aircraftn.

Brit.

/ˈɛːkrɑːft/,

/ˈɛːkraft/, U.S.

/ˈɛrˌkræf(t)/

Inflections: Plural unchanged, (rare) aircrafts.

Origin: Formed within English, by compounding. Etymons: air n.¹, craft n.

Etymology: < air n.¹ + craft n. (compare branch III. at that entry), perhaps after watercraft n. (compare watercraft n. 2). Compare earlier air balloon n. 2, airship n. 1, air vessel n. 3, and later airboat n. 1, airplane n., aeroplane n. 2.The word is often preferred to aeroplane or airplane in official and military contexts:1943 W. S. Churchill Telegram 15 June in Second World War (1952) V. 566 Will you please make the following terminology effective in all British official correspondence: For ‘aeroplane’ the word ‘aircraft’ should be used. With aircraft piracy n. at Compounds 2 compare slightly earlier air piracy n. 2.

Any of various vehicles capable of flight; (originally) a hot-air balloon; an airship (now chiefly historical); (subsequently) an aeroplane or other heavier-than-air machine.The word began to acquire particular reference to aeroplanes after c1910, when these became much more numerous than balloons and airships, a process completed by the time of the Second World War (1939–45): see further S. Stubelius Airship, Aeroplane, Aircraft (1958) 39. The word can be understood, esp. when used in the plural, to include other kinds of heavier-than-air machine, such as helicopters.The earliest aircraft carried only the pilot. Powered aircraft that could take passengers were built from c1919, and freight was carried soon afterwards. Unmanned (pilotless) aircraft were developed from c1946.tug aircraft: see the first element.

ΘΚΠ

society > travel > air or space travel > a means of conveyance through the air > [noun] > an aircraft

air machine1783

aerostat1784

air vessel1824

aircraft1845

aerobat1879

flyer1880

clipper1887

machine1896

avion1898

aerocar1910

society > travel > air or space travel > a means of conveyance through the air > [noun] > an aircraft > collectively

aircraft1909

1845 U.S. Mag. & Democratic Rev. May 475/1 An intellectual railroad or turnpike, air-craft, or water-craft, were an improvement which we have not even the hope of living to see effected.

1849 J. Wise in Sci. Amer. 13 Oct. 27/1 The air craft has but one medium, the water craft has two.

1866 G. A. Townsend Campaigns Non-combatant xi. 117 As all looked agape, the air-craft ‘plunged, and tacked, and veered’, and drifted rapidly towards the Federal lines.

1876 C. B. Mansfield Aerial Navigation 2 Air-craft seems an appropriate term for the whole apparatus, including boat and gas vessel, or car and balloon.

1903 Aeronaut. Jrnl. 7 81/1 His world-famed aircrafts.

1909 Daily Chron. 26 Feb. 1/2 The vast commercial possibilities that the manufacture and world-wide use of air craft offer.

1910 Daily Mail 27 May 6/1 The three types of aircraft—the balloon, the airship, and the aeroplane.

1915 Whitaker's Almanack 465/1 Sixteen German aircraft attempted to fly over the English Channel.

1933 Aeroplane 19 July 124/2 The Air Council will do well to make a note of the fact that the word ‘aircraft’, which they allow their subordinates to use in the limited sense of the word ‘aeroplane’, covers 23 classes of air vehicles.

1936 Discovery Aug. 238/1 Like all mapping cameras it is installed in the aircraft on a mount.

1946 Congress. Digest May 154/2 ‘Drone’ aircraft—they are unmanned, radio controlled.

1965 Ebony May 26/1 Wilks has roamed the coasts of the U.S. in all types of aircraft, including helicopters and Albatrosses (amphibious planes).

1991 N.Y. Rev. Bks. 28 Mar. 47/1 The forestry patrols had a handful of helicopters and aircraft.

2006 Chicago Tribune (Midwest ed.) 12 Mar. i. 12/5 Its small fleet of aircraft..range from giant C-130 cargo planes to eight-seat Gulfstream and Learjet executive jets.

Compounds

C1. General attributive.

