credencen.

Brit.

/ˈkriːdns/, U.S.

/ˈkridns/

Forms: Middle English credans, Middle English credaunce, Middle English credense, Middle English gredense, Middle English–1500s credens, Middle English–1600s credance, Middle English– credence; Scottish pre-1700 creddence, pre-1700 creddens, pre-1700 credence, pre-1700 credens, pre-1700 criddens, pre-1700 cridence.

Origin: Of multiple origins. Partly a borrowing from French. Partly a borrowing from Latin. Etymons: French credenz, credence; Latin credentia.

Etymology: < (i) Anglo-Norman credenz, credensse and Middle French credence, French crédence confidential message (1323 in Anglo-Norman), belief, credit, trust (c1334 or earlier in Anglo-Norman), religious faith (c1430), tasting (c1460), financial credit (a1471), document giving claim to credit or confidence, letter of credence (15th cent.), side table or sideboard for vessels and dishes ready for being served at table (1536), small table near the altar where the Eucharistic elements are placed (1671), and its etymon (ii) post-classical Latin credentia safe conduct (8th cent.), security, guarantee (9th cent.), solemn promise (10th cent.), commercial credit (12th cent.; frequently from 13th cent. in British sources), belief, faith, trustworthiness, credit (frequently from 13th cent. in British sources), table for sacramental vessels (1494 in a British source) < classical Latin crēdent- , crēdēns , present participle of crēdere to believe (see credit v.) + -ia -ia suffix¹; compare -ence suffix. Compare Italian credenza belief, credit, trust (13th cent.), religious faith (a1308), tasting (c1336), side table or sideboard for vessels and dishes ready for being served at table (a1525; compare post-classical Latin credentia , 1339 in a document from Venice), small table near the altar where the Eucharistic elements are placed (1622), which probably influenced the semantic development of the French word (especially in the latter two senses), and may also have influenced the English word directly. Compare creance n., credency n., credit n.In letter of credence n. at Phrases 2 after post-classical Latin litterae de credentia, litterae credentiae, plural (frequently from 13th cent. in British sources; also in continental sources), Anglo-Norman and Middle French lettres de credence, plural (1323).

I. Senses primarily connected with belief or trust.

a. The condition of deserving, or of being considered to deserve, confidence; trustworthiness; credit, good reputation.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > attention and judgement > esteem > reputation > [noun]

nameeOE

talec1175

fame?c1225

lose1297

creancec1330

stevenc1374

opinionc1384

credencec1390

recorda1393

renowna1400

reputationc1400

reportc1425

regardc1440

esteema1450

noisea1470

reapport1514

estimation1530

savour1535

existimationa1538

countenancea1568

credit1576

standing1579

stair1590

perfumec1595

estimate1597

pass1601

reportage1612

vibration1666

suffrage1667

rep1677

face1834

odour1835

rap1966

c1390 (?c1350) St. Ambrose l. 1092 in C. Horstmann Sammlung Altengl. Legenden (1878) 25 (MED) Þerfore nou his sentence Is of stable credence.

a1393 J. Gower Confessio Amantis (Fairf.) iv. l. 2921 That swevenes ben of no credence.

?a1425 Mandeville's Trav. (Egerton) (1889) 150 Wyse men and men of credence of þase cuntreez.

1489–90 Rolls of Parl.: Henry VII (Electronic ed.) Parl. Jan. 1489 §41. m. 14 They shall not be in his favour but taken as men oute of credence.

1531–2 Act 23 Hen. VIII c. 3 §4 [They] shall neuer after be in any credence, nor their othe accepted.

1573 W. Smith XII. Mery Iests ii. sig. b(i) In a poore mans house lodged she was: And was in good credence with him in deede.

1685 F. Spence tr. A. Varillas Άνεκδοτα Ὲτερουιακα 380 He dispacht away a man of Credence to negociate with them.

1799 W. Wennington tr. A. H. J. Lafontaine Man of Nature xl. 367 ‘What is a Paria?’ William asked:—‘a man without all credence; scarcely a man; dispiseabler than a savage beast!’

1822 E. Nathan Langreath III. 112 Henrietta almost doubted the credence of her senses.

1914 New Eng. Hist. & Geneal. Reg. Oct. 351 Another witness was one Thomas Crofte of Ormskirk, yeoman, a man of credence, good name and fame, and above 80 years of age.

2002 C. Spencer Brit. Food x. 281 This snobbish idolisation of the French cuisine..made us feel that British cooking was far inferior. Without skills expended upon it and without credence, it very often did become inferior.

†b. Business and Finance. = credit n. 9. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

society > trade and finance > management of money > solvency > [noun] > reputation of

credence?a1513

credit?1552

creditworthiness1832

credit standing1866

status enquiry1877

the three C's1885

society > trade and finance > management of money > solvency > [noun] > credit

creance1399

trust1509

credence?a1513

credit1542

tick1668

strap1828

jawbone1862

sock1874

cred1973

a1513 W. Dunbar Poems (1998) I. 40 Sum is putt out of his possessioun, Sum hyrreit and on credence dynis.

1514 Let. in J. Strype Eccl. Memorials (1822) I. ii. App. iv. 8 (modernized) At the receipt of [their wages] they pay for meat and drink..had and obtained upon their credence.

1548 Hall's Vnion: Edward IV f. ccxij^v The Merchaunt..should stande in aduenture, bothe of losse of stocke and credence.

a. The mental action or state of accepting something as true or trustworthy; trust, faith, belief. See also Phrases 1a.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > mental capacity > belief > [noun]

ylevec888

levec950

trowing1303

creancec1380

believingc1384

credencea1393

acceptationa1425

beliefc1425

acceptance1533

leving1533

credency1648

creed1819

the mind > mental capacity > belief > belief, trust, confidence > [noun]

ylevec888

levec950

hopec1000

trothc1175

trusta1200

trutha1200

tristc1200

beliefa1225

tresta1300

traistinga1340

traistnessa1340

fiance1340

affiancec1350

affyc1380

tristening1382

credencea1393

faitha1393

levenessc1400

confidencec1430

credulity?a1439

trustingc1450

confiance1490

credit1533

fiduce1582

confidency1606

confidingness1682

a1393 J. Gower Confessio Amantis (Fairf.) ii. l. 2677 He may best a man beguile In whom the man hath most credence.

c1395 Bible (Wycliffite, L.V.) (Royal 1 C.viii) (1850) Isa. Prol. 226 To ȝyue credence to goodis bihiȝt.

?1430 W. Paston in Paston Lett. & Papers (2004) I. 14 My clerk, to wham I prey yow to gyve feith and credence touchant þis matier.

c1485 ( G. Hay Bk. Law of Armys (2005) 29 The symple peple..the quhilkis gave trouth and credence to the romaynis.

?1530 J. Rastell Pastyme of People sig. Civ A man of lyght credence beleuyng euery furst tale.

