alcalden.

Brit.

/alˈkaldi/,

/alˈkɑːldi/, U.S.

/ɑlˈkɑldi/,

/ælˈkɑldi/

Forms: 1500s arcaldo, 1500s– alcalde, 1600s–1800s alcade, 1800s alcayde, 1900s– alcadé.

Origin: A borrowing from Spanish. Etymon: Spanish alcalde.

Etymology: < Spanish alcalde (11th cent.) < Arabic al-qāḍī < al the + qāḍī judge (see cadi n.), with epenthetic -l- , probably by assimilation of consonants. Compare post-classical Latin alchadius (1123 in a Spanish source), alcaldus , alcaldis , alcadus (14th cent. in British sources). Compare earlier alcayde n. and the Portuguese noun cited at that entry.In form alcade after French alcade (1581 in Middle French; < Spanish; earlier as arcade (1323 in an isolated attestation), alcalde (1576)); compare Spanish †alcade (13th cent., rare). In form alcayde apparently by confusion with alcayde n.

Originally: (in Spain and Portugal) a magistrate or mayor of a town. In later use: (in the United States and parts of South America) an administrative officer of a town with the powers of a magistrate or a justice of the peace; the principal administrative person in an American mining camp (now historical).

ΘΚΠ

society > law > administration of justice > one who administers justice > [noun] > magistrate in city or borough > municipal magistrates in European countries

jurat1432

alcalde1581

corregidor1592

1581 T. Styward Pathwaie to Martiall Discipline i. 7 Next the maister of a campe hath to appoynt an Agozzino, Arcaldo, or a Prouest, who..must haue regard that hee entertaine a conuenient retinue of assistauntes.

1589 J. Sparke in R. Hakluyt Princ. Navigations iii. 529 The tenth day..we departed from thence, and the fifteenth had sight of nine Islands, called the Testigos: and the sixeteenth, of an Island, called Margarita, where we were entertayned by the Alcalde.

1607 J. Nicholl Houre Glasse Indian Newes sig. e4^v Then one Alcalde who was alway found a fauourer of English men..called for our Examination, which when he had perused, he told him that he could not with Iustice commit vs.

1666 London Gaz. lxi/2 The Alcalde sent an Alguazil..to the Admiral.

1726 T. Southerne Money the Mistress iv. i. 43 O, Colonel, if you had not come as you did, my Daughter had been sent to the Alcade of Alcazor, to be devoured.

1803 Acct. of Louisiana 29 There are two Alcaldes, whose jurisdiction, civil and criminal, extends through the city of New Orleans and five leagues around it.

1832 W. Irving Alhambra in Wks. (1840) II. 199 Abu Alahmar, when he arrived at manly years, was appointed alcayde or governor of Arjona and Jaen.

1847 T. De Quincey Spanish Mil. Nun xxiii, in Wks. (1854) III. 76 The alcade personally renewed his regrets for the ridiculous scene of the two scampish oculists.

1855 J. L. Motley Rise Dutch Republic II. iii. v. 305 A requisitory letter to the alcades, corregidors, and other judges of Castile.

1911 Encycl. Digest Texas Rep. (Civil Cases) II. 489/2 The property was seized under the order of a Mexican alcadé.

1930 F. E. Barns in J. F. Dobie Man, Bird & Beast 139 As Alcalde of the District of the Colorado, James Cummins was the logical person to receive such information from Austin.

1951 M. M. Mathews Dict. Americanisms I. p. vii In the days of the Gold Rush, western miners, in organizing local governments, provided for the election of alcaldes rather than mayors.

1984 R. Silverberg Conglomeroid Cocktail Party 230 Don Luis drew a bottle of mescal from a niche and handed it to the alcalde, who took a swig.

2003 Isis 94 356/1 Spanish and Mexican governors and alcaldes (local officials) encouraged claimants to work out mutually satisfactory arrangements.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2012; most recently modified version published online December 2021).

单词	alcalde
释义	alcalden. Brit. /alˈkaldi/, /alˈkɑːldi/, U.S. /ɑlˈkɑldi/, /ælˈkɑldi/ Forms: 1500s arcaldo, 1500s– alcalde, 1600s–1800s alcade, 1800s alcayde, 1900s– alcadé. Origin: A borrowing from Spanish. Etymon: Spanish alcalde. Etymology: < Spanish alcalde (11th cent.) < Arabic al-qāḍī < al the + qāḍī judge (see cadi n.), with epenthetic -l- , probably by assimilation of consonants. Compare post-classical Latin alchadius (1123 in a Spanish source), alcaldus , alcaldis , alcadus (14th cent. in British sources). Compare earlier alcayde n. and the Portuguese noun cited at that entry.In form alcade after French alcade (1581 in Middle French; < Spanish; earlier as arcade (1323 in an isolated attestation), alcalde (1576)); compare Spanish †alcade (13th cent., rare). In form alcayde apparently by confusion with alcayde n. Originally: (in Spain and Portugal) a magistrate or mayor of a town. In later use: (in the United States and parts of South America) an administrative officer of a town with the powers of a magistrate or a justice of the peace; the principal administrative person in an American mining camp (now historical). ΘΚΠ society > law > administration of justice > one who administers justice > [noun] > magistrate in city or borough > municipal magistrates in European countries jurat1432 alcalde1581 corregidor1592 1581 T. Styward Pathwaie to Martiall Discipline i. 7 Next the maister of a campe hath to appoynt an Agozzino, Arcaldo, or a Prouest, who..must haue regard that hee entertaine a conuenient retinue of assistauntes. 1589 J. Sparke in R. Hakluyt Princ. Navigations iii. 529 The tenth day..we departed from thence, and the fifteenth had sight of nine Islands, called the Testigos: and the sixeteenth, of an Island, called Margarita, where we were entertayned by the Alcalde. 1607 J. Nicholl Houre Glasse Indian Newes sig. e4^v Then one Alcalde who was alway found a fauourer of English men..called for our Examination, which when he had perused, he told him that he could not with Iustice commit vs. 1666 London Gaz. lxi/2 The Alcalde sent an Alguazil..to the Admiral. 1726 T. Southerne Money the Mistress iv. i. 43 O, Colonel, if you had not come as you did, my Daughter had been sent to the Alcade of Alcazor, to be devoured. 1803 Acct. of Louisiana 29 There are two Alcaldes, whose jurisdiction, civil and criminal, extends through the city of New Orleans and five leagues around it. 1832 W. Irving Alhambra in Wks. (1840) II. 199 Abu Alahmar, when he arrived at manly years, was appointed alcayde or governor of Arjona and Jaen. 1847 T. De Quincey Spanish Mil. Nun xxiii, in Wks. (1854) III. 76 The alcade personally renewed his regrets for the ridiculous scene of the two scampish oculists. 1855 J. L. Motley Rise Dutch Republic II. iii. v. 305 A requisitory letter to the alcades, corregidors, and other judges of Castile. 1911 Encycl. Digest Texas Rep. (Civil Cases) II. 489/2 The property was seized under the order of a Mexican alcadé. 1930 F. E. Barns in J. F. Dobie Man, Bird & Beast 139 As Alcalde of the District of the Colorado, James Cummins was the logical person to receive such information from Austin. 1951 M. M. Mathews Dict. Americanisms I. p. vii In the days of the Gold Rush, western miners, in organizing local governments, provided for the election of alcaldes rather than mayors. 1984 R. Silverberg Conglomeroid Cocktail Party 230 Don Luis drew a bottle of mescal from a niche and handed it to the alcalde, who took a swig. 2003 Isis 94 356/1 Spanish and Mexican governors and alcaldes (local officials) encouraged claimants to work out mutually satisfactory arrangements. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2012; most recently modified version published online December 2021). < n.1581
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