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单词 currant
释义

currantn.

Brit. /ˈkʌrənt/, /ˈkʌrn̩t/, U.S. /ˈkərənt/
Forms: α. Middle English ( raysons of) Coraunte, Middle English ( reysyns, etc. of) Corance, Corawnce, Corauns, Corence, Corent, Corons, Corouns, Middle English–1500s Coraunce, 1500s Corans, Corens, 1500s–1600s ( raisins of) Corinth. β. plural (or collective 1500s coraunce, corints, currents, 1500s–1600s currance, currantes, corans, corantes, ( corinthes), 1500s–1700s currans, 1600s currence, currains, currands, corants, corents, corins, corrans, corrands, corrants, (1600s–1800s corinths), 1500s– currants. singular 1500s coren, 1600s corin, coran, curren, current, 1600s–1700s curran, ( corinth, 1700s curan), 1600s– currant.
Etymology: Originally raisins of Corauntz, Anglo-Norman raisins de Corauntz, = French raisins de Corinthe raisins of Corinth; reduced before 1500 to corauntz, coraunce, whence the later corantes, currants, and corans, currence, currans (found in literature to c1750, and still dialect). Some of the 16th cent. herbalists restored the original form Corinth, which has been affected by some writers down to the 19th cent.
1. The raisin or dried fruit prepared from a dwarf seedless variety of grape, grown in the Levant; much used in cookery and confectionery. (Familiarly distinguished from 2 as grocers' currants or shop currants.)
a. raisins of Corauntz n. (also raisins of Corinth, etc.) Obsolete
ΘΠ
the world > food and drink > food > fruit and vegetables > fruit or a fruit > dried fruit > [noun] > raisin > types of raisin
raisins of Corauntz?c1390
small raisinc1485
currantc1503
Malaga raisin1629
muscatel1803
bloom1841
sultana raisin1841
Smyrna1845
Valencia1867
1334 in J. E. T. Rogers Hist. Agric. & Prices (modernized text) II. 545 Raisins de Corauntz.]
?c1390 Form of Cury in Warner Antiq. Culin. 6 Lat it seeth togedre with powdor-fort of gynger..with raysons of Coraunte.
1463 in Manners & Househ. Expenses Eng. (1841) 217 Item, ffor vj. li. reysonys off corawnce, xviij. d.
1471 M. Paston in Paston Lett. & Papers (2004) I. 355 Send me woord qwath price a li. of..reysonys of coranis [Draft MS reads corons].
1562 W. Bullein Bk. Compoundes f. 27 v, in Bulwarke of Defence Take..of Raisons of Corans picked.
1578 H. Lyte tr. R. Dodoens Niewe Herball v. lxxxi. 652 The smal Raysens which are commonly called Corantes, but more rightly Raysens of Corinthe.
1620 T. Venner Via Recta vii. 122 The small Raisins of Corinth, which we commonly call Currants.
b. corauntz, currence, currants, currant, etc.
ΘΠ
the world > food and drink > food > fruit and vegetables > fruit or a fruit > dried fruit > [noun] > raisin > types of raisin
raisins of Corauntz?c1390
small raisinc1485
currantc1503
Malaga raisin1629
muscatel1803
bloom1841
sultana raisin1841
Smyrna1845
Valencia1867
c1503 R. Arnold Chron. f. lxxxixv/1 Coraunce at i d' ob'.
1540 Act 32 Hen. VIII c. 14 Item for a butte of currantes, iii.s. iiii.d.
1578 [see raisins of Corauntz n. at sense 1a].
1582 in R. Hakluyt Princ. Navigations (1599) II. i. 165 The plant that beareth the Coren.
a1616 W. Shakespeare Winter's Tale (1623) iv. iii. 37 Three pound of Sugar, fiue pound of Currence, Rice. View more context for this quotation
1630 R. Norton tr. W. Camden Hist. Princesse Elizabeth ii. 98 Grapes of Corinth, or Currants.
1655 T. Moffett & C. Bennet Healths Improvem. xiii. 118 A prune, a raisen, or a corrin.
1725 W. Broome in A. Pope et al. tr. Homer Odyssey III. xiii. Observ. 285 The chief riches of the Island [Zant] consist in Corinths.
1733 S. Harrison House-keeper's Pocket-bk. i. 3 I suppose you have Currans, Raisons, and Sugars.
1755 J. Wesley Primitive Physick (ed. 5) 48 Breakfast..on Water-gruel with Currants.
1811 J. Pinkerton Petralogy II. 115 A plumb-pudding, composed of flour with raisins and corinths.
1859 W. M. Thackeray Virginians xxxiii Had I not best go out and order raisins and corinths for the wedding-cake?
1860 A. J. Harvey Our Cruise Claymore 271 Of late years the currant has been much more extensively grown in the neighbourhood of Corinth.
2.
a. Transferred to the small round berry of certain species of Ribes ( R. nigrum, R. rubrum) called Black and Red Currants. (The White Currant is a variety of the Red.)These shrubs, natives of Northern Europe, were introduced into English cultivation some time before 1578, when they are mentioned by Lyte as the Black and Red ‘Beyond sea Gooseberry’. They were poplularly believed at first to be the source of the Levantine currant; Lyte calls them ‘Bastarde Currant’, and both Gerarde and Parkinson protested against the error of calling them ‘currants’.
ΘΚΠ
the world > food and drink > food > fruit and vegetables > fruit or a fruit > berry > [noun] > currant
ribes1526
currant1578
Kalamata1871
the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > particular food plant or plant product > particular types of fruit > [noun] > edible berries > currants
St John's berry1561
currant1578
redcurrant1620
squinancy berry1782
garnet-berry1863
blackcurrant1895
1578 H. Lyte tr. R. Dodoens Niewe Herball vi. xx. 683 The first kinde is called..Ribes rubrum; in English Redde Gooseberries, Bastard Corinthes.
1629 J. Parkinson Paradisi in Sole 558 Those berries..usually called red currans are not those currans..that are sold at the Grocers.
1672 N. Grew Anat. Veg. v. 139 Goosberries and Currans.
1682 N. Grew Anat. Plants iv. iii. iv. 186 A White Corin, without taking off the Skin, sheweth not unpleasantly how the Seeds are fastned.
1708 J. Philips Cyder ii. 61 Now will the Corinths, now the rasps supply Delicious draughts.
1799 tr. J. H. Meister Lett. Resid. Eng. 181 Tartlets of raspberries, currants, and gooseberries.
1872 D. Oliver Lessons Elem. Bot. (new ed.) ii. 178 Black and Red Currants belong to the same genus as Gooseberry.
b. The shrub which produces this fruit (more fully currant-bush, currant-tree); also other shrubs of the same genus, as the Flowering Currant, R. sanguineum, a native of North America, cultivated for its deep crimson flowers.
ΘΚΠ
the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > particular food plant or plant product > particular fruit-tree or -plant > [noun] > tree or plant producing edible berries > currant bush
blackcurrant1633
currant-tree1649
currant1665
riberry1670
currant-bush1813
skunk curranta1817
1665–76 J. Rea Flora 223 Corinthes or currans, as they are vulgarly called, are plants well known.
1791 J. Boswell Life Johnson anno 1783 II. 446 Johnson: I would plant a great many currants; the fruit is good.
1866 J. Lindley & T. Moore Treasury Bot. II. 982 R[ibes] sanguineum, the Red-flowered Currant, a native of North America, is..frequently grown in our gardens for ornamental purposes.
3. Applied to various shrubs having fruit (usually edible) resembling that of Ribes.
Π
1866 J. Lindley & T. Moore Treasury Bot. I. 363 Australian Currant, Leucopogon Richei. Indian C., an American name for Symphoricarpus vulgaris. Native C., of Tasmania, a name applied to some species of Coprosma.
1866 J. Lindley & T. Moore Treasury Bot. II. 674 Leptomeria Billardieri is a pretty broom-like shrub..producing greenish-red berries, which are called Native Currants in New South Wales and Victoria; they have a pleasant acid taste..The fruit of another species, L. acerba, is also called Currants in Australia.
1884 W. Miller Dict. Eng. Names Plants W. Indian Currant, Jacquinia armillaris, Beureria havanensis, and B. succulenta... Indian Currant-bush, of Tropical America, the genera Miconia and Clidemia.

Compounds

C1. General attributive.
a. (In sense 1.)
currant-bun n.
Π
1788 E. Picken Poems & Epist. 13 Whangs o' curran-buns an' cheese.
1890 Spectator 19 Apr. 532/1 Currant-buns and plum-puddings.
currant-cake n.
currant-grape n.
Π
1682 G. Wheler Journey into Greece i. 32 We had a present sent to us of Figs, Filberds, and Currant-grapes.
1731 P. Miller Gardeners Dict. I. at Vitis The Corinth Grape, vulgarly called the Currant Grape: Is an early Ripener.
currant loaf n.
Π
1922 W. G. R. Francillon Good Cookery (ed. 2) xxi. 385 Currant loaf... Cream the yeast. Add some of the milk... Beat in the butter, sugar, fruits and egg.