1654 R. Whitlock Ζωοτομία 436 A new printed Bill of a famous Physitian..shall gain more Credence than the most learned Lecture.

1840 T. P. Thompson Exercises (1842) V. 88 To admit to evidence such as avow their credence in ‘old Bogie’.

1912 M. H. Bradley Favor of Kings vii. 89 Nay, nor shalt thou ever find credence in me for thy words of denial.

1991 J. Richardson Life of Picasso I. v. 72 We should put credence in the 1885 census that records the Ruiz Blascos as having a second, presumably short-lived, son.

b. The quality of being believed or believable; the likelihood of being true; plausibility, credibility. See also Phrases 1b.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > mental capacity > belief > belief, trust, confidence > credibility > [noun]

credencec1450

credit1552

credibilitya1572

credibleness1595

creditableness1660

believablenessa1680

creditability1808

faithworthiness1828

tenability1845

tenableness1849

believability1865

cred1982

c1450 ( J. Walton tr. Boethius De Consol. Philos. (Linc. Cathedral 103) 116 The worthi excellence Of verray vertu..ye forleten clene For veyne rumours, litell of credence.

1534 T. Swinnerton in tr. Mustre of Scismatyke Bysshopes Prol. sig. A.v If the popes warryours wyll fyght agayne thystory, and say it is of none authorite and credence: I answere that they must approue it nedes.

1605 F. Bacon Of Aduancem. Learning ii. sig. Ii3 It is the harmonie of a Philosophie in it selfe, which giueth it light and credence .

1693 Antiq. Reviv'd 23 The credence of such Doctrines has been subtilly introduced, that has..allured, deceived, and opposed Mens understandings.

1767 H. Hartson Countess of Salisbury ii. 23 It now remains, that proof, such proof be sought Of Salisbury's fate, as..shall with the lady gain Prompt credence.

1806 S. Whitbread Speech 11 Nov. in Hist. Westm. & Middlesex Elections (1807) 145 What can have credence only with irreclaimable fools,..it would be..beneath me to answer.

1857 Knickerbocker Oct. 339 A story which must depend for its credence upon a belief in the existence of such qualities in the Indian character.

1920 A. Acheson Shakespeare's Lost Years in London vi. 138 While this evidence was palpably false, the excited condition of public feeling in regard to the Jesuit plots and the aggressive plans of Spain lent it credence.

1973 G. Daws Holy Man v. 229 Fitch's theories had no credence in the rest of the medical profession.

2008 L. Taylor Taste for Gardening i. 13 Class is losing its credence as a social category of identification.

c. A state of believing. Also: an idea held as a belief, a firm conviction.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > mental capacity > belief > [noun] > a belief, dogma, tenet

beliefc1225

doctrine1382

creance1393

credencea1535

dogma1534

tenenta1556

impression1613

teneta1620

receptary1646

dogmatism1664

a1535 T. More Dialoge of Comfort (1553) iii. xix. sig. R.vi^v You rather conuince & conclude me, than induce a credence & perswade me y^t euery man is in prison already.

1609 W. Shakespeare Troilus & Cressida v. ii. 124 A credence in my heart..That doth inuert th attest of eyes and eares.

1677 Poor Robin's Visions viii. 117 To contemplate the miseries of a poor Poetick life, or study some well laid plot to Hocus his Landlady into a further credence or belief.

1782 J. Grose Ethics ii. 35 Did religion consist only in received notions—imbibed principles,—or particular credences, the learned and judicious would probably be the sole possessors.

1815 W. Scott Lord of Isles v. xvii. 196 Grey-hair'd eld A superstitious credence held.

1856 P. E. Dove Logic Christian Faith i. i. 36 The strife and conflict of opposite credences.

1906 Westm. Gaz. 9 Aug. 3/3 That popular mythology, however, was not the credence of the great intellects of Greece.

1954 W. T. Pattison Benito Perez Galdós & Creative Process 68 The outcome of every religious novel is of course colored by the credences of its author.

2011 Leicester Mercury (Nexis) 30 Apr. 14 There is enough documentation around to sustain a belief in UFOs, but, just like other supernatural credences, this cannot be backed up with logic or reason.

3. Chiefly (now only) Diplomatic. Something, usually a document, which gives claim to credit or confidence; a letter of credence (see sense Phrases 2), a person's credentials. Also: a message with which a messenger or embassy is entrusted. Now historical.

ΘΚΠ

society > communication > information > message > [noun]

errandc890

bodec1275

bodeworda1325

messagec1325

sendingc1400

credence1424

a word in a person's ear1566

credency1620

intermessage1691

telegram1852

memorandum1899

society > communication > information > message > [noun] > carried by ambassador

credence1424

embassadec1425

ambassade1438

embassagea1530

ambassage1548

embassy1565

ambassy?1578

embassady1606

1424 State Papers Edinb. Reg. House No. 14 The quhilke soume to be sent to yhw, as..the fornemmit maister Alexanderis credence proportis.

c1425 J. Lydgate Troyyes Bk. (Augustus A.iv) v. l. 2240 (MED) Vlixes..fully knewe by open evidence, And also in special credence Sent vn-to hym fro Penolope, Þe mater hool declaringe in secre.

a1470 T. Malory Morte Darthur (Winch. Coll. 13) (1990) I. 191 Whan the Emperour Lucius hadde redde the lettyrs and undirstoode them welle of theire credence, he fared as a man were rased of his wytte.

1529 T. More Dyaloge Dyuers Maters Pref. f. i^v/1 A frend of myne sent [o]ny vnto me a secrete sure frend of hys, wyth certayne credence to be declared vnto me.

1574 E. Hellowes tr. A. de Guevara Familiar Epist. 435 They sent a post to Tordisillas, (for there was the assembly) with the credence that I brought.

1649 J. Milton Εικονοκλαστης xxi. 184 The King..question'd thir Credence.

1663 A. Cowley Plagues Egypt in Pindaric Odes iii If from some God you come..What Sign, what Powers, what Credence do you bring?

1796 R. Southey Joan of Arc i. 101 That with such credence as prevents delay, He to the King might send me.

1868 N. Brit. Rev. Dec. 416 He is simply the bearer of letters and a ‘credence’, which having communicated to the King he..returns.

1904 tr. in M. A. S. Hume Calend. Lett. Despatches & State Papers VIII. 186 The bearer of this letter, bringing me your Majesty's letters of 9th instant, with a credence for me to express to the King your Majesty's extreme displeasure at the continuance of the war.

1921 R. R. Reid King's Council in North iv. 74 On 1 April 1487, the Mayor of York, on a credence shown by Roger Kolke, Northumberland's servant, imprisoned Roger Brokholles on behalf of the Earl.

2003 P. Chaplais Eng. Diplomatic Pract. in Middle Ages iii. 179 John de Thrandeston, sent on numerous occasions between 1336 and 1342 to Germany and the Low Countries with credences and letters of credence.

