cramen.¹

Brit.

/kreɪm/, U.S.

/kreɪm/, Scottish English

/krem/

Forms: Middle English– crame; also 1500s craym, creame, 1700s creme, 1800s craim, cream, kraim, krame.

Etymology: Adopted in 15th cent. Scots from Middle Dutch (Flemish), or Middle Low German krâme, kraeme, krâm, kraem, in modern Dutch kraam, Low German kraam, krâm, tent, booth, stall, stock of wares. A word common to continental West Germanic: compare Old Frisian, East Frisian krâm (West Frisian kream, Wangeroog krôm); Old High German chram, cram (masculine), Middle High German krâm (masculine), krâme (feminine), German krâm (masculine) dialect, krame (masculine, feminine). The original sense is shown by Old High German to be ‘tent-covering, awning’. In the transferred sense ‘wares, merchandise, toys’ the word went with German traders to the north (Icelandic, Norwegian, Swedish, Danish kram n.), and into Slavonic and Lithuanian (Polish kram, Bohemian krâm, Illyrian krama, Lithuanian krômas), and probably entered Scotland in a similar way. There is no trace of it in Gothic, or in Old English.

Scottish.

1. A booth or stall where goods are sold in a market or fair. (In common use in Scottish.)

ΘΚΠ

society > trade and finance > trading place > stall or booth > [noun]

shopOE

boothc1175

cheaping-boothc1175

stall1377

standinga1387

crame1477

bower1506

stand1551

loge1749

market stall1827

kiosk1865

joint1927

1477 King James III Charter in W. Maitland Hist. Edinb. (1753) i. i. 8 The Cramys of Chapmen.

1531 Edinb. Council Regul. in R. Chambers Tradit. Edinb. (1846) 307 Ony maner of burdis or cramis to sell siklyke stuff.

1692 Acts Sederunt Scotl. (1740) I. 180 If they make any Merchandise privily in a Shop or Crame.

1794 J. Sinclair Statist. Acct. Scotl. X. 207 (Jam.) [Lessuden, Roxb.] Booths, (or as they are here called, craims) containing hardware and haberdashery goods, are erected..at the fare.

1808 J. Mayne Siller Gun (new ed.) iii. 75 Craems, tents, and stawns, were swept away.

1881 G. MacGregor Hist. Glasgow xiii. 113 Freemen whose ‘crames’ might stand opposite their own doors.

1884 J. Harrison Oure Tounis Colledge ii. 41 The ‘Old Kirk’ is barnacled round with ‘krames’.

†2. A pack or bundle of goods carried about for sale; a pedlar's stock of wares. Obsolete.

ΚΠ

1560 Aberdeen Reg. V. 24 (Jam.) To help him to ane craym, that he may trawell to win his lifing in the cuntray.

1597 J. Skene De Verborum Significatione at Pede pulverosus Ane pedder, is called an marchand, or creamer, quha bearis ane pack or creame vpon his back.

1706 Mare of Collingtoun in J. Watson Choice Coll. Scots Poems i. 40 Oft have I turst your Hether Crame.

Compounds

Categories »

C1. crame-folk.

C2.

crame-ware n. [German kramwaare] goods sold in a crame.

ΚΠ

1701 J. Brand Brief Descr. Orkney, Zetland 131 Set up Booths or Shops, where they sell..several sorts of Creme-Ware, as Linen, Muslin, etc.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1893; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	crame
释义	cramen.¹ Brit. /kreɪm/, U.S. /kreɪm/, Scottish English /krem/ Forms: Middle English– crame; also 1500s craym, creame, 1700s creme, 1800s craim, cream, kraim, krame. Etymology: Adopted in 15th cent. Scots from Middle Dutch (Flemish), or Middle Low German krâme, kraeme, krâm, kraem, in modern Dutch kraam, Low German kraam, krâm, tent, booth, stall, stock of wares. A word common to continental West Germanic: compare Old Frisian, East Frisian krâm (West Frisian kream, Wangeroog krôm); Old High German chram, cram (masculine), Middle High German krâm (masculine), krâme (feminine), German krâm (masculine) dialect, krame (masculine, feminine). The original sense is shown by Old High German to be ‘tent-covering, awning’. In the transferred sense ‘wares, merchandise, toys’ the word went with German traders to the north (Icelandic, Norwegian, Swedish, Danish kram n.), and into Slavonic and Lithuanian (Polish kram, Bohemian krâm, Illyrian krama, Lithuanian krômas), and probably entered Scotland in a similar way. There is no trace of it in Gothic, or in Old English. Scottish. 1. A booth or stall where goods are sold in a market or fair. (In common use in Scottish.) ΘΚΠ society > trade and finance > trading place > stall or booth > [noun] shopOE boothc1175 cheaping-boothc1175 stall1377 standinga1387 crame1477 bower1506 stand1551 loge1749 market stall1827 kiosk1865 joint1927 1477 King James III Charter in W. Maitland Hist. Edinb. (1753) i. i. 8 The Cramys of Chapmen. 1531 Edinb. Council Regul. in R. Chambers Tradit. Edinb. (1846) 307 Ony maner of burdis or cramis to sell siklyke stuff. 1692 Acts Sederunt Scotl. (1740) I. 180 If they make any Merchandise privily in a Shop or Crame. 1794 J. Sinclair Statist. Acct. Scotl. X. 207 (Jam.) [Lessuden, Roxb.] Booths, (or as they are here called, craims) containing hardware and haberdashery goods, are erected..at the fare. 1808 J. Mayne Siller Gun (new ed.) iii. 75 Craems, tents, and stawns, were swept away. 1881 G. MacGregor Hist. Glasgow xiii. 113 Freemen whose ‘crames’ might stand opposite their own doors. 1884 J. Harrison Oure Tounis Colledge ii. 41 The ‘Old Kirk’ is barnacled round with ‘krames’. †2. A pack or bundle of goods carried about for sale; a pedlar's stock of wares. Obsolete. ΚΠ 1560 Aberdeen Reg. V. 24 (Jam.) To help him to ane craym, that he may trawell to win his lifing in the cuntray. 1597 J. Skene De Verborum Significatione at Pede pulverosus Ane pedder, is called an marchand, or creamer, quha bearis ane pack or creame vpon his back. 1706 Mare of Collingtoun in J. Watson Choice Coll. Scots Poems i. 40 Oft have I turst your Hether Crame. Compounds Categories » C1. crame-folk. C2. crame-ware n. [German kramwaare] goods sold in a crame. ΚΠ 1701 J. Brand Brief Descr. Orkney, Zetland 131 Set up Booths or Shops, where they sell..several sorts of Creme-Ware, as Linen, Muslin, etc. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1893; most recently modified version published online March 2022). † cramen.² Etymology: compare Dutch kram cramp, cramp-iron, hook. northern dialect. Obsolete. ΚΠ 1614–5 in J. Barmby Churchwardens' Accts. Pittington (1888) 165 Pd. for iron crames for the Church coffins. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1893; most recently modified version published online June 2018). † cramev. Etymology: compare Dutch and dialect German krammen to fasten with cramps, < Dutch kram cramp, hook, fastening. northern dialect. Obsolete. transitive. To fasten or mend with cramps or hold-fasts. ΚΠ 1614 in J. Barmby Churchwardens' Accts. Pittington (1888) 165 P^d for craminge our church leades with iron, viij d. 1667 in J. Barmby Churchwardens' Accts. Pittington (1888) 223 For crameing the shovell, 2 d. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1893; most recently modified version published online September 2018). < n.¹1477n.²1614v.1614
随便看	convoyer convoying convoys convulnerate convulsant convulsants convulse convulsed convulsedly convulses convulsibility convulsible convulsific convulsing convulsingly convulsion convulsion fit convulsional convulsionary convulsionism convulsionist convulsionists convulsions convulsive convulsively

cramen.1

Compounds

† cramen.2

† cramev.

cramen.¹

† cramen.²