damagen.

Brit.

/ˈdamɪdʒ/, U.S.

/ˈdæmɪdʒ/

Forms: α. Middle English– damage; Middle English–1700s dammage. (1500s dampnage, 1500s–1600s damnage, 1600s damadge). β. Middle English–1600s dommage, Middle English–1600s domage.

Etymology: < Old French damage (11th cent. in Littré), also domage , daumage , demage , since 15th cent. dommage = Old Spanish domage , < Old French dam , damage, prejudice, loss (= Provençal dam , Italian danno loss), < Latin damnum loss, hurt, damage + -age suffix. Compare Provençal damnatge and Italian dannatico on Latin type *damnāticum. The Middle English form domage, dommage is after later French; dam(p)nage after medieval Latin.

1. Loss or detriment caused by hurt or injury affecting estate, condition, or circumstances. archaic.

ΘΚΠ

the world > action or operation > harm or detriment > [noun]

burstc1000

harmOE

scatheOE

teenOE

evil healc1175

waningc1175

hurt?c1225

quede?c1225

balec1275

damage1300

follyc1300

grill13..

ungain13..

torferc1325

eviltyc1330

wem1338

impairment1340

marring1357

unhend1377

sorrowc1380

pairingc1384

pairmentc1384

mischiefc1385

offencec1385

appairment1388

hindering1390

noyinga1398

bresta1400

envya1400

wemminga1400

gremec1400

wilc1400

blemishing1413

lesion?a1425

nocument?a1425

injuryc1430

mischieving1432

hindrance1436

detrimenta1440

ill1470

untroth1470

diversity1484

remordc1485

unhappinessc1485

grudge1491

wriguldy-wrag?1520

danger1530

dishort1535

perishment1540

wreaka1542

emperishment1545

impeachment1548

indemnity1556

impair1568

spoil1572

impeach1575

interestc1575

emblemishing1583

mishap1587

endamagement1593

blemishment1596

mischievance1600

damnificationa1631

oblesion1656

mishanter1754

vitiation1802

mar1876

jeel1887

the mind > goodness and badness > badness or evil > worse > [noun]

damage1300

declinea1327

ebbc1400

mischange1561

dotage1606

failancea1627

fallback1830

downgrade1857

slide1884

the mind > possession > loss > [noun] > disadvantage occasioned by

missa1225

damage1300

loss1377

disavail1423

misture1563

α.

1292 Britton i. v. §1 En despit et damage de nous et de noster poeple.]

1300 K. Alis. 959 The scoumfyt, and the damage, Feol on heom of Cartage.

c1386 G. Chaucer Parson's Tale ⁋383 As moche to oure damage as to oure profit.

1535 Bible (Coverdale) Luke ix. 25 Though he wanne the whole worlde and loseth himself or runneth in dammage of himself.

1609 J. Skene tr. Regiam Majestatem 89 The damnage and skaiths, quhilks he hes susteined by the defender, sall be taxed.

1611 Bible (King James) Dan. vi. 2 That..the king should haue no damage .

1778 T. Jones Hoyle's Games Improved 21 You could receive no Damage by playing the King the third Round.

1851 R. Hussey Rise Papal Power ii. 86 The corrupting by bribes of the late Legats..to the damage of S. Peter.

1877 J. D. Chambers Divine Worship Eng. 141 These..Anthems have been wholly omitted, to our great damage.

β. 1481 W. Caxton tr. Myrrour of Worlde i. xiv. 45 [It] torneth contrarye to them & to their dommage.1508 Bp. J. Fisher Wks. (1876) 193 The great domage whiche we suffre by the absence of many of them.a1631 J. Donne Βιαθανατος (1647) ii. vi. §5 If a publique profit recompence my private Domage.

a. Injury, harm; esp. physical injury to a thing, such as impairs its value or usefulness.

ΘΚΠ

the world > existence and causation > creation > destruction > damage > [noun]

harmOE

tinsela1340

damagec1374

offensiona1382

pairmentc1384

wrongc1384

offencec1385

wrackc1407

lesion?a1425

ruin1467

prejudicec1485

domager1502

qualm1513

jacture1515

imblemishment1529

perishment1540

impeachment1548

blame1549

dommagie1556

execution1581

damagement1603

sufferancea1616

stroy1682

murder1809

punishment1839

c1374 G. Chaucer tr. Boethius De Consol. Philos. i. v. 25 Þou hast wepen for þe damage [1560 dommage] of þi renoune þat is appaired.

1430 J. Lydgate tr. Hist. Troy i. vi He was enoynted with an oyntment On his body that kept him from damage.

c1440 Promptorium Parvulorum 113 Damage, or harme, dampnum.

1577 H. I. tr. H. Bullinger 50 Godlie Serm. sig. ¶.vii^v He..suffered all the damages of the bodie.

1637 G. Gillespie Dispute against Eng.-Popish Ceremonies ii. ix. 50 His answere bringeth great damnage to his owne cause.

1639 T. de Gray Compl. Horseman i. ii. 9 Lest in foling, the colt receive domage.

1719 D. Defoe Farther Adventures Robinson Crusoe 36 She was leaky, and had Damage in her Hold.

1869 W. F. Hook Lives Archbps. II. ii. 94 To repair the damage done to the monastery.

b. (with a and plural) A loss, an injury.

ΘΚΠ

the world > action or operation > harm or detriment > harm, injury, or wrong > [noun]

loathc900

harmOE

teenOE

griefc1330

injurec1374

injuryc1384

truitc1390

spitea1400

wrethec1400

supprise1442

trouble1463

damage1470

objectionc1475

interess1489

tort1532

mishanter1754

1470–85 T. Malory Morte d'Arthur i. xv Kyng Lott made grete dool for his dommagis & his felawes.

1577 R. Holinshed Hist. Scotl. 272/2 in Chron. I The dommages and skathes committed by theeues and robbers.

1593 T. W. Tears of Fancie xxiv, in Poems (1870) 190 That I..brought faire beauty to so fowle a domage.

1600 J. Pory tr. J. Leo Africanus Geogr. Hist. Afr. ii. 55 They paid the said owners for all dammages committed.

1771 O. Goldsmith Hist. Eng. I. 79 Repairing the damages which the kingdom had sustained by war.

†3.

a. A disadvantage, inconvenience, trouble.

ΘΚΠ

the world > action or operation > harm or detriment > disadvantage > [noun] > a disadvantage

damage1398

disadvantagec1425

afterdeal1481

disprofit?1555

where the shoe pinches?a1580

drawbacka1640

negative1702

take-off1797

letdown1840

disamenity1864

handicap1872

back-draw1883

disbenefit1968

1398 J. Trevisa tr. Bartholomew de Glanville De Proprietatibus Rerum vi. i. (Tollem. MS.) Age haþ with him many damagis.

1637 R. Humfrey tr. St. Ambrose Christian Offices i. 15 They hold profit to consist in the goods secular, wee reckon these for dammages.

1723 D. Defoe Hist. Col. Jack (ed. 2) 39 'Tis an unspeakable Damage to him for want of his Money.

b. A matter for regret, a misfortune, ‘a pity’.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > emotion > suffering > regret > [noun] > a matter for regret

scathec1300

sinc1300

pityc1325

damagec1385

spitec1400

pity?c1450

remorse1548

tragedy1873

c1385 G. Chaucer Legend Good Women Cleopatra. 578 And of his deth it was ful gret damage.

1490 Caxton's Blanchardyn & Eglantine (1962) xxii. 74 It were domage yf suche a lady..sholde perysshe.

1524 R. Copland tr. J. de Bourbon Syege Cyte of Rodes in Begynnynge Ordre Knyghtes Hospytallers sig. Cv^v Syr Fraunceys de Frenolz..it was grete domage of his dethe for he was a worthy man.

1612 T. Shelton tr. M. de Cervantes Don-Quixote: Pt. 1 i. iv. 25 The Damage is..that I have no money here about me.

4. Law. (Now always in plural) The value, estimated in money, of something lost or withheld; the sum of money claimed or adjudged to be paid in compensation for loss or injury sustained.

ΘΚΠ

society > trade and finance > fees and taxes > compensation > [noun] > compensation for damage

amends1340

damage1542

interestc1575

indemnity1793

reparation1918

society > law > administration of justice > court proceedings or procedure > action of courts in claims or grievances > claim at law > [noun] > a sum payable in damages

damage1542

quantum1602

ad damnuma1754

solatiuma1859

1430 Act 8 Hen. VI c. 9 Le pleyntif recovera ses damages au treble vers le defendant.

a1538 T. Starkey Dial. Pole & Lupset (1989) 127 The party condemnyd..schold ever be awardyd to pay costys & al othur dammage cumyng to hys adversary by the reson of the unjust sute & vexatyon.]

1542–3 Act 34 & 35 Hen. VIII c. 27 §36 Actions personall, whereof the dette, and domage amounteth to the summe of fourtie shillinges.

1548 Hall's Vnion: Henry IV f. xxxi For recoueryng of damages for iniuries to them wrongfully done.

1631 in S. R. Gardiner Rep. Cases Star Chamber & High Comm. (1886) 168 He shall therefore pay 500^li to the King and 200^li Dammage to M^r Deane and make recognition of his fault and wrong.

1767 W. Blackstone Comm. Laws Eng. (new ed.) II. 438 When the jury has assessed his damages.

1858 Ld. St. Leonards Handy Bk. Prop. Law ii. 5 An action..for the recovery of damages for breach of contract.

5. slang. Cost, expense. Esp. in what's the damage? how much is there to pay?

ΘΚΠ

society > trade and finance > management of money > expenditure > [noun] > expenses

costningc1275

spense1297

costagesa1325

misesa1325

spenses1377

dispensec1380

expensesc1384

pensiona1387

costsc1390

resaillec1450

chargec1460

charges1514

outgiving1556

disbursement1607

going-outs1607

defalcation1622

outgoing1622

expense1632

outgoa1641

damage1755

outset1755

expenditure1791

outspend1859

ex1864

paid-out1883

outs1884

x's1894

1755 Connoisseur No. 68. ⁋10 ‘There’, says he, ‘there's your damage—thirteen and two-pence.’

1812 Ld. Byron Wks. (1832) II. 179 I must pay the damage, and will thank you to tell me the amount of the engraving.

1829 J. Hunter Hallamshire Gloss. 29 ‘What is the damage?’ This expression is equivalent to ‘What expence have I incurred?’ ‘What must I pay?’

1852 H. B. Stowe Uncle Tom's Cabin I. xiv. 216 What's the damage, as they say in Kentucky..what's to be paid out for this business?

1855 C. Dickens Let. 21 Oct. (1993) VII. 724 Excellent stowage for the whole family... Damage for the whole, 700 francs a month.

1875 J. G. Holland Sevenoaks xxii. 303 What's the damage for the sort o' thing ye're drivin' at this morning?

1888 A. C. Gunter Mr. Potter xi ‘What's the damage?’ ‘Damage?’ echoes Lubbins, not understanding this Americanism. ‘Yes, how much do I owe?’

6. Apparently used for danger n.

ΚΠ

1464 in T. Stapleton Plumpton Corr. (1839) 13 Now you bee utterly out of his dammage.

Compounds

attributive and in other combinations.

damage control n. (the exercise of) measures to minimize or control the effect of damage caused by an accident, etc., esp. to a ship; also figurative.

ΘΚΠ

the world > action or operation > safety > [noun] > making safe > damage control

damage control1959

damage limitation1963

1938 Engineering 22 July 116/3 The problem also requires study from a damage stability viewpoint.]

1959 Chambers's Encycl. IV. 356/2 Damage control, the principles by which a certain degree of control may be exercised over the stability and buoyancy of a ship which has received serious underwater damage.

1982 W. Safire in N.Y. Times Mag. 26 Sept. 12 Whenever anybody in politics or corporate life goofs.., the people who race to minimize the reaction..are said to be engaged in damage control.

damage limitation n. the action or process of restricting damage caused by an accident, error, etc., or of attempting to do this, esp. in political and military contexts; hence damage-limiting adj.

ΘΚΠ

the world > action or operation > safety > [noun] > making safe > damage control

damage control1959

damage limitation1963

the world > action or operation > safety > [adjective] > making safe > specific

damage-limiting1963

1962 R. S. McNamara in Vital Speeches 1 Mar. 297/2 We may be able to use our retaliatory forces to limit damage done to ourselves, and our allies, by knocking out the enemy's bases before he has had time to launch his second salvos.]

1963 R. S. McNamara in Vital Speeches 1 Dec. 116/1 The damage-limiting capability of our numerically superior forces is, I believe, well worth its incremental cost.

1965 H. Kahn On Escalation viii. 153 ‘Damage limitation’ is current jargon for capabilities and tactics that attempt to limit damage if deterrence fails and war breaks out.

1965 H. Kahn On Escalation viii. 153 The United States can buy a very important increment in damage-limiting capability.

1977 Economist 26 Feb. 22/3 Whitehall is mesmerised by a phrase worthy of the Nixon White House, ‘damage limitation’ (i.e., aiming for nothing while hoping to give away as little as possible).