†4. The charge, trust, or care of a person (to which a thing is committed); a person's protection. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > action or operation > safety > protection or defence > care, protection, or charge > [noun] > keeping or custody

yemselc1175

witing?c1225

yeminga1325

depose1393

baila1400

wardenshipa1400

guard1426

awarda1450

custodyc1450

credence1526

safe custody1536

credit1537

warding1548

guarding1551

guardiance1560

guardance1591

guardagea1616

guardship1629

wardship1631

guardianship1646

guardiancy1864

wardenry1906

1526 W. Bonde Pylgrimage of Perfection ii. sig. Hviii^v Spiritual talentes, whiche our lorde hath deputed to our credence.

1570 R. Sempill Deploratioun Cruel Murther James Erle of Murray (new ed.) (single sheet) To tak ane pure man vnder his credence Syne cut his throt.

1596 J. Dalrymple tr. J. Leslie Hist. Scotl. (1888) I. 138 To commend lyfe and gudes vnto the credence and custodie of the ylandmen.

II. Senses primarily connected with serving food, etc.

†5. A group of ‘sewers’ (see sewer n.²) or attendants at table. Obsolete. rare.

ΘΚΠ

the world > food and drink > food > serving food > [noun] > server of food > as servant > collectively

credencea1450

a1450 Terms Assoc. in PMLA (1936) 51 604 (MED) A credens of sewers.

1486 Bk. St. Albans F vij a A Credens of Seweris.

†6. The tasting of food or drink before serving, formerly practised in a royal or noble household as a precaution against poisoning. Obsolete. rare.

ΘΚΠ

the world > physical sensation > taste and flavour > [noun] > a test by tasting > action of testing

credencea1475

sayc1475

assay1547

essay1598

the world > food and drink > food > food manufacture and preparation > cooking > food taster or tester > [noun] > tasting or testing of food

say?c1425

credencea1475

a1475 J. Russell Bk. Nurture (Harl. 4011) in Babees Bk. (2002) i. 196 Credence is vsed, & tastynge, for drede of poysenynge.

a1475 J. Russell Bk. Nurture (Harl. 4011) in Babees Bk. (2002) i. 196 Tastynge and credence longethe to blode & birth royalle.

7. A side table or sideboard for vessels and dishes ready for being served at table, or (later) for the storage or display of such items. Cf. credenza n. Now chiefly historical.

ΘΚΠ

society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabited place > a building > furniture and fittings > table > [noun] > dining table > table for serving meals from

surveying-place?1445

breakfast-board1544

credence1567

1567 J. Jewel Def. Apol. Churche Eng. iv. vii. §3. 412 While the Pope is yet sittinge at the Table, the noblest man within the Courte..shalbe broughte to the Popes Credence, to geue him Water.

1794 Archaeologia 11 354 Richelet defined the credence to be a buffet among the great, in which, while they are at table, their rich vessels are marshaled in parade.

1834 W. Beckford Italy; with Sketches Spain & Portugal II. 323 A buffet, or credence, three stories high.

1857 T. Wright in Miscellanea Graphica 39 It was fashionable at one time to call it [sc. a dresser] a credence, in common with the somewhat similar article of church furniture.

1909 E. Singleton Art of Belgian Galleries iii. 143 Farther away on a credence are some metal jugs of elegant form and some cups and also a bed draped with blue curtains.

1965 J. Aronson Encycl. Furnit. (ed. 3) 178/1 Dressoir... Late Gothic development of credence in France, Flanders, and Germanic countries.

2006 T. Kaczorowska Children of Katyn Massacre vi. 81 A small living room with an adjoining glassed-in terrace is furnished with old furniture: an antique commode, wardrobe, credence, table, bent-wood table and chairs.

8. Christian Church. A small side table, shelf, or niche near the altar, usually on the south side, where the Eucharistic elements are placed ready for consecration.

ΘΚΠ

society > faith > artefacts > furniture > table > [noun] > for elements

prothesis1637

credentia1641

credentiala1645

credence1705

credence table1792

1705 Hist. Wks. Learned Jan. 74 He [sc. Laud] order'd to be erected at the side of the Altar, in his own Chappels, a Credence or Table, such as they use who celebrate Mass.

1799 W. Hurd New Universal Hist. Rites (new ed.) 234/1 The Credence, a place where the creed is concealed..covered with a yellow table cloth, without any other ornaments than what are absolutely necessary, such as a mass book, a holy water pot, a sprinkler, and a black cloth for absolution.

1842 C. J. Blomfield Let. 24 May in A. Blomfield Mem. C. J. Blomfield (1863) II. i. 13 It is the custom of the Greek Church, but not of ours, to have a credence or prothesis.

1845 G. A. Poole Churches xi. 114 The introduction and use of the credence are now becoming common in new churches.

1884 W. E. Addis & T. Arnold Catholic Dict. (ed. 2) 232/1 In ancient times when the oblations were presented by the faithful during Mass, there was not the same necessity for the use of a credence.

1914 A. Stehle Man. Episcopal Ceremonies iii. i. 309 On a credence, white humeral veil, white stole, book or card for the Oration Deus qui nobis, etc., and two torches.

1999 J. G. Dunbar Sc. Royal Palaces iv. 122 This alcove, which may have been designed as a combined closet and oratory, is equipped with a credence and piscina, with space for an altar close by.

Phrases

P1. to give (also lend) credence to.

a. To accept (a statement, etc.), or accept the statement of (a person, etc.), as true.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > mental capacity > belief > believe [verb (intransitive)]

weenc888

believea1225

aglea1325

to give credence toc1395

faithc1438

to add faith to?1483

to give credit to something1533

credit1557

to take (large etc.) stock in (rarely of)1870

c1395Ȝyue credence to [see sense 2a].

c1405 (c1380) G. Chaucer Second Nun's Tale (Hengwrt) (2003) l. 415 But they conuerted at hir wise loore Wepten ful sore and yauen ful credence Vn to hir word.

1586 G. Pettie & B. Yong tr. S. Guazzo Ciuile Conuersat. (rev. ed.) iv. f. 218^v If I had not giuen credence to that Prouerbe, That it is better to bee a Martyr than a Confessour.

1612 T. Taylor Αρχὴν Ἁπάντων: Comm. Epist. Paul to Titus iii. 2 Thou maist not giue credence to so slender a testimony.

1720 J. Dart tr. Tibullus Wks. iii. iv. 185 Think not that I can any Credence give, Or in such idle Fancies place Belief.

1786 E. Burke Speech 26 Apr. in Jrnls. House of Commons (1803) XLI. 619/2 Instructions, to which it seems Credence was to be given.

1803 Washington Federalist 4 Feb. 1/1 The Republicans in the United States will know how to give credence to the bold assertions of the democrats that this state is fast hastening to join the phalanx of democracy.

1812 J. Murray Lett. & Sketches of Serm. I. 52 Whoever lends credence to this divine report, will have peace and joy in believing.