ΚΠ

1912 Aeronautics Nov. 365/1 4 machines are under construction at the Royal Aircraft Factory.

1927 Internat. Radiotel. Convent. 54 In the aircraft radio service the expression PAN is used as the urgency signal.

1932 Flight 24 1097/2 A novel addition is about to be made to Naval armament in the shape of an ‘aircraft cruiser’.

1942 O. J. Lissitzyn Internat. Air Transport 430 (heading) Route miles and aircraft miles flown.

1957 Technology Mar. 8/1 In the short space of fifty years the aircraft industry has come a long way.

1977 Lima (Ohio) News 4 June 4/4 Nitric oxide, produced by combustion in aircraft engines.

2006 Review (Rio Tinto) June 21/1 One recent application is in a chemical smoke inhibitor to prevent the spread of toxic fumes in an aircraft fire.

C2.

aircraft carrier n. a large warship which carries and serves as a base for aircraft, and from which they are able to take off and land.

ΘΚΠ

society > travel > travel by water > vessel, ship, or boat > war vessel > [noun] > aircraft carrier

air carrier1915

aircraft carrier1917

carrier1919

bird farm1942

through-deck cruiser1969

1917 J. Leyland Achievement Brit. Navy in World War 37 Almost every kind of vessel employed in naval warfare has been used in one or other of these operations—the battleship, cruise,..aeroplane, aircraft-carrier, [etc.].

1940 E. C. Shepherd Britain's Air Power 12 The latest aircraft carriers can carry many aeroplanes.

1991 Nation (N.Y.) 15 July 131/2 Pilots on aircraft carriers were shown porn movies before they took off on their bombing missions over Iraq.

aircraft-carrying adj. (of a ship) that carries aircraft.

ΚΠ

1919 Times 24 Apr. 6/1 The employment of the small aircraft carriers originated the practice, since largely developed, of carrying aircraft in men-of-war, in lighters, and in special large aircraft-carrying ships.

1925 Jane's All World's Aircraft a. 10a/1 The following are the aircraft-carrying ships owned by the British Navy.

1993 Herald (Glasgow) (Nexis) 14 Oct. 17 The Royal Navy will need to replace several of its larger, aircraft-carrying ships by the end of the century.

aircraft-grade adj. of a quality suitable for use in the construction of aircraft.

ΚΠ

1943 Berkshire County Eagle (Pittsfield, Mass.) 30 Jan. 5/4 The proportion of aircraft grade lumber that can be obtained from Douglas fir lumber is lower than preliminary estimates.

1960 Daily Independent (Monessen, Pa.) 7 June 10 (advt.) Made of strong aircraft grade aluminum.

2001 Automobile Mag. Nov. 104/3 We use only aircraft-grade materials..none of that hardware-store stuff.

aircraft hand n. now historical a low-ranking member of the Royal Air Force who performs general duties; abbreviated A.C.H., Ach; cf. hand n. 14.

ΚΠ

1919 Times 2 Aug. 4/2 Applicable to the following trades and occupations:—Aircraft hand (batman, G., P.T.I., G.I.).

1951 ‘N. Shute’ Round Bend i. 16 I got to know about Syrian and Iraqi and Egyptian aircraft hands.

2004 A. Levy Small Island xxxv. 345 We were both channelled as aircrafthands, known to everyone as erks. Ground crew. Options given were airframes or engines. Frank chose frames so I took engines.

aircraftman n. (also aircraftsman) the lowest non-commissioned rank for a man in the Royal Air Force; abbreviated A.C., A/C.

ΘΚΠ

society > armed hostility > hostilities in the air > airman > [noun] > aircraftman or woman

aircraftman1919

AC1928

erk1928

aircraftwoman1939

plonk1941

ACW1942

1919 Times 8 Mar. 12/4 First-class aircraftsman F. J. Tanswell.

1921 King's Regs. R.A.F. 8 The ranks of Warrant Officers, Non-Commissioned Officers, and men of the Royal Air Force..are as follows..Non-Commissioned Officers. Flight Sergeant. Sergeant. Corporal. Men in the Ranks. Leading Aircraftman. Aircraftman.

1943 C. H. Ward-Jackson It's a Piece of Cake 10 A/C Plonk, Aircraftman 2nd Class.

2006 Evening Post (Nottingham) (Nexis) 5 July 17 Aircraftman Prentice is now posted to II Squadron, RAF Regiment, based at RAF Honington in Suffolk, where he will undergo further training.

aircraft piracy n. U.S. = air piracy n. 2.In quot. 1950: the theft of an aircraft.