1933 L. G. D. Acland in Press (Christchurch, N.Z.) 16 Sept. 15/7 Brownie. Bread baked with currants and sugar..called..now, usually, currant loaf.
currant-vine n.
Π
1877 Encycl. Brit. VI. 715/1 In the Ionian Islands the currant-vine is grown on the sides of the lower hills.
b. (In sense 2.)
currant-bush n. (see also 3).
ΘΚΠ
the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > particular food plant or plant product > particular fruit-tree or -plant > [noun] > tree or plant producing edible berries > currant bush
blackcurrant1633
currant-tree1649
currant1665
riberry1670
currant-bush1813
skunk curranta1817
1813 J. Forbes Oriental Mem. II. xxv. 405 The cotton shrub..in verdure resembles the currant-bush.
currant-jelly n.
currant-tree n.
ΘΚΠ
the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > particular food plant or plant product > particular fruit-tree or -plant > [noun] > tree or plant producing edible berries > currant bush
blackcurrant1633
currant-tree1649
currant1665
riberry1670
currant-bush1813
skunk curranta1817
1649 Surv. Manor Wimbledon in Archæol. X. 424 The borders of which grass plots are coran trees.
1731 G. Medley tr. P. Kolb Present State Cape Good-Hope II. 263 The Stem and Leaves of these shrubs are much like those of Corinth trees.
currant-wine n.
Π
a1665 K. Digby Closet Opened (1669) 113 Currants-Wine. Take a pound of the best currants.
1850 C. M. Yonge Langley School xxvii. 249 They each had a glass of currant wine.
C2.
currant-borer n.
ΘΚΠ
the world > animals > invertebrates > phylum Arthropoda > class Insecta > Heterocera > [noun] > family Aegeridae > member of family Aegeridae > aegeria tipuliformis (currant-borer)
currant-borer1867
1867 A. S. Packard in Amer. Naturalist 1 223 The Currant-borer moth (Trochilium tipuliforme) darts about the leaves on hot sunny days.
1886 Harper's Mag. Aug. 447/2 There are three species of the currant-borer.
1961 R. South Moths Brit. Isles (ed. 4) II. 344 This species seems to have been introduced into North America, where its caterpillar is known as the ‘currant borer’.
currant butt n.
Π
1607 B. Jonson Volpone v. iv. sig. M2 Ha you nere a Curren-Butt to leape into? View more context for this quotation
1681 T. Jordan London's Joy 10 I have dwelt in a Tub..But ne're taught in a Currant-Butt before.
currant-clearwing n. the clearwing moth Ægeria tipuliformis and its larva.
currant-gall n. a small round gall, like an unripe currant, formed on the male flowers and leaves of the oak by the insect Spathegaster baccarum.
Π
1868 J. G. Wood Homes without Hands xxv. 492 These are popularly called Currant-galls, because they look very much like bunches of currants.
currant-moth n. a kind of moth that infests currant-bushes, the Magpie-moth.
ΘΚΠ
the world > animals > invertebrates > phylum Arthropoda > class Insecta > Heterocera > [noun] > family Geometridae > abraxas grossulariata (magpie moth)
magpie moth?1749
gooseberry-moth1816
currant-moth1858
1858–9 H. N. Humphreys Genera Brit. Moths Abraxas Grossulariata, The large Magpie, or Currant Moth.
currant-shrub n. a shrub or acid drink made from currants.
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the world > food and drink > drink > intoxicating liquor > distilled drink > cordial > [noun] > kinds of
water of milk1542
wormwood wine1565
milk water1602
wormwood water1612
mint water1639
persico1709
saffron cordial1728
peppermint water1756
pimento water1760
mint tea1764
peppermintc1770
rum shrub1788
ginger brandy1838
peppermint cordial1847
cloves1853
currant-shrub1856
shrub1861
1856 Englishwoman's Domest. Mag. 4 94 How to make Currant Shrub.
currant-worm n. a larva that infests currant-bushes.
ΘΚΠ
the world > animals > invertebrates > phylum Arthropoda > class Insecta > eggs or young > [noun] > young or development of young > larva > defined by parasitism or feeding > that destroys or eats plants > that infests currant bushes
currant-worm1867
1867 Amer. Naturalist 1 222 The Abraxas? ribearia of Fitch, the well-known Currant-worm, defoliates whole rows of currant-bushes.
1886 Harper's Mag. Aug. 447 The natural history of the currant worm and moth.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1893; most recently modified version published online March 2022).
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