1879 W. H. Dixon Royal Windsor II. v. 46 Charles had given him credence as a man of truth.

1924 C. T. Seltman Athens xii. 85 (note) It seems impossible to lend credence to the suggestions of the two first mentioned scholars.

a1933 J. A. Thomson Biol. for Everyman (1934) II. 892 No longer..do we give credence to tales of sea-serpents two hundred feet long.

2009 Guardian 15 Apr. 31/2 The daft idea that people would give credence to online gossip authored in Downing Street.

b. To render (a statement, etc.) (more) believable, to give (more) credibility to.

ΚΠ

1854 Hampshire Advertiser 8 Apr. 5/6 The long-continued absence of Mr. Uzielli from the meetings of the board lends credence to the rumour that that gentleman is also about to vacate his seat.

1898 Outlook 21 May 157/1 This..gives credence to the vague talk about a union of the Latin races.

1921 Young Woman's Jrnl. Feb. 108/2 These testimonies..give credence to the declarations of one of their fellow men.

1972 Sci. Amer. Feb. 32/2 This information lends credence to the concept of sidedness in membranes.

1997 J. Hatfield & G. Burt Unauthorized X-Cycl. 135 [He] had photographs, scientific endorsement, and plausible evidence to lend credence to his story.

2012 S. Coleman & A. M. Robb Rising Tide ii. 35 This finding gives credence to the theories that women are more reluctant to share control with outsiders.

P2.

letter of credence n. chiefly Diplomatic = credential letter n. at credential adj. a.

ΘΚΠ

society > law > legal document > authenticating document > [noun] > document certifying bearer > letter of credence or commendation

letter of credence?a1400

letter testimonial1425

credential letter1433

letter of credit1552

commendatory letter or epistle1555

letter of commendation1555

testimonial1571

fiduciary1593

letter of reference1616

credential1656

creditive letter1662

creditive1670

reference1818

?a1400 (a1338) R. Mannyng Chron. (Petyt) ii. 258 Þis letter of credance þei schewed.

1461 W. Paston in Paston Lett. & Papers (2004) I. 165 Suche tydyngys as my lady of York hath by a lettre of credens.

1548 Hall's Vnion: Edward IV f. ccxviii He deliuered to the kynge, letters of credence..which willed the kyng to geue credite and perfait faith to the duke.

1596 W. Warner Albions Eng. (rev. ed.) xi. lxv. 279 With Letters then of Credence for himselfe, and Marte for them, He puts to Sea for England.

1634 T. Herbert Relation Some Yeares Trauaile 123 Sir Robert Sherley had the Kings Letter of Credence or Firman, to testifie the truth of it.

1711 London Gaz. No. 4821/3 He [sc. an envoy] carries Letters of Credence with him.

1760 A. Mitchell Let. 31 July (1850) II. xii. 182 Baron Edelsheim had..no letter of credence, but only a letter from Minister to Minister, in which even a blank was left for the inserting of his name.

1860 J. L. Motley Hist. Netherlands (1868) I. viii. 493 Grafigori then asked for a written letter of credence.

1944 D. Cooper Diary 18 Nov. (2005) 337 At 9.45..I set forth with all my civilian staff to present my letters of credence.

1998 Times 25 June 26/1 His Excellency Monsieur Ibrahima Sylla was received in audience by The Queen today and presented the Letters of Recall of his predecessor and his own Letters of Credence as Ambassador.

Compounds

C1. General attributive (in sense 8).

credence cloth n.

ΚΠ

1853 Edinb. Rev. Oct. 316 The number of churches now possessing credence tables is considerable enough to make the manufacture of credence cloths a regular branch of trade.

1919 M. Gyte Diary 2 Nov. (1999) 240 Celebration of Holy Communion by Mr. Sherlock who dedicated the credence cloth (linen with crochet).

2006 M. R. McCall Sinful Pleasures ix. 158 Lady Blanche put down as well the credence cloth onto which she was stitching a delicate cross.

credence niche n.

ΚΠ

1847 Ecclesiologist Mar. 113 On the north side behind the arcade is a large credence niche.

1901 M. E. L. Addis Cathedrals & Abbeys Presbyterian Scotl. 173 The South Transept is continued by St. Mirin's Chapel, with ablution drain, credence niche, and finely carved panels over its altar site.

1993 D. Pringle Churches Crusader Kingdom of Jerusalem I. 25/2 To the right of this and in the adjacent south wall are a pair of credence niches with rounded heads.

credence shelf n.

ΚΠ

1841 Trans. Cambr. Camden Soc. 10 Close adjoining, in the south wall, is its accompanying piscina, ogee headed, with a credence shelf across it.

1907 J. C. Cox & A. Harvey Eng. Church Furnit. iii. 65 A fine piscina niche in the handsome Decorated chancel of Westhall, Suffolk, has two credence shelves—a most unusual arrangement.

2007 M. Child Discovering Churches & Churchyards (2008) 100 Some of them included a credence shelf of wood or stone above the basin, on which the sacred vessels were placed prior to use and immediately afterwards.

C2.

credence table n. (a) Christian Church a table for the Eucharistic elements (see sense 8); (b) a table or sideboard for food, plate, etc. (see sense 7).

ΘΚΠ

society > faith > artefacts > furniture > table > [noun] > for elements

prothesis1637

credentia1641

credentiala1645

credence1705

credence table1792

1792 Abstr. Douay Catech. 120 Go to the Credence Table, take the Wine in your right, and Water in your left Hand.

1805 tr. F. Schiller Piccolomini's iv. 92 To the Right and Left, and something behind, are two other Tables, each with Guests. In front is the Credence Table, the whole Fore-stage is for the Pages and Servants.

1889 Yorks. Archæol. Jrnl. 10 556 The recess was probably for a credence table to a chantry.

1968 H. J. Hunt tr. H. de Balzac Cousin Pons xxiii. 242 The collector managed to walk along the two alleys marked out by the row of credence-tables and commodes which divided the salon into two parts.

2007 Cresset Advent 42/1 The far more common practice..is to place them [sc. offerings] on a credence table.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2013; most recently modified version published online June 2022).

