loss of teeth may deprave the voice of a singer.

1802 Trans. Soc. Arts 20 222 It [sea-salt] rather depraves than improves the oils.

b. To corrupt (a text, word, etc.). archaic.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > mental capacity > intelligibility > misinterpretation > distortion or perversion of meaning > pervert or distort [verb (transitive)]

crooka1340

deprave1382

pervertc1390

strainc1449

drawc1450

miswrest?a1475

bewrya1522

wry?1521

to make a Welshman's hose ofa1529

writhea1533

wrest1533

invert1534

wring?1541

depravate1548

rack1548

violent1549

wrench1549

train1551

wreathe1556

throw1558

detorta1575

shuffle1589

wriggle1593

distortc1595

to put, set, place, etc. on the rack1599

twine1600

wire-draw1610

monstrify1617

screw1628

corrupt1630

gloss1638

torture1648

force1662

vex1678

refract1700

warp1717

to put a force upon1729

twist1821

ply1988

1382 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) Job Prol. The thingis..bi the vice of writeris depraued.

1599 H. Buttes Dyets Dry Dinner sig. G2 Whence in tract of time the name is depraved: and B put for C.

1663 W. Charleton Chorea Gigantum 25 He was forced to deprave the Text.

1710 H. Prideaux Orig. & Right Tithes iv. 179 But the second Paragraph being so depraved by after Transcribers, as not to be made Sense of.

1845 J. Lingard Hist. & Antiq. Anglo-Saxon Church (ed. 3) II. xi. 206 Restoring the true reading where it had been depraved.

1859 F. Hall Vásavadattá Pref. 9 (note) If his text has not been depraved at the hands of the scribes.

†c. To debase (coinage), falsify (measures, etc.). Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

society > trade and finance > money > value of money > [verb (transitive)] > reduce value

lowa1513

embase1551

falsify1562

deprave1581

delay1586

debase1602

descry1602

decry1617

depreciate1656

discredit1721

devalue1918

devalorize1925

1581 Compendious Exam. Certayne Ordinary Complaints ii. f. 36^* And if our treasure be farre spent and erhaust..I could wish that any other order were taken for the recouery of it, then ye deprauing of our coynes.

a1632 T. Taylor God's Judgem. (1642) i. i. xxxi. 140 Among earthly princes, it is accounted a crime..to counterfeit or deprave their seales.

1650 T. Fuller Pisgah-sight of Palestine iii. 397 The Levites were esteemed the fittest keepers of measures..which willingly would not falsifie, and deprave the same.

1733 D. Neal Hist. Puritans II. 424 Some Ministers in our state..endeavoured to make our money not worth taking, by depraving it.

†d. To desecrate. Obsolete. rare.

ΘΚΠ

society > faith > worship > sacrilege > cause sacrilege [verb (transitive)]

defoulc1384

profanea1425

depravea1529

defile1535

unhallow1535

profanate1554

execratea1572

profanizate1578

sacrilege1578

unconsecrate1598

exaugurate1600

defoil1601

dishallow1624

desecrate1675

disenhallow1846

profanizea1876

a1529 J. Skelton Ware the Hauke [42 He wrought amys To hawke in my church of Dis.] 301 Dys church ye thus depravyd.

2. spec. To make morally bad; to pervert, debase, or corrupt morally. (The current sense.)

ΘΚΠ

the mind > goodness and badness > wrongdoing > corruption > [verb (intransitive)]

spillc1290

deprave1482

smita1500

the mind > goodness and badness > wrongdoing > corruption > [verb (transitive)]

forbraidc888

besmiteeOE

awemOE

filec1175

soila1250

envenomc1300

beshrewc1325

shrew1338

corrumpa1340

corrupt1382

subvertc1384

tache1390

poison1395

infect?c1400

intoxicatec1450

deprave1482

corrup1483

rust1493

turkess?1521

vitiate1534

prevary?1541

depravate1548

fester?1548

turkish1560

wry1563

taint1573

disalter1579

prevaricate1595

sophisticate1597

invitiate1598

fashion1600

tack1601

debauch1603

deturpate1623

disaltern1635

ulcer1642

deboise1654

Neronize1673

demoralize1794

bedevil1800

society > morality > moral evil > moral or spiritual degeneration > degrading or impairing morally > degrade or impair morally [verb (transitive)] > pervert or deprave

