aliphaticadj.n.

Brit.

/ˌalᵻˈfatɪk/, U.S.

/ˈˌæləˈˌfædɪk/

Origin: A borrowing from German, combined with an English element. Etymons: German aliphatisch , -ic suffix.

Etymology: < aliphat- (in German aliphatisch (1880 or earlier); < ancient Greek ἀλειϕατ- , ἄλειϕαρ unguent, fat ( < ἀλείϕειν to anoint: see aleiptic adj.) + -isch -ish suffix¹) + -ic suffix.

Chemistry.

A. adj.

Having a molecular structure based on an open-ended chain of carbon atoms; not aromatic (aromatic adj. 2).Sometimes extended to include closed chains of carbon atoms having no aromatic properties: cf. alicyclic adj.

ΘΚΠ

the world > matter > chemistry > organic chemistry > [adjective] > organic structure > aliphatic

aliphatic1882

1882 Nature 22 June 190/2 On the production of amides of mono-basic acids of the aliphatic series, by A W Hofmann.

1895 F. P. Möller Cod-liver Oil & Chem. 83 The aliphatic hydrocarbons.

1907 G. M. Norman Systematic Pract. Org. Chem. ii. viii. 76 Aliphatic amines are soluble in water, aromatic amines are insoluble.

1958 Sci. News 49 44 In general, dimethyl silicone fluids are readily soluble in aliphatic and aromatic hydrocarbons.

1988 New Scientist 7 July 54/1 The rhododendron also poisons the soil with short-chain aliphatic acids, deterring plant roots of other species.

2000 Old-house Jrnl. Jan. 44/3 Chuck also likes to glue his joints with common aliphatic resin carpenter's glue, a product unavailable to 18th century joiners.

B. n.

An aliphatic compound.

ΚΠ

1906 S. P. Sadtler & V. Coblentz Text-bk. Chem. (ed. 4) Index 727/2 Aliphatics, the.

1929 Proc. Royal Soc. A. 124 552 The structure of graphite resembles that of aromatics while the structure of diamond is analogous to that of aliphatics.

1984 Jrnl. Chromatogr. 288 187 The organic extracts [of diesel exhaust particulates] are separated into aliphatics, aromatics and polars.

2006 World Oil (Nexis) Dec. Ratios of aromatics and aliphatics may be computed from the infrared spectral data.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2012; most recently modified version published online December 2021).

单词	aliphatic
释义	aliphaticadj.n. Brit. /ˌalᵻˈfatɪk/, U.S. /ˈˌæləˈˌfædɪk/ Origin: A borrowing from German, combined with an English element. Etymons: German aliphatisch , -ic suffix. Etymology: < aliphat- (in German aliphatisch (1880 or earlier); < ancient Greek ἀλειϕατ- , ἄλειϕαρ unguent, fat ( < ἀλείϕειν to anoint: see aleiptic adj.) + -isch -ish suffix¹) + -ic suffix. Chemistry. A. adj. Having a molecular structure based on an open-ended chain of carbon atoms; not aromatic (aromatic adj. 2).Sometimes extended to include closed chains of carbon atoms having no aromatic properties: cf. alicyclic adj. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > chemistry > organic chemistry > [adjective] > organic structure > aliphatic aliphatic1882 1882 Nature 22 June 190/2 On the production of amides of mono-basic acids of the aliphatic series, by A W Hofmann. 1895 F. P. Möller Cod-liver Oil & Chem. 83 The aliphatic hydrocarbons. 1907 G. M. Norman Systematic Pract. Org. Chem. ii. viii. 76 Aliphatic amines are soluble in water, aromatic amines are insoluble. 1958 Sci. News 49 44 In general, dimethyl silicone fluids are readily soluble in aliphatic and aromatic hydrocarbons. 1988 New Scientist 7 July 54/1 The rhododendron also poisons the soil with short-chain aliphatic acids, deterring plant roots of other species. 2000 Old-house Jrnl. Jan. 44/3 Chuck also likes to glue his joints with common aliphatic resin carpenter's glue, a product unavailable to 18th century joiners. B. n. An aliphatic compound. ΚΠ 1906 S. P. Sadtler & V. Coblentz Text-bk. Chem. (ed. 4) Index 727/2 Aliphatics, the. 1929 Proc. Royal Soc. A. 124 552 The structure of graphite resembles that of aromatics while the structure of diamond is analogous to that of aliphatics. 1984 Jrnl. Chromatogr. 288 187 The organic extracts [of diesel exhaust particulates] are separated into aliphatics, aromatics and polars. 2006 World Oil (Nexis) Dec. Ratios of aromatics and aliphatics may be computed from the infrared spectral data. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2012; most recently modified version published online December 2021). < adj.n.1882
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