† copn.¹

Etymology: Old Northumbrian copp ? masculine, cup, vessel, corresponding to Old Norse kopp-r cup, small vessel, Middle Dutch cop(p) , Middle Low German and Dutch kop drinking-cup, Old High German chopf , Middle High German kopf beaker, bowl, generally thought to be akin in origin to Old English cuppe (feminine), cup n. Medieval Latin had both coppa and cuppa; compare Italian coppa, Provençal copa, French coupe: the relations between the Germanic and Romanic words are difficult to determine. Copp and cuppe apparently came down into Middle English as distinct words; but Middle English had also coppe , apparently a mixture of the two, or a northern form of cuppe , cup n., assimilated to copp . It is not possible to separate the plural of copp from that of coppe , and the examples of coppes have consequently been all considered under cup n.; but it is possible that some of them belong here.

Obsolete.

a. A drinking-vessel, a cup.

ΘΚΠ

the world > food and drink > drink > containers for drink > drinking vessel > [noun]

chalicec825

napeOE

copc950

fullOE

cupc1000

canOE

shalec1075

scalec1230

maselin?a1300

mazer1311

richardine1352

dish1381

fiole1382

pece1383

phialc1384

gobletc1400

bowl-cup1420

chalice-cup1420

crusec1420

mazer-cup1434

goddard1439

stoup1452

bicker1459

cowl1476

tankard1485

stop1489

hanapa1513

skull1513

Maudlin cup1544

Magdalene cup?a1549

mazer bowl1562

skew1567

shell1577

godet1580

mazard1584

bousing-can1590

cushion1594

glove1609

rumkin1636

Maudlin pot1638

Pimlico1654

mazer dish1656

mug1664

tumbler1664

souce1688

streaker1694

ox-eye1703

false-cup1708

tankard-cup1745

poculum1846

phiale1867

tumbler-cup1900

stem-cup1915

sippy cup1986

c950 Lindisf. Gosp. Mark ix. 41 Sua hua..drinca geseleð iuh calic vel copp wætres on noma minum.

c950 Lindisf. Gosp. John xix. 29 Bolla full vel copp full of æcced.

a1500 (a1460) Towneley Plays (1994) I. xii. 117 1 Pastor. I drynk for my parte. 2nd Pastor. Abyde, lett cop reyll!

a1513 W. Dunbar Poems (1998) I. 152 Him followit mony fowll drunckart, With can and collep, cop and quart.

b. to drink or play cop-out: to drain the cup.

ΚΠ

?1507 W. Dunbar Poems (1998) I. 92 Drynkand and playand cop out evin.

1535 W. Stewart tr. H. Boethius Bk. Cron. Scotl. (1858) II. 631 At euirilk draucht tha playit ay cop out.

1817 W. Scott Rob Roy III. ii. 42 Drink clean cap-out, like Sir Hildebrand.

2. A measure of quantity: the fourth of a Scottish peck; now also cap n.³ 2. [Perhaps a different word.]

ΚΠ

1497 Haliburton's Ledger in C. Innes Scotl. in Middle Ages (1860) viii. 245 4 copis of fegis, cost 20 g. the cop.

1497 Haliburton's Ledger in C. Innes Scotl. in Middle Ages (1860) viii. 245 2 copis of raysins cost 5s. the cop.

Compounds

cop-ambry n. a chest or closet for cups and vessels.

ΚΠ

15.. Aberdeen Reg. (Jam.) A langsald bed, a copamry, & ane schuring.

1792 Spalding's Hist. Troubles Scotl. (new ed.) I. 157 They brake down beds, boards, cap ambries, glass windows, [etc.].

cop-house n. a house or room for the same purpose.

ΚΠ

1542 Inventories (Jam.) Memorandum, thir veschell underwritten..In the cophous, etc.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1893; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

copn.²

Brit.

/kɒp/, U.S.

/kɑp/

Forms: Old English– cop, Middle English–1600s coppe, (1600s cops).

Etymology: Old English cop , copp top, summit; generally thought to be identical with cop n.¹, since in Middle Dutch cop developed (after 12th cent.) the sense ‘skull’ and then ‘head’, and kopf was in Middle High German ‘cup’, in modern German ‘head’. Compare also the analogy of Latin testa pot, shell, skull, Italian testa, French tête head. But in Old English the sense ‘skull’ or even ‘head’ is not known, only that of ‘top, summit’, which hardly runs parallel with the words in the other languages, besides being so much earlier. It is possible that the two words are distinct or only related farther back. (One might suppose that kop(p) top, was the native Old English word, and copp of the Northumbrian Gospels < Old Norse kopp'r : but the whole subject of the history and origin of these words in Germanic is very obscure: see Kluge, and Franck, also cup n.) There was also an Old French coppe , summit (compare coperoun n.), by which this word may have been influenced. The word occurs in many names of hills (compare sense 1b), as Coulderton Cop, Kinniside Cop in Cumberland, Meltham Cop near Huddersfield, Mowl Cop in Cheshire, Fin Cop in Derbyshire, etc.

I. The summit or crest, and related uses.

a. The top or summit of anything. Obsolete or dialect.

ΘΚΠ

the world > space > relative position > high position > [noun] > highest point or top

headOE

copa1000

heightOE

topc1000

highestlOE

crest1382

coperounc1400

summita1425

summity?a1425

toppet1439

altitude?a1475

upperest1484

principala1533

pitcha1552

supremity1584

culm1587

period1595

spire1600

upward1608

cope1609

fastigium1641

vertex1641

culmen1646

supreme1652

tip-top1702

peak1785

helm1893

altaltissimo1975

a1000 Aldhelm Gl. (Mone) 1576 (Bosw.) Coppe, summitate.

c1275 (?a1200) Laȝamon Brut (Calig.) (1963) l. 3880 & þa turres cop [c1300 Otho toppe] mihte wreon a cniht mid his capen.

c1290 S. Eng. Leg. I. 59/185 A gret treo, So heiȝ þat he was a-drad toward þe coppe i-seo.

c1385 G. Chaucer Legend Good Women Thisbe. 738 This wal..Was clove a two ryght from the cop a-doun.

a1387 J. Trevisa tr. R. Higden Polychron. (St. John's Cambr.) (1865) I. 81 In Ynde beeþ trees, þat haueþ coppis as hiȝe as me schal schete wiþ an arwe.

c1405 (c1387–95) G. Chaucer Canterbury Tales Prol. (Hengwrt) (2003) l. 556 Vp on the cop right of his nose he haade A werte, and theron stood a tuft of heerys.

a1425 (c1395) Bible (Wycliffite, L.V.) (Royal) (1850) Jer. ii. 16 [Thei] han defoulid thee, til to the cop of the heed.

c1440 Promptorium Parvulorum 91 Coppe or coper of a other thynge [King's Cambr. top of an hey thyng; 1499 Pynson coppe of an hye thinge], cacumen.

1578 H. Lyte tr. R. Dodoens Niewe Herball ii. lix. 225 Y^e floures..lacke suche a come or coppe.

1610 P. Holland tr. W. Camden Brit. i. 271 The wals..want their battlements, curtain, and coppe.

1611 R. Cotgrave Dict. French & Eng. Tongues Pignon, a Finiall, Cop, or small Pinacle on the ridge or top of a house.

1879 G. Meredith Egoist I. 255 A venerable gentleman for whom a white hair grew on the cop of his nose.]

b. esp. of a hill.

ΘΚΠ

the world > the earth > land > landscape > high land > hill or mountain > [noun] > summit

knollc888

knapc1000

copc1374

crest?a1400

head?a1425

summit1481

summitya1500

mountain topa1522

hilltop1530

stump1664

scalp1810

bald1838

van1871

dod1878

berg-top1953

c1374 G. Chaucer tr. Boethius De Consol. Philos. ii. iv. 44 On þe cop of þe mountayngne.

c1384 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Douce 369(2)) (1850) Luke iv. 29 And ledde him to the cop of the hil in [emended in ed. to on] which the cite of hem is foundid.

c1400 Mandeville's Trav. (1839) iii. 17 Aboven at the Cop of the Hille is the Eir so cleer.

c1430 Life St. Kath. (1884) 63 In þe coppe of the hille plente of oyle welleth oute largely.

1599 J. Lok in R. Hakluyt Princ. Navigations (new ed.) II. i. 107 This cape is a highhil [sic]..and on the East corner it hath a high cop.

1628 E. Coke 1st Pt. Inst. Lawes Eng. i i. §1 (note) Cope signifieth a Hill, and so doth Lawe.

1727 N. Bailey Universal Etymol. Eng. Dict. II Cop, Cope, at the beginning of the Name, signifies a Top of an Hill, as Copeland.]

†c. The head. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > life > the body > external parts of body > head > [noun]

nolleOE

headOE

topa1225

copc1264

scalpa1300

chiefc1330

crownc1330

jowla1400

poll?a1400

testea1400

ball in the hoodc1400

palleta1425

noddle?1507

costard?1515

nab?1536

neck1560

coxcomb1567

sconce1567

now1568

headpiece1579

mazer1581

mazardc1595

cockcomb1602

costrel1604

cranion1611

pasha1616

noddle pate1622

block1635

cranium1647

sallet1652

poundrel1664

nob1699

crany?1730

knowledge box1755

noodle1762

noggin1769

napper1785

garret1796

pimple1811

knowledge-casket1822

coco1828

cobbra1832

coconut1834

top-piece1838

nut1841

barnet1857

twopenny1859

chump1864

topknot1869

conk1870

masthead1884

filbert1886

bonce1889

crumpet1891

dome1891

roof1897

beanc1905

belfry1907

hat rack1907

melon1907

box1908

lemon1923

loaf1925

pound1933

sconec1945

nana1966

c1264 Song against King of Almaine in Pol. Songs (Camd.) 70 Sire Simond de Montfort hath suore by ys cop.

c1275 Laȝamon Brut 684 Bi þe coppe [c1205 þone toppe] he him nam, also he hine wolde slean.

c1326 Poem on Times Edw. II in Pol. Songs 326 And there shal symonye ben taken bi the cop.

?a1600 Robin Hood 28 in Furniv. Percy Folio I. 27 A payre of blacke breeches the yeoman had on, his coppe all shone of steele.