bicharrea1100

crooka1340

subvertc1384

pervertc1425

traverse1438

overthwartc1450

perversec1475

deprave1482

crooken1552

preposterate1566

depravate1847

1482 Monk of Evesham 59 I neuyr..hadde any suspycyon hethirto that the kynde of wemen hadde be deprauyd and defoyled by suche a foule synne.

1595 E. Spenser Amoretti xxxi, in Amoretti & Epithalamion sig. C A hart..Whose pryde depraues each other better part.

1667 J. Milton Paradise Lost v. 471 One Almightie is, from whom All things proceed, and up to him return, If not deprav'd from good.

1736 Bp. J. Butler Analogy of Relig. i. v. 94 Vitious Indulgence,..depraves the inward Constitution and Character.

1890 Spectator 1 Mar. The belief that a witch was a person who leagued herself with the Devil to defy God and deprave man.

†3. To pervert the meaning or intention of, to pervert by misconstruing. Obsolete.

ΚΠ

1382 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) 2 Pet. iii. 16 Summe harde thinges in vnderstondinge, the whiche unwijse..men deprauen..to her owne perdicioun.

1526 W. Bonde Pylgrimage of Perfection iii. sig. aiiii^v By..deprauyng and mysiugyng his intent in thynges that be good.

1581 J. Bell tr. W. Haddon & J. Foxe Against Jerome Osorius 344 b What can be spoken so sincerely, but by sinister construing may be depraved?

1643 J. Milton Doctr. Divorce 32 Our Saviour heer confutes not Moses Law, but the false glosses that deprav'd the Law.

1660 H. More Explan. Grand Myst. Godliness vi. xvii. 214 I must confess they have not depraved the meaning of the seventh verse.

1703 J. Barrett Analecta 48 It would be a manifest depraving of that sacred Text..to turn it thus.

†4.

a. To represent as bad; to vilify, defame, decry, disparage. Obsolete. [So Italian ‘depravare..to backbite’ (Florio).]

ΘΚΠ

the mind > attention and judgement > contempt > disrepute > damage to reputation > slander or calumny > slander or calumniate [verb (transitive)]

to say or speak shame of, on, byc950

teleeOE

sayOE

to speak evil (Old English be) ofc1000

belie?c1225

betell?c1225

missayc1225

skandera1300

disclanderc1300

wrenchc1300

bewrayc1330

bite1330

gothele1340

slanderc1340

deprave1362

hinderc1375

backbite1382

blasphemec1386

afamec1390

fame1393

to blow up?a1400

defamea1400

noise1425

to say well (also evil, ill, etc.) of (also by)1445

malignc1450

to speak villainy of1470

infame1483

injury1484

painta1522

malicea1526

denigrate1526

disfamea1533

misreporta1535

sugill?1539

dishonest?c1550

calumniate1554

scandalize1566

ill1577

blaze1579

traduce1581

misspeak1582

blot1583

abuse1592

wronga1596

infamonize1598

vilify1598

injure?a1600

forspeak1601

libel1602

infamize1605

belibel1606

calumnize1606

besquirt1611

colly1615

scandala1616

bedirt1622

soil1641

disfigurea1643

sycophant1642

spatter1645

sugillate1647

bespattera1652

bedung1655

asperse1656

mischieve1656

opprobriatea1657

reflect1661

dehonestate1663

carbonify1792

defamate1810

mouth1810

foul-mouth1822

lynch1836

rot1890

calumny1895

ding1903

bad-talk1938

norate1938

bad-mouth1941

monster1967

1362 W. Langland Piers Plowman A. iii. 172 I com not to chyde, Ne to depraue þi persone with a proud herte.

a1425 (c1395) Bible (Wycliffite, L.V.) (Royal) (1850) Prov. i. 29 Thei depraueden al myn amendyng [1382 bacbitiden].