1987 Economist 17 Jan. 39/3 The damage limitation after the Reykjavik summit, brilliantly managed by the White House staff, went down the plug hole in the flood of post-Iran doubts.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1894; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

damagev.

Forms: see the noun.

Etymology: < Old French damagier, -er, domager, < damage : see damage n.Previous versions of the OED give the stress as: ˈdamage.

1. transitive. To do or cause damage to; to hurt, harm, injure; now commonly to injure (a thing) so as to lessen or destroy its value.

ΘΚΠ

the world > action or operation > harm or detriment > cause or effect (harm) [verb (transitive)] > do harm or injury to

werdec725

wema1000

evilc1000

harmc1000

hinderc1000

teenOE

scathec1175

illc1220

to wait (one) scathec1275

to have (…) wrong1303

annoya1325

grievec1330

wrong1390

to do violence to (also unto)a1393

mischievea1393

damagea1400

annulc1425

trespass1427

mischief1437

poisonc1450

injurea1492

damnify1512

prejudge1531

misfease1571

indemnify1583

bane1601

debauch1633

lese1678

empoison1780

misguggle1814

nobble1860

strafe1915

to dick up1951

the mind > goodness and badness > harmfulness > [verb (transitive)] > to person or thing

werdec725

wemc900

forworkOE

evilc1000

teenOE

grievec1230

misdoc1230

mischievec1325

shond1338

endamagec1374

unrighta1393

damagea1400

disvail14..

disavail1429

mischief1437

outrayc1440

prejudice1447

abuse?1473

injuryc1484

danger1488

prejudicate1553

damnify?a1562

wrack1562

inviolate1569

mislestc1573

indemnify1583

qualify1584

interess1587

buse1589

violence1592

injure1597

bane1601

envya1625

prejudiciala1637

founder1655

the world > existence and causation > creation > destruction > damage > damage or injure [verb (transitive)]

mareOE

shendOE

hinderc1000

amarOE

awemc1275

noyc1300

touchc1300

bleche1340

blemisha1375

spill1377

misdoa1387

grieve1390

damagea1400

despoil?a1400

matea1400

snapea1400

mankc1400

overthrowa1425

tamec1430

undermine1430

blunder1440

depaira1460

adommage?1473

endamage1477

prejudicec1487

fulyie1488

martyra1500

dyscrase?1504

corrupt1526

mangle1534

danger1538

destroy1542

spoil1563

ruinate1564

ruin1567

wrake1570

injury1579

bane1587

massacre1589

ravish1594

wrong1595

rifle1604

tainta1616

mutilea1618

to do violence toa1625

flaw1665

stun1676

quail1682

maul1694

moil1698

damnify1712

margullie1721

maul1782

buga1790

mux1806

queer1818

batter1840

puckeroo1840

rim-rack1841

pretty1868

garbage1899

savage1899

to do in1905

strafe1915

mash1924

blow1943

nuke1967

mung1969

a1400 [implied in: Childh. Jesus 1344 (Mätz.) Of þe liones he made a semblingue bifore heom withoute damagingue. (at damaging n.)].

1477 Earl Rivers tr. Dictes or Sayengis Philosophhres (Caxton) (1877) lf. 53^v A king in his kyngdome may be dommaged and hurte, and specially be fyue thinges.

1548 Hall's Vnion: Henry V f. lvi The Englishmen studied all the waies possible to damage their enemies, some shot arrowes, some cast stones.

1597 W. Shakespeare Richard III iv. ii. 61 To stop all hopes whose growth may damadge me.

a1674 Clarendon's Hist. Rebellion III. 459 (R.) He..gave him a broadside, with which he..damaged the ship.

1794 Ld. Nelson in Dispatches & Lett. (1844) I. 492 Not any notice having been taken..of my eye being damaged.

a1859 T. B. Macaulay Hist. Eng. (1861) V. 130 He missed no opportunity of thwarting and damaging the Government.

1892 Laws Times' Rep. LXVII. 251/1 The Merchant Prince..ran into and damaged the Catalonia.

2. intransitive. To suffer damage or injury. rare.

ΘΚΠ

the world > existence and causation > creation > destruction > damage > [verb (intransitive)] > be damaged

to do for ——a1475

suffer1609

damnify1712

damage1821

injure1848

1821 J. Clare Village Minstrel I. 37 Her Sunday clothes might damage with the dew.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1894; most recently modified version published online December 2021).

单词	damage
释义	damagen. Brit. /ˈdamɪdʒ/, U.S. /ˈdæmɪdʒ/ Forms: α. Middle English– damage; Middle English–1700s dammage. (1500s dampnage, 1500s–1600s damnage, 1600s damadge). β. Middle English–1600s dommage, Middle English–1600s domage. Etymology: < Old French damage (11th cent. in Littré), also domage , daumage , demage , since 15th cent. dommage = Old Spanish domage , < Old French dam , damage, prejudice, loss (= Provençal dam , Italian danno loss), < Latin damnum loss, hurt, damage + -age suffix. Compare Provençal damnatge and Italian dannatico on Latin type damnāticum. The Middle English form domage, dommage* is after later French; dam(p)nage after medieval Latin. 1. Loss or detriment caused by hurt or injury affecting estate, condition, or circumstances. archaic. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > harm or detriment > [noun] burstc1000 harmOE scatheOE teenOE evil healc1175 waningc1175 hurt?c1225 quede?c1225 balec1275 damage1300 follyc1300 grill13.. ungain13.. torferc1325 eviltyc1330 wem1338 impairment1340 marring1357 unhend1377 sorrowc1380 pairingc1384 pairmentc1384 mischiefc1385 offencec1385 appairment1388 hindering1390 noyinga1398 bresta1400 envya1400 wemminga1400 gremec1400 wilc1400 blemishing1413 lesion?a1425 nocument?a1425 injuryc1430 mischieving1432 hindrance1436 detrimenta1440 ill1470 untroth1470 diversity1484 remordc1485 unhappinessc1485 grudge1491 wriguldy-wrag?1520 danger1530 dishort1535 perishment1540 wreaka1542 emperishment1545 impeachment1548 indemnity1556 impair1568 spoil1572 impeach1575 interestc1575 emblemishing1583 mishap1587 endamagement1593 blemishment1596 mischievance1600 damnificationa1631 oblesion1656 mishanter1754 vitiation1802 mar1876 jeel1887 the mind > goodness and badness > badness or evil > worse > [noun] damage1300 declinea1327 ebbc1400 mischange1561 dotage1606 failancea1627 fallback1830 downgrade1857 slide1884 the mind > possession > loss > [noun] > disadvantage occasioned by missa1225 damage1300 loss1377 disavail1423 misture1563 α. 1292 Britton i. v. §1 En despit et damage de nous et de noster poeple.] 1300 K. Alis. 959 The scoumfyt, and the damage, Feol on heom of Cartage. c1386 G. Chaucer Parson's Tale ⁋383 As moche to oure damage as to oure profit. 1535 Bible (Coverdale) Luke ix. 25 Though he wanne the whole worlde and loseth himself or runneth in dammage of himself. 1609 J. Skene tr. Regiam Majestatem 89 The damnage and skaiths, quhilks he hes susteined by the defender, sall be taxed. 1611 Bible (King James) Dan. vi. 2 That..the king should haue no damage . View more context for this quotation 1778 T. Jones Hoyle's Games Improved 21 You could receive no Damage by playing the King the third Round. 1851 R. Hussey Rise Papal Power ii. 86 The corrupting by bribes of the late Legats..to the damage of S. Peter. 1877 J. D. Chambers Divine Worship Eng. 141 These..Anthems have been wholly omitted, to our great damage. β. 1481 W. Caxton tr. Myrrour of Worlde i. xiv. 45 [It] torneth contrarye to them & to their dommage.1508 Bp. J. Fisher Wks. (1876) 193 The great domage whiche we suffre by the absence of many of them.a1631 J. Donne Βιαθανατος (1647) ii. vi. §5 If a publique profit recompence my private Domage. 2. a. Injury, harm; esp. physical injury to a thing, such as impairs its value or usefulness. ΘΚΠ the world > existence and causation > creation > destruction > damage > [noun] harmOE tinsela1340 damagec1374 offensiona1382 pairmentc1384 wrongc1384 offencec1385 wrackc1407 lesion?a1425 ruin1467 prejudicec1485 domager1502 qualm1513 jacture1515 imblemishment1529 perishment1540 impeachment1548 blame1549 dommagie1556 execution1581 damagement1603 sufferancea1616 stroy1682 murder1809 punishment1839 c1374 G. Chaucer tr. Boethius De Consol. Philos. i. v. 25 Þou hast wepen for þe damage [1560 dommage] of þi renoune þat is appaired. 1430 J. Lydgate tr. Hist. Troy i. vi He was enoynted with an oyntment On his body that kept him from damage. c1440 Promptorium Parvulorum 113 Damage, or harme, dampnum. 1577 H. I. tr. H. Bullinger 50 Godlie Serm. sig. ¶.vii^v He..suffered all the damages of the bodie. 1637 G. Gillespie Dispute against Eng.-Popish Ceremonies ii. ix. 50 His answere bringeth great damnage to his owne cause. 1639 T. de Gray Compl. Horseman i. ii. 9 Lest in foling, the colt receive domage. 1719 D. Defoe Farther Adventures Robinson Crusoe 36 She was leaky, and had Damage in her Hold. 1869 W. F. Hook Lives Archbps. II. ii. 94 To repair the damage done to the monastery. b. (with a and plural) A loss, an injury. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > harm or detriment > harm, injury, or wrong > [noun] loathc900 harmOE teenOE griefc1330 injurec1374 injuryc1384 truitc1390 spitea1400 wrethec1400 supprise1442 trouble1463 damage1470 objectionc1475 interess1489 tort1532 mishanter1754 1470–85 T. Malory Morte d'Arthur i. xv Kyng Lott made grete dool for his dommagis & his felawes. 1577 R. Holinshed Hist. Scotl. 272/2 in Chron. I The dommages and skathes committed by theeues and robbers. 1593 T. W. Tears of Fancie xxiv, in Poems (1870) 190 That I..brought faire beauty to so fowle a domage. 1600 J. Pory tr. J. Leo Africanus Geogr. Hist. Afr. ii. 55 They paid the said owners for all dammages committed. 1771 O. Goldsmith Hist. Eng. I. 79 Repairing the damages which the kingdom had sustained by war. †3. a. A disadvantage, inconvenience, trouble. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > harm or detriment > disadvantage > [noun] > a disadvantage damage1398 disadvantagec1425 afterdeal1481 disprofit?1555 where the shoe pinches?a1580 drawbacka1640 negative1702 take-off1797 letdown1840 disamenity1864 handicap1872 back-draw1883 disbenefit1968 1398 J. Trevisa tr. Bartholomew de Glanville De Proprietatibus Rerum vi. i. (Tollem. MS.) Age haþ with him many damagis. 1637 R. Humfrey tr. St. Ambrose Christian Offices i. 15 They hold profit to consist in the goods secular, wee reckon these for dammages. 1723 D. Defoe Hist. Col. Jack (ed. 2) 39 'Tis an unspeakable Damage to him for want of his Money. b. A matter for regret, a misfortune, ‘a pity’. ΘΚΠ the mind > emotion > suffering > regret > [noun] > a matter for regret scathec1300 sinc1300 pityc1325 damagec1385 spitec1400 pity?c1450 remorse1548 tragedy1873 c1385 G. Chaucer Legend Good Women Cleopatra. 578 And of his deth it was ful gret damage. 1490 Caxton's Blanchardyn & Eglantine (1962) xxii. 74 It were domage yf suche a lady..sholde perysshe. 1524 R. Copland tr. J. de Bourbon Syege Cyte of Rodes in Begynnynge Ordre Knyghtes Hospytallers sig. Cv^v Syr Fraunceys de Frenolz..it was grete domage of his dethe for he was a worthy man. 1612 T. Shelton tr. M. de Cervantes Don-Quixote: Pt. 1 i. iv. 25 The Damage is..that I have no money here about me. 4. Law. (Now always in plural) The value, estimated in money, of something lost or withheld; the sum of money claimed or adjudged to be paid in compensation for loss or injury sustained. ΘΚΠ society > trade and finance > fees and taxes > compensation > [noun] > compensation for damage amends1340 damage1542 interestc1575 indemnity1793 reparation1918 society > law > administration of justice > court proceedings or procedure > action of courts in claims or grievances > claim at law > [noun] > a sum payable in damages damage1542 quantum1602 ad damnuma1754 solatiuma1859 1430 Act 8 Hen. VI c. 9 Le pleyntif recovera ses damages au treble vers le defendant. a1538 T. Starkey Dial. Pole & Lupset (1989) 127 The party condemnyd..schold ever be awardyd to pay costys & al othur dammage cumyng to hys adversary by the reson of the unjust sute & vexatyon.] 1542–3 Act 34 & 35 Hen. VIII c. 27 §36 Actions personall, whereof the dette, and domage amounteth to the summe of fourtie shillinges. 1548 Hall's Vnion: Henry IV f. xxxi For recoueryng of damages for iniuries to them wrongfully done. 1631 in S. R. Gardiner Rep. Cases Star Chamber & High Comm. (1886) 168 He shall therefore pay 500^li to the King and 200^li Dammage to M^r Deane and make recognition of his fault and wrong. 1767 W. Blackstone Comm. Laws Eng. (new ed.) II. 438 When the jury has assessed his damages. 1858 Ld. St. Leonards Handy Bk. Prop. Law ii. 5 An action..for the recovery of damages for breach of contract. 5. slang. Cost, expense. Esp. in what's the damage? how much is there to pay? ΘΚΠ society > trade and finance > management of money > expenditure > [noun] > expenses costningc1275 spense1297 costagesa1325 misesa1325 spenses1377 dispensec1380 expensesc1384 pensiona1387 costsc1390 resaillec1450 chargec1460 charges1514 outgiving1556 disbursement1607 going-outs1607 defalcation1622 outgoing1622 expense1632 outgoa1641 damage1755 outset1755 expenditure1791 outspend1859 ex1864 paid-out1883 outs1884 x's1894 1755 Connoisseur No. 68. ⁋10 ‘There’, says he, ‘there's your damage—thirteen and two-pence.’ 1812 Ld. Byron Wks. (1832) II. 179 I must pay the damage, and will thank you to tell me the amount of the engraving. 1829 J. Hunter Hallamshire Gloss. 29 ‘What is the damage?’ This expression is equivalent to ‘What expence have I incurred?’ ‘What must I pay?’ 1852 H. B. Stowe Uncle Tom's Cabin I. xiv. 216 What's the damage, as they say in Kentucky..what's to be paid out for this business? 1855 C. Dickens Let. 21 Oct. (1993) VII. 724 Excellent stowage for the whole family... Damage for the whole, 700 francs a month. 1875 J. G. Holland Sevenoaks xxii. 303 What's the damage for the sort o' thing ye're drivin' at this morning? 1888 A. C. Gunter Mr. Potter xi ‘What's the damage?’ ‘Damage?’ echoes Lubbins, not understanding this Americanism. ‘Yes, how much do I owe?’ 6. Apparently used for danger n. ΚΠ 1464 in T. Stapleton Plumpton Corr. (1839) 13 Now you bee utterly out of his dammage. Compounds attributive and in other combinations. damage control n. (the exercise of) measures to minimize or control the effect of damage caused by an accident, etc., esp. to a ship; also figurative. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > safety > [noun] > making safe > damage control damage control1959 damage limitation1963 1938 Engineering 22 July 116/3 The problem also requires study from a damage stability viewpoint.] 1959 Chambers's Encycl. IV. 356/2 Damage control, the principles by which a certain degree of control may be exercised over the stability and buoyancy of a ship which has received serious underwater damage. 1982 W. Safire in N.Y. Times Mag. 26 Sept. 12 Whenever anybody in politics or corporate life goofs.., the people who race to minimize the reaction..are said to be engaged in damage control. damage limitation n. the action or process of restricting damage caused by an accident, error, etc., or of attempting to do this, esp. in political and military contexts; hence damage-limiting adj. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > safety > [noun] > making safe > damage control damage control1959 damage limitation1963 the world > action or operation > safety > [adjective] > making safe > specific damage-limiting1963 1962 R. S. McNamara in Vital Speeches 1 Mar. 297/2 We may be able to use our retaliatory forces to limit damage done to ourselves, and our allies, by knocking out the enemy's bases before he has had time to launch his second salvos.] 1963 R. S. McNamara in Vital Speeches 1 Dec. 116/1 The damage-limiting capability of our numerically superior forces is, I believe, well worth its incremental cost. 1965 H. Kahn On Escalation viii. 153 ‘Damage limitation’ is current jargon for capabilities and tactics that attempt to limit damage if deterrence fails and war breaks out. 1965 H. Kahn On Escalation viii. 153 The United States can buy a very important increment in damage-limiting capability. 1977 Economist 26 Feb. 22/3 Whitehall is mesmerised by a phrase worthy of the Nixon White House, ‘damage limitation’ (i.e., aiming for nothing while hoping to give away as little as possible). 1987 Economist 17 Jan. 39/3 The damage limitation after the Reykjavik summit, brilliantly managed by the White House staff, went down the plug hole in the flood of post-Iran doubts. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1894; most recently modified version published online March 2022). damagev. Forms: see the noun. Etymology: < Old French damagier, -er, domager, < damage : see damage n.Previous versions of the OED give the stress as: ˈdamage. 1. transitive. To do or cause damage to; to hurt, harm, injure; now commonly to injure (a thing) so as to lessen or destroy its value. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > harm or detriment > cause or effect (harm) [verb (transitive)] > do harm or injury to werdec725 wema1000 evilc1000 harmc1000 hinderc1000 teenOE scathec1175 illc1220 to wait (one) scathec1275 to have (…) wrong1303 annoya1325 grievec1330 wrong1390 to do violence to (also unto)a1393 mischievea1393 damagea1400 annulc1425 trespass1427 mischief1437 poisonc1450 injurea1492 damnify1512 prejudge1531 misfease1571 indemnify1583 bane1601 debauch1633 lese1678 empoison1780 misguggle1814 nobble1860 strafe1915 to dick up1951 the mind > goodness and badness > harmfulness > [verb (transitive)] > to person or thing werdec725 wemc900 forworkOE evilc1000 teenOE grievec1230 misdoc1230 mischievec1325 shond1338 endamagec1374 unrighta1393 damagea1400 disvail14.. disavail1429 mischief1437 outrayc1440 prejudice1447 abuse?1473 injuryc1484 danger1488 prejudicate1553 damnify?a1562 wrack1562 inviolate1569 mislestc1573 indemnify1583 qualify1584 interess1587 buse1589 violence1592 injure1597 bane1601 envya1625 prejudiciala1637 founder1655 the world > existence and causation > creation > destruction > damage > damage or injure [verb (transitive)] mareOE shendOE hinderc1000 amarOE awemc1275 noyc1300 touchc1300 bleche1340 blemisha1375 spill1377 misdoa1387 grieve1390 damagea1400 despoil?a1400 matea1400 snapea1400 mankc1400 overthrowa1425 tamec1430 undermine1430 blunder1440 depaira1460 adommage?1473 endamage1477 prejudicec1487 fulyie1488 martyra1500 dyscrase?1504 corrupt1526 mangle1534 danger1538 destroy1542 spoil1563 ruinate1564 ruin1567 wrake1570 injury1579 bane1587 massacre1589 ravish1594 wrong1595 rifle1604 tainta1616 mutilea1618 to do violence toa1625 flaw1665 stun1676 quail1682 maul1694 moil1698 damnify1712 margullie1721 maul1782 buga1790 mux1806 queer1818 batter1840 puckeroo1840 rim-rack1841 pretty1868 garbage1899 savage1899 to do in1905 strafe1915 mash1924 blow1943 nuke1967 mung1969 a1400 [implied in: Childh. Jesus 1344 (Mätz.) Of þe liones he made a semblingue bifore heom withoute damagingue. (at damaging n.)]. 1477 Earl Rivers tr. Dictes or Sayengis Philosophhres (Caxton) (1877) lf. 53^v A king in his kyngdome may be dommaged and hurte, and specially be fyue thinges. 1548 Hall's Vnion: Henry V f. lvi The Englishmen studied all the waies possible to damage their enemies, some shot arrowes, some cast stones. 1597 W. Shakespeare Richard III iv. ii. 61 To stop all hopes whose growth may damadge me. View more context for this quotation a1674 Clarendon's Hist. Rebellion III. 459 (R.) He..gave him a broadside, with which he..damaged the ship. 1794 Ld. Nelson in Dispatches & Lett. (1844) I. 492 Not any notice having been taken..of my eye being damaged. a1859 T. B. Macaulay Hist. Eng. (1861) V. 130 He missed no opportunity of thwarting and damaging the Government. 1892 Laws Times' Rep. LXVII. 251/1 The Merchant Prince..ran into and damaged the Catalonia. 2. intransitive. To suffer damage or injury. rare. ΘΚΠ the world > existence and causation > creation > destruction > damage > [verb (intransitive)] > be damaged to do for ——a1475 suffer1609 damnify1712 damage1821 injure1848 1821 J. Clare Village Minstrel I. 37 Her Sunday clothes might damage with the dew. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1894; most recently modified version published online December 2021). < n.1300v.a1400
随便看	way of the rounds way of thinking way off way out way out sign way pane way passenger way place way port way round way station way stop way thistle way to go way traffic way train way travel way up way's end way-beaten way-beater way-beguiling way-bewildered way-bill system way-bit