†d. A crest on the head of a bird. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > animals > birds > parts of or bird defined by > [noun] > head > feathers on

cop1483

top1578

copple1600

copple-crowna1635

topping1694

mufty1829

muff1850

ear tab1851

calotte1874

aigrette1917

1483 Cath. Angl. 75 Cop, cirrus, crista est auium.

1570 P. Levens Manipulus Vocabulorum sig. Oii/1 Y^e Cop on a birds head, cristale.

1606 P. Holland tr. Suetonius Hist. Twelve Caesars 23 The blacke cop, or hair-like fethers that it carieth upon the head.

1694 Philos. Trans. 1693 (Royal Soc.) 17 995 The one has a tufted Cops on the Head, the other is smooth feather'd.

1787 T. Best Conc. Treat. Angling (ed. 2) 89 The top, or cop, of a pevit, plover or lap-wing.

†e. A tall or towering head-dress. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > types or styles of clothing > headgear > [noun] > tall

turret1473

high head1580

towerc1612

fontange1685

commodea1687

cop1688

toppingc1690

cock-up1692

1688 R. Holme Acad. Armory ii. 395/1 The Jews cover for the head I have seen termed a Cop.

†2. A round piece of wood within the top of a beehive. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > food and drink > farming > animal husbandry > bee-keeping > [noun] > beehive > parts of

moutha1398

stool?1523

skirt1555

hackle1609

smoot1615

imp1618

bolster1623

cop1623

underlaya1642

hack1658

tee-hole1669

frame1673

hood1686

alighting board1780

body box1823

superhive1847

super1855

quilt1870

queen excluder1881

bar-super1884

brood box1888

1623 C. Butler Feminine Monarchie (rev. ed.) iii. sig. F1^v The Coppe is a round piece of wood an inch or two thicke..conuex, turned or hewed fit to the concauitie of the top of the Hiue.

a. Spinning. The conical ball of thread wound upon a spindle or tube in a spinning machine; see also quot. 1874.

ΘΚΠ

the world > textiles and clothing > textiles > thread or yarn > [noun] > spun > ball of

cop1795

1795 J. Aikin Descr. Country round Manch. 167 The custom of giving out weft in the Cops..grew into disuse.

1803 Wood Specif. Patent 2711 2 These methods of forming the cop improves reeling much.

1837 Penny Cycl. VIII. 96/1 While returning to the roller, the thread which has been spun is wound or built on the spindle in a conical form, and is called a cop.

1840 T. P. Thompson Exercises (1842) V. 292 Never mind whether the man..ever made a ‘cop’ of cotton or not.

1864 R. A. Arnold Hist. Cotton Famine 33 Spinners..have, in technical language..to ‘doff the cops’; in other words..to remove and relieve the spindles of the spun yarn.

1874 E. H. Knight Pract. Dict. Mech. Cop, a tube, also known as a quill, for winding silk upon in given lengths for market; a substitute for skeins.

1875 R. Hunt & F. W. Rudler Ure's Dict. Arts (ed. 7) I. 998 At the commencement of the formation of a set of cops, when the yarn is being wound on the bare spindles, the spindles require to have a greater number of turns given to them than they do when the cop bottom is formed.

1880 Spencer in Inst. Mech. Engineers: Proc. 507 It is necessary..to wind the nose of the cop in all its stages equally close and firm.

b. transferred. Applied to the form in which the line of a rocket-apparatus is wound.

ΚΠ

1887 Daily News 9 Mar. 6/7 The line is wound up in the form of a cop with a hollow extending throughout its whole length. The cop is placed in a canister, which has a hole in the rear end.

II. [Here are placed provisionally several senses, obsolete or dialectal, possibly related to cop n.¹; though their history is uncertain.]

4. ? A heap, mound, tumulus: cf. cop v.¹ 1, coop n.³

ΘΚΠ

the world > space > relative position > arrangement or fact of being arranged > state of being gathered together > an assemblage or collection > [noun] > mass formed by collection of particles > an accumulation > heap or pile

heapc725

cockeOE

hill1297

tassc1330

glub1382

mow?1424

bulkc1440

pile1440

pie1526

bing1528

borwen1570

ruck1601

rick1608

wreck1612

congest1625

castle1636

coacervation1650

congestion1664

cop1666

cumble1694

bin1695

toss1695

thurrock1708

rucklea1725

burrow1784

mound1788

wad1805

stook1865

boorach1868

barrow1869

sorites1871

tump1892

fid1926

clamp-

1666 in J. A. Picton City of Liverpool: Select. Munic. Rec. (1883) I. 315 That the said Roger..throw the coppe hee made upon the highway..into the castle trench.

1823 New Monthly Mag. 9 16/1 Silver coins..found..in an old cop upon Cockey Moor, near Bolton.

1847 J. O. Halliwell Dict. Archaic & Provinc. Words I Cop (1)..a heap of anything. North.

5. A conical heap of unbound barley, oats, or pease, or of straw or hay. (Chiefly in Kent.)

ΘΚΠ

the world > food and drink > farming > cultivation or tillage > cultivation of plants or crops > harvesting > [noun] > stooking > stook or cock

shockc1325

cocka1398

stook14..

poukera1450

haycockc1470

cop1512

stitch1603

pook1607

grass cock1614

hattock1673

stuckle1682

cocklet1788

coil?a1800

lap-cock1802

shuck1811

button1850

1512 Accts. St. John's Hosp., Canterbury (Canterbury Cathedral Archives: CCA-U13/4) Payd for viij coppys off strawe xiiijd. ob.

1577 B. Googe tr. C. Heresbach Foure Bks. Husbandry i. f. 42 Corne..is presently to be bounde in sheaues: although Barley, Oates, and other Corne and Pulse is made vp in Coppes and Ryckes, but not without hurt and hazarde.

1648 Earl of Westmorland Otia Sacra (1879) 175 With crooked Sickle reaps and bindes—Up into Sheaves to help the hindes; Whose arguing alon's in this, Which Cop lies well, and which amiss.

1695 W. Kennett Parochial Antiq. Gloss. at Coppire A cop of hay, a cop of pease, a cop of straw, etc. are used in Kent for a high rising heap.

1736 J. Lewis Hist. Isle Tenet (ed. 2) [= Thanet] 96 Cop of pease..15 sheaves in the field, and 16 in the barn. [Hence in Pegge, Halliwell, etc.]

1863 J. C. Morton Cycl. Agric. (new ed.) in J. Britten Old Country & Farming Words (1880) 139 Cop of straw (Kent), the straw from sixteen sheaves.

1887 W. D. Parish & W. F. Shaw Dict. Kentish Dial. Cop, a shock of corn; a stack of hay or straw.

6. An enclosing mound or bank; a hedge-bank. Chiefly in Cheshire.In the first quot. the word is perhaps copse.

ΚΠ

1600 Maydes Metamorphosis ii. sig. C4^v I do come about the coppes, Leaping vpon flowers toppes.]

1836 G. Head Home Tour 60 Walking by the side of the river, upon the Dee Cop as it is called (the large embankment by which some thousands of acres of reclaimed land were formerly enclosed).

1844 Jrnl. Royal Agric. Soc. 5 i. 99–103.

1856 T. De Quincey Confessions Eng. Opium-eater (rev. ed.) in Select. Grave & Gay V. 101 On the right bank of the river [Dee] runs an artificial mound, called the Cop.

1859 R. E. Egerton-Warburton Hunting Songs (new ed.) 99 And straightway at a hedgerow cop he drove his gallant steed.

1869 J. C. Atkinson Peacock's Gloss. Dial. Hundred of Lonsdale Cop, a mound or bank. The raised earthen part of a fence in which the thorns are planted.

1887 T. Darlington Folk-speech S. Cheshire Cop, a hedge bank. Also commonly called hedge-cop.

7. The central ridge of a butt of ploughed land (butt n.²), lying midway between the ‘reens’ or gutters on each side.

ΚΠ

1859 Jrnl. Royal Agric. Soc. 20 i. 221 The fashion was to plough in ‘five-bolt butts’, that is, small lands or stetches of ten furrows each; and the work being thus all ‘cops’ and ‘reanes’, not only was there a waste of ground from such a redundance of water-furrows, but there was a great loss of time in ploughing.

1876 W. Worcester Gloss. Cop, in ploughing, the first ‘bout’ of a ‘veering’.

1879 G. F. Jackson Shropshire Word-bk. Cop, the highest part of a ‘but’ in ploughed land.

1881 S. Evans Evans's Leicestershire Words (new ed.) (at cited word) To ‘set the cops’ in ploughing is to mark out the first furrows on each side of the spaces or ‘lands’ into which the field is divided..The cops of a field in med. Latin are capita.

Compounds

C1. attributive.

cop-changing adj.

ΚΠ

1927 T. Woodhouse Artificial Silk: Manuf. & Uses 131 One type of..cop-changing automatic loom.

† cop-crowned adj. Obsolete

ΘΚΠ

the world > space > shape > fact or condition of tapering > condition of tapering to a point > [adjective] > at the top

copped1460

mitreda1547

coppled1600

coped1611

fastigiated1647

cop-crowned1650

copped-crowned1650

copple-crowned1699

fastigiatea1705

tenting1818

tectiform1834

pedimented1875

pedimental1890

the world > life > the body > external parts of body > head > types of head > [adjective] > attribute of

dejected1600

cop-crowned1650

copped-crowned1650

chubbed1674

chuckle1721

massive1843

1650 J. Bulwer Anthropometamorphosis 3 The Genuensians for the most part have high and coppe-crown'd heads.

C2.

cop-bone n. the kneecap (dialect).

ΚΠ

1847–78 J. O. Halliwell Dict. Archaic & Provinc. Words Cop-bone, the knee-pan. Somerset.

1888 F. T. Elworthy W. Somerset Word-bk. Cop-bone, the knee-cap.

† cop-castle n. Obsolete (see quot.).

ΚΠ

1755 S. Johnson Dict. Eng. Lang. at Cop A cob-castle, properly cop-castle, a small castle or house on a hill.

† cop-height n. Obsolete a great height.

ΚΠ

1591 in J. Nichols Progresses Queen Elizabeth III. 93 That Envie, though she shoote on cop-height, cannot reach her.

cop-horse n. = cock-horse n., adv., and adj. (dialect).

