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单词 coup
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coupn.1

Brit. /kaʊp/, U.S. /kaʊp/, Scottish English /kʌʊp/
Forms: Also Middle English caupe, kaupe, 1500s coupe, 1800s cowp.
Etymology: In sense 1, < Old French coup, cop, colp blow: see coup n.3 (The spelling caupe in Destr. Troy is not satisfactorily explained, but it varies with coupe : compare cope v.2) Sense 2 may be the same word, connected by the notion of ‘a shock that overturns’, but it tends, at least in modern use, to the status of a verbal derivative. The remaining senses are almost certainly of later formation from the verb (coup v.3).
Now only Scottish.
1. A blow, stroke; the shock of a blow, engagement, or combat; = cope n.2 Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
society > armed hostility > military equipment > operation and use of weapons > stroke with weapon > [noun]
dintc897
swengOE
stroke1297
dentc1325
swinga1400
stripec1475
handstroke1488
coup1523
cope1525
handystroke1542
hand stripe1543
society > armed hostility > armed encounter > [noun] > battle or a battle > onslaught of battle > shock of onslaught
smallOE
acoupinga1375
copinga1375
coup1523
cope1525
shock1565
encountery1566
1523 Ld. Berners tr. J. Froissart Cronycles I. ccclxxiii. 616 [They]..thrust so sore eche at other, that the speares flewe all to peces..and at the seconde coupe they dyde in lykewise.
1535 W. Stewart tr. H. Boethius Bk. Cron. Scotl. (1858) I. 124 Sum gat ane coup gart all hir tymmaris crak.
c1540 (?a1400) Destr. Troy 1237 The kyng with the caupe [was] caste to þe ground.
c1540 (?a1400) Destr. Troy 10890 Ho knowen was for kene with kaupe of hir swerd.
2. A fall, upset, overturn. Scottish.
ΚΠ
1535 D. Lindsay Satyre 2430 Let se gif I can loup. I man rin fast, in cace I get ane coup.
a1586 ? Montgomerie ‘My Ladyis Pulcritud’ 28 Albeit from cair to cair Thou catche my hairt in coup.
1823 J. Galt Entail I. v. 40 Dear me..but ye hae gotten an unco cowp. I hope nae bones are broken?
3. A dislocation or fault by which a coal-seam is tilted up. Scottish.
ΚΠ
1795 J. Sinclair Statist. Acct. Scotl. XV. 329 (Jam.) [Campsie Par.] The coal in this district is full of irregularities stiled by the workmen coups, and hitches, and dykes..These coups and hitches..are found where the strata above and below the coal suddenly approach, or retreat from each other, by this means couping the coal out of its regular bed.
4. Scottish.
a. The act of tilting or shooting rubbish from a cart, wheelbarrow, etc.; also the right or permission to do this at a specified place.
ΚΠ
1887 D. Donaldson Jamieson's Sc. Dict. Suppl. Coup, the act, right, or liberty of emptying a cart-load..Free-Coup, liberty to coup or deposit rubbish free of charge; also, a place where this liberty may be had. [Called also free toom.]
b. A place where rubbish is deposited; a rubbish dump or tip.
ΘΚΠ
the world > physical sensation > cleanness and dirtiness > clearing of refuse matter > refuse disposal > [noun] > place for disposing of refuse
Tophet1382
shooting-ground1835
shoot1851
dumping-ground1857
dump1872
toom1882
dust-shoot1883
coup1886
nuisance ground1889
tip1890
1886 J. Barrowman Gloss. Sc. Mining Terms 20 Coup, a bank, or face of a bing, where debris is tipped.
1899 J. B. Salmond My Man, Sandy 66 The beach ootby at the Saut Pan, whaur thaur's a free coup for rubbitch.
1911 A. Warrack Scots Dial. Dict. 105/1 Coup..n. a tip-cart; a fall, upset;..a place for emptying cartloads of earth, ashes, rubbish, &c.
1938 St. Andrews Citizen 12 Feb. 10/5 Mr C.—, architect, stated that he would require a coup for material..and he indicated a site which he has in view for the purpose.
1972 M. Kean Scottish–Eng. Eng.–Scottish 10 Coup (n.), rubbish tip.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1893; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

coupcoopn.2

/kuːp/
Etymology: perhaps the same word as coop n.1 (formerly coupe , coup ). In German, as is pointed out by Hildebrand (in Grimm), kiepe , properly a basket, is also applied in Saxony to a chest or box, and to a box-cart. We might suppose this word to be short for coup-cart n. (now taken in the sense of a cart that can be tilted), but the simple word appears much earlier than the compound.
Obsolete or dialect.
1.
a. A cart or wagon with closed sides and ends, thus fitted for carting dung, lime, etc.
ΚΠ
1582 in T. West Antiq. Furness (1774) App. viii Carriages, called cowps, of the tenants of the sd manor..in which they did take and carry..dung.
1691 J. Ray N. Country Words in Coll. Eng. Words (ed. 2) 17 Coop, a Muck-coop, a Lime-coop; a Cart or Wain made close with Boards, to carry any thing that otherwise would fall out.
1703 R. Thoresby Let. 27 Apr. in J. Ray Corr. (1848) 420 Caup, as a muck caup.
1774 T. West Antiq. Furness (1805) 48 A coup laden with magazeen, drawn by six oxen.
1788 W. Marshall Provincialisms E. Yorks. in Rural Econ. Yorks. II. 323 Coop, an ox cart, with a close body, and without ‘shelvings’, for carrying manure, etc. still in use.
a1814 J. Ramsay Scotl. & Scotsmen 18th Cent. (1888) II. x. 199 Recourse was had to coups, i.e. panniers fixed upon a sledge.
1878 W. Dickinson Gloss. Words & Phrases Cumberland (ed. 2) Coop, Cowp, a small fell~side cart.
b. Sometimes explained as a cart that can be ‘couped’ or tilted. (Pronounced /kaʊp/.)
ΚΠ
1875 Lanc. Gloss. Coup, a cart that can be couped or tilted. (N. Lancash.)
2. The load of such a cart.
ΚΠ
1679 in Archæol. & Hist. Coll. Ayr & Wigton (1884) IV. 149 For seven score sextine coups of fuilzie.

Compounds

attributive and in other combinations, as coup-load; coup-lining n. the boards forming the sides of a ‘coup’. Also coup-cart n.
ΚΠ
a1642 H. Best Farming & Memorandum Bks. (1984) 20 The best and readyest way for keeping in of the water..is to sette downe broade and close doore or coupe-lynings against some hecke or bridge.
a1642 H. Best Farming & Memorandum Bks. (1984) 112 As many coupe loads of redde clay.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1893; most recently modified version published online June 2021).

coupn.3

Brit. /kuː/, U.S. /ku/
Etymology: French coup /ku/ blow, stroke < Old French colp , cop = Provençal colp , cop , Italian colpo < late Latin colpus (Salic Law), colapus (Law of the Alemanns) blow, stroke, for Latin colaphus blow with the fist, cuff, < Greek κόλαϕος cuff, buffet. Adopted in Middle English in a literal sense, and naturalized in pronunciation (see coup n.1); re-introduced in the 18th cent. in figurative sense, as a non-naturalized word, with modern French pronunciation (except that in English the vowel is made long); it also occurs in many French phrases and expressions borrowed in English.
1. A blow, a stroke (that one sustains). rare.
ΚΠ
1793 F. Burney Lett. 4 Oct. This is a terrible coup, so soon after your union.
2.
a. A stroke, a move (that one makes); a successful move, a ‘hit’. †at one coup (= French tout d'un coup): at one stroke, at once.
ΘΚΠ
the world > action or operation > doing > [noun] > an act or deed
deedc825
i-wurhtc888
workOE
casec1325
acta1393
actiona1393
operationc1395
featc1420
exploitc1425
commissionc1475
factc1487
practice1547
part1561
practisement1581
issuea1616
performancea1616
performenta1641
factum1641
coup1791
stunt1904
the world > action or operation > prosperity > success > [noun] > one who or that which is successful > that which is successful > a successful stroke
gird1513
feat1564
grand coup1752
coup1791
tour de force1802
hit1811
ten-strike1840
bull's-eye1857
score1901
strike1901
the world > relative properties > number > specific numbers > one > only one > [adverb] > at one stroke
at oncea1300
at one coup1791
1791 Gentleman's Mag. 61 ii. 829 A corrupt majority, who have at one coup overthrown all that is good.
1845 B. Disraeli Sybil III. vi. ii. 161 Alfred is the only fellow who has made a coup.
1850 W. M. Thackeray Pendennis II. ii. 16 Henry Foker is engaged to his cousin..not a bad coup of Lady Rosherville's, that.
1883 D. C. Murray Hearts III. 77 He hailed the chance for a grand theatrical coup.
b. = coup d'état n. at sense 5a.
ΘΚΠ
society > authority > lack of subjection > rebelliousness > revolution > [noun] > coup d'état
coup d'état1646
stroke of state1783
pronunciamiento1833
coup1852
takeover1939
1852 N. Brit. Rev. 16 584 A tyranny..which it required the ..coup of the 9th Thermidor to overthrow.
1958 Economist 26 July 267 The coup in which Nuri es-Said..and the Hashemite dynasty were destroyed.
3. Billiards. The act of holing a ball without its first striking another ball, which occasions a forfeit. Esp. in to run a coup.
ΘΚΠ
society > leisure > entertainment > pastimes > game > billiards, pool, or snooker > [noun] > actions or types of play
raking1674
coup1744
Whitechapel play1755
bricole1775
trailing1775
star1839
cannoning1841
safety1844
spotting1849
billiard-sharping1865
stringing1873
safety play1896
potting1909
1744 ‘J. Love’ Cricket i. 5 Or when the Ball, close cushion'd, slides askew, And to the op'ning Pocket runs, a Cou.
1834 M. Edgeworth Helen I. xv. 133 He..took his antagonist's ball for his own, ran a coup, and finished in a passion by tearing the cloth with his cue.
1850 H. G. Bohn et al. Hand-bk. Games 608 The player may lose a life..by running a coup.
1861 Chambers's Encycl. II. 98/2 The points of the game are..1 for a miss,..and 3 for ‘running a coo’.
1873 J. Bennett & ‘Cavendish’ Billiards 5 A miss lost one and a coup three.
1908 Strand Mag. Feb. 194 All that it is necessary to do is to run a coup with the cue ball into the centre pocket.
4. Among North American Indians: A successful stroke; esp. one that captures the weapon or horse of an enemy. Also attributive, as coup-stick n. (see quot. 18762).
ΘΚΠ
society > armed hostility > military equipment > weapon > club or stick > [noun] > pole or staff
roodOE
staffc1000
reppleOE
slot-staff1561
long-staff1595
bone-baster1600
handstaff1611
ballowa1616
watch pole1712
coup-stick1876
1841 G. Catlin Lett. N. Amer. Indians I. iv. 27 Each one..recited his exploits, and his ‘coups’ or deaths.
1876 R. I. Dodge Plains Great West in J. S. Farmer Dict. Americanisms Giving the Coup..the term indicates that it was..named by the old French trappers, predecessors of the Hudson Bay Company. When a foe has been struck down in a fight, the scalp belongs to him who shall first strike the body with knife or tomahawk. This is the coup.
1876 J. G. Bourke Diary 15 June (2003) I. 317 Young warriors..making coup sticks, which are long willow branches, about 12 feet from end to end, stripped of leaves & bark and having each some distinctive mark in the way of feathers, bells, [etc.]... Hence in dividing the spoil, each man claims the animal first struck by his coup stick.
1921 Glasgow Herald 12 Nov. 7 Chief Plenty Coos laid his coupstick (symbol of tribal authority) and his war bonnet on the tomb.
1963 Beaver Summer 33/2 Befeathered coup stick (to touch an enemy or count coup was a braver act than killing him).
5. French phrases frequent in English use.
a. coup d'état n. /ku deta/ [French état state] a sudden and decisive stroke of state policy; spec. a sudden and great change in the government carried out violently or illegally by the ruling power.
ΘΚΠ
society > authority > rule or government > politics > [noun] > political actions or practice > sudden stroke of state policy
coup d'état1646
society > authority > lack of subjection > rebelliousness > revolution > [noun] > coup d'état
coup d'état1646
stroke of state1783
pronunciamiento1833
coup1852
takeover1939
1646 J. Howell Lustra Ludovici 157 These were the two first Coups d'estat, stroaks of State that he made.
1811 Duke of Wellington Dispatches (1838) VIII. 352 I shall be sorry to commence the era of peace by a coup d'état such as that which I had in contemplation.
1859 T. P. Thompson Audi Alteram Partem II. xcviii. 87 A coup d'état as effectual for the time as that of Louis Napoleon [2 Dec. 1851].
b. coup de force n. /ku də fɔrs/ [literal stroke of force] a sudden, violent action.
ΘΚΠ
the world > action or operation > manner of action > violent action or operation > [noun] > sudden or rapid > instance of
coup de force1835
wham-bam1975
1835 J. S. Mill in London Rev. Oct. 277 Their tampering with that measure was a coup de force.
1949 I. Deutscher Stalin xiii. 535 The only chance of breaking out of their impasse lay in a coup de force.
c. coup de foudre n. /ku də fudr/ [literally stroke of lightning] a sudden unforeseen occurrence; a revelation; also, love at first sight.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > mental capacity > expectation > quality of being unforeseen > [noun] > that which is unforeseen
the chapter of accidents1738
coup de foudre1779
imprévu1854
1779 Mrs. E. Boscawen Let. 23 June in C. Aspinall-Oglander Admiral's Widow (1942) xvii. 96 This sentence..was a perfect coup de foudre bursting amidst our tranquil scenes.
1936 ‘R. Hyde’ Check to your King xiv. 163 Rumours of similar French coups de foudre were everywhere.
1955 Times 28 July 10/6 There is the first sight of it, virgin and gleaming from the makers, and the coup de foudre that makes us instantly one with it.
d. coup de glotte n. /ku də ɡlɔt/ [French glotte glottis] the glottal stop.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > language > linguistics > study of speech sound > speech sound > speech sound by place or organ > [noun] > glottal
catch1788
glottal catch (also stop1877
glottid1883
coup de glotte1909
recursive1924
stød1954
1909 in Webster's New Internat. Dict. Eng. Lang.
1922 G. B. Shaw Let. 27 Jan. (1960) 16 Afterall and Westminsterabbey may have to be unlearned for the stage, as the coup de glotte before a vowel, German fashion, is often necessary for emphasis, audibility in a big house.
1962 John o' London's 19 July 65/3 The much-abused, but little understood, coup de glotte.
e. coup de grâce n. /ku də ɡras/ [literally stroke of grace] a blow by which one condemned or mortally wounded is ‘put out of his misery’ or dispatched quickly; hence figurative a finishing stroke, one that settles or puts an end to something.
ΘΚΠ
the world > action or operation > completing > [noun] > that which > finishing touch or crowning act
copestone1567
last hand1567
colophon1628
capstone1685
grace stroke1686
finishing stroke1695
coup de grâce1699
touch-up1733
finish1779
crowner1815
coping-stone1860
grace note1922
topper1940
the world > life > death > killing > killing for specific reason > [noun] > mercy killing
coup de grâce1699
mercy-stroke1702
stroke of grace1837
euthanasia1869
death control1917
mercy killing1925
the world > relative properties > order > order, sequence, or succession > end or conclusion > [noun] > coming or bringing to an end > bringing to an end > that which or one who
enderc1405
finisher1526
concluder1601
coup de grâce1699
settler1744
closer1961
1699 S. Garth Dispensary iv. 43 Whilst Poor Pretenders trifle o're a Case, You but appear, and give the Coup de Grace.
1745 P. Thomas True Jrnl. Voy. South-Seas 326 Not being indulged, like other Malefactors, with the Coup de Grace, the favourable Blow, to put an End to their Pain.
1820 Blackwood's Edinb. Mag. 6 481/1 Whenever the baker's stomach fails him, he meets his coup de grace in the adulterated drugs of his friend the apothecary.
f. coup de main n. /ku də mɛ̃/ [literally stroke of hand] ‘a sudden and vigorous attack, for the purpose of instantaneously capturing a position’ (Stocqueler Mil. Encycl.); also transferred.
ΘΚΠ
society > armed hostility > attack > [noun]
fiend-reseOE
frumresec1275
assault1297
sault1297
inracea1300
sailing13..
venuea1330
checkc1330
braid1340
affrayc1380
outrunningc1384
resinga1387
wara1387
riota1393
assailc1400
assayc1400
onset1423
rake?a1425
pursuitc1425
assemblinga1450
brunta1450
oncominga1450
assembly1487
envaya1500
oncomea1500
shovea1500
front1523
scry1523
attemptate1524
assaulting1548
push1565
brash1573
attempt1584
affront?1587
pulse1587
affret1590
saliaunce1590
invasion1591
assailment1592
insultation1596
aggressa1611
onslaught1613
source1616
confronta1626
impulsion1631
tentative1632
essaya1641
infall1645
attack1655
stroke1698
insult1710
coup de main1759
onfall1837
hurrah1841
beat-up of quarters1870
offensive1887
strafe1915
grand slam1916
hop-over1918
run1941
strike1942
1759 Ann. Reg. 1758 373/2 Coup de main, and Manœuvre, might be excusable in Marshal Saxe.
1779 J. Moore View Society & Manners France II. liv. 46 Laudohn retook it..by the most brilliant coup-de-main that perhaps ever was struck.
1801 Duke of Wellington Dispatches (1837) I. 365 This place can be taken by a coup de main, and probably in no other manner.
1875 C. Clery Minor Tactics xiii. 169 To secure the guns from the coup de main on the left.
g. coup d'œil /ku dœj/ [French œil eye] :
(a) A glance taking in a general view; concrete a view or scene as it strikes the eye at a glance.
ΘΚΠ
the world > physical sensation > sight and vision > a look or glance > [noun] > survey
overlook1584
survey1589
coup d'œil1739
periscope1825
eye sweep1833
oversight1889
the world > physical sensation > sight and vision > thing seen > [noun] > view or scenery
regardc1500
prospect1573
discovery1587
prospective1599
view1606
perspective1612
landscape?a1645
vista1657
coup d'œil1739
scape1773
survey1821
outlook1828
eyeshot1860
outscape1868
1739 T. Gray Let. 21 Nov. in Corr. (1971) I. 130 This is the first coup d'œil, and is almost all I am yet able to give you an account of.
1785 European Mag. 8 468 The spot is a beautiful coup d'œil, a woody recess.
1837 J. Richardson Brit. Legion (ed. 2) i. 2 We embraced one of the most magnificent coup-d'œils it is possible to conceive.
1890 Eng. Illustr. Mag. No. 87. 227 The first magnificent coup d'œil.
(b) Military. The action or faculty of rapidly taking a general view of a position and estimating its advantages and disadvantages.
ΘΚΠ
society > armed hostility > military operations > [noun] > reconnaissance > rapid
coup d'œil1839
1839 C. Napier in W. N. Bruce Life Gen. C. Napier (1885) iv. 127 This is my first coup d'œil, and may be a very erroneous one.
1853 J. H. Stocqueler Mil. Encycl.
1864 W. H. Ainsworth John Law I. i. iv. 199 He was but a mediocre general, lacking the coup d'œil of genius.
h. coup de poing n. /ku də pwɛ̃/ [literally stroke of fist] a Chellean implement in the form of a shaped flint; a hand-axe; also attributive.
ΘΚΠ
society > occupation and work > equipment > tool > types of tools generally > prehistoric tool > [noun] > types of
flintstonec1400
celt1748
fairy hammer1815
axe1851
flint-flake1851
stone-axe1864
flake-knife1865
scraper1865
thumb-flint1865
tool-stone1865
saddle quern1867
fabricator1872
grattoir1872
hammer-stone1872
tribrach1873
flake1875
hand-axe1878
pick1888
turtle-back1890
racloir1892
eolith1895
pebble chopper1895
palaeotalith1897
tranchet1899
point1901
pygmy flint1907
microlith1908
Gravette1911
keeled scraper1911
lissoir1911
coup de poing1912
end-scraper1915
burin1916
rostro-carinate1919
tortoise core1919
blade1921
axe-adze1925
petit tranchet1926
tournette1927
pebble tool1931
raclette1932
biface1934
cleaver1935
thumbnail scraper1937
microblade1959
linguate1966
1912 R. Munro Palæolithic Man ii. 30 The Saint Acheul deposits, which have yielded an enormous quantity of flint implements of the coup-de-poing type.
1923 A. L. Kroeber Anthropol. xiv. 398 The coup-de-poing being a comparatively effective, regularly shaped, symmetrical implement involving both an ideal of form and a tolerable, rough skill to produce.
1932 Antiquity 6 190 These flake industries seem to be quite distinct from the coup-de-poing industries.
i. coup de soleil n. /ku də sɔlɛj/ [French soleil sun] a sunstroke. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > environmental disorders > [noun] > sunstroke or heatstroke
sun heatOE
calenture1593
insolation1758
coup de soleil1772
sunstroke1787
star-stroke1837
touch of the sun1867
thermoplegia1909
1772 Duchess of Northumberland Diary 23 Apr. (1926) 166 The use is to prevent the wearer from receiving a Coup de Soleil.
1794 R. J. Sulivan View of Nature I. 260 Even a coup de soleil is to be counteracted by the external application of..volatile alkali.
1814 Q. Rev. Oct. 202 Many European soldiers [in India] were struck dead by a coup de soleil.
1834 T. Medwin Angler in Wales I. 4 I..got the malaria at Rome, a coup-de-soleil at Naples.
1867 S. W. Baker Nile Tributaries Abyssinia xxii. 553 Bacheet had a slight coup de soleil.
j. coup de théâtre n. /ku də teɑtr/ a theatrical hit; a sensational turn or action in a play; transferred any sudden sensational act.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > mental capacity > expectation > feeling of wonder, astonishment > quality of inspiring wonder > [noun] > act or achievement
wonder-work971
wonder?1473
miracle1586
coup d'éclat1668
coup de théâtre1747
society > leisure > the arts > performance arts > drama > a play > [noun] > other parts of play
narration1586
coup de théâtre1747
tableau1808
sparagmos1949
parabasis1952
1747 H. Walpole Lett. to H. Mann June 26 This coup de theâtre procured Knight his Irish coronet.
1889 J. Morley Walpole xi. 225 The House of Commons is the worst place in the world for coups de théatre.
k. coup de vent n. /ku də vɑ̃/ [French vent wind] a whirlwind; a gale.
ΘΚΠ
the world > the earth > weather and the atmosphere > weather > wind > [noun] > strong or violent wind > whirlwind or tornado
thodec725
storbilonc1315
whirlwinda1340
whirl-puffa1382
whirly-wind14..
rodion?a1439
tourbillion1477
trobelliona1500
hurlwind1509
typhon1555
whirler1606
travado1625
tornado1626
wild winda1661
turbo1677
vortexa1700
tornade1727
twirlwind1770
whirl-blast1800
coup de vent1831
twirlblast1865
twister1897
1831 B. Disraeli Young Duke I. i. xi. 93 Oh, what a coup-de-vent!
1853 C. Brontë Villette I. xiii. 237 Monsieur went off like a coup de vent the other night.
l. In other phrases, now rare or obsolete in English use, as coup d'éclat, a stroke which makes a sensation; coup d'essai, a first attempt; coup de maître, an action worthy of a master, a master-stroke.
ΘΚΠ
the world > action or operation > doing > [noun] > an act or deed > exceptional or remarkable
adventurec1300
bearinga1387
feata1400
hardiment1487
facta1525
derring-do1579
achievement1583
adventry1616
coup d'éclat1668
exploit1725
venture1810
stunt1892
a hard act to follow1942
the world > action or operation > endeavour > [noun] > an attempt > a first attempt
coup d'essai1668
cockshy1891
the mind > mental capacity > expectation > feeling of wonder, astonishment > quality of inspiring wonder > [noun] > act or achievement
wonder-work971
wonder?1473
miracle1586
coup d'éclat1668
coup de théâtre1747
the world > action or operation > ability > skill or skilfulness > [noun] > display of skill > an act or feat of skill > masterly
master-prize1604
masterpiece1607
coup de maître1668
master touch1687
masterstroke1691
1668 J. Dryden Of Dramatick Poesie 54 Any Character or humour wherein he would show a Coup de Maistre, or his highest skill.
1676 G. Etherege Man of Mode iv. ii. 72 Sir Fop...I have been endeavouring at a song!.. 'Tis my Coup d' Essay in English.
1712 R. Steele Spectator No. 324. ⁋1 To put the Watch to a total Rout, and mortify some of those inoffensive Militia, is reckon'd a Coup d'éclat.
1760 S. Foote Minor i. 26 Ay, that will be a coup de maîtro.
a1777 S. Foote Devil upon Two Sticks (1778) iii. 69 It may do for a coup d'essai, and prove no bad foundation for a future engagement.
1819 T. E. Bowdich Mission to Ashantee i. vi. 123 It would be a coup d'éclat much more important and agreeable, if he could settle the Warsaw palaver as well.
1845 J. W. Croker in Q. Rev. Sept. 526 This work seems..to be a respectable coup d'essai, written with some thought.
1894 A. Conan Doyle Mem. Sherlock Holmes 270 There are limits..to our friend's intelligence. It would have been a coup-de-maître had he deduced what I would deduce and acted accordingly.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1893; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

coupcowpv.1

Brit. /kaʊp/, U.S. /kaʊp/, Scottish English /kʌʊp/
Origin: A borrowing from early Scandinavian. Etymon: Norse kaup-a.
Etymology: < Old Norse kaup-a to buy, bargain, barter, exchange, = Gothic kaupôn to traffic, trade, buy and sell, Old Saxon côpôn , Old High German choufôn , Old English céapian : see cheap v. A northern word, the senses of which run parallel to those of the cognate cope v.3 from Low German, of which it is often viewed as a mere dialectal variant.
Scottish and northern dialect.
1. transitive. To buy; figurative to abye, pay for, suffer for. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
society > authority > punishment > [verb (transitive)] > submit to or receive punishment
underliec960
suffera1250
coupc1300
payc1384
get?a1513
drink1677
to take out1910
society > morality > virtue > righteousness or rectitude > reform, amendment, or correction > atonement > atone for [verb (transitive)] > by suffering
coupc1300
quita1400
smarta1425
expiate1665
c1300 Havelok (Laud) (1868) 1800 ‘No,’ quodh on, ‘þat shaltou coupe,’ And bigan til him to loupe.
2. To exchange, barter.
ΘΚΠ
society > trade and finance > barter > [verb (transitive)]
interchangec1374
changea1382
barterc1440
corsec1440
rore1440
truckc1440
coss14..
scorse1509
chafferc1535
to chop and change1549
chop1554
cope1570
excourse1593
swap1594
coupc1610
exchange1614
to trade off1676
rap1699
dicker1864
horse-trade1924
c1610 J. Melville Mem. Own Life (1683) 2 He had been couped from hand to hand, sometimes kept against his will as a captive.
1691 J. Ray N. Country Words in Coll. Eng. Words (ed. 2) 18 Coup, to exchange or swap: Horse-coupers, Horse-buyers.
1808 J. Jamieson Etymol. Dict. Sc. Lang. Coup, cowp, to exchange, to barter.
1855 F. K. Robinson Gloss. Yorks. Words 37 To Coup, to exchange. ‘Will you coup seats with me?’.. To have the ‘couping word’, the last or decisive word which shall fix the bargain or exchange.
1863 J. P. Robson Songs Bards of Tyne 356 There's Billy the Barber for coupin' see cliver.
1893 N.E.D. at Coup Mod. Sc. I'll coup knives with you.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1893; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

coupcoupev.2

/kuːp/
Forms: Also Middle English cope.
Etymology: < French couper to cut: compare cope v.4 a doublet of this.
1. transitive. To cut, slash. Obsolete. (Only in past participle.)
ΘΚΠ
the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > tailoring or making clothes > making footwear > make footwear [verb (transitive)] > carry out other processes
coupa1300
foot1465
unsole1598
close1801
galosha1817
top-piece1830
tree1856
sprig1885
knife1888
to knock up1905
spring1905
a1300 Syr Degarre 790 His sschon i-couped as a kniȝt.
1377 W. Langland Piers Plowman B. xviii. 14 To geten him gylte spores or galoches ycouped [C. y-coped, ykeped].
a1500 (?a1400) Sir Torrent of Portyngale (1887) l. 1193 With oute couped shone.
2. Heraldry. To cut off clean: see couped adj.
ΘΚΠ
society > communication > indication > insignia > heraldic devices collective > charge: device on shield > place charge on [verb (transitive)] > cut off
coup1610
1610 J. Guillim Display of Heraldrie iii. xiii. 125 Couping is when a part is cut off smooth.
1639 T. Fuller Hist. Holy Warre v. xxiv. 271 Piercing, voiding, fimbriating, ingrailing, couping [the cross].
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1893; most recently modified version published online December 2020).

coupv.3

Brit. /kaʊp/, U.S. /kaʊp/, Scottish English /kʌʊp/
Forms: Also Middle English caupe, 1700s cowp.
Etymology: probably originally the same word as cope v.2 (which had variant forms coupe , caupe ). From sense 1, we pass easily to that of ‘upset or overturn with a shock or impact’, and so to ‘upset, overturn, tilt’ generally; compare the sense history of tilt v.1
Scottish.
1. intransitive. To strike; to come to blows, meet in the shock of combat, tilt. Obsolete. See cope v.2
ΘΚΠ
society > armed hostility > armed encounter > contending in battle > contend in battle or give battle [verb (intransitive)] > join or meet in battle
to come togetherOE
to lay togetherc1275
smitec1275
to have, keep, make, smite, strike, battle1297
joustc1330
meetc1330
copec1350
assemblea1375
semblea1375
coup?a1400
to fight togethera1400
strikea1400
joinc1400
to join the battle1455
to commit battle?a1475
rencounter1497
to set ina1500
to pitch a battlea1513
concura1522
rescounter1543
scontre1545
journey1572
shock1575
yoke1581
to give in1610
mix1697
to engage a combat1855
to run (or ride) a-tilt1862
society > leisure > sport > types of sport or game > fighting sports > jousting or tilting > joust or tilt [verb (intransitive)]
playeOE
bourdisec1320
joustc1330
copec1350
tourney1390
coup?a1400
joustenc1400
to joust of warc1400
to run togetherc1410
bourda1500
to fight at barriers1532
runa1533
to run at (the) tilt1548
jostle1580
tilt1595
to break a treea1600
to run (or ride) a-tilt1608
to run tilt1831
?a1400 Morte Arth. 2059 Thane the comlyche kynge..With a crewelle launce cowpez fulle euene..emange the schortte rybbys.
c1400 Rowland & O. 453 In scheldes þay cowped full euen.
2. transitive. To overturn, upset, tilt; to empty out, as from a cart or wheelbarrow by suddenly tilting or the like; to toss off (a pot of liquor). to coup the crans, or creels: Scottish Fishery phrases; also figurative to cause or sustain an upset, be upset, come to grief; in various applications. (See cran n.2, creel n.1)
ΚΠ
a1572 J. Knox Hist. Reformation 203 (Jam.) The pure woman..coupit up his heilles so that his heid went down.
c1610 J. Melville Mem. Own Life (1735) 399 He is in hazard of being couped and wrecked.
a1796 R. Burns Poems & Songs (1968) I. 123 But stooks are cowpet wi' the blast.
1816 W. Scott Old Mortality ix, in Tales of my Landlord 1st Ser. IV. 173 The bairns would be left to..coup ane anither into the fire.
1818 W. Scott Heart of Mid-Lothian xi, in Tales of my Landlord 2nd Ser. IV. 234 She only spaes fortunes, and does not..coup cadgers' carts, or ony sort of mischief.
1832–53 Whistle-Binkie 3rd Ser. (Sc. Songs) 9 Let us coup aff our bicker, And toast meikle joy to the twa.
1874 Sunday Mag. 823 He just brings a cartload of texts and cowps them in.
1893 N.E.D. at Coup Mod. Sc. The horse ran away and coupit the cart.
3. intransitive. To be overturned or upset; to fall or tumble over; to capsize.
ΘΚΠ
the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > downward motion > falling > fall [verb (intransitive)] > capsize or be upset
whelma1300
overturna1393
overset1641
coup1787
upset1799
capsize1805
to turn the turtle1818
to go over1829
keela1860
to turn turtle1860
wintle1867
turtle1920
1787 R. Burns Death & Dr. Hornbook xviii, in Poems (new ed.) 63 I drew my scythe in sic a fury, I nearhand cowpit wi' my hurry.
1824 W. Scott Redgauntlet I. xi. 236 ‘Over he cowped as if he had been dead.’
1853 C. Reade Christie Johnstone 228 ‘She'll hae coupit a mile wast Inch Keith, an' the tide rinning aff the island.’
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1893; most recently modified version published online March 2022).
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n.11523n.21582n.31646v.1c1300v.2a1300v.3?a1400
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