?a1475 (?a1425) tr. R. Higden Polychron. (Harl. 2261) (1869) II. 169 The peple of Englonde..deprauenge theire awne thynges commende other straunge.

1581 J. Bell tr. W. Haddon & J. Foxe Against Jerome Osorius 1 b How maliciously and wickedly England hath bene accused and depraved by her cursed enemy Osorius.

1642 D. Rogers Naaman 97 Perhaps I shall heare the godly depraved, jeered at.

1667 J. Milton Paradise Lost vi. 174 Unjustly thou deprav'st it with the name Of Servitude.

†b. absol.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > attention and judgement > contempt > disrepute > damage to reputation > slander or calumny > utter slander or calumny [verb (intransitive)]

missay?c1225

wrayc1330

malignc1425

slanderc1426

libel1570

deprave1600

calumniate1609

libellizec1620

sycophantize1636

disreport1655

scandalize1745

to sling (also fling, throw) mud1768

calumny1895

foul-mouth1960

1600 W. Shakespeare Much Ado about Nothing v. i. 96 Fashion-monging boies, That lie, and cogge, and flout, depraue, and slaunder.

1816 Ld. Byron Monody Death Sheridan 73 Behold the host! delighting to deprave, Who track the steps of Glory to the grave..Distort the truth, accumulate the lie, And pile the pyramid of Calumny!

†5. intransitive. To grow or become bad or depraved; to suffer corruption. Obsolete. rare.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > goodness and badness > wrongdoing > corruption > [verb (intransitive)] > become corrupt

forbraidc1220

corruptc1405

ulceratea1425

rankle1612

deprave1655

society > morality > moral evil > moral or spiritual degeneration > degenerate [verb (intransitive)] > become corrupt

rot?c1225

pervertc1475

putrefya1500

corrupt1598

gangrene1618

deprave1655

stink1934

1655 T. Fuller Church-hist. Brit. ii. 103 A Self-sufficiency, that soon improved into Plenty, that quickly depraved into Riot, and that at last occasioned their Ruine.

6. Formerly often used in various senses of deprive v.

ΚΠ

1572 J. Jones Bathes of Bathes Ayde Ep. Ded. 2 Sicknesse..depriveth, deminisheth or depraveth the partes accidentally of their operations.

1605 M. Drayton Poems sig. Ff2^v O that a tyrant then should me depraue, Of that which else all liuing creatures haue!

1621 R. Burton Anat. Melancholy i. ii. i. iv. 95 Lunatick persons, that are depraved [1632 and later deprived] of their wits by the Moones motion.

1632 W. Lithgow Totall Disc. Trav. ix. 407 John the 17. who after he was depraved his Papacy, had his eyes pulled out.

1732 J. Arbuthnot Pract. Rules of Diet i. 263 Oils entirely deprav'd of their Salts are not acrid.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1895; most recently modified version published online December 2021).