ΘΚΠ

society > leisure > entertainment > toy or plaything > other toys > [noun] > hobby-horse, etc.

cock-horse1541

hobby-horse1589

hobby1689

cop-horse1877

1877 E. Peacock Gloss. Words Manley & Corringham, Lincs. Cop-horse.

cop reel n. a machine which receives the yarn from the cops and winds it into hanks.

ΚΠ

1890 J. Nasmith Mod. Cotton Spinning Machinery xiii. 262 It depends upon whether it is employed to wind the yarn from cops or bobbins whether it is known as a ‘cop’ or ‘bobbin’ reel... Ordinarily one swift only is used in a cop reel, and two in a bobbin reel.

cop reeler n.

ΚΠ

?1881 Census Eng. & Wales: Instr. Clerks classifying Occupations & Ages (?1885) 68 Cop Reeler... Cop Winder.

Categories »

cop-spinner n. a spinning machine combining in one frame the advantages of the throstle and mule.

cop-tube n. (see quot.).

ΚΠ

1874 E. H. Knight Amer. Mech. Dict. I. 619/2 Cop-tube, the tube in a spinning-machine on which the conical ball, or cop, of thread or yarn is formed.

cop-twist n. ‘twist’ or warping yarn in ‘cops’, as taken off the spindles.

ΚΠ

1888 Daily News 25 Apr. 2/5 Some spinnings of 32's and 40's cop twist..an advance was quoted upon them of 1-16d. per lb.

cop warp n. warp-yarn spun on to cops.

ΚΠ

1862 Catal. Internat. Exhib., Brit. II. No. 3653 Cotton yarns, cop warp, doubled yarns.

cop-waste n. the waste cotton from the cops.

ΚΠ

1849 Amer. Railroad Jrnl. 3 Nov. 696 (advt.) Clean cop-waste suitable for cleaning..engines.

cop winder n. one who winds yarn into the form of cops or winds yarn from the cops on to bobbins.

ΚΠ

?1881Cop winder [see cop reeler n.].

1907 Daily Chron. 11 Feb. 4/6 The reelers, hank makers, cop-winders, gassers, and doublers.

1921 Dict. Occup. Terms (1927) §367 Cop Winder; (i) winds yarn from cops, short cylindrical paper tubes, on to bobbins; (ii) winds weft yarn from spinning frame bobbins, or from hanks, into form of cops.

cop-yarn n. cotton yarn in ‘cops’.

ΚΠ

1851 Art Jrnl. Illustr. Catal. p. vi**/2 A conical-shaped coil of yarn..which..is slid off the spindle, in which state the article is ready for the market, under the denomination of Cop yarn.

1887 Daily News 16 July 6/8 For cop yarns spinners are willing to accept the lowest prices they have taken.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1893; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

† copn.³

Brit.

/kɒp/, U.S.

/kɑp/

Forms: Old English coppa, Middle English–1500s coppe; 1600s cob n.⁴

Etymology: Old English -coppa (masculine), probably identical in stem with cop(p) top, head, or copp cup; occurring in the compound attorcoppa (attor , átor poison), Danish edderkop , Scots eddercop , ethercap , see attercop n., ettercap n.; the simple form appears also in Middle Dutch (and modern Flemish) coppe , cobbe , Westph. cobbe , spider; modern Dutch has spinnekop . Compare also cob n.⁴; cobweb n., Middle English coppeweb, copweb.

Obsolete.

A spider.

ΘΚΠ

the world > animals > invertebrates > phylum Arthropoda > class Arachnida > [noun] > order Aranea > member of (spider)

lopc888

attercopc1000

lobc1000

spinnerc1220

araina1300

spider1340

yraync1384

copa1400

spincop1474

copspin1484

ettercapa1525

web-weaver1534

spinster1636

cob1657

weaver1825

araneidan1835

Meggie-lickie-spinnie1849

silk-spinner1868

orbitele1890

a1400–50 Alexander 3300 Like to the werke, Þat þis coppis opon kell-wise knytt in þe woȝes.

c1450 J. Myrc Instr. to Par. Priests 1937 Ȝef any flye, gnat, or coppe Doun in-to the chalys droppe.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1893; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

copn.⁴

Forms: Also copse.

Etymology: Derivation unknown: copse is apparently for the plural cops , the plural being common in local names of this apparatus, e.g. lead-trees , ripples , etc.; but it is also possible that copse was really a singular, and cop mistakenly formed from it under the notion that it was a plural: compare the history of copse n.

Obsolete exc. dialect.

The movable frame attached to the front of a wagon or farm cart, or projecting all round its sides, so as to extend its surface when carrying a bulky load, as of hay, corn, copsewood, or the like.

ΘΚΠ

society > travel > means of travel > a conveyance > vehicle > cart, carriage, or wagon > cart or wagon for conveying goods > [noun] > parts of > body > plank or rail > to increase capacity

cart-staff1297

thripple14..

rathe1459

summer1510

cart-ladder?1523

rail1530

rave1530

shelboard1569

wain-flakes1570

load-pina1642

shelvingsa1642

cop1679

float1686

lade1686

outrigger1794

shelvement1808

sideboard1814

heck1825

hay-rigging1855

floating rail1892

1679 P. Henry Diaries & Lett. (1882) 279 A child..fell off y^e cop of y^e cart near Odford, his father driving the cart.

1771 Ann. Reg. 1770 154 [Taken to execution with] her coffin on the copse of the cart.

1841 Jrnl. Royal Agric. Soc. 2 i. 76 The outrigger, or ‘copse’ supported over the horse by an iron upright from the shafts.

1847–78 J. O. Halliwell Dict. Archaic & Provinc. Words Cop, that part of a waggon which hangs over the thiller~horse [no source or locality given].

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1893; most recently modified version published online March 2021).

copn.⁵

Brit.

/kɒp/, U.S.

/kɑp/

Etymology: Compare cop v.³ and copper n.⁴

slang.

A policeman. cops and robbers (originally U.S.): a children's game in which ‘police’ hunt ‘robbers’; also (? nonce-use) cops and thieves and transferred.

ΘΚΠ

society > law > law enforcement > police force or the police > [noun] > policeman

truncheon officer1708

runner1735

horny1753

nibbing-cull1775

nabbing-cull1780

police officer1784

police constable1787

policeman1788

scout1789

nabman1792

nabber1795

pig1811

Bow-street officer1812

nab1813

peeler1816

split1819

grunter1823

robin redbreast1824

bulky1828

raw (or unboiled) lobster1829

Johnny Darm1830

polis1833

crusher1835

constable1839

police1839

agent1841

johndarm1843

blue boy1844

bobby1844

bluebottle1845

copper1846

blue1848

polisman1850

blue coat1851

Johnny1851

PC1851

spot1851

Jack1854

truncheonist1854

fly1857

greycoat1857

cop1859

Cossack1859

slop1859

scuffer1860

nailerc1863

worm1864

Robert1870

reeler1879

minion of the law1882

ginger pop1887

rozzer1888

nark1890

bull1893

grasshopper1893

truncheon-bearer1896

John1898

finger1899

flatty1899

mug1903

John Dunn1904

John Hop1905

gendarme1906

Johnny Hop1908

pavement pounder1908

buttons1911

flat-foot1913

pounder1919

Hop1923

bogy1925

shamus1925

heat1928

fuzz1929

law1929

narker1932

roach1932

jonnop1938

grass1939

roller1940

Babylon1943

walloper1945

cozzer1950

Old Bill1958

cowboy1959

monaych1961

cozzpot1962

policeperson1965

woolly1965

Fed1966

wolly1970

plod1971

roz1971

Smokey Bear1974

bear1975

beast1978

woodentop1981

Five-O1983

dibble1990

Bow-street runner-

society > leisure > entertainment > pastimes > game > children's game > other children's games > [noun] > game of make-believe > specific

Indian1834

mothers and fathers1903

Cowboys and Indians1916

cops and robbers1938

1859 G. W. Matsell Vocabulum 124 (Farmer) Oh! where will be..all the cops and beaks so knowin' A hundred stretches hence?

1867 F. H. Ludlow Brace of Boys 262 What's a cop?.. That's what the boys call a policeman.

1884 Breadwinners 212 ‘Who's afraid of half-a-dozen cops’, said a burly ruffian.

1903 Independent (U.S.) 15 Jan. 146/1 When I was a youngster one of my favorite games was what we children called ‘Cops and Thieves’.

1938 ‘E. Queen’ Four of Hearts (1939) xi. 119 They're going down to the Horseshoe Club to play cops and robbers with Alessandro.

1954 A. Koestler Invisible Writing xx. 225 The sensation of participating in an exciting cops-and-robbers game.

1957 A. R. Manvell & J. Huntley Technique Film Music ii. 35 The villains are rounded up and hustled into a nearby police station, accompanied by a light musical parody in the ‘cops and robbers’ style of the silent film.

1959 J. O'Donovan Visited xxxi. 201 He..was momentarily ashamed of himself, as if he had been caught playing cops and robbers.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1893; most recently modified version published online June 2022).

copn.⁶

dialect.

= cob n.⁸ a blow.

ΚΠ

1884 in R. Holland Gloss. Words County of Chester

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1893; most recently modified version published online June 2018).

copn.⁷

Brit.

/kɒp/, U.S.

/kɑp/

Etymology: < cop v.³

slang.

1. Capture; used chiefly in a fair cop.

ΘΚΠ

society > law > administration of justice > general proceedings > arrest > [noun]

attachmenta1325

arresting1424

arrest1440

arrestment1474

restc1500

attach1508

attaching1515

deprehension1527

prehension1534

apprehending1563

apprehension1577

cog-shoulder1604

caption1609

deprension1654

nap1655

arrestation1792

body-snatching1840

shoulder-tap1842

collar1865

fall1883

nicking1883

cop1886

pinch1900

pickup1908

1886 Sessions' Papers Aug. 4/4 What do you want to search me for? You have got a good cop.

1889 Standard 9 Oct. 3/7 (E.D.D.) Prisoner remarked it was ‘a fair cop’.

1891 Daily News 24 Oct. 5/2 ‘It's a fair cop,’ said the thief.

1895 Argus (Melbourne) 22 Nov. Witness. That was a fair cop. Mr. Justice Hodges. A fair what? Witness. A fair cop, your Honour, means a fair ‘have’.