单词	credence
释义	credencen. Brit. /ˈkriːdns/, U.S. /ˈkridns/ Forms: Middle English credans, Middle English credaunce, Middle English credense, Middle English gredense, Middle English–1500s credens, Middle English–1600s credance, Middle English– credence; Scottish pre-1700 creddence, pre-1700 creddens, pre-1700 credence, pre-1700 credens, pre-1700 criddens, pre-1700 cridence. Origin: Of multiple origins. Partly a borrowing from French. Partly a borrowing from Latin. Etymons: French credenz, credence; Latin credentia. Etymology: < (i) Anglo-Norman credenz, credensse and Middle French credence, French crédence confidential message (1323 in Anglo-Norman), belief, credit, trust (c1334 or earlier in Anglo-Norman), religious faith (c1430), tasting (c1460), financial credit (a1471), document giving claim to credit or confidence, letter of credence (15th cent.), side table or sideboard for vessels and dishes ready for being served at table (1536), small table near the altar where the Eucharistic elements are placed (1671), and its etymon (ii) post-classical Latin credentia safe conduct (8th cent.), security, guarantee (9th cent.), solemn promise (10th cent.), commercial credit (12th cent.; frequently from 13th cent. in British sources), belief, faith, trustworthiness, credit (frequently from 13th cent. in British sources), table for sacramental vessels (1494 in a British source) < classical Latin crēdent- , crēdēns , present participle of crēdere to believe (see credit v.) + -ia -ia suffix¹; compare -ence suffix. Compare Italian credenza belief, credit, trust (13th cent.), religious faith (a1308), tasting (c1336), side table or sideboard for vessels and dishes ready for being served at table (a1525; compare post-classical Latin credentia , 1339 in a document from Venice), small table near the altar where the Eucharistic elements are placed (1622), which probably influenced the semantic development of the French word (especially in the latter two senses), and may also have influenced the English word directly. Compare creance n., credency n., credit n.In letter of credence n. at Phrases 2 after post-classical Latin litterae de credentia, litterae credentiae, plural (frequently from 13th cent. in British sources; also in continental sources), Anglo-Norman and Middle French lettres de credence, plural (1323). I. Senses primarily connected with belief or trust. 1. a. The condition of deserving, or of being considered to deserve, confidence; trustworthiness; credit, good reputation. ΘΚΠ the mind > attention and judgement > esteem > reputation > [noun] nameeOE talec1175 fame?c1225 lose1297 creancec1330 stevenc1374 opinionc1384 credencec1390 recorda1393 renowna1400 reputationc1400 reportc1425 regardc1440 esteema1450 noisea1470 reapport1514 estimation1530 savour1535 existimationa1538 countenancea1568 credit1576 standing1579 stair1590 perfumec1595 estimate1597 pass1601 reportage1612 vibration1666 suffrage1667 rep1677 face1834 odour1835 rap1966 c1390 (?c1350) St. Ambrose l. 1092 in C. Horstmann Sammlung Altengl. Legenden (1878) 25 (MED) Þerfore nou his sentence Is of stable credence. a1393 J. Gower Confessio Amantis (Fairf.) iv. l. 2921 That swevenes ben of no credence. ?a1425 Mandeville's Trav. (Egerton) (1889) 150 Wyse men and men of credence of þase cuntreez. 1489–90 Rolls of Parl.: Henry VII (Electronic ed.) Parl. Jan. 1489 §41. m. 14 They shall not be in his favour but taken as men oute of credence. 1531–2 Act 23 Hen. VIII c. 3 §4 [They] shall neuer after be in any credence, nor their othe accepted. 1573 W. Smith XII. Mery Iests ii. sig. b(i) In a poore mans house lodged she was: And was in good credence with him in deede. 1685 F. Spence tr. A. Varillas Άνεκδοτα Ὲτερουιακα 380 He dispacht away a man of Credence to negociate with them. 1799 W. Wennington tr. A. H. J. Lafontaine Man of Nature xl. 367 ‘What is a Paria?’ William asked:—‘a man without all credence; scarcely a man; dispiseabler than a savage beast!’ 1822 E. Nathan Langreath III. 112 Henrietta almost doubted the credence of her senses. 1914 New Eng. Hist. & Geneal. Reg. Oct. 351 Another witness was one Thomas Crofte of Ormskirk, yeoman, a man of credence, good name and fame, and above 80 years of age. 2002 C. Spencer Brit. Food x. 281 This snobbish idolisation of the French cuisine..made us feel that British cooking was far inferior. Without skills expended upon it and without credence, it very often did become inferior. †b. Business and Finance. = credit n. 9. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ society > trade and finance > management of money > solvency > [noun] > reputation of credence?a1513 credit?1552 creditworthiness1832 credit standing1866 status enquiry1877 the three C's1885 society > trade and finance > management of money > solvency > [noun] > credit creance1399 trust1509 credence?a1513 credit1542 tick1668 strap1828 jawbone1862 sock1874 cred1973 a1513 W. Dunbar Poems (1998) I. 40 Sum is putt out of his possessioun, Sum hyrreit and on credence dynis. 1514 Let. in J. Strype Eccl. Memorials (1822) I. ii. App. iv. 8 (modernized) At the receipt of [their wages] they pay for meat and drink..had and obtained upon their credence. 1548 Hall's Vnion: Edward IV f. ccxij^v The Merchaunt..should stande in aduenture, bothe of losse of stocke and credence. 2. a. The mental action or state of accepting something as true or trustworthy; trust, faith, belief. See also Phrases 1a. ΘΚΠ the mind > mental capacity > belief > [noun] ylevec888 levec950 trowing1303 creancec1380 believingc1384 credencea1393 acceptationa1425 beliefc1425 acceptance1533 leving1533 credency1648 creed1819 the mind > mental capacity > belief > belief, trust, confidence > [noun] ylevec888 levec950 hopec1000 trothc1175 trusta1200 trutha1200 tristc1200 beliefa1225 tresta1300 traistinga1340 traistnessa1340 fiance1340 affiancec1350 affyc1380 tristening1382 credencea1393 faitha1393 levenessc1400 confidencec1430 credulity?a1439 trustingc1450 confiance1490 credit1533 fiduce1582 confidency1606 confidingness1682 a1393 J. Gower Confessio Amantis (Fairf.) ii. l. 2677 He may best a man beguile In whom the man hath most credence. c1395 Bible (Wycliffite, L.V.) (Royal 1 C.viii) (1850) Isa. Prol. 226 To ȝyue credence to goodis bihiȝt. ?1430 W. Paston in Paston Lett. & Papers (2004) I. 14 My clerk, to wham I prey yow to gyve feith and credence touchant þis matier. c1485 ( G. Hay Bk. Law of Armys (2005) 29 The symple peple..the quhilkis gave trouth and credence to the romaynis. ?1530 J. Rastell Pastyme of People sig. Civ A man of lyght credence beleuyng euery furst tale. 1654 R. Whitlock Ζωοτομία 436 A new printed Bill of a famous Physitian..shall gain more Credence than the most learned Lecture. 1840 T. P. Thompson Exercises (1842) V. 88 To admit to evidence such as avow their credence in ‘old Bogie’. 1912 M. H. Bradley Favor of Kings vii. 89 Nay, nor shalt thou ever find credence in me for thy words of denial. 