† dankn.

Forms: see adj.

Etymology: apparently < dank adj.

Obsolete.

1. Wetness, humidity, damp.

ΘΚΠ

the world > matter > liquid > moisture or humidity > [noun]

wetc888

wetec897

wetnessc950

wekea1300

wokeness1340

moistc1387

moistnessc1390

moisturec1390

dank?a1400

humidity1412

wakc1485

waknessc1520

aquosity1528

weakinessa1642

succity1646

fogginess1674

damp1706

?a1400 Morte Arth. 3751 One þe danke of þe dewe many dede lyggys.

1602 J. Marston Antonios Reuenge Prol. sig. A2 The rawish danke of clumzie winter ramps The fluent summers vaine. [Cf. clumsy adj.]

2. A wet place, pool, marsh, mere.

ΘΚΠ

the world > the earth > land > landscape > marsh, bog, or swamp > [noun]

marsheOE

fenc888

sladec893

moorOE

mossOE

marshlandlOE

lay-fena1225

lay-mirea1225

moor-fenc1275

flosha1300

strother?a1300

marish1327

carrc1330

waterlanda1382

gaseync1400

quaba1425

paludec1425

mersec1440

sumpa1450

palus?1473

wash1483

morass1489

oozea1500

bog?a1513

danka1522

fell1538

soga1552

Camarine1576

gog1583

swale1584

sink1594

haga1600

mere1609

flata1616

swamp1624

pocosin1634

frogland1651

slash1652

poldera1669

savannah1671

pond-land1686

red bog1686

swang1691

slack1719

flowa1740

wetland1743

purgatory1760

curragh1780

squall1784

marais1793

vlei1793

muskeg1806

bog-pit1820

prairie1820

fenhood1834

pakihi1851

terai1852

sponge1856

takyr1864

boglet1869

sinkhole1885

grimpen1902

sphagnum bog1911

blanket bog1939

string bog1959

the world > the earth > water > lake > pool > [noun]

pooleOE

seathc950

lakea1000

flosha1300

stanga1300

weira1300

water poolc1325

carrc1330

stamp1338

stank1338

ponda1387

flashc1440

stagnec1470

peel?a1500

sole15..

danka1522

linn1577

sound1581

flake1598

still1681

slew1708

splash1760

watering hole1776

vlei1793

jheel1805

slougha1817

sipe1825

a1522 G. Douglas in tr. Virgil Æneid (1959) vii. Prol. 60 Bedowyn in donkis deip was euery sike.

1575 J. Rolland Treat. Court Venus i. f. 1 Eolus out ouir thir rokkis rang, Be donk and daill.

1667 J. Milton Paradise Lost vii. 441 Yet oft they quit The Dank, and rising on stiff Pennons, towre The mid Aereal Skie.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1894; most recently modified version published online March 2021).

dankadj.

Brit.

/daŋk/, U.S.

/dæŋk/

Forms: Middle English dannke, Middle English–1600s danke, 1500s dancke, 1500s– dank; also 1500s donk, 1600s donke, 1700s–1800s dialect donk.

Etymology: The adjective and noun are known from c1400, the verb (which we should expect to be formed from the adjective) appears nearly a century earlier; the early quots. for both verb and adjective refer to dew. The etymology is uncertain. The only words allied in form, and possibly in sense, are Swedish dank ‘moist place in a field, marshy spot’, Icelandic dökk (: -danku-) pit, pool. These must evidently be separated from the Germanic stem dink-, dank-, dunk-, whence Old Norse dökkr dark, German dunkel. There is no original connection, either of form or sense, between dank and damp, but in recent times damp has acquired the sense of dank and largely taken its place.

†1. Wet, watery, wetting:

a. said of dew, rain, clouds, water, etc. Obsolete.

ΘΠ

the world > matter > liquid > moisture or humidity > [adjective]

wetc888

dank?a1400

the world > matter > liquid > condition of being or making wet > [adjective]

wetc900

moisty1386

nesha1387

dank?a1400

watery?a1439

sappy?a1500

dankish1540

spongy1600

sluiced1607

madid1615

humidious1630

uvid1656

madent1727

muggy1731

sockya1825

suckeny1878

?a1400 Morte Arth. 313 Þe dewe þat es dannke, whene þat it doune falles.

a1522 G. Douglas tr. Virgil Æneid (1957) iii. ix. 3 Aurora the wak nycht dyd..chayss fra hevyn with hir dym skyis donk.

c1540 (?a1400) Destr. Troy 2368 Dropis as dew or a danke rayne.

c1550 Complaynt Scotl. (1979) vi. 30 The drops of the fresche deu quhilk of befor hed maid dikis & dailis verray donc.

1601 J. Weever Mirror of Martyrs sig. Bij Fruits..Which the danke moisture of the ayre doth cherish.

b. said of marshes, fens, soaking ground, humid tropical forests, and the like.

ΘΠ

the world > matter > liquid > condition of being or making wet > [adjective] > of marshes, forests, etc.

dank1735

1667 J. Milton Paradise Lost ix. 179 Through each Thicket Danck or Drie. ]

1735 W. Somervile Chace i. 340 O'er the dank Marsh, bleak Hill, and sandy Plain.

1799 Scotland described (ed. 2) 14 A pool in the midst of a wide, dead, and dank morass.

1851 F. Palgrave Hist. Normandy & Eng. I. 163 On the dank marshy shores of the oozy Yare.

1857 S. Osborn Quedah xxiv. 351 In those dank and hot forests reptiles abound.

2. Damp: with the connotation that this is an injurious or disagreeable quality.

a. of fog, vapour, the air, weather, etc.

ΘΠ

the world > matter > liquid > condition of being or making wet > condition of being slightly wet > [adjective] > injuriously > specifically of air or atmosphere

dank1601

1601 J. Marston et al. Iacke Drums Entertainm. v. sig. H3 The euenings rawe and danke, I shall take cold.

1757 J. Dyer Fleece i. 23 Dank, or frosty days.

1785 W. Cowper Task i. 437 Vapours, dank and clammy.

1822 W. Hazlitt Table-talk II. xvii. 390 A dank, cold mist, encircling all objects.

1860 J. Tyndall Glaciers of Alps i. v. 41 Dull dank fog choked the valley.

b. of substances or surfaces.In this sense apparently Obsolete after 1650, except in northern dialect; but revived by the romantic writers in end of 18th cent.

ΘΠ

the world > matter > liquid > condition of being or making wet > condition of being slightly wet > [adjective] > injuriously

dank1573

danky1820

the world > matter > liquid > condition of being or making wet > condition of being slightly wet > [adjective] > of substances or surfaces

dank1573

1573 T. Tusser Fiue Hundreth Points Good Husbandry (new ed.) f. 24^v Dank linge forgot will quickly rot.

1600 W. Shakespeare Midsummer Night's Dream ii. ii. 81 Sleeping sound, On the danke and dirty ground.

1626 F. Bacon Sylua Syluarum §352 In a Cellar or Dank room.

1642 D. Rogers Naaman 618 Oh that our powder were not danke.

1787 F. Grose Provinc. Gloss. Donk, a little wettish, damp. N[orth].

1813 W. Scott Rokeby ii. ix. 67 The dank and sable earth receives Its only carpet from the leaves.

1855 F. K. Robinson Gloss. Yorks. Words 47 ‘As donk as a dungeon.’

1876 H. N. Humphreys Coin Coll. Man. xxvi. 400 Pages of vellum that served as knee-rests to the monks on the dank stone pavements.

3. In 19th cent., often said of rank grass or weeds growing in damp places. [perhaps associated with rank.]

1820 P. B. Shelley Sensitive Plant in Prometheus Unbound 169 And thistles, and nettles, and darnels rank, And the dock, and henbane, and hemlock dank.

1827 J. Keble Christian Year II. li. 1 Here over shatter'd walls dank weeds are growing.

1863 ‘G. Eliot’ Romola I. xviii. 309 That dank luxuriance [of the garden] had begun to penetrate even within the walls of the..room.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1894; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

dankv.

Brit.

/daŋk/, U.S.

/dæŋk/

Forms: Middle English donk(e, Middle English downk(e, Middle English–1500s danke, 1500s dounk, 1600s– dank, 1800s dialect donk.

Etymology: See dank adj.

Obsolete exc. dialect.

†1.

a. transitive. To wet, damp, moisten; originally said of dew, mist, drizzling rain, etc. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > matter > liquid > condition of being or making wet > make wet [verb (transitive)]

weta950

bathec1000

drenchc1230

blotenc1325

danka1350

anointa1375

moista1382

beshed1382

moil?a1425

madefy?1440

arrouse1480

moisturea1500

humect1531

intinct1547

moisten1559

rinse1579

inebriate1610

irrigate1615

slocken1627

irriguate1632

humectate1640

madidate1656

slake1810

a1350 in G. L. Brook Harley Lyrics (1968) 44 Deawes donkeþ þe dounes.

c1540 (?a1400) Destr. Troy 7997 The droupes, as a dew, dankit his fas.

c1540 (?a1400) Destr. Troy 9639 A myste..All donkyt the dales with the dym showris.

1554 D. Lindsay Dialog Experience & Courteour l. 6309 in Wks. (1931) I The dew now dounkis the rossis redolent.

1634 W. Wood New Englands Prospect ii. vii. 73 The water having dank't his pistoles.

b. figurative. To damp (the spirits or aspirations); to depress. dialect in later use.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > emotion > suffering > dejection > make dejected [verb (transitive)]

drearya1300

discomfortc1325

batec1380

to cast downa1382

to throw downa1382

dullc1386

faintc1386

discomfita1425

discourage1436

sinkc1440

mischeera1450

discheerc1454

amatea1500

bedowa1522

damp1548

quail1548

dash1550

exanimate1552

afflict1561

dank1565

disanimate1565

sadden1565

languish1566

deject1581

dumpc1585

unheart1593

mope1596

chill1597

sour1600

disgallant1601

disheart1603

dishearten1606

fainten1620

depress1624

sullen1628

tristitiate1628

disliven1631

dampen1633

weigh1640

out-spirit1643

dispirit1647

flat1649

funeralize1654

hearta1658

disencourage1659

attrist1680

flatten1683

dismalizec1735

blue-devil1812

out-heart1845

downweigh1851

to get down1861

frigidize1868

languor1891

downcast1914

neg1987

1565 Abp. M. Parker Let. 7 Apr. in Corr. (1853) (modernized text) 237 I am..not amazed nor danked.

?1567 M. Parker Whole Psalter viii. 14 Thy foes to blanke: their threates to danke.

1864 S. Bamford Homely Rhymes 135 [Lanc. Gloss.] Put th' Kurn-bill i' the divel's hous 'At it no moor may dank us.

†2.

a. intransitive. To become damp. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > matter > liquid > condition of being or making wet > condition of being slightly wet > be or become slightly wet [verb (intransitive)] > become slightly wet

undryc1440

dank1590

dew1658

dampen1686

moisten1755

bemoisten1821

1590 J. Smythe Certain Disc. Weapons 21 The ayre of some moyst weather hath..caused the powder to give and danke.

b. To be a fine rain or mist; to drizzle. dialect.

ΚΠ

1866 Gentleman's Mag. New Ser. 1 546 They have a peculiar expression in Lancashire, to convey the description of a hazy showery day: ‘it donkes and it dozzles’.

1869 J. C. Atkinson Peacock's Gloss. Dial. Hundred of Lonsdale (at cited word) ‘It donks and it dozzles’ = It damps and drizzles.

Derivatives

ˈdanking n. and adj.

ΘΚΠ

the world > matter > liquid > condition of being or making wet > condition of being slightly wet > [noun] > action or process of making

danking?a1400

rigation1631

humification1651

the world > matter > liquid > condition of being or making wet > condition of being slightly wet > [adjective] > slightly wetting

danking?a1400

undrying?1541

damping1607

humecting1612

unparching1648

dampening1814

?a1400 Morte Arth. 3248 Was thare no downkynge of dewe that oghte dere scholde.

c1400 (?c1390) Sir Gawain & Green Knight (1940) l. 519 When þe donkande dewe dropeȝ of þe leueȝ.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1894; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

n.?a1400

adj.?a1400

v.a1350

单词	dank
释义	† dankn. Forms: see adj. Etymology: apparently < dank adj. Obsolete. 1. Wetness, humidity, damp. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > liquid > moisture or humidity > [noun] wetc888 wetec897 wetnessc950 wekea1300 wokeness1340 moistc1387 moistnessc1390 moisturec1390 dank?a1400 humidity1412 wakc1485 waknessc1520 aquosity1528 weakinessa1642 succity1646 fogginess1674 damp1706 ?a1400 Morte Arth. 3751 One þe danke of þe dewe many dede lyggys. 1602 J. Marston Antonios Reuenge Prol. sig. A2 The rawish danke of clumzie winter ramps The fluent summers vaine. [Cf. clumsy adj.] 2. A wet place, pool, marsh, mere. ΘΚΠ the world > the earth > land > landscape > marsh, bog, or swamp > [noun] marsheOE fenc888 sladec893 moorOE mossOE marshlandlOE lay-fena1225 lay-mirea1225 moor-fenc1275 flosha1300 strother?a1300 marish1327 carrc1330 waterlanda1382 gaseync1400 quaba1425 paludec1425 mersec1440 sumpa1450 palus?1473 wash1483 morass1489 oozea1500 bog?a1513 danka1522 fell1538 soga1552 Camarine1576 gog1583 swale1584 sink1594 haga1600 mere1609 flata1616 swamp1624 pocosin1634 frogland1651 slash1652 poldera1669 savannah1671 pond-land1686 red bog1686 swang1691 slack1719 flowa1740 wetland1743 purgatory1760 curragh1780 squall1784 marais1793 vlei1793 muskeg1806 bog-pit1820 prairie1820 fenhood1834 pakihi1851 terai1852 sponge1856 takyr1864 boglet1869 sinkhole1885 grimpen1902 sphagnum bog1911 blanket bog1939 string bog1959 the world > the earth > water > lake > pool > [noun] pooleOE seathc950 lakea1000 flosha1300 stanga1300 weira1300 water poolc1325 carrc1330 stamp1338 stank1338 ponda1387 flashc1440 stagnec1470 peel?a1500 sole15.. danka1522 linn1577 sound1581 flake1598 still1681 slew1708 splash1760 watering hole1776 vlei1793 jheel1805 slougha1817 sipe1825 a1522 G. Douglas in tr. Virgil Æneid (1959) vii. Prol. 60 Bedowyn in donkis deip was euery sike. 1575 J. Rolland Treat. Court Venus i. f. 1 Eolus out ouir thir rokkis rang, Be donk and daill. 1667 J. Milton Paradise Lost vii. 441 Yet oft they quit The Dank, and rising on stiff Pennons, towre The mid Aereal Skie. View more context for this quotation This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1894; most recently modified version published online March 2021). dankadj. Brit. /daŋk/, U.S. /dæŋk/ Forms: Middle English dannke, Middle English–1600s danke, 1500s dancke, 1500s– dank; also 1500s donk, 1600s donke, 1700s–1800s dialect donk. Etymology: The adjective and noun are known from c1400, the verb (which we should expect to be formed from the adjective) appears nearly a century earlier; the early quots. for both verb and adjective refer to dew. The etymology is uncertain. The only words allied in form, and possibly in sense, are Swedish dank ‘moist place in a field, marshy spot’, Icelandic dökk (: -danku-) pit, pool. These must evidently be separated from the Germanic stem dink-, dank-, dunk-, whence Old Norse dökkr dark, German dunkel. There is no original connection, either of form or sense, between dank and damp, but in recent times damp has acquired the sense of dank and largely taken its place. †1. Wet, watery, wetting: a. said of dew, rain, clouds, water, etc. Obsolete. ΘΠ the world > matter > liquid > moisture or humidity > [adjective] wetc888 dank?a1400 the world > matter > liquid > condition of being or making wet > [adjective] wetc900 moisty1386 nesha1387 dank?a1400 watery?a1439 sappy?a1500 dankish1540 spongy1600 sluiced1607 madid1615 humidious1630 uvid1656 madent1727 muggy1731 sockya1825 suckeny1878 ?a1400 Morte Arth. 313 Þe dewe þat es dannke, whene þat it doune falles. a1522 G. Douglas tr. Virgil Æneid (1957) iii. ix. 3 Aurora the wak nycht dyd..chayss fra hevyn with hir dym skyis donk. c1540 (?a1400) Destr. Troy 2368 Dropis as dew or a danke rayne. c1550 Complaynt Scotl. (1979) vi. 30 The drops of the fresche deu quhilk of befor hed maid dikis & dailis verray donc. 1601 J. Weever Mirror of Martyrs sig. Bij Fruits..Which the danke moisture of the ayre doth cherish. b. said of marshes, fens, soaking ground, humid tropical forests, and the like. ΘΠ the world > matter > liquid > condition of being or making wet > [adjective] > of marshes, forests, etc. dank1735 1667 J. Milton Paradise Lost ix. 179 Through each Thicket Danck or Drie. View more context for this quotation] 1735 W. Somervile Chace i. 340 O'er the dank Marsh, bleak Hill, and sandy Plain. 1799 Scotland described (ed. 2) 14 A pool in the midst of a wide, dead, and dank morass. 1851 F. Palgrave Hist. Normandy & Eng. I. 163 On the dank marshy shores of the oozy Yare. 1857 S. Osborn Quedah xxiv. 351 In those dank and hot forests reptiles abound. 2. Damp: with the connotation that this is an injurious or disagreeable quality. a. of fog, vapour, the air, weather, etc. ΘΠ the world > matter > liquid > condition of being or making wet > condition of being slightly wet > [adjective] > injuriously > specifically of air or atmosphere dank1601 1601 J. Marston et al. Iacke Drums Entertainm. v. sig. H3 The euenings rawe and danke, I shall take cold. 1757 J. Dyer Fleece i. 23 Dank, or frosty days. 1785 W. Cowper Task i. 437 Vapours, dank and clammy. 1822 W. Hazlitt Table-talk II. xvii. 390 A dank, cold mist, encircling all objects. 1860 J. Tyndall Glaciers of Alps i. v. 41 Dull dank fog choked the valley. b. of substances or surfaces.In this sense apparently Obsolete after 1650, except in northern dialect; but revived by the romantic writers in end of 18th cent. ΘΠ the world > matter > liquid > condition of being or making wet > condition of being slightly wet > [adjective] > injuriously dank1573 danky1820 the world > matter > liquid > condition of being or making wet > condition of being slightly wet > [adjective] > of substances or surfaces dank1573 1573 T. Tusser Fiue Hundreth Points Good Husbandry (new ed.) f. 24^v Dank linge forgot will quickly rot. 1600 W. Shakespeare Midsummer Night's Dream ii. ii. 81 Sleeping sound, On the danke and dirty ground. View more context for this quotation 1626 F. Bacon Sylua Syluarum §352 In a Cellar or Dank room. 1642 D. Rogers Naaman 618 Oh that our powder were not danke. 1787 F. Grose Provinc. Gloss. Donk, a little wettish, damp. N[orth]. 1813 W. Scott Rokeby ii. ix. 67 The dank and sable earth receives Its only carpet from the leaves. 1855 F. K. Robinson Gloss. Yorks. Words 47 ‘As donk as a dungeon.’ 1876 H. N. Humphreys Coin Coll. Man. xxvi. 400 Pages of vellum that served as knee-rests to the monks on the dank stone pavements. 3. In 19th cent., often said of rank grass or weeds growing in damp places. [perhaps associated with rank.] Π 1820 P. B. Shelley Sensitive Plant in Prometheus Unbound 169 And thistles, and nettles, and darnels rank, And the dock, and henbane, and hemlock dank. 1827 J. Keble Christian Year II. li. 1 Here over shatter'd walls dank weeds are growing. 1863 ‘G. Eliot’ Romola I. xviii. 309 That dank luxuriance [of the garden] had begun to penetrate even within the walls of the..room. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1894; most recently modified version published online March 2022). dankv. Brit. /daŋk/, U.S. /dæŋk/ Forms: Middle English donk(e, Middle English downk(e, Middle English–1500s danke, 1500s dounk, 1600s– dank, 1800s dialect donk. Etymology: See dank adj. Obsolete exc. dialect. †1. a. transitive. To wet, damp, moisten; originally said of dew, mist, drizzling rain, etc. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > liquid > condition of being or making wet > make wet [verb (transitive)] weta950 bathec1000 drenchc1230 blotenc1325 danka1350 anointa1375 moista1382 beshed1382 moil?a1425 madefy?1440 arrouse1480 moisturea1500 humect1531 intinct1547 moisten1559 rinse1579 inebriate1610 irrigate1615 slocken1627 irriguate1632 humectate1640 madidate1656 slake1810 a1350 in G. L. Brook Harley Lyrics (1968) 44 Deawes donkeþ þe dounes. c1540 (?a1400) Destr. Troy 7997 The droupes, as a dew, dankit his fas. c1540 (?a1400) Destr. Troy 9639 A myste..All donkyt the dales with the dym showris. 1554 D. Lindsay Dialog Experience & Courteour l. 6309 in Wks. (1931) I The dew now dounkis the rossis redolent. 1634 W. Wood New Englands Prospect ii. vii. 73 The water having dank't his pistoles. b. figurative. To damp (the spirits or aspirations); to depress. dialect in later use. ΘΚΠ the mind > emotion > suffering > dejection > make dejected [verb (transitive)] drearya1300 discomfortc1325 batec1380 to cast downa1382 to throw downa1382 dullc1386 faintc1386 discomfita1425 discourage1436 sinkc1440 mischeera1450 discheerc1454 amatea1500 bedowa1522 damp1548 quail1548 dash1550 exanimate1552 afflict1561 dank1565 disanimate1565 sadden1565 languish1566 deject1581 dumpc1585 unheart1593 mope1596 chill1597 sour1600 disgallant1601 disheart1603 dishearten1606 fainten1620 depress1624 sullen1628 tristitiate1628 disliven1631 dampen1633 weigh1640 out-spirit1643 dispirit1647 flat1649 funeralize1654 hearta1658 disencourage1659 attrist1680 flatten1683 dismalizec1735 blue-devil1812 out-heart1845 downweigh1851 to get down1861 frigidize1868 languor1891 downcast1914 neg1987 1565 Abp. M. Parker Let. 7 Apr. in Corr. (1853) (modernized text) 237 I am..not amazed nor danked. ?1567 M. Parker Whole Psalter viii. 14 Thy foes to blanke: their threates to danke. 1864 S. Bamford Homely Rhymes 135 [Lanc. Gloss.] Put th' Kurn-bill i' the divel's hous 'At it no moor may dank us. †2. a. intransitive. To become damp. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > liquid > condition of being or making wet > condition of being slightly wet > be or become slightly wet [verb (intransitive)] > become slightly wet undryc1440 dank1590 dew1658 dampen1686 moisten1755 bemoisten1821 1590 J. Smythe Certain Disc. Weapons 21 The ayre of some moyst weather hath..caused the powder to give and danke. b. To be a fine rain or mist; to drizzle. dialect. ΚΠ 1866 Gentleman's Mag. New Ser. 1 546 They have a peculiar expression in Lancashire, to convey the description of a hazy showery day: ‘it donkes and it dozzles’. 1869 J. C. Atkinson Peacock's Gloss. Dial. Hundred of Lonsdale (at cited word) ‘It donks and it dozzles’ = It damps and drizzles. Derivatives ˈdanking n. and adj. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > liquid > condition of being or making wet > condition of being slightly wet > [noun] > action or process of making danking?a1400 rigation1631 humification1651 the world > matter > liquid > condition of being or making wet > condition of being slightly wet > [adjective] > slightly wetting danking?a1400 undrying?1541 damping1607 humecting1612 unparching1648 dampening1814 ?a1400 Morte Arth. 3248 Was thare no downkynge of dewe that oghte dere scholde. c1400 (?c1390) Sir Gawain & Green Knight (1940) l. 519 When þe donkande dewe dropeȝ of þe leueȝ. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1894; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.?a1400adj.?a1400v.a1350
随便看	myophan myophone myophore myophoric myophorous myophysical myophysics myopia myopias myopic myopical myopically myopiccer myopiccest myopicer myopicest myopics myopies myopism myoplasm myoplasmic myopolar myops myopses myopsid