1898 Daily News 13 Apr. 8/7 It's a fair cop; you have got me all right and no mistake.

1901 G. B. Shaw Admirable Bashville iii. 329 Policeman. Sir: had I known your quality, this cop I had averted.

1901 W. W. Jacobs Light Freights ‘Fair cop,’ ses Ginger, who was still rubbing his leg.

1935 ‘J. Guthrie’ Little Country iii. 65 The young man..glared round as if for some means of escape... ‘It's a fair cop!’ said the young man.

a. Catch, acquisition. With negative, no cop, not much cop: of no or little value or use, worthless.

ΘΚΠ

the world > action or operation > harm or detriment > disadvantage > uselessness > useless [phrase]

of no valure1483

no (also not much) bottle1846

not much cop1902

no dice1931

1902 J. Milne Epist. Atkins vii. 136 We are going to a place called Spion Kop, and I don't think it will be much of a ‘kop’ for our chaps.

1919 J. B. Morton Barber of Putney xviii ‘Once upon a time..this 'eap o' bricks was a first-class billet.’ ‘Doesn't look much cop now,’ said Tim.

1929 E. Raymond Family that Was ii. ii. 147 A month or two in service, which was no cop—no cop at all.

1932 D. L. Sayers Have his Carcase xxiii. 306 The nobility ain't much cop these days, but Lord Peter is vell known.

1960 H. Pinter Caretaker i. 15 At least they're comfortable. Not much cop, but I mean they don't hurt.

1970 K. Giles Death in Church iii. 56 The house..has never been much cop. People don't like living opposite a church or a graveyard.

b. Without negative, esp. Australian and New Zealand = catch n.² 6.

ΚΠ

1889 A. Barrère & C. G. Leland Dict. Slang I. 271/2 To cop,..(Sporting), to win, to get money; a dead cop, a sure method of arriving at this result.

1916 C. J. Dennis Songs Sentimental Bloke (new ed.) 120 Cop, an avocation, a ‘job’.

1941 S. J. Baker Pop. Dict. Austral. Slang 20 Cop, a good job obtained by shrewdness or luck: an agreeable proposition: a bit of luck.

1944 A. F. St. Bruno Desert Daze 11 Any other bottles that fell into his maw were distinct ‘cop’.

1945 S. J. Baker Austral. Lang. vii. 143 Cop, profit, a job or trick from which a large return is gained.

1945 S. J. Baker Austral. Lang. ix. 174 Australian equivalents [of dead cert] are dead bird,..sure cop.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1933; most recently modified version published online June 2022).

copv.¹

Brit.

/kɒp/, U.S.

/kɑp/

Etymology: < cop n.² II.

Now dialect.

1. transitive. To pile up in a tumulus, heap, or mound; to bank up.

ΘΚΠ

the world > space > relative position > arrangement or fact of being arranged > state of being gathered together > gather together [verb (transitive)] > gather in one mass or form lumps > accumulate > heap or pile up

heapc1000

ruck?c1225

ruckle?c1225

givelc1300

upheap1469

binga1522

pilec1540

copa1552

bank1577

hill1581

plet1584

conglomerate1596

acervate1623

coacervate1623

tilea1643

aggest1655

coacerve1660

pyramida1666

aggerate1693

big1716

bepilea1726

clamp1742

bulk1822

pang1898

a1552 [implied in: J. Leland De Rebvs Britannicis Collectanea (1774) II. 521 A great Hepe of Stones layed coppid up where he was buried. (at copped adj. 2b)].

1605 [implied in: J. Stow Annales 101 A great heape of stones was laide copped vp where Hubba was buried. (at copped adj. 2b)].

1869 J. C. Atkinson Peacock's Gloss. Dial. Hundred of Lonsdale To cop up a fence, to set up a fence.

1875 W. D. Parish Dict. Sussex Dial. 30 Cop,..to heap anything up.

1887 in Kentish Dial.

2. To put up unbound corn or hay in ‘cops’. (Now in Kent and Sussex.)

ΘΚΠ

the world > food and drink > farming > cultivation or tillage > cultivation of plants or crops > harvesting > harvest (a crop) [verb (transitive)] > make into stooks

cock1392

shockc1440

stookc1575

cop1581

pook1587

recock1610

pout1617

stitch1669

1581 Act 23 Eliz. c. 10 §4 Before..such Corn or Grain shall be shocked, cocked, hilled or copped.

1581 W. Lambarde Eirenarcha (1588) iv. iv. 444 In any ground where any corne or graine did then grow, or before it was shocked or copped.

1891 J. M. Cowper (in letter) [In Kent] when rain threatened, the barley or oats were hurriedly copped, as hay is now, to save as much as possible from being wetted.

Categories »

3. ‘To plough in ridges for planting’ ( Radnor Gloss.).

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1893; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

copv.²

Brit.

/kɒp/, U.S.

/kɑp/

dialect.

transitive. To throw, toss, ‘chuck’ (East Anglian, Kent, Sussex).

ΚΠ

1806 R. Bloomfield Wild Flowers 36 I could have cop't them at their pates.

a1825 R. Forby Vocab. E. Anglia (1830) Cop, to throw something upwards, in order to reach a mark at some moderate distance.

1845 Peter Parley's Ann. 38 A pancake nicely copt, as the Suffolk people have it, who are reported..to throw a pancake up the chimney, then go to the street door, and catch it without smutting it.

1875 W. D. Parish Dict. Sussex Dial. 30 Cop, to throw.

1887 W. D. Parish & W. F. Shaw Dict. Kentish Dial.

Derivatives

cop-halfpenny n.

ΚΠ

a1825 R. Forby Vocab. E. Anglia (1830) Cop-Halfpenny, the game more generally called chuck-farthing.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1893; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

copv.³

Brit.

/kɒp/, U.S.

/kɑp/

Etymology: Perhaps a broad pronunciation of cap v.² (Old French caper to seize); in nearly all North English glossaries; and now of general diffusion in the slang of schoolboys, criminals, policemen, etc.

northern dialect and slang.

a. transitive. To capture, catch, lay hold of, ‘nab’.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > possession > taking > seizing > catching or capture > catch or capture [verb (transitive)]

i-lecchec1000

fang1016

hentOE

takeOE

alatchlOE

catchc1275

wina1300

to take ina1387

attain1393

geta1400

overhent?a1400

restay?a1400

seizea1400

tachec1400

arrest1481

carrya1500

collara1535

snap1568

overgo1581

surprise1592

nibble1608

incaptivate1611

nicka1640

cop1704

chop1726

nail1735

to give a person the foot1767

capture1796

hooka1800

sniba1801

net1803

nib1819

prehend1831

corral1860

rope1877

1704 E. Ward Dissenting Hypocrite 30 If the Cruel Stork should come, He'd Tyrannize and Cop up some [Frogs].

1844 tr. Eugene Sue's Myst. Paris iii. xi Waiting until the patrol should pass to commence my robbery..in order to be copped.

1868 Daily Tel. 7 Sept. The privileged driver, on dropping his fare..almost invariably ‘cops’ a job on his way back.

1883 T. Lees Easther's Gloss. Dial. Almondbury & Huddersfield (at cited word) A cricket ball is copt; so is a bird if hit with a stone.

1886 T. Frost Reminisc. Country Journalist ii. 26 He copped Joe as he was coming out of the granary.

1888 Pall Mall Gaz. 11 June 8/1 Prisoner said, ‘Yes, I am the man. I am glad you have copped me.’

b. To steal.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > possession > taking > stealing or theft > steal [verb (transitive)]

pick?c1300

takec1300

fetch1377

bribec1405

usurpc1412

rapc1415

to rap and rendc1415

embezzle1495

lifta1529

pilfer1532

suffurate1542

convey?1545

mill1567

prig1567

strike1567

lag1573

shave1585

knave1601

twitch1607

cly1610

asport1621

pinch1632

snapa1639

nap1665

panyar1681

to carry off1684

to pick up1687

thievea1695

to gipsy away1696

bone1699

make1699

win1699

magg1762

snatch1766

to make off with1768

snavel1795

feck1809

shake1811

nail1819

geach1821

pull1821

to run off1821

smug1825

nick1826

abduct1831

swag1846

nobble1855

reef1859

snig1862

find1865

to pull off1865

cop1879

jump1879

slock1888

swipe1889

snag1895

rip1904

snitch1904

pole1906

glom1907

boost1912

hot-stuff1914

score1914

clifty1918

to knock off1919

snoop1924

heist1930

hoist1931

rabbit1943

to rip off1967

to have off1974

1879 Macmillan's Mag. Oct. 500/1 I was taken by two pals (companions) to an orchard to cop (steal) some fruit.

1931 D. Runyon Guys & Dolls (1932) viii. 163 Madame la Gimp does a little scrubbing business around a swell apartment hotel..and she cops stationery there.

1932 J. T. Farrell Young Lonigan iii. 139 Johnny O'Brien ran home, and copped a piece of beefsteak from his old lady.

1955 D. W. Maurer in Publ. Amer. Dial. Soc. No. 24. 74 ‘Cop,’ he [sc. a pickpocket] says, and the duke man has the roll.

c. [compare cop n.⁶] to cop (a person) one: to deal (someone) a blow. slang.

ΘΚΠ

the world > movement > impact > striking > strike [verb (transitive)] > specific animate object

drepeOE

smitec1200

buffet?c1225

strike1377

rapa1400

seta1400

frontc1400

ballc1450

throw1488

to bear (a person) a blow1530

fetch1556

douse1559

knetcha1564

slat1577

to hit any one a blow1597

wherret1599

alapate1609

shock1614

baske1642

measure1652

plump1785

jow1802

nobble1841

scuff1841

clump1864

bust1873

plonk1874

to sock it to1877

dot1881

biff1888

dong1889

slosh1890

to soak it to1892

to cop (a person) one1898

poke1906

to hang one on1908

bop1931

clonk1949

1898 J. D. Brayshaw Slum Silhouettes 3 The Gent. copped 'im one fair under the chin, an' dahn 'e goes.

1935 P. G. Wodehouse Blandings Castle vi. 122 I copped 'im on the shin wiv a stone.

d. to cop out: to escape; to stop (work, etc.); to drop out from society; also, to give up an attempt, to evade a responsibility (chiefly North American). slang.