1991 J. Richardson Life of Picasso I. v. 72 We should put credence in the 1885 census that records the Ruiz Blascos as having a second, presumably short-lived, son. b. The quality of being believed or believable; the likelihood of being true; plausibility, credibility. See also Phrases 1b. ΘΚΠ the mind > mental capacity > belief > belief, trust, confidence > credibility > [noun] credencec1450 credit1552 credibilitya1572 credibleness1595 creditableness1660 believablenessa1680 creditability1808 faithworthiness1828 tenability1845 tenableness1849 believability1865 cred1982 c1450 ( J. Walton tr. Boethius De Consol. Philos. (Linc. Cathedral 103) 116 The worthi excellence Of verray vertu..ye forleten clene For veyne rumours, litell of credence. 1534 T. Swinnerton in tr. Mustre of Scismatyke Bysshopes Prol. sig. A.v If the popes warryours wyll fyght agayne thystory, and say it is of none authorite and credence: I answere that they must approue it nedes. 1605 F. Bacon Of Aduancem. Learning ii. sig. Ii3 It is the harmonie of a Philosophie in it selfe, which giueth it light and credence . View more context for this quotation 1693 Antiq. Reviv'd 23 The credence of such Doctrines has been subtilly introduced, that has..allured, deceived, and opposed Mens understandings. 1767 H. Hartson Countess of Salisbury ii. 23 It now remains, that proof, such proof be sought Of Salisbury's fate, as..shall with the lady gain Prompt credence. 1806 S. Whitbread Speech 11 Nov. in Hist. Westm. & Middlesex Elections (1807) 145 What can have credence only with irreclaimable fools,..it would be..beneath me to answer. 1857 Knickerbocker Oct. 339 A story which must depend for its credence upon a belief in the existence of such qualities in the Indian character. 1920 A. Acheson Shakespeare's Lost Years in London vi. 138 While this evidence was palpably false, the excited condition of public feeling in regard to the Jesuit plots and the aggressive plans of Spain lent it credence. 1973 G. Daws Holy Man v. 229 Fitch's theories had no credence in the rest of the medical profession. 2008 L. Taylor Taste for Gardening i. 13 Class is losing its credence as a social category of identification. c. A state of believing. Also: an idea held as a belief, a firm conviction. ΘΚΠ the mind > mental capacity > belief > [noun] > a belief, dogma, tenet beliefc1225 doctrine1382 creance1393 credencea1535 dogma1534 tenenta1556 impression1613 teneta1620 receptary1646 dogmatism1664 a1535 T. More Dialoge of Comfort (1553) iii. xix. sig. R.vi^v You rather conuince & conclude me, than induce a credence & perswade me y^t euery man is in prison already. 1609 W. Shakespeare Troilus & Cressida v. ii. 124 A credence in my heart..That doth inuert th attest of eyes and eares. View more context for this quotation 1677 Poor Robin's Visions viii. 117 To contemplate the miseries of a poor Poetick life, or study some well laid plot to Hocus his Landlady into a further credence or belief. 1782 J. Grose Ethics ii. 35 Did religion consist only in received notions—imbibed principles,—or particular credences, the learned and judicious would probably be the sole possessors. 1815 W. Scott Lord of Isles v. xvii. 196 Grey-hair'd eld A superstitious credence held. 1856 P. E. Dove Logic Christian Faith i. i. 36 The strife and conflict of opposite credences. 1906 Westm. Gaz. 9 Aug. 3/3 That popular mythology, however, was not the credence of the great intellects of Greece. 1954 W. T. Pattison Benito Perez Galdós & Creative Process 68 The outcome of every religious novel is of course colored by the credences of its author. 2011 Leicester Mercury (Nexis) 30 Apr. 14 There is enough documentation around to sustain a belief in UFOs, but, just like other supernatural credences, this cannot be backed up with logic or reason. 3. Chiefly (now only) Diplomatic. Something, usually a document, which gives claim to credit or confidence; a letter of credence (see sense Phrases 2), a person's credentials. Also: a message with which a messenger or embassy is entrusted. Now historical. ΘΚΠ society > communication > information > message > [noun] errandc890 bodec1275 bodeworda1325 messagec1325 sendingc1400 credence1424 a word in a person's ear1566 credency1620 intermessage1691 telegram1852 memorandum1899 society > communication > information > message > [noun] > carried by ambassador credence1424 embassadec1425 ambassade1438 embassagea1530 ambassage1548 embassy1565 ambassy?1578 embassady1606 1424 State Papers Edinb. Reg. House No. 14 The quhilke soume to be sent to yhw, as..the fornemmit maister Alexanderis credence proportis. c1425 J. Lydgate Troyyes Bk. (Augustus A.iv) v. l. 2240 (MED) Vlixes..fully knewe by open evidence, And also in special credence Sent vn-to hym fro Penolope, Þe mater hool declaringe in secre. a1470 T. Malory Morte Darthur (Winch. Coll. 13) (1990) I. 191 Whan the Emperour Lucius hadde redde the lettyrs and undirstoode them welle of theire credence, he fared as a man were rased of his wytte. 1529 T. More Dyaloge Dyuers Maters Pref. f. i^v/1 A frend of myne sent [o]ny vnto me a secrete sure frend of hys, wyth certayne credence to be declared vnto me. 1574 E. Hellowes tr. A. de Guevara Familiar Epist. 435 They sent a post to Tordisillas, (for there was the assembly) with the credence that I brought. 1649 J. Milton Εικονοκλαστης xxi. 184 The King..question'd thir Credence. 1663 A. Cowley Plagues Egypt in Pindaric Odes iii If from some God you come..What Sign, what Powers, what Credence do you bring? 1796 R. Southey Joan of Arc i. 101 That with such credence as prevents delay, He to the King might send me. 1868 N. Brit. Rev. Dec. 416 He is simply the bearer of letters and a ‘credence’, which having communicated to the King he..returns. 1904 tr. in M. A. S. Hume Calend. Lett. Despatches & State Papers VIII. 186 The bearer of this letter, bringing me your Majesty's letters of 9th instant, with a credence for me to express to the King your Majesty's extreme displeasure at the continuance of the war. 1921 R. R. Reid King's Council in North iv. 74 On 1 April 1487, the Mayor of York, on a credence shown by Roger Kolke, Northumberland's servant, imprisoned Roger Brokholles on behalf of the Earl. 2003 P. Chaplais Eng. Diplomatic Pract. in Middle Ages iii. 179 John de Thrandeston, sent on numerous occasions between 1336 and 1342 to Germany and the Low Countries with credences and letters of credence. †4. The charge, trust, or care of a person (to which a thing is committed); a person's protection. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > safety > protection or defence > care, protection, or charge > [noun] > keeping or custody yemselc1175 witing?c1225 yeminga1325 depose1393 baila1400 wardenshipa1400 guard1426 awarda1450 custodyc1450 credence1526 safe custody1536 credit1537 warding1548 guarding1551 guardiance1560 guardance1591 guardagea1616 guardship1629 wardship1631 guardianship1646 guardiancy1864 wardenry1906 1526 W. Bonde Pylgrimage of Perfection ii. sig. Hviii^v Spiritual talentes, whiche our lorde hath deputed to our credence. 1570 R. Sempill Deploratioun Cruel Murther James Erle of Murray (new ed.) (single sheet) To tak ane pure man vnder his credence Syne cut his throt. 1596 J. Dalrymple tr. J. Leslie Hist. Scotl. (1888) I. 138 To commend lyfe and gudes vnto the credence and custodie of the ylandmen. II. Senses primarily connected with serving food, etc. †5. A group of ‘sewers’ (see sewer n.²) or attendants at table. Obsolete. rare. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > food > serving food > [noun] > server of food > as servant > collectively credencea1450 a1450 Terms Assoc. in PMLA (1936) 51 604 (MED) A credens of sewers. 1486 Bk. St. Albans F vij a A Credens of Seweris. †6. The tasting of food or drink before serving, formerly practised in a royal or noble household as a precaution against poisoning. Obsolete. rare. ΘΚΠ the world > physical sensation > taste and flavour > [noun] > a test by tasting > action of testing credencea1475 sayc1475 assay1547 essay1598 the world > food and drink > food > food manufacture and preparation > cooking > food taster or tester > [noun] > tasting or testing of food say?c1425 credencea1475 a1475 J. Russell Bk. Nurture (Harl. 4011) in Babees Bk. (2002) i. 196 Credence is vsed, & tastynge, for drede of poysenynge. a1475 J. Russell Bk. Nurture (Harl. 4011) in Babees Bk. (2002) i. 196 Tastynge and credence longethe to blode & birth royalle. 7. A side table or sideboard for vessels and dishes ready for being served at table, or (later) for the storage or display of such items. Cf. credenza n. Now chiefly historical. ΘΚΠ society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabited place > a building > furniture and fittings > table > [noun] > dining table > table for serving meals from surveying-place?1445 breakfast-board1544 credence1567 1567 J. Jewel Def. Apol. Churche Eng. iv. vii. §3. 412 While the Pope is yet sittinge at the Table, the noblest man within the Courte..shalbe broughte to the Popes Credence, to geue him Water. 1794 Archaeologia 11 354 Richelet defined the credence to be a buffet among the great, in which, while they are at table, their rich vessels are marshaled in parade. 1834 W. Beckford Italy; with Sketches Spain & Portugal II. 323 A buffet, or credence, three stories high. 1857 T. Wright in Miscellanea Graphica 39 It was fashionable at one time to call it [sc. a dresser] a credence, in common with the somewhat similar article of church furniture. 1909 E. Singleton Art of Belgian Galleries iii. 143 Farther away on a credence are some metal jugs of elegant form and some cups and also a bed draped with blue curtains. 1965 J. Aronson Encycl. Furnit. (ed. 3) 178/1 Dressoir... Late Gothic development of credence in France, Flanders, and Germanic countries. 2006 T. Kaczorowska Children of Katyn Massacre vi. 81 A small living room with an adjoining glassed-in terrace is furnished with old furniture: an antique commode, wardrobe, credence, table, bent-wood table and chairs. 8. Christian Church. A small side table, shelf, or niche near the altar, usually on the south side, where the Eucharistic elements are placed ready for consecration. ΘΚΠ society > faith > artefacts > furniture > table > [noun] > for elements prothesis1637 credentia1641 credentiala1645 credence1705 credence table1792 1705 Hist. Wks. Learned Jan. 74 He [sc. Laud] order'd to be erected at the side of the Altar, in his own Chappels, a Credence or Table, such as they use who celebrate Mass. 1799 W. Hurd New Universal Hist. Rites (new ed.) 234/1 The Credence, a place where the creed is concealed..covered with a yellow table cloth, without any other ornaments than what are absolutely necessary, such as a mass book, a holy water pot, a sprinkler, and a black cloth for absolution. 1842 C. J. Blomfield Let. 24 May in A. Blomfield Mem. C. J. Blomfield (1863) II. i. 13 It is the custom of the Greek Church, but not of ours, to have a credence or prothesis. 1845 G. A. Poole Churches xi. 114 The introduction and use of the credence are now becoming common in new churches. 1884 W. E. Addis & T. Arnold Catholic Dict. (ed. 2) 232/1 In ancient times when the oblations were presented by the faithful during Mass, there was not the same necessity for the use of a credence. 1914 A. Stehle Man. Episcopal Ceremonies iii. i. 309 On a credence, white humeral veil, white stole, book or card for the Oration Deus qui nobis, etc., and two torches. 1999 J. G. Dunbar Sc. Royal Palaces iv. 122 This alcove, which may have been designed as a combined closet and oratory, is equipped with a credence and piscina, with space for an altar close by. Phrases P1. to give (also lend) credence to. a. To accept (a statement, etc.), or accept the statement of (a person, etc.), as true. ΘΚΠ the mind > mental capacity > belief > believe [verb (intransitive)] weenc888 believea1225 aglea1325 to give credence toc1395 faithc1438 to add faith to?1483 to give credit to something1533 credit1557 to take (large etc.) stock in (rarely of)1870 c1395Ȝyue credence to [see sense 2a]. c1405 (c1380) G. Chaucer Second Nun's Tale (Hengwrt) (2003) l. 415 But they conuerted at hir wise loore Wepten ful sore and yauen ful credence Vn to hir word. 1586 G. Pettie & B. Yong tr. S. Guazzo Ciuile Conuersat. (rev. ed.) iv. f. 218^v If I had not giuen credence to that Prouerbe, That it is better to bee a Martyr than a Confessour. 1612 T. Taylor Αρχὴν Ἁπάντων: Comm. Epist. Paul to Titus iii. 2 Thou maist not giue credence to so slender a testimony. 1720 J. Dart tr. Tibullus Wks. iii. iv. 185 Think not that I can any Credence give, Or in such idle Fancies place Belief. 1786 E. Burke Speech 26 Apr. in Jrnls. House of Commons (1803) XLI. 619/2 Instructions, to which it seems Credence was to be given. 1803 Washington Federalist 4 Feb. 1/1 The Republicans in the United States will know how to give credence to the bold assertions of the democrats that this state is fast hastening to join the phalanx of democracy. 1812 J. Murray Lett. & Sketches of Serm. I. 52 Whoever lends credence to this divine report, will have peace and joy in believing. 1879 W. H. Dixon Royal Windsor II. v. 46 Charles had given him credence as a man of truth. 1924 C. T. Seltman Athens xii. 85 (note) It seems impossible to lend credence to the suggestions of the two first mentioned scholars. a1933 J. A. Thomson Biol. for Everyman (1934) II. 892 No longer..do we give credence to tales of sea-serpents two hundred feet long. 2009 Guardian 15 Apr. 31/2 The daft idea that people would give credence to online gossip authored in Downing Street. b. To render (a statement, etc.) (more) believable, to give (more) credibility to. ΚΠ 1854 Hampshire Advertiser 8 Apr. 5/6 The long-continued absence of Mr. Uzielli from the meetings of the board lends credence to the rumour that that gentleman is also about to vacate his seat. 1898 Outlook 21 May 157/1 This..gives credence to the vague talk about a union of the Latin races. 1921 Young Woman's Jrnl. Feb. 108/2 These testimonies..give credence to the declarations of one of their fellow men. 1972 Sci. Amer. Feb. 32/2 This information lends credence to the concept of sidedness in membranes. 1997 J. Hatfield & G. Burt Unauthorized X-Cycl. 135 [He] had photographs, scientific endorsement, and plausible evidence to lend credence to his story. 2012 S. Coleman & A. M. Robb Rising Tide ii. 35 This finding gives credence to the theories that women are more reluctant to share control with outsiders. P2. letter of credence n. chiefly Diplomatic = credential letter n. at credential adj. a. ΘΚΠ society > law > legal document > authenticating document > [noun] > document certifying bearer > letter of credence or commendation letter of credence?a1400 letter testimonial1425 credential letter1433 letter of credit1552 commendatory letter or epistle1555 letter of commendation1555 testimonial1571 fiduciary1593 letter of reference1616 credential1656 creditive letter1662 creditive1670 reference1818 ?a1400 (a1338) R. Mannyng Chron. (Petyt) ii. 258 Þis letter of credance þei schewed. 1461 W. Paston in Paston Lett. & Papers (2004) I. 165 Suche tydyngys as my lady of York hath by a lettre of credens. 1548 Hall's Vnion: Edward IV f. ccxviii He deliuered to the kynge, letters of credence..which willed the kyng to geue credite and perfait faith to the duke. 1596 W. Warner Albions Eng. (rev. ed.) xi. lxv. 279 With Letters then of Credence for himselfe, and Marte for them, He puts to Sea for England. 1634 T. Herbert Relation Some Yeares Trauaile 123 Sir Robert Sherley had the Kings Letter of Credence or Firman, to testifie the truth of it. 1711 London Gaz. No. 4821/3 He [sc. an envoy] carries Letters of Credence with him. 1760 A. Mitchell Let. 31 July (1850) II. xii. 182 Baron Edelsheim had..no letter of credence, but only a letter from Minister to Minister, in which even a blank was left for the inserting of his name. 1860 J. L. Motley Hist. Netherlands (1868) I. viii. 493 Grafigori then asked for a written letter of credence. 1944 D. Cooper Diary 18 Nov. (2005) 337 At 9.45..I set forth with all my civilian staff to present my letters of credence. 1998 Times 25 June 26/1 His Excellency Monsieur Ibrahima Sylla was received in audience by The Queen today and presented the Letters of Recall of his predecessor and his own Letters of Credence as Ambassador. Compounds C1. General attributive (in sense 8). credence cloth n. ΚΠ 1853 Edinb. Rev. Oct. 316 The number of churches now possessing credence tables is considerable enough to make the manufacture of credence cloths a regular branch of trade. 1919 M. Gyte Diary 2 Nov. (1999) 240 Celebration of Holy Communion by Mr. Sherlock who dedicated the credence cloth (linen with crochet). 2006 M. R. McCall Sinful Pleasures ix. 158 Lady Blanche put down as well the credence cloth onto which she was stitching a delicate cross. credence niche n. ΚΠ 1847 Ecclesiologist Mar. 113 On the north side behind the arcade is a large credence niche. 1901 M. E. L. Addis Cathedrals & Abbeys Presbyterian Scotl. 173 The South Transept is continued by St. Mirin's Chapel, with ablution drain, credence niche, and finely carved panels over its altar site. 1993 D. Pringle Churches Crusader Kingdom of Jerusalem I. 25/2 To the right of this and in the adjacent south wall are a pair of credence niches with rounded heads. credence shelf n. ΚΠ 1841 Trans. Cambr. Camden Soc. 10 Close adjoining, in the south wall, is its accompanying piscina, ogee headed, with a credence shelf across it. 1907 J. C. Cox & A. Harvey Eng. Church Furnit. iii. 65 A fine piscina niche in the handsome Decorated chancel of Westhall, Suffolk, has two credence shelves—a most unusual arrangement. 2007 M. Child Discovering Churches & Churchyards (2008) 100 Some of them included a credence shelf of wood or stone above the basin, on which the sacred vessels were placed prior to use and immediately afterwards. C2. credence table n. (a) Christian Church a table for the Eucharistic elements (see sense 8); (b) a table or sideboard for food, plate, etc. (see sense 7). ΘΚΠ society > faith > artefacts > furniture > table > [noun] > for elements prothesis1637 credentia1641 credentiala1645 credence1705 credence table1792 1792 Abstr. Douay Catech. 120 Go to the Credence Table, take the Wine in your right, and Water in your left Hand. 1805 tr. F. Schiller Piccolomini's iv. 92 To the Right and Left, and something behind, are two other Tables, each with Guests. In front is the Credence Table, the whole Fore-stage is for the Pages and Servants. 1889 Yorks. Archæol. Jrnl. 10 556 The recess was probably for a credence table to a chantry. 1968 H. J. Hunt tr. H. de Balzac Cousin Pons xxiii. 242 The collector managed to walk along the two alleys marked out by the row of credence-tables and commodes which divided the salon into two parts. 2007 Cresset Advent 42/1 The far more common practice..is to place them [sc. offerings] on a credence table. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2013; most recently modified version published online June 2022). credencev. Brit. /ˈkriːdns/, U.S. /ˈkridns/ Forms: see credence n. Origin: Formed within English, by conversion. Etymon: credence n. Etymology: < credence n. Compare earlier creance v. transitive. To give credence to, believe. ΘΚΠ the mind > mental capacity > belief > accept as true, believe [verb (transitive)] ylevec888 leve971 ween971 i-weneOE takec1175 trowc1175 truth?c1250 thinka1275 believec1300 trustc1325 hold1340 trist1340 to give (one's) faith to (also unto)c1405 accept?c1430 admitc1449 credencea1529 to take a person at his (also her) word1535 credit1547 faith1576 to take a person's word1576 receive1581 creed1596 understand1751 Adam and Eve1925 buy1926 a1529 J. Skelton Why come ye nat to Courte (?1545) 439 In credensyng his tales. a1529 J. Skelton Wks (1568) sig. G.iii^v On trouthe, vnder defence Of all trewe englyshemen This mater to credence That I wrate with my pen. 1563 in J. Strype Ann. Reformation (1725) I. xxxiv. 381 (modernized) Neither the certificate..nor the indictment..are to be credenced. 1897 E. F. Benson in Chap-bk. 15 May 15/2 ‘You ought to have judged her,’ said Edith, ‘and not credenced that sort of thing.’ 2005 D. E. Cowan Cyberhenge ii. 45 Those who manage to see their opinions into commercial print and whose views are credenced by their audience. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2013; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.c1390v.a1529
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credencen.

Phrases

Compounds

credencev.