单词	deprave
释义	† depraven. Etymology: < deprave v. Obsolete. rare. Detraction, slander. ΘΚΠ the mind > attention and judgement > contempt > disrepute > damage to reputation > slander or calumny > [noun] teleeOE folk-leasinga1000 tolec1000 wrayingc1000 missaw?c1225 slanderc1290 disclanderc1300 famationc1325 noisec1325 skander1338 missaying1340 misspeecha1375 slanderingc1380 biting1382 defaminga1400 filtha1400 missaya1400 obloquya1438 oblocution?a1439 juroryc1440 defamationa1450 defamea1450 forspeaking1483 depravinga1500 defamya1513 injury?1518 depravation1526 maledictiona1530 abusion?1530 blasphemation1533 infamation1533 insectationa1535 calumning1541 calumniation?1549 abuse1559 calumnying1563 calumny1564 belying?1565 illingc1575 scandalizing1575 misparlance?1577 blot1587 libelling1587 scandal1596 traducement1597 injurying1604 deprave1610 vilifying1611 noisec1613 disfame1620 sycophancy1622 aspersion1633 disreport1640 medisance1648 bollocking1653 vilification1653 sugillation1654 blasphemya1656 traduction1656 calumniating1660 blaspheming1677 aspersing1702 blowing1710 infamizing1827 malignation1836 mud-slinging1858 mud-throwing1864 denigration1868 mud-flinging1876 dénigrement1883 malignment1885 injurious falsehood1907 mud-sling1919 bad-mouthing1939 bad mouth1947 trash-talking1974 1610 W. Folkingham Feudigraphia Pref. Verse Whose iustly-honourd Names Shield from Depraue, Couch rabid Blatants, silence Surquedry. ?1615 G. Chapman tr. Homer Odysses (new ed.) xxii. 585 That both on my head pour'd depraves unjust, And on my mother's, scandalling the court. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1895; most recently modified version published online March 2021). † depraveadj. Etymology: An extension of prave adj. = Latin prāvus , after deprave verb and its derivatives: compare depravity n. Obsolete. rare. Depraved. ΘΚΠ the mind > goodness and badness > wrongdoing > corruption > [adjective] sickc960 foulOE unwholec1000 thewlessa1327 corrupt1340 viciousc1340 unwholesomec1374 infecta1387 rustyc1390 unsound?a1400 rottenc1400 rotten-heartedc1405 cankereda1450 infectedc1449 wasted1483 depravate?1520 poisoned1529 deformed1555 poisonous1555 reprobate1557 corrupted1563 prave1564 base-minded1573 tainted1577 Gomorrhean1581 vice-like1589 depraved1593 debauched1598 deboshedc1598 tarish1601 sunk1602 speckled1603 deboist1604 diseased1608 ulcerous1611 vitial1614 debauchc1616 deboise1632 pravous1653 depravea1711 unhealthy1821 scrofulous1842 septic1914 society > morality > moral evil > wickedness > [adjective] > perverse > depraved or perverted woughc888 forraughtc1175 perverteda1382 perversionatec1475 perversed1488 perverta1500 depravate?1520 reprobate1557 prave1564 Gomorrhean1581 depraved1593 wronged1619 prevaricate1635 pravitious1649 pravous1653 depravea1711 turpitudinous1935 a1711 T. Ken Hymnotheo in Wks. (1721) III. 96 Ah me, even from the Womb I came deprave. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1895; most recently modified version published online March 2021). depravev. /dɪˈpreɪv/ Etymology: < Latin dēprāvāre to distort, pervert, corrupt ( < de- prefix 1c + prāvus crooked, wrong, perverse: perhaps immediately < French dépraver (14th cent. in Hatzfeld & Darmesteter). Sense 4 was perhaps the earliest in English: compare also the derivatives. 1. a. To make bad; to pervert in character or quality; to deteriorate, impair, spoil, vitiate. Now rare, except as in 2. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > harm or detriment > cause or effect (harm) [verb (transitive)] > do harm or injury to > affect detrimentally atterc885 hurtc1200 marc1225 appair1297 impair1297 spilla1300 emblemishc1384 endull1395 blemishc1430 depaira1460 depravea1533 deform1533 envenom1533 vitiate1534 quail1551 impeach1563 subvert1565 craze1573 taint1573 spoil1578 endamage1579 qualify1584 stain1584 crack1590 ravish1594 interess1598 invitiate1598 corrupt1602 venom1621 depauperate1623 detriment1623 flaw1623 embase1625 ungold1637 murder1644 refract1646 depress1647 addle1652 sweal1655 butcher1659 shade1813 mess1823 puckeroo1840 untone1861 blue1880 queer1884 dick1972 forgar- a1533 Ld. Berners tr. A. de Guevara Golden Bk. M. Aurelius (1537) xlvi Olde folkes wyll depraue [printed depryue, L. depravabunt] thy mynde with their couetousnes. 1552 R. Huloet Abcedarium Anglico Latinum Depraue, peruert, or make yll, deprauo. 1558 W. Ward tr. G. Ruscelli Secretes Alexis of Piemount (1568) 42 b Sorowe, sadnesse, or melancholie corrupte the bloude..and deprave and hurt nature. a1631 J. Donne Serm. (1962) X. 95 A good worke, (not depraved with an ill end). 1685 R. Boyle Exper. Disc. Salubr. Air 14 in Ess. Effects Motion The air is depraved..by being impregnated with Mineral Expirations. a1784 S. Johnson in J. W. Croker Boswell's Life Johnson (1831) V. 419 I believe that the loss of teeth may deprave the voice of a singer. 1802 Trans. Soc. Arts 20 222 It [sea-salt] rather depraves than improves the oils. b. To corrupt (a text, word, etc.). archaic. ΘΚΠ the mind > mental capacity > intelligibility > misinterpretation > distortion or perversion of meaning > pervert or distort [verb (transitive)] crooka1340 deprave1382 pervertc1390 strainc1449 drawc1450 miswrest?a1475 bewrya1522 wry?1521 to make a Welshman's hose ofa1529 writhea1533 wrest1533 invert1534 wring?1541 depravate1548 rack1548 violent1549 wrench1549 train1551 wreathe1556 throw1558 detorta1575 shuffle1589 wriggle1593 distortc1595 to put, set, place, etc. on the rack1599 twine1600 wire-draw1610 monstrify1617 screw1628 corrupt1630 gloss1638 torture1648 force1662 vex1678 refract1700 warp1717 to put a force upon1729 twist1821 ply1988 1382 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) Job Prol. The thingis..bi the vice of writeris depraued. 1599 H. Buttes Dyets Dry Dinner sig. G2 Whence in tract of time the name is depraved: and B put for C. 1663 W. Charleton Chorea Gigantum 25 He was forced to deprave the Text. 1710 H. Prideaux Orig. & Right Tithes iv. 179 But the second Paragraph being so depraved by after Transcribers, as not to be made Sense of. 1845 J. Lingard Hist. & Antiq. Anglo-Saxon Church (ed. 3) II. xi. 206 Restoring the true reading where it had been depraved. 1859 F. Hall Vásavadattá Pref. 9 (note) If his text has not been depraved at the hands of the scribes. †c. To debase (coinage), falsify (measures, etc.). Obsolete. ΘΚΠ society > trade and finance > money > value of money > [verb (transitive)] > reduce value lowa1513 embase1551 falsify1562 deprave1581 delay1586 debase1602 descry1602 decry1617 depreciate1656 discredit1721 devalue1918 devalorize1925 1581 Compendious Exam. Certayne Ordinary Complaints ii. f. 36^* And if our treasure be farre spent and erhaust..I could wish that any other order were taken for the recouery of it, then ye deprauing of our coynes. a1632 T. Taylor God's Judgem. (1642) i. i. xxxi. 140 Among earthly princes, it is accounted a crime..to counterfeit or deprave their seales. 1650 T. Fuller Pisgah-sight of Palestine iii. 397 The Levites were esteemed the fittest keepers of measures..which willingly would not falsifie, and deprave the same. 1733 D. Neal Hist. Puritans II. 424 Some Ministers in our state..endeavoured to make our money not worth taking, by depraving it. †d. To desecrate. Obsolete. rare. ΘΚΠ society > faith > worship > sacrilege > cause sacrilege [verb (transitive)] defoulc1384 profanea1425 depravea1529 defile1535 unhallow1535 profanate1554 execratea1572 profanizate1578 sacrilege1578 unconsecrate1598 exaugurate1600 defoil1601 dishallow1624 desecrate1675 disenhallow1846 profanizea1876 a1529 J. Skelton Ware the Hauke [42 He wrought amys To hawke in my church of Dis.] 301 Dys church ye thus depravyd. 2. spec. To make morally bad; to pervert, debase, or corrupt morally. (The current sense.) ΘΚΠ the mind > goodness and badness > wrongdoing > corruption > [verb (intransitive)] spillc1290 deprave1482 smita1500 the mind > goodness and badness > wrongdoing > corruption > [verb (transitive)] forbraidc888 besmiteeOE awemOE filec1175 soila1250 envenomc1300 beshrewc1325 shrew1338 corrumpa1340 corrupt1382 subvertc1384 tache1390 poison1395 infect?c1400 intoxicatec1450 deprave1482 corrup1483 rust1493 turkess?1521 vitiate1534 prevary?1541 depravate1548 fester?1548 turkish1560 wry1563 taint1573 disalter1579 prevaricate1595 sophisticate1597 invitiate1598 fashion1600 tack1601 debauch1603 deturpate1623 disaltern1635 ulcer1642 deboise1654 Neronize1673 demoralize1794 bedevil1800 society > morality > moral evil > moral or spiritual degeneration > degrading or impairing morally > degrade or impair morally [verb (transitive)] > pervert or deprave bicharrea1100 crooka1340 subvertc1384 pervertc1425 traverse1438 overthwartc1450 perversec1475 deprave1482 crooken1552 preposterate1566 depravate1847 1482 Monk of Evesham 59 I neuyr..hadde any suspycyon hethirto that the kynde of wemen hadde be deprauyd and defoyled by suche a foule synne. 1595 E. Spenser Amoretti xxxi, in Amoretti & Epithalamion sig. C A hart..Whose pryde depraues each other better part. 1667 J. Milton Paradise Lost v. 471 One Almightie is, from whom All things proceed, and up to him return, If not deprav'd from good. View more context for this quotation 1736 Bp. J. Butler Analogy of Relig. i. v. 94 Vitious Indulgence,..depraves the inward Constitution and Character. 1890 Spectator 1 Mar. The belief that a witch was a person who leagued herself with the Devil to defy God and deprave man. †3. To pervert the meaning or intention of, to pervert by misconstruing. Obsolete. ΚΠ 1382 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) 2 Pet. iii. 16 Summe harde thinges in vnderstondinge, the whiche unwijse..men deprauen..to her owne perdicioun. 1526 W. Bonde Pylgrimage of Perfection iii. sig. aiiii^v By..deprauyng and mysiugyng his intent in thynges that be good. 1581 J. Bell tr. W. Haddon & J. Foxe Against Jerome Osorius 344 b What can be spoken so sincerely, but by sinister construing may be depraved? 1643 J. Milton Doctr. Divorce 32 Our Saviour heer confutes not Moses Law, but the false glosses that deprav'd the Law. 1660 H. More Explan. Grand Myst. Godliness vi. xvii. 214 I must confess they have not depraved the meaning of the seventh verse. 1703 J. Barrett Analecta 48 It would be a manifest depraving of that sacred Text..to turn it thus. †4. a. To represent as bad; to vilify, defame, decry, disparage. Obsolete. [So Italian ‘depravare..to backbite’ (Florio).] ΘΚΠ the mind > attention and judgement > contempt > disrepute > damage to reputation > slander or calumny > slander or calumniate [verb (transitive)] to say or speak shame of, on, byc950 teleeOE sayOE to speak evil (Old English be) ofc1000 belie?c1225 betell?c1225 missayc1225 skandera1300 disclanderc1300 wrenchc1300 bewrayc1330 bite1330 gothele1340 slanderc1340 deprave1362 hinderc1375 backbite1382 blasphemec1386 afamec1390 fame1393 to blow up?a1400 defamea1400 noise1425 to say well (also evil, ill, etc.) of (also by)1445 malignc1450 to speak villainy of1470 infame1483 injury1484 painta1522 malicea1526 denigrate1526 disfamea1533 misreporta1535 sugill?1539 dishonest?c1550 calumniate1554 scandalize1566 ill1577 blaze1579 traduce1581 misspeak1582 blot1583 abuse1592 wronga1596 infamonize1598 vilify1598 injure?a1600 forspeak1601 libel1602 infamize1605 belibel1606 calumnize1606 besquirt1611 colly1615 scandala1616 bedirt1622 soil1641 disfigurea1643 sycophant1642 spatter1645 sugillate1647 bespattera1652 bedung1655 asperse1656 mischieve1656 opprobriatea1657 reflect1661 dehonestate1663 carbonify1792 defamate1810 mouth1810 foul-mouth1822 lynch1836 rot1890 calumny1895 ding1903 bad-talk1938 norate1938 bad-mouth1941 monster1967 1362 W. Langland Piers Plowman A. iii. 172 I com not to chyde, Ne to depraue þi persone with a proud herte. a1425 (c1395) Bible (Wycliffite, L.V.) (Royal) (1850) Prov. i. 29 Thei depraueden al myn amendyng [1382 bacbitiden]. ?a1475 (?a1425) tr. R. Higden Polychron. (Harl. 2261) (1869) II. 169 The peple of Englonde..deprauenge theire awne thynges commende other straunge. 1581 J. Bell tr. W. Haddon & J. Foxe Against Jerome Osorius 1 b How maliciously and wickedly England hath bene accused and depraved by her cursed enemy Osorius. 1642 D. Rogers Naaman 97 Perhaps I shall heare the godly depraved, jeered at. 1667 J. Milton Paradise Lost vi. 174 Unjustly thou deprav'st it with the name Of Servitude. View more context for this quotation †b. absol. ΘΚΠ the mind > attention and judgement > contempt > disrepute > damage to reputation > slander or calumny > utter slander or calumny [verb (intransitive)] missay?c1225 wrayc1330 malignc1425 slanderc1426 libel1570 deprave1600 calumniate1609 libellizec1620 sycophantize1636 disreport1655 scandalize1745 to sling (also fling, throw) mud1768 calumny1895 foul-mouth1960 1600 W. Shakespeare Much Ado about Nothing v. i. 96 Fashion-monging boies, That lie, and cogge, and flout, depraue, and slaunder. View more context for this quotation 1816 Ld. Byron Monody Death Sheridan 73 Behold the host! delighting to deprave, Who track the steps of Glory to the grave..Distort the truth, accumulate the lie, And pile the pyramid of Calumny! †5. intransitive. To grow or become bad or depraved; to suffer corruption. Obsolete. rare. ΘΚΠ the mind > goodness and badness > wrongdoing > corruption > [verb (intransitive)] > become corrupt forbraidc1220 corruptc1405 ulceratea1425 rankle1612 deprave1655 society > morality > moral evil > moral or spiritual degeneration > degenerate [verb (intransitive)] > become corrupt rot?c1225 pervertc1475 putrefya1500 corrupt1598 gangrene1618 deprave1655 stink1934 1655 T. Fuller Church-hist. Brit. ii. 103 A Self-sufficiency, that soon improved into Plenty, that quickly depraved into Riot, and that at last occasioned their Ruine. 6. Formerly often used in various senses of deprive v. ΚΠ 1572 J. Jones Bathes of Bathes Ayde Ep. Ded. 2 Sicknesse..depriveth, deminisheth or depraveth the partes accidentally of their operations. 1605 M. Drayton Poems sig. Ff2^v O that a tyrant then should me depraue, Of that which else all liuing creatures haue! 1621 R. Burton Anat. Melancholy i. ii. i. iv. 95 Lunatick persons, that are depraved [1632 and later deprived] of their wits by the Moones motion. 1632 W. Lithgow Totall Disc. Trav. ix. 407 John the 17. who after he was depraved his Papacy, had his eyes pulled out. 1732 J. Arbuthnot Pract. Rules of Diet i. 263 Oils entirely deprav'd of their Salts are not acrid. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1895; most recently modified version published online December 2021). < n.1610adj.a1711v.1362
随便看	plasmablastic plasmablasts plasmacelled plasmacellular plasmacorpuscle plasmacyte plasmacytes plasmacytic plasmacytoid plasmacytoma plasmacytosis plasmadynamic plasmadynamical plasmagel plasmagels plasmagene plasmagenes plasmagenic plasmal plasmal reaction plasmalemma plasmalemmal plasmalemmas plasmalemmasome plasmalogen

† depraven.

† depraveadj.

depravev.