ΘΚΠ

the world > action or operation > completing > non-completion > abandon an attempt or enterprise [verb (intransitive)]

unbenda1400

unbinda1400

to leave (a person) the field?c1450

to give upa1616

to call (it) quits1851

to pull the pin1860

to hang up one's fiddle1889

to pack in1906

to pack up1925

to cop out1942

to give it away1949

the world > action or operation > safety > escape > [verb (intransitive)] > as thieves or criminals

to take stoppo1935

to cop out1942

to do a runner1980

the world > action or operation > inaction > not doing > abstaining or refraining from action > abstain or refrain from action [verb (intransitive)] > avoid > evade responsibility or obligation

to cop out1942

1942 L. V. Berrey & M. Van den Bark Amer. Thes. Slang §498/3 Flee; escape, cop,..cop (an) out.

1961 F. J. Rigney & L. D. Smith Real Bohemia p. xiv Cop, to; — out,..to give up Bohemian values, to ‘sell out to squares’.

1967 Jazz Monthly Dec. 19/2 One might expect him to be playing from memory to some extent, taking it easy and copping out when he can.

1968–70 Current Slang (Univ. S. Dakota) 3–4 30, 31 Cop out,..to quit, give up without trying.

1969 It 13–28 June 1 After Photoprinters..copped out..It..appeared in a limited edition.

1970 Win 1 Jan. 25/3 The intellectuals, so many of whom were kept from copping out by Bob's continuing commitment in the face of death.

1973 Sunday Sun (Brisbane) 30 Dec. 20/5 One gets the feeling that Jewison's use of modern tanks..and frenetic dance routines gives him some sort of an excuse to cop out if he needed to do so.

1978 S. Brill Teamsters x. 396 Did Gibbons cop out where a stronger man would have acted?

1986 New Statesman 4 July 3/3 But Peacock and Co...could hardly cop out at that early stage and announce that advertising on the BBC would be a bad thing.

Phrases

P1.

to cop it v. To ‘catch’ it, to be punished, get into trouble; also, to die.

ΘΚΠ

the world > life > death > [verb (intransitive)]

forsweltc888

sweltc888

adeadeOE

deadc950

wendeOE

i-wite971

starveOE

witea1000

forfereOE

forthfareOE

forworthc1000

to go (also depart , pass, i-wite, chare) out of this worldOE

queleOE

fallOE

to take (also nim, underfo) (the) deathOE

to shed (one's own) blood?a1100

diec1135

endc1175

farec1175

to give up the ghostc1175

letc1200

aswelta1250

leavea1250

to-sweltc1275

to-worthc1275

to yield (up) the ghost (soul, breath, life, spirit)c1290

finea1300

spilla1300

part?1316

to leese one's life-daysa1325

to nim the way of deathc1325

to tine, leave, lose the sweatc1330

flit1340

trance1340

determinec1374

disperisha1382

to go the way of all the eartha1382

to be gathered to one's fathers1382

miscarryc1387

shut1390

goa1393

to die upa1400

expirea1400

fleea1400

to pass awaya1400

to seek out of lifea1400–50

to sye hethena1400

tinea1400

trespass14..

espirec1430

to end one's days?a1439

decease1439

to go away?a1450

ungoc1450

unlivec1450

to change one's lifea1470

vade1495

depart1501

to pay one's debt to (also the debt of) naturea1513

to decease this world1515

to go over?1520

jet1530

vade1530

to go westa1532

to pick over the perch1532

galpa1535

to die the death1535

to depart to God1548

to go home1561

mort1568

inlaikc1575

shuffle1576

finish1578

to hop (also tip, pitch over, drop off, etc.) the perch1587

relent1587

unbreathe1589

transpass1592

to lose one's breath1596

to make a die (of it)1611

to go offa1616

fail1623

to go out1635

to peak over the percha1641

exita1652

drop1654

to knock offa1657

to kick upa1658

to pay nature her due1657

ghost1666

to march off1693

to die off1697

pike1697

to drop off1699

tip (over) the perch1699

to pass (also go, be called, etc.) to one's reward1703

sink1718

vent1718

to launch into eternity1719

to join the majority1721

demise1727

to pack off1735

to slip one's cable1751

turf1763

to move off1764

to pop off the hooks1764

to hop off1797

to pass on1805

to go to glory1814

sough1816

to hand in one's accounts1817

to slip one's breatha1819

croak1819

to slip one's wind1819

stiffen1820

weed1824

buy1825

to drop short1826

to fall (a) prey (also victim, sacrifice) to1839

to get one's (also the) call1839

to drop (etc.) off the hooks1840

to unreeve one's lifeline1840

to step out1844

to cash, pass or send in one's checks1845

to hand in one's checks1845

to go off the handle1848

to go under1848

succumb1849

to turn one's toes up1851

to peg out1852

walk1858

snuff1864

to go or be up the flume1865

to pass outc1867

to cash in one's chips1870

to go (also pass over) to the majority1883

to cash in1884

to cop it1884

snuff1885

to belly up1886

perch1886

to kick the bucket1889

off1890

to knock over1892

to pass over1897

to stop one1901

to pass in1904

to hand in one's marble1911

the silver cord is loosed1911

pip1913

to cross over1915

conk1917

to check out1921

to kick off1921

to pack up1925

to step off1926

to take the ferry1928

peg1931

to meet one's Maker1933

to kiss off1935

to crease it1959

zonk1968

cark1977

to cark it1979

to take a dirt nap1981

society > authority > punishment > [verb (intransitive)] > receive punishment

shendc897

drinka1340

sufferc1380

to kiss the roda1586

to pay for——a1593

to give, get goss1840

to come in for it1841

to cop it1884

1884 R. Holland Gloss. Words County of Chester (1886) 79 Cop, to catch, both in the sense of capturing, and in the semi-slang sense of being scolded.

1902 J. Milne Epist. Atkins vii. 131 Often..I have heard fellows say, ‘I know I am going to kop out,’ and sure enough they have.

1905 Daily Chron. 19 Sept. 4/7 Though it tarry, it shall surely come; and when it does—as an errand boy would say—‘somebody 'll cop out’!

1909 Daily Chron. 9 Apr. 6/6 When arrested he remarked, ‘I suppose I shall “cop” it for this.’

1915 ‘B. Cable’ Between Lines 194 By the way 'is 'ands jerked up an' 'is 'ead jerked back when I fired, I fancy 'e copped it right enough.

1927 Blackwood's Mag. July 83/1 Half of the beggars had copped it for good and all.

1933 D. L. Sayers Murder must Advertise vii. 120 I'm really fearfully sorry you copped that packet that was meant for me.

1934 E. Blunden in Challenge to Death 337 As the thing began It ended; only, as you see, we boys Have copped unlucky.

1941 A. Christie N or M? xii. 159 Yes, it looked bad, it did. Looked as though he might have copped one.

1967 Listener 22 June 809/2 I saw an irate African driver jump off his bus and tell the passengers that it had ‘copped it’.

Categories »

cop a packet phr. dialect slang.

Categories »

to cop out v. dialect slang.

P2. to cop a plea phr.

a. (U.S. slang) to plead guilty, usually as part of a bargain or agreement with the prosecution.

ΚΠ

1926 Northeastern Reporter 150 716 When I go to the north side, I may be able to cop a plea.

1929 G. L. Hostetter & T. Q. Beesley It's a Racket! 222 Cop a plea, to plead guilty to a lesser crime than the one originally charged.

1939 R. Chandler Big Sleep xvii. 139 You're going to cop a plea, brother, don't ever think you're not.

1974 Telegraph (Brisbane) 4 June 14/7 Today he did what Americans call copped a plea, in return for pleading guilty to the least serious charge against him, all the other charges of involvement in Watergate and the burglary of Daniel Ellsberg's psychiatrist were dropped.

1994 Denver Post 6 Feb. c2/5 There's Jeff Gillooly, who copped a plea to save his butt.

b. (U.S. Black English slang) to avoid telling the truth, be evasive.

ΚΠ

1970 C. Major Dict. Afro-Amer. Slang 41 Cop a plea, to be verbally evasive.

1970 J. Cole in A. Chapman New Black Voices (1972) 495 The street life style is the cool world... It is here we see the greatest development of stylized talking, sounding,..copping a plea and whupping game.

1972 J. L. Dillard Black Eng. i. 4 Characteristic ghetto uses of language like..‘coppin' a plea’, and ‘the dozens’, are now fairly familiar.

Derivatives

ˈcop-out n. a flight, an escape; a cowardly compromise or evasion; a retreat from reality. Also, a person who drops out from society.

ΘΚΠ

the world > action or operation > inaction > not doing > abstaining or refraining from action > [noun] > avoiding an action or condition > avoiding duty, work, or exertion > evasion of responsibility, obligation, etc.

delusion1606

evasiona1616

elusion1633

cop-out1942

society > society and the community > social relations > lack of social communication or relations > retirement or seclusion > [noun] > person

anchorite?1614

solitarian1655

retirer1678

solitaire1716

recluse1751

solitarya1763

hermit1799

troglodyte1854

umbratile1888

cop-out1969

1942 L. V. Berrey & M. Van den Bark Amer. Thes. Slang §498/1 Flight; escape, cop-out.

1967 Boston Sunday Herald 14 May (Suppl.) 2/1 I know it's..convenient for those of us who were not raised by their parents to refer to their childhood as lonely, and blame their adult behavior on that. I think it's self-pity and a cop-out.

1967 Guardian 24 Oct. 6/2 Many of the London hippies are not only ‘drop-outs’ (people who have rejected any form of social or political activism) but ‘cop-outs’—people who equate mind erasure with the dissolution of social problems.

1969 Win 15 May 9/1 Isn't it a cop-out to secede from New York State but remain a part of the nation?

Draft additions August 2001

slang.

a. transitive. U.S. (now chiefly in African-American usage). To gain the affection or favour of (a person, esp. a woman), to seduce; (also) to have a sexual or romantic encounter with. Also with off.

ΚΠ

1899 G. Ade Doc' Horne xviii. 211 He'd give up his coin an' copped the princess.

1912 A. H. Lewis Apaches N.Y. ii. 41 A goil would be a mutt..to stay cocked up at home. An' yet a goil couldn't go chasin' around be her lonesome. Alma..you must cop off another steady.