ΚΠ

1950 San Mateo (Calif.) Times 12 Apr. 1/3 An airplane was stolen here last night while its pilot and a passenger were eating in the airport cafe. The bold aircraft piracy followed by three days the theft of a 50-foot..boat.

1961 U.S. Statutes at Large 75 466 Whoever commits or attempts to commit aircraft piracy..should be punished by death..or by imprisonment for not less than twenty years.

1979 Amer. Jrnl. Internat. Law 73 685 Appellants were convicted on charges of aircraft piracy resulting in a death, and conspiracy to commit aircraft piracy.

2006 San Francisco Chron. (Nexis) 20 Nov. b6 He was unwilling to spend the rest of his life in prison for aircraft piracy and kidnapping.

aircraft-style adj. of a style associated with or characteristic of aircraft.

ΚΠ

1942 Lima (Ohio) News 1 Jan. Broad fenders..and massive bumpers are the vogue. An aircraft style air scoop is located beneath.

2001 Maritime Reporter & Engin. News Sept. 14/4 This sleek, smooth power catamaran features comfortable, aircraft-style seating and large windows.

aircraftwoman n. (also aircraftswoman) the lowest non-commissioned rank for a woman in the Royal Air Force; abbreviated A.C.W.

ΘΚΠ

society > armed hostility > hostilities in the air > airman > [noun] > aircraftman or woman

aircraftman1919

AC1928

erk1928

aircraftwoman1939

plonk1941

ACW1942

1939 Times 11 Sept. 5/6 Airwomen..will receive 2s. 2d. a day on entering, 2s. 8d. a day when mustered as aircraftwomen first class.

1941 J. A. Hammerton ABC of RAF 53/1 Aircraftwomen 2nd class.

1994 Daily Tel. 26 Aug. 7/7 A romantic friendship with a non-commissioned aircraftswoman might have brought him true love but convention prevented their marriage.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2008; most recently modified version published online December 2021).

单词	aircraft
释义	aircraftn. Brit. /ˈɛːkrɑːft/, /ˈɛːkraft/, U.S. /ˈɛrˌkræf(t)/ Inflections: Plural unchanged, (rare) aircrafts. Origin: Formed within English, by compounding. Etymons: air n.¹, craft n. Etymology: < air n.¹ + craft n. (compare branch III. at that entry), perhaps after watercraft n. (compare watercraft n. 2). Compare earlier air balloon n. 2, airship n. 1, air vessel n. 3, and later airboat n. 1, airplane n., aeroplane n. 2.The word is often preferred to aeroplane or airplane in official and military contexts:1943 W. S. Churchill Telegram 15 June in Second World War (1952) V. 566 Will you please make the following terminology effective in all British official correspondence: For ‘aeroplane’ the word ‘aircraft’ should be used. With aircraft piracy n. at Compounds 2 compare slightly earlier air piracy n. 2. Any of various vehicles capable of flight; (originally) a hot-air balloon; an airship (now chiefly historical); (subsequently) an aeroplane or other heavier-than-air machine.The word began to acquire particular reference to aeroplanes after c1910, when these became much more numerous than balloons and airships, a process completed by the time of the Second World War (1939–45): see further S. Stubelius Airship, Aeroplane, Aircraft (1958) 39. The word can be understood, esp. when used in the plural, to include other kinds of heavier-than-air machine, such as helicopters.The earliest aircraft carried only the pilot. Powered aircraft that could take passengers were built from c1919, and freight was carried soon afterwards. Unmanned (pilotless) aircraft were developed from c1946.tug aircraft: see the first element. ΘΚΠ society > travel > air or space travel > a means of conveyance through the air > [noun] > an aircraft air machine1783 aerostat1784 air vessel1824 aircraft1845 aerobat1879 flyer1880 clipper1887 machine1896 avion1898 aerocar1910 society > travel > air or space travel > a means of conveyance through the air > [noun] > an aircraft > collectively aircraft1909 1845 U.S. Mag. & Democratic Rev. May 475/1 An intellectual railroad or turnpike, air-craft, or water-craft, were an improvement which we have not even the hope of living to see effected. 1849 J. Wise in Sci. Amer. 13 Oct. 27/1 The air craft has but one medium, the water craft has two. 1866 G. A. Townsend Campaigns Non-combatant xi. 117 As all looked agape, the air-craft ‘plunged, and tacked, and veered’, and drifted rapidly towards the Federal lines. 1876 C. B. Mansfield Aerial Navigation 2 Air-craft seems an appropriate term for the whole apparatus, including boat and gas vessel, or car and balloon. 1903 Aeronaut. Jrnl. 7 81/1 His world-famed aircrafts. 1909 Daily Chron. 26 Feb. 1/2 The vast commercial possibilities that the manufacture and world-wide use of air craft offer. 1910 Daily Mail 27 May 6/1 The three types of aircraft—the balloon, the airship, and the aeroplane. 1915 Whitaker's Almanack 465/1 Sixteen German aircraft attempted to fly over the English Channel. 1933 Aeroplane 19 July 124/2 The Air Council will do well to make a note of the fact that the word ‘aircraft’, which they allow their subordinates to use in the limited sense of the word ‘aeroplane’, covers 23 classes of air vehicles. 1936 Discovery Aug. 238/1 Like all mapping cameras it is installed in the aircraft on a mount. 1946 Congress. Digest May 154/2 ‘Drone’ aircraft—they are unmanned, radio controlled. 1965 Ebony May 26/1 Wilks has roamed the coasts of the U.S. in all types of aircraft, including helicopters and Albatrosses (amphibious planes). 1991 N.Y. Rev. Bks. 28 Mar. 47/1 The forestry patrols had a handful of helicopters and aircraft. 2006 Chicago Tribune (Midwest ed.) 12 Mar. i. 12/5 Its small fleet of aircraft..range from giant C-130 cargo planes to eight-seat Gulfstream and Learjet executive jets. Compounds C1. General attributive. ΚΠ 1912 Aeronautics Nov. 365/1 4 machines are under construction at the Royal Aircraft Factory. 1927 Internat. Radiotel. Convent. 54 In the aircraft radio service the expression PAN is used as the urgency signal. 1932 Flight 24 1097/2 A novel addition is about to be made to Naval armament in the shape of an ‘aircraft cruiser’. 1942 O. J. Lissitzyn Internat. Air Transport 430 (heading) Route miles and aircraft miles flown. 1957 Technology Mar. 8/1 In the short space of fifty years the aircraft industry has come a long way. 1977 Lima (Ohio) News 4 June 4/4 Nitric oxide, produced by combustion in aircraft engines. 2006 Review (Rio Tinto) June 21/1 One recent application is in a chemical smoke inhibitor to prevent the spread of toxic fumes in an aircraft fire. C2. aircraft carrier n. a large warship which carries and serves as a base for aircraft, and from which they are able to take off and land. ΘΚΠ society > travel > travel by water > vessel, ship, or boat > war vessel > [noun] > aircraft carrier air carrier1915 aircraft carrier1917 carrier1919 bird farm1942 through-deck cruiser1969 1917 J. Leyland Achievement Brit. Navy in World War 37 Almost every kind of vessel employed in naval warfare has been used in one or other of these operations—the battleship, cruise,..aeroplane, aircraft-carrier, [etc.]. 1940 E. C. Shepherd Britain's Air Power 12 The latest aircraft carriers can carry many aeroplanes. 1991 Nation (N.Y.) 15 July 131/2 Pilots on aircraft carriers were shown porn movies before they took off on their bombing missions over Iraq. aircraft-carrying adj. (of a ship) that carries aircraft. ΚΠ 1919 Times 24 Apr. 6/1 The employment of the small aircraft carriers originated the practice, since largely developed, of carrying aircraft in men-of-war, in lighters, and in special large aircraft-carrying ships. 1925 Jane's All World's Aircraft a. 10a/1 The following are the aircraft-carrying ships owned by the British Navy. 1993 Herald (Glasgow) (Nexis) 14 Oct. 17 The Royal Navy will need to replace several of its larger, aircraft-carrying ships by the end of the century. aircraft-grade adj. of a quality suitable for use in the construction of aircraft. ΚΠ 1943 Berkshire County Eagle (Pittsfield, Mass.) 30 Jan. 5/4 The proportion of aircraft grade lumber that can be obtained from Douglas fir lumber is lower than preliminary estimates. 1960 Daily Independent (Monessen, Pa.) 7 June 10 (advt.) Made of strong aircraft grade aluminum. 2001 Automobile Mag. Nov. 104/3 We use only aircraft-grade materials..none of that hardware-store stuff. aircraft hand n. now historical a low-ranking member of the Royal Air Force who performs general duties; abbreviated A.C.H., Ach; cf. hand n. 14. ΚΠ 1919 Times 2 Aug. 4/2 Applicable to the following trades and occupations:—Aircraft hand (batman, G., P.T.I., G.I.). 1951 ‘N. Shute’ Round Bend i. 16 I got to know about Syrian and Iraqi and Egyptian aircraft hands. 2004 A. Levy Small Island xxxv. 345 We were both channelled as aircrafthands, known to everyone as erks. Ground crew. Options given were airframes or engines. Frank chose frames so I took engines. aircraftman n. (also aircraftsman) the lowest non-commissioned rank for a man in the Royal Air Force; abbreviated A.C., A/C. ΘΚΠ society > armed hostility > hostilities in the air > airman > [noun] > aircraftman or woman aircraftman1919 AC1928 erk1928 aircraftwoman1939 plonk1941 ACW1942 1919 Times 8 Mar. 12/4 First-class aircraftsman F. J. Tanswell. 1921 King's Regs. R.A.F. 8 The ranks of Warrant Officers, Non-Commissioned Officers, and men of the Royal Air Force..are as follows..Non-Commissioned Officers. Flight Sergeant. Sergeant. Corporal. Men in the Ranks. Leading Aircraftman. Aircraftman. 1943 C. H. Ward-Jackson It's a Piece of Cake 10 A/C Plonk, Aircraftman 2nd Class. 2006 Evening Post (Nottingham) (Nexis) 5 July 17 Aircraftman Prentice is now posted to II Squadron, RAF Regiment, based at RAF Honington in Suffolk, where he will undergo further training. aircraft piracy n. U.S. = air piracy n. 2.In quot. 1950: the theft of an aircraft. ΚΠ 1950 San Mateo (Calif.) Times 12 Apr. 1/3 An airplane was stolen here last night while its pilot and a passenger were eating in the airport cafe. The bold aircraft piracy followed by three days the theft of a 50-foot..boat. 1961 U.S. Statutes at Large 75 466 Whoever commits or attempts to commit aircraft piracy..should be punished by death..or by imprisonment for not less than twenty years. 1979 Amer. Jrnl. Internat. Law 73 685 Appellants were convicted on charges of aircraft piracy resulting in a death, and conspiracy to commit aircraft piracy. 2006 San Francisco Chron. (Nexis) 20 Nov. b6 He was unwilling to spend the rest of his life in prison for aircraft piracy and kidnapping. aircraft-style adj. of a style associated with or characteristic of aircraft. ΚΠ 1942 Lima (Ohio) News 1 Jan. Broad fenders..and massive bumpers are the vogue. An aircraft style air scoop is located beneath. 2001 Maritime Reporter & Engin. News Sept. 14/4 This sleek, smooth power catamaran features comfortable, aircraft-style seating and large windows. aircraftwoman n. (also aircraftswoman) the lowest non-commissioned rank for a woman in the Royal Air Force; abbreviated A.C.W. ΘΚΠ society > armed hostility > hostilities in the air > airman > [noun] > aircraftman or woman aircraftman1919 AC1928 erk1928 aircraftwoman1939 plonk1941 ACW1942 1939 Times 11 Sept. 5/6 Airwomen..will receive 2s. 2d. a day on entering, 2s. 8d. a day when mustered as aircraftwomen first class. 1941 J. A. Hammerton ABC of RAF 53/1 Aircraftwomen 2nd class. 1994 Daily Tel. 26 Aug. 7/7 A romantic friendship with a non-commissioned aircraftswoman might have brought him true love but convention prevented their marriage. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2008; most recently modified version published online December 2021). < n.1845
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