defensativen.adj.

Brit.

/dᵻˈfɛnsətɪv/, U.S.

/dəˈfɛnsədɪv/,

/diˈfɛnsədɪv/

Forms:

α. 1500s–1600s defensatiue, 1600s– defensative.

β. 1500s–1600s defensitiue, 1600s–1700s defensitive.

Origin: A borrowing from Latin. Etymon: Latin defensativus.

Etymology: < post-classical Latin defensativus having the property of defending, defensive, protective (1517 or earlier; rare) < classical Latin dēfensāt- , past participial stem of dēfensāre to act in defence against, to protect (see defence v.) + -īvus -ive suffix. Compare earlier defensive adj., and also (especially with use in sense B. 2) earlier defensible adj.

A. n.

Something that acts as a defence or protection; (Medicine) spec. a medicated ointment or plaster applied to the skin (cf. defensative plaster at sense B. 3); = defensive n. 1. Now historical and rare.

ΘΚΠ

the world > health and disease > healing > medical treatment > types of treatment generally > [noun] > preventative treatment > a preventative treatment

defensivea1400

prophylactic?1541

defensative1563

defensure1616

prophylacticon1716

1563 T. Gale Certaine Wks. Chirurg. ii. xviii. f. 30 You must with all diligent skil, labour to kepe the wound from paine and accidents: by purging, letting bloud glisters, diet, repercusiues, and defensatiues & medicynes that doe cease dolour.

1576 G. Baker tr. C. Gesner Newe Jewell of Health i. f. 7^v They also affirme by the sayde forme of Distilling, that certaine waters maye be attayned for the restoring of youth, and prolonging of lyfe, and I cannot tell what maner of Defensatiues, and worthy Drinckes..for expelling of the Plague.

1583 H. Howard (title) A defensatiue against the poyson of supposed prophesies.

1617 J. Woodall Surgions Mate 41 A good defensatiue against all venemous humours.

1658 Sir T. Browne Garden of Cyrus iii, in Hydriotaphia: Urne-buriall 126 Houseleek; which old superstition set on the tops of houses, as a defensative against lightening.

a1711 T. Ken Serm. preached at Whitehall in Prose Wks. (1838) 160 Abstinence, the best defensitive a Christian can have.

1739 J. Sparrow tr. H. F. Le Dran Observ. Surg. xxix. 100 A Defensitive [Fr. défensif] composed of Bole Armenie, The White of an Egg, and Vinegar.

1797 A. Thomson Dialogues in Libr. xi. 153 Fishes are destitute of eye-lids, because they have no occasion for a defensative against dust and motes, injurious to the eyes of land animals.

1842 Provinc. Med. Jrnl. 4 June 178/1 I imagine..it has some superiority over those applications which are commonly employed as defensatives for the exclusion of the air.

2000 A. Wear Knowl. & Pract. Eng. Med. v. 254 The compresses were dipped into medical preparations such as oil of turpentine mixed with egg yolk or other ointments designed as ‘defensatives’ to prevent inflammation.

†B. adj.

1. Of an argument, plea, etc.: that is made in defence of something or someone; = defensive adj. 5. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

society > morality > duty or obligation > moral or legal constraint > immunity or exemption from liability > justification > [adjective] > vindicated > vindicatory > by argument

defendantc1400

defending?1534

defensative1587

defensive1604

1587 J. Bridges Def. Govt. Church of Eng. xvi. 1392 They should haue stood either altogether or most, on that defensatiue point.

1662 M. Mead Εν ολιγω Χριστιανος sig. B In this Chapter you have the Apostle Pauls Apology and defensative plea.

1685 J. Jackson et al. Annot. Holy Bible II. (John xviii. 21) sig. Lll*/2 Their Capital causes always began with the defensative part.

1703 W. Burkitt Expos. Notes New Test. Mark ii. 22 The defensative Plea which our Blessed Saviour makes.

1828 Aurora & Pennsylvania Gaz. 5 June Our defensative explanation relative to the rail way memorial.

2. Able to be defended; = defendable adj. 2. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

society > armed hostility > defence > [adjective] > affording defence > of a place

defensiblea1382

defensative1591

defensive1601

1591 F. Sparry tr. C. de Cattan Geomancie 85 The Citie is faire. but in the end it shalbe taken if that it be besieged, for that it is not defensatiue [Fr. defensable] and [is] ill maintayned by men of force.

3. Of a thing: that protects or defends against damage or harm; protective. Frequently in defensative plaster: (Medicine) an ointment or plaster intended to protect a wound from infection. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

society > armed hostility > defence > [adjective] > affording defence

defensiblea1382

defensivea1400

defensory1552

fenciblea1572

fensive1582

defencing1583

defensative1596

defendant1597

repugnatory1737

the world > action or operation > safety > protection or defence > [adjective] > affording protection or defence

defendantc1330

defensivea1400

defensory1552

fensive1582

protectingc1595

defensative1596

secureful1598

fenceful1616

friendly1628

protective1653

protectory1654

screening?a1656

protectant1670

warding1697

safeguard1822

shielding1851

cushioning1887

tutorial1898

1596 H. Plat Sundrie New & Artificiall Remedies Famine sig. C^v A defensatiue oile for his armours, peeces, and other weapons.

1603 P. Holland tr. Plutarch Morals 19 As with a defensative band about it [Fr. pour les engarder].

1623 G. Markham Countrey Contentments, or Eng. Huswife (new ed.) i. i. 48 Lay it within the deffensytiue plaister before rehearsed.

1668 J. Howe Blessednesse of Righteous xviii. 318 The efficacy and defensative power of Moral goodness.

1741 J. Bartram Let. 18 Oct. in Corr. (1992) 171 A strange sort of A defensative weapon.

1769 Monthly Rev. June 469 Then follows a train of plaister-compresses, defensative plaisters, long rollers.

1809 Philos. Mag. 34 285 Over this a defensative plaster.

1849 Illustr. London News 17 Feb. 108/1 To show the necessity for this peculiarly defensative clothing, our Correspondent subjoins a few notes upon the intense cold of the Canadian climate.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2016; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	defensative
释义	defensativen.adj. Brit. /dᵻˈfɛnsətɪv/, U.S. /dəˈfɛnsədɪv/, /diˈfɛnsədɪv/ Forms: α. 1500s–1600s defensatiue, 1600s– defensative. β. 1500s–1600s defensitiue, 1600s–1700s defensitive. Origin: A borrowing from Latin. Etymon: Latin defensativus. Etymology: < post-classical Latin defensativus having the property of defending, defensive, protective (1517 or earlier; rare) < classical Latin dēfensāt- , past participial stem of dēfensāre to act in defence against, to protect (see defence v.) + -īvus -ive suffix. Compare earlier defensive adj., and also (especially with use in sense B. 2) earlier defensible adj. A. n. Something that acts as a defence or protection; (Medicine) spec. a medicated ointment or plaster applied to the skin (cf. defensative plaster at sense B. 3); = defensive n. 1. Now historical and rare. ΘΚΠ the world > health and disease > healing > medical treatment > types of treatment generally > [noun] > preventative treatment > a preventative treatment defensivea1400 prophylactic?1541 defensative1563 defensure1616 prophylacticon1716 1563 T. Gale Certaine Wks. Chirurg. ii. xviii. f. 30 You must with all diligent skil, labour to kepe the wound from paine and accidents: by purging, letting bloud glisters, diet, repercusiues, and defensatiues & medicynes that doe cease dolour. 1576 G. Baker tr. C. Gesner Newe Jewell of Health i. f. 7^v They also affirme by the sayde forme of Distilling, that certaine waters maye be attayned for the restoring of youth, and prolonging of lyfe, and I cannot tell what maner of Defensatiues, and worthy Drinckes..for expelling of the Plague. 1583 H. Howard (title) A defensatiue against the poyson of supposed prophesies. 1617 J. Woodall Surgions Mate 41 A good defensatiue against all venemous humours. 1658 Sir T. Browne Garden of Cyrus iii, in Hydriotaphia: Urne-buriall 126 Houseleek; which old superstition set on the tops of houses, as a defensative against lightening. a1711 T. Ken Serm. preached at Whitehall in Prose Wks. (1838) 160 Abstinence, the best defensitive a Christian can have. 1739 J. Sparrow tr. H. F. Le Dran Observ. Surg. xxix. 100 A Defensitive [Fr. défensif] composed of Bole Armenie, The White of an Egg, and Vinegar. 1797 A. Thomson Dialogues in Libr. xi. 153 Fishes are destitute of eye-lids, because they have no occasion for a defensative against dust and motes, injurious to the eyes of land animals. 1842 Provinc. Med. Jrnl. 4 June 178/1 I imagine..it has some superiority over those applications which are commonly employed as defensatives for the exclusion of the air. 2000 A. Wear Knowl. & Pract. Eng. Med. v. 254 The compresses were dipped into medical preparations such as oil of turpentine mixed with egg yolk or other ointments designed as ‘defensatives’ to prevent inflammation. †B. adj. 1. Of an argument, plea, etc.: that is made in defence of something or someone; = defensive adj. 5. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ society > morality > duty or obligation > moral or legal constraint > immunity or exemption from liability > justification > [adjective] > vindicated > vindicatory > by argument defendantc1400 defending?1534 defensative1587 defensive1604 1587 J. Bridges Def. Govt. Church of Eng. xvi. 1392 They should haue stood either altogether or most, on that defensatiue point. 1662 M. Mead Εν ολιγω Χριστιανος sig. B In this Chapter you have the Apostle Pauls Apology and defensative plea. 1685 J. Jackson et al. Annot. Holy Bible II. (John xviii. 21) sig. Lll/2 Their Capital causes always began with the defensative part. 1703 W. Burkitt Expos. Notes New Test.* Mark ii. 22 The defensative Plea which our Blessed Saviour makes. 1828 Aurora & Pennsylvania Gaz. 5 June Our defensative explanation relative to the rail way memorial. 2. Able to be defended; = defendable adj. 2. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ society > armed hostility > defence > [adjective] > affording defence > of a place defensiblea1382 defensative1591 defensive1601 1591 F. Sparry tr. C. de Cattan Geomancie 85 The Citie is faire. but in the end it shalbe taken if that it be besieged, for that it is not defensatiue [Fr. defensable] and [is] ill maintayned by men of force. 3. Of a thing: that protects or defends against damage or harm; protective. Frequently in defensative plaster: (Medicine) an ointment or plaster intended to protect a wound from infection. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ society > armed hostility > defence > [adjective] > affording defence defensiblea1382 defensivea1400 defensory1552 fenciblea1572 fensive1582 defencing1583 defensative1596 defendant1597 repugnatory1737 the world > action or operation > safety > protection or defence > [adjective] > affording protection or defence defendantc1330 defensivea1400 defensory1552 fensive1582 protectingc1595 defensative1596 secureful1598 fenceful1616 friendly1628 protective1653 protectory1654 screening?a1656 protectant1670 warding1697 safeguard1822 shielding1851 cushioning1887 tutorial1898 1596 H. Plat Sundrie New & Artificiall Remedies Famine sig. C^v A defensatiue oile for his armours, peeces, and other weapons. 1603 P. Holland tr. Plutarch Morals 19 As with a defensative band about it [Fr. pour les engarder]. 1623 G. Markham Countrey Contentments, or Eng. Huswife (new ed.) i. i. 48 Lay it within the deffensytiue plaister before rehearsed. 1668 J. Howe Blessednesse of Righteous xviii. 318 The efficacy and defensative power of Moral goodness. 1741 J. Bartram Let. 18 Oct. in Corr. (1992) 171 A strange sort of A defensative weapon. 1769 Monthly Rev. June 469 Then follows a train of plaister-compresses, defensative plaisters, long rollers. 1809 Philos. Mag. 34 285 Over this a defensative plaster. 1849 Illustr. London News 17 Feb. 108/1 To show the necessity for this peculiarly defensative clothing, our Correspondent subjoins a few notes upon the intense cold of the Canadian climate. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2016; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.adj.1563
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