1925 T. Boyd Points of Honor v. 139 An' boy, did I cop her off! Well, did I!

1935 J. T. Farrell Judgment Day i. i. 5 He might have made girls from all over the country... And if he had, the fellows would..say.., I see where Studs Lonigan copped off a bim whose old man is lousy with dough.

1965 in W. King Black Anthol. 302 It don't take too long to cop Gloria.

b. intransitive. British. (a) to cop on (to or with) (now rare): to (seek to) associate with, as a companion. (b) to cop off (with): to (succeed in) becoming acquainted or friendly (esp. amorously); (also) to have a sexual encounter. Cf. to get off 10 at get v. Phrasal verbs 1.

ΘΚΠ

the world > physical sensation > sexual relations > sexual relationship > have sexual relationship [verb (intransitive)]

cop1940

the mind > emotion > love > flirtation or coquetry > flirt, philander, or dally [verb (intransitive)]

flicker?c1225

dallyc1440

mird?c1625

pickeer1646

to dally away1685

niggle1696

coquet1700

gallant1744

philander1778

flirt1781

fike1804

gallivant1823

butterfly1893

vamp1904

romance1907

to fool up1933

floss1938

cop1940

horse1953

society > society and the community > social relations > association, fellowship, or companionship > associate with [verb (transitive)]

seeOE

drawc1275

mella1300

meeta1325

fellow1340

usec1384

conjoinc1386

joinc1390

knitc1400

accompany1461

enfellowship1470

frequent1477

haunt1477

mixa1513

encompanya1533

combinea1535

contract1548

to take with ——1562

associate1581

to have a saying toa1593

cope1594

sort1594

to take in1597

consort1600

herd1606

factionate1611

to keep company (with)a1616

accost1633

solder1641

converse1649

walk1650

consociate1653

coalite1734

to get with ——a1772

forgather1786

unionize1810

to go rounda1867

to mix in1870

cop1940

the mind > emotion > love > flirtation or coquetry > flirt with [verb (transitive)] > become amorously acquainted with

to get off1913

cop1940

the mind > emotion > love > friendliness > be friendly [verb (intransitive)] > become friendly > become friendly or intimate

to get in with1602

familiarize1622

pal1848

chum1884

buddy1916

cop1940

1940 Notes & Queries 3 Aug. 79/1 Cop on, to associate one's self with, to make overtures with a view to companionship. ‘You needn't try to cop on.’ ‘I saw you copping on to her in the lane.’ Or ‘cop on with.’ Most often it had a slightly derogatory sense.

1986 Q Oct. 96/3 Then he cops off with Alda's girlfriend.

2000 TV Quick (Central Region) 13 May 7/2 She feels so alone when she sees people her own age copping off.

c. intransitive. U.S. (chiefly in African-American usage). To engage in sexual or amorous activities of any nature, from kissing to sexual intercourse; to have a sexual encounter.

ΚΠ

1965 H. Huncke Huncke's Jrnl. 13 He constantly speaks of the size and shape of everybody's ass and will exclaim in positive terms—‘Man—I got to cop’ each time he sees an ass which especially excites him.

1976 R. E. Chinn Dig Nigger Up 130 For over ten years Leo had tried..to bed Mary without paying for it... ‘I might not cop the next time I see her, but believe me I'm going to cop and I ain't going to pay!’

Draft additions April 2004

to cop a feel: to fondle someone in a sexual manner, esp. furtively.

ΚΠ

1935 A. J. Pollock Underworld Speaks 25/2 Cop a feel, a presumptuous man, who will not let his hands behave when with an attractive girl.

1937 M. Levin Old Bunch 46 Boy, I'd like to cop a feel off that little one.

1943 M. Shulman Barefoot Boy 77 ‘Sure you don't want to cop a feel?’ she said suspiciously.

1972 G. Lucas et al. Amer. Graffiti (film script) 14 Couldn't even cop a feel.

1988 J. Ellroy Big Nowhere iv. 39 Danny was grateful she wasn't around to make goo-goo eyes and poke his biceps, copping feels while the watch sergeant chuckled.

2002 Independent (Electronic ed.) 11 June 19 Pretending to be a dear old boy, he gets close enough to the court ladies to cop a feel.

Draft additions March 2007

colloquial (chiefly Irish English). to cop on.

(a) intransitive. Also to cop on to oneself. To start behaving more sensibly or rationally; to take a more realistic attitude. Frequently in imper. Cf. to get a grip on (oneself) at grip n.¹ 2a.

ΚΠ

1961 J. B. Keane Many Young Men of Twenty iii. 45 I've been a mouse for thirty years. But this morning I copped on to myself.

1986 T. Murphy Conversat. on Homecoming 72 So cop on.

2001 J. Murphy Kings of Kilburn High Road ii, in Two Plays 47 Would yis ever stop all that shite talk about home an' cop on to yourselves?

(b) transitive (reflexive) in the same sense.

ΚΠ

1992 USA go Home in soc.culture.celtic (Usenet newsgroup) 7 May Cop yourself on.

2006 Irish Independent (Nexis) 1 May In a properly functioning society, this woman would have been told, simply, to cop herself on and get over it.

b. intransitive. To realize or notice what is happening; to catch on to. Cf. to cotton on at cotton v.¹ 8(b).

ΚΠ

1989 Real Mal Evans will never stand up in Court in rec.music.beatles (Usenet newsgroup) 6 Nov. A brilliant stroke on his part, and apparantly [sic] nobody copped on to the Sardinia bit!

1990 B. Roche Poor Beast in Rain i. iii. 26 How many times did we knock off this place..before they copped on?

2006 Mirror (Ulster ed.) (Nexis) 19 July 8 Sources in the area revealed the con was uncovered when a cabbie copped on to what was happening.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1893; most recently modified version published online March 2021).

copv.⁴

Brit.

/kɒp/, U.S.

/kɑp/

Etymology: apparently < cop n.²; but compare cap v.¹ 4.

dialect.

1. transitive. To top, surpass; to excel, out-do.

ΚΠ

1879 in G. F. Jackson Shropshire Word-bk.

2. intransitive. To be saucy. Cf. copped adj. 4b.

ΚΠ

1869 in Lanc. Gloss.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1893; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

> see also

also refers to : † copecopn.⁴

n.¹c950

n.²a1000

n.³a1400

n.⁴1679

n.⁵1859

n.⁶1884

n.⁷1886

v.¹a1552

v.²1806

v.³1704

v.⁴1869

单词	cop
释义	† copn.¹ Etymology: Old Northumbrian copp ? masculine, cup, vessel, corresponding to Old Norse kopp-r cup, small vessel, Middle Dutch cop(p) , Middle Low German and Dutch kop drinking-cup, Old High German chopf , Middle High German kopf beaker, bowl, generally thought to be akin in origin to Old English cuppe (feminine), cup n. Medieval Latin had both coppa and cuppa; compare Italian coppa, Provençal copa, French coupe: the relations between the Germanic and Romanic words are difficult to determine. Copp and cuppe apparently came down into Middle English as distinct words; but Middle English had also coppe , apparently a mixture of the two, or a northern form of cuppe , cup n., assimilated to copp . It is not possible to separate the plural of copp from that of coppe , and the examples of coppes have consequently been all considered under cup n.; but it is possible that some of them belong here. Obsolete. 1. a. A drinking-vessel, a cup. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > drink > containers for drink > drinking vessel > [noun] chalicec825 napeOE copc950 fullOE cupc1000 canOE shalec1075 scalec1230 maselin?a1300 mazer1311 richardine1352 dish1381 fiole1382 pece1383 phialc1384 gobletc1400 bowl-cup1420 chalice-cup1420 crusec1420 mazer-cup1434 goddard1439 stoup1452 bicker1459 cowl1476 tankard1485 stop1489 hanapa1513 skull1513 Maudlin cup1544 Magdalene cup?a1549 mazer bowl1562 skew1567 shell1577 godet1580 mazard1584 bousing-can1590 cushion1594 glove1609 rumkin1636 Maudlin pot1638 Pimlico1654 mazer dish1656 mug1664 tumbler1664 souce1688 streaker1694 ox-eye1703 false-cup1708 tankard-cup1745 poculum1846 phiale1867 tumbler-cup1900 stem-cup1915 sippy cup1986 c950 Lindisf. Gosp. Mark ix. 41 Sua hua..drinca geseleð iuh calic vel copp wætres on noma minum. c950 Lindisf. Gosp. John xix. 29 Bolla full vel copp full of æcced. a1500 (a1460) Towneley Plays (1994) I. xii. 117 1 Pastor. I drynk for my parte. 2nd Pastor. Abyde, lett cop reyll! a1513 W. Dunbar Poems (1998) I. 152 Him followit mony fowll drunckart, With can and collep, cop and quart. b. to drink or play cop-out: to drain the cup. ΚΠ ?1507 W. Dunbar Poems (1998) I. 92 Drynkand and playand cop out evin. 1535 W. Stewart tr. H. Boethius Bk. Cron. Scotl. (1858) II. 631 At euirilk draucht tha playit ay cop out. 1817 W. Scott Rob Roy III. ii. 42 Drink clean cap-out, like Sir Hildebrand. 2. A measure of quantity: the fourth of a Scottish peck; now also cap n.³ 2. [Perhaps a different word.] ΚΠ 1497 Haliburton's Ledger in C. Innes Scotl. in Middle Ages (1860) viii. 245 4 copis of fegis, cost 20 g. the cop. 1497 Haliburton's Ledger in C. Innes Scotl. in Middle Ages (1860) viii. 245 2 copis of raysins cost 5s. the cop. Compounds cop-ambry n. a chest or closet for cups and vessels. ΚΠ 15.. Aberdeen Reg. (Jam.) A langsald bed, a copamry, & ane schuring. 1792 Spalding's Hist. Troubles Scotl. (new ed.) I. 157 They brake down beds, boards, cap ambries, glass windows, [etc.]. cop-house n. a house or room for the same purpose. ΚΠ 1542 Inventories (Jam.) Memorandum, thir veschell underwritten..In the cophous, etc. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1893; most recently modified version published online March 2022). copn.² Brit. /kɒp/, U.S. /kɑp/ Forms: Old English– cop, Middle English–1600s coppe, (1600s cops). Etymology: Old English cop , copp top, summit; generally thought to be identical with cop n.¹, since in Middle Dutch cop developed (after 12th cent.) the sense ‘skull’ and then ‘head’, and kopf was in Middle High German ‘cup’, in modern German ‘head’. Compare also the analogy of Latin testa pot, shell, skull, Italian testa, French tête head. But in Old English the sense ‘skull’ or even ‘head’ is not known, only that of ‘top, summit’, which hardly runs parallel with the words in the other languages, besides being so much earlier. It is possible that the two words are distinct or only related farther back. (One might suppose that kop(p) top, was the native Old English word, and copp of the Northumbrian Gospels < Old Norse kopp'r : but the whole subject of the history and origin of these words in Germanic is very obscure: see Kluge, and Franck, also cup n.) There was also an Old French coppe , summit (compare coperoun n.), by which this word may have been influenced. The word occurs in many names of hills (compare sense 1b), as Coulderton Cop, Kinniside Cop in Cumberland, Meltham Cop near Huddersfield, Mowl Cop in Cheshire, Fin Cop in Derbyshire, etc. I. The summit or crest, and related uses. 1. a. The top or summit of anything. Obsolete or dialect. ΘΚΠ the world > space > relative position > high position > [noun] > highest point or top headOE copa1000 heightOE topc1000 highestlOE crest1382 coperounc1400 summita1425 summity?a1425 toppet1439 altitude?a1475 upperest1484 principala1533 pitcha1552 supremity1584 culm1587 period1595 spire1600 upward1608 cope1609 fastigium1641 vertex1641 culmen1646 supreme1652 tip-top1702 peak1785 helm1893 altaltissimo1975 a1000 Aldhelm Gl. (Mone) 1576 (Bosw.) Coppe, summitate. c1275 (?a1200) Laȝamon Brut (Calig.) (1963) l. 3880 & þa turres cop [c1300 Otho toppe] mihte wreon a cniht mid his capen. c1290 S. Eng. Leg. I. 59/185 A gret treo, So heiȝ þat he was a-drad toward þe coppe i-seo. c1385 G. Chaucer Legend Good Women Thisbe. 738 This wal..Was clove a two ryght from the cop a-doun. a1387 J. Trevisa tr. R. Higden Polychron. (St. John's Cambr.) (1865) I. 81 In Ynde beeþ trees, þat haueþ coppis as hiȝe as me schal schete wiþ an arwe. c1405 (c1387–95) G. Chaucer Canterbury Tales Prol. (Hengwrt) (2003) l. 556 Vp on the cop right of his nose he haade A werte, and theron stood a tuft of heerys. a1425 (c1395) Bible (Wycliffite, L.V.) (Royal) (1850) Jer. ii. 16 [Thei] han defoulid thee, til to the cop of the heed. c1440 Promptorium Parvulorum 91 Coppe or coper of a other thynge [King's Cambr. top of an hey thyng; 1499 Pynson coppe of an hye thinge], cacumen. 1578 H. Lyte tr. R. Dodoens Niewe Herball ii. lix. 225 Y^e floures..lacke suche a come or coppe. 1610 P. Holland tr. W. Camden Brit. i. 271 The wals..want their battlements, curtain, and coppe. 1611 R. Cotgrave Dict. French & Eng. Tongues Pignon, a Finiall, Cop, or small Pinacle on the ridge or top of a house. 1879 G. Meredith Egoist I. 255 A venerable gentleman for whom a white hair grew on the cop of his nose.] b. esp. of a hill. ΘΚΠ the world > the earth > land > landscape > high land > hill or mountain > [noun] > summit knollc888 knapc1000 copc1374 crest?a1400 head?a1425 summit1481 summitya1500 mountain topa1522 hilltop1530 stump1664 scalp1810 bald1838 van1871 dod1878 berg-top1953 c1374 G. Chaucer tr. Boethius De Consol. Philos. ii. iv. 44 On þe cop of þe mountayngne. c1384 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Douce 369(2)) (1850) Luke iv. 29 And ledde him to the cop of the hil in [emended in ed. to on] which the cite of hem is foundid. c1400 Mandeville's Trav. (1839) iii. 17 Aboven at the Cop of the Hille is the Eir so cleer. c1430 Life St. Kath. (1884) 63 In þe coppe of the hille plente of oyle welleth oute largely. 1599 J. Lok in R. Hakluyt Princ. Navigations (new ed.) II. i. 107 This cape is a highhil [sic]..and on the East corner it hath a high cop. 1628 E. Coke 1st Pt. Inst. Lawes Eng. i i. §1 (note) Cope signifieth a Hill, and so doth Lawe. 1727 N. Bailey Universal Etymol. Eng. Dict. II Cop, Cope, at the beginning of the Name, signifies a Top of an Hill, as Copeland.] †c. The head. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > life > the body > external parts of body > head > [noun] nolleOE headOE topa1225 copc1264 scalpa1300 chiefc1330 crownc1330 jowla1400 poll?a1400 testea1400 ball in the hoodc1400 palleta1425 noddle?1507 costard?1515 nab?1536 neck1560 coxcomb1567 sconce1567 now1568 headpiece1579 mazer1581 mazardc1595 cockcomb1602 costrel1604 cranion1611 pasha1616 noddle pate1622 block1635 cranium1647 sallet1652 poundrel1664 nob1699 crany?1730 knowledge box1755 noodle1762 noggin1769 napper1785 garret1796 pimple1811 knowledge-casket1822 coco1828 cobbra1832 coconut1834 top-piece1838 nut1841 barnet1857 twopenny1859 chump1864 topknot1869 conk1870 masthead1884 filbert1886 bonce1889 crumpet1891 dome1891 roof1897 beanc1905 belfry1907 hat rack1907 melon1907 box1908 lemon1923 loaf1925 pound1933 sconec1945 nana1966 c1264 Song against King of Almaine in Pol. Songs (Camd.) 70 Sire Simond de Montfort hath suore by ys cop. c1275 Laȝamon Brut 684 Bi þe coppe [c1205 þone toppe] he him nam, also he hine wolde slean. c1326 Poem on Times Edw. II in Pol. Songs 326 And there shal symonye ben taken bi the cop. ?a1600 Robin Hood 28 in Furniv. Percy Folio I. 27 A payre of blacke breeches the yeoman had on, his coppe all shone of steele. †d. A crest on the head of a bird. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > animals > birds > parts of or bird defined by > [noun] > head > feathers on cop1483 top1578 copple1600 copple-crowna1635 topping1694 mufty1829 muff1850 ear tab1851 calotte1874 aigrette1917 1483 Cath. Angl. 75 Cop, cirrus, crista est auium. 1570 P. Levens Manipulus Vocabulorum sig. Oii/1 Y^e Cop on a birds head, cristale. 1606 P. Holland tr. Suetonius Hist. Twelve Caesars 23 The blacke cop, or hair-like fethers that it carieth upon the head. 1694 Philos. Trans. 1693 (Royal Soc.) 17 995 The one has a tufted Cops on the Head, the other is smooth feather'd. 1787 T. Best Conc. Treat. Angling (ed. 2) 89 The top, or cop, of a pevit, plover or lap-wing. †e. A tall or towering head-dress. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > types or styles of clothing > headgear > [noun] > tall turret1473 high head1580 towerc1612 fontange1685 commodea1687 cop1688 toppingc1690 cock-up1692 1688 R. Holme Acad. Armory ii. 395/1 The Jews cover for the head I have seen termed a Cop. †2. A round piece of wood within the top of a beehive. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > farming > animal husbandry > bee-keeping > [noun] > beehive > parts of moutha1398 stool?1523 skirt1555 hackle1609 smoot1615 imp1618 bolster1623 cop1623 underlaya1642 hack1658 tee-hole1669 frame1673 hood1686 alighting board1780 body box1823 superhive1847 super1855 quilt1870 queen excluder1881 bar-super1884 brood box1888 1623 C. Butler Feminine Monarchie (rev. ed.) iii. sig. F1^v The Coppe is a round piece of wood an inch or two thicke..conuex, turned or hewed fit to the concauitie of the top of the Hiue. 3. a. Spinning. The conical ball of thread wound upon a spindle or tube in a spinning machine; see also quot. 1874. ΘΚΠ the world > textiles and clothing > textiles > thread or yarn > [noun] > spun > ball of cop1795 1795 J. Aikin Descr. Country round Manch. 167 The custom of giving out weft in the Cops..grew into disuse. 1803 Wood Specif. Patent 2711 2 These methods of forming the cop improves reeling much. 1837 Penny Cycl. VIII. 96/1 While returning to the roller, the thread which has been spun is wound or built on the spindle in a conical form, and is called a cop. 1840 T. P. Thompson Exercises (1842) V. 292 Never mind whether the man..ever made a ‘cop’ of cotton or not. 1864 R. A. Arnold Hist. Cotton Famine 33 Spinners..have, in technical language..to ‘doff the cops’; in other words..to remove and relieve the spindles of the spun yarn. 1874 E. H. Knight Pract. Dict. Mech. Cop, a tube, also known as a quill, for winding silk upon in given lengths for market; a substitute for skeins. 1875 R. Hunt & F. W. Rudler Ure's Dict. Arts (ed. 7) I. 998 At the commencement of the formation of a set of cops, when the yarn is being wound on the bare spindles, the spindles require to have a greater number of turns given to them than they do when the cop bottom is formed. 1880 Spencer in Inst. Mech. Engineers: Proc. 507 It is necessary..to wind the nose of the cop in all its stages equally close and firm. b. transferred. Applied to the form in which the line of a rocket-apparatus is wound. ΚΠ 1887 Daily News 9 Mar. 6/7 The line is wound up in the form of a cop with a hollow extending throughout its whole length. The cop is placed in a canister, which has a hole in the rear end. II. [Here are placed provisionally several senses, obsolete or dialectal, possibly related to cop n.¹; though their history is uncertain.] 4. ? A heap, mound, tumulus: cf. cop v.¹ 1, coop n.³ ΘΚΠ the world > space > relative position > arrangement or fact of being arranged > state of being gathered together > an assemblage or collection > [noun] > mass formed by collection of particles > an accumulation > heap or pile heapc725 cockeOE hill1297 tassc1330 glub1382 mow?1424 bulkc1440 pile1440 pie1526 bing1528 borwen1570 ruck1601 rick1608 wreck1612 congest1625 castle1636 coacervation1650 congestion1664 cop1666 cumble1694 bin1695 toss1695 thurrock1708 rucklea1725 burrow1784 mound1788 wad1805 stook1865 boorach1868 barrow1869 sorites1871 tump1892 fid1926 clamp- 1666 in J. A. Picton City of Liverpool: Select. Munic. Rec. (1883) I. 315 That the said Roger..throw the coppe hee made upon the highway..into the castle trench. 1823 New Monthly Mag. 9 16/1 Silver coins..found..in an old cop upon Cockey Moor, near Bolton. 1847 J. O. Halliwell Dict. Archaic & Provinc. Words I Cop (1)..a heap of anything. North. 5. A conical heap of unbound barley, oats, or pease, or of straw or hay. (Chiefly in Kent.) ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > farming > cultivation or tillage > cultivation of plants or crops > harvesting > [noun] > stooking > stook or cock shockc1325 cocka1398 stook14.. poukera1450 haycockc1470 cop1512 stitch1603 pook1607 grass cock1614 hattock1673 stuckle1682 cocklet1788 coil?a1800 lap-cock1802 shuck1811 button1850 1512 Accts. St. John's Hosp., Canterbury (Canterbury Cathedral Archives: CCA-U13/4) Payd for viij coppys off strawe xiiijd. ob. 1577 B. Googe tr. C. Heresbach Foure Bks. Husbandry i. f. 42 Corne..is presently to be bounde in sheaues: although Barley, Oates, and other Corne and Pulse is made vp in Coppes and Ryckes, but not without hurt and hazarde. 1648 Earl of Westmorland Otia Sacra (1879) 175 With crooked Sickle reaps and bindes—Up into Sheaves to help the hindes; Whose arguing alon's in this, Which Cop lies well, and which amiss. 1695 W. Kennett Parochial Antiq. Gloss. at Coppire A cop of hay, a cop of pease, a cop of straw, etc. are used in Kent for a high rising heap. 1736 J. Lewis Hist. Isle Tenet (ed. 2) [= Thanet] 96 Cop of pease..15 sheaves in the field, and 16 in the barn. [Hence in Pegge, Halliwell, etc.] 1863 J. C. Morton Cycl. Agric. (new ed.) in J. Britten Old Country & Farming Words (1880) 139 Cop of straw (Kent), the straw from sixteen sheaves. 1887 W. D. Parish & W. F. Shaw Dict. Kentish Dial. Cop, a shock of corn; a stack of hay or straw. 6. An enclosing mound or bank; a hedge-bank. Chiefly in Cheshire.In the first quot. the word is perhaps copse. ΚΠ 1600 Maydes Metamorphosis ii. sig. C4^v I do come about the coppes, Leaping vpon flowers toppes.] 1836 G. Head Home Tour 60 Walking by the side of the river, upon the Dee Cop as it is called (the large embankment by which some thousands of acres of reclaimed land were formerly enclosed). 1844 Jrnl. Royal Agric. Soc. 5 i. 99–103. 1856 T. De Quincey Confessions Eng. Opium-eater (rev. ed.) in Select. Grave & Gay V. 101 On the right bank of the river [Dee] runs an artificial mound, called the Cop. 1859 R. E. Egerton-Warburton Hunting Songs (new ed.) 99 And straightway at a hedgerow cop he drove his gallant steed. 1869 J. C. Atkinson Peacock's Gloss. Dial. Hundred of Lonsdale Cop, a mound or bank. The raised earthen part of a fence in which the thorns are planted. 1887 T. Darlington Folk-speech S. Cheshire Cop, a hedge bank. Also commonly called hedge-cop. 7. The central ridge of a butt of ploughed land (butt n.²), lying midway between the ‘reens’ or gutters on each side. ΚΠ 1859 Jrnl. Royal Agric. Soc. 20 i. 221 The fashion was to plough in ‘five-bolt butts’, that is, small lands or stetches of ten furrows each; and the work being thus all ‘cops’ and ‘reanes’, not only was there a waste of ground from such a redundance of water-furrows, but there was a great loss of time in ploughing. 1876 W. Worcester Gloss. Cop, in ploughing, the first ‘bout’ of a ‘veering’. 1879 G. F. Jackson Shropshire Word-bk. Cop, the highest part of a ‘but’ in ploughed land. 1881 S. Evans Evans's Leicestershire Words (new ed.) (at cited word) To ‘set the cops’ in ploughing is to mark out the first furrows on each side of the spaces or ‘lands’ into which the field is divided..The cops of a field in med. Latin are capita. Compounds C1. attributive. cop-changing adj. ΚΠ 1927 T. Woodhouse Artificial Silk: Manuf. & Uses 131 One type of..cop-changing automatic loom. † cop-crowned adj. Obsolete ΘΚΠ the world > space > shape > fact or condition of tapering > condition of tapering to a point > [adjective] > at the top copped1460 mitreda1547 coppled1600 coped1611 fastigiated1647 cop-crowned1650 copped-crowned1650 copple-crowned1699 fastigiatea1705 tenting1818 tectiform1834 pedimented1875 pedimental1890 the world > life > the body > external parts of body > head > types of head > [adjective] > attribute of dejected1600 cop-crowned1650 copped-crowned1650 chubbed1674 chuckle1721 massive1843 1650 J. Bulwer Anthropometamorphosis 3 The Genuensians for the most part have high and coppe-crown'd heads. C2. cop-bone n. the kneecap (dialect). ΚΠ 1847–78 J. O. Halliwell Dict. Archaic & Provinc. Words Cop-bone, the knee-pan. Somerset. 1888 F. T. Elworthy W. Somerset Word-bk. Cop-bone, the knee-cap. † cop-castle n. Obsolete (see quot.). ΚΠ 1755 S. Johnson Dict. Eng. Lang. at Cop A cob-castle, properly cop-castle, a small castle or house on a hill. † cop-height n. Obsolete a great height. ΚΠ 1591 in J. Nichols Progresses Queen Elizabeth III. 93 That Envie, though she shoote on cop-height, cannot reach her. cop-horse n. = cock-horse n., adv., and adj. (dialect). ΘΚΠ society > leisure > entertainment > toy or plaything > other toys > [noun] > hobby-horse, etc. cock-horse1541 hobby-horse1589 hobby1689 cop-horse1877 1877 E. Peacock Gloss. Words Manley & Corringham, Lincs. Cop-horse. cop reel n. a machine which receives the yarn from the cops and winds it into hanks. ΚΠ 1890 J. Nasmith Mod. Cotton Spinning Machinery xiii. 262 It depends upon whether it is employed to wind the yarn from cops or bobbins whether it is known as a ‘cop’ or ‘bobbin’ reel... Ordinarily one swift only is used in a cop reel, and two in a bobbin reel. cop reeler n. ΚΠ ?1881 Census Eng. & Wales: Instr. Clerks classifying Occupations & Ages (?1885) 68 Cop Reeler... Cop Winder. Categories » cop-spinner n. a spinning machine combining in one frame the advantages of the throstle and mule. cop-tube n. (see quot.). ΚΠ 1874 E. H. Knight Amer. Mech. Dict. I. 619/2 Cop-tube, the tube in a spinning-machine on which the conical ball, or cop, of thread or yarn is formed. cop-twist n. ‘twist’ or warping yarn in ‘cops’, as taken off the spindles. ΚΠ 1888 Daily News 25 Apr. 2/5 Some spinnings of 32's and 40's cop twist..an advance was quoted upon them of 1-16d. per lb. cop warp n. warp-yarn spun on to cops. ΚΠ 1862 Catal. Internat. Exhib., Brit. II. No. 3653 Cotton yarns, cop warp, doubled yarns. cop-waste n. the waste cotton from the cops. ΚΠ 1849 Amer. Railroad Jrnl. 3 Nov. 696 (advt.) Clean cop-waste suitable for cleaning..engines. cop winder n. one who winds yarn into the form of cops or winds yarn from the cops on to bobbins. ΚΠ ?1881Cop winder [see cop reeler n.]. 1907 Daily Chron. 11 Feb. 4/6 The reelers, hank makers, cop-winders, gassers, and doublers. 1921 Dict. Occup. Terms (1927) §367 Cop Winder; (i) winds yarn from cops, short cylindrical paper tubes, on to bobbins; (ii) winds weft yarn from spinning frame bobbins, or from hanks, into form of cops. cop-yarn n. cotton yarn in ‘cops’. ΚΠ 1851 Art Jrnl. Illustr. Catal. p. vi*/2 A conical-shaped coil of yarn..which..is slid off the spindle, in which state the article is ready for the market, under the denomination of Cop yarn. 1887 Daily News* 16 July 6/8 For cop yarns spinners are willing to accept the lowest prices they have taken. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1893; most recently modified version published online March 2022). † copn.³ Brit. /kɒp/, U.S. /kɑp/ Forms: Old English coppa, Middle English–1500s coppe; 1600s cob n.⁴ Etymology: Old English -coppa (masculine), probably identical in stem with cop(p) top, head, or copp cup; occurring in the compound attorcoppa (attor , átor poison), Danish edderkop , Scots eddercop , ethercap , see attercop n., ettercap n.; the simple form appears also in Middle Dutch (and modern Flemish) coppe , cobbe , Westph. cobbe , spider; modern Dutch has spinnekop . Compare also cob n.⁴; cobweb n., Middle English coppeweb, copweb. Obsolete. A spider. ΘΚΠ the world > animals > invertebrates > phylum Arthropoda > class Arachnida > [noun] > order Aranea > member of (spider) lopc888 attercopc1000 lobc1000 spinnerc1220 araina1300 spider1340 yraync1384 copa1400 spincop1474 copspin1484 ettercapa1525 web-weaver1534 spinster1636 cob1657 weaver1825 araneidan1835 Meggie-lickie-spinnie1849 silk-spinner1868 orbitele1890 a1400–50 Alexander 3300 Like to the werke, Þat þis coppis opon kell-wise knytt in þe woȝes. c1450 J. Myrc Instr. to Par. Priests 1937 Ȝef any flye, gnat, or coppe Doun in-to the chalys droppe. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1893; most recently modified version published online March 2022). copn.⁴ Forms: Also copse. Etymology: Derivation unknown: copse is apparently for the plural cops , the plural being common in local names of this apparatus, e.g. lead-trees , ripples , etc.; but it is also possible that copse was really a singular, and cop mistakenly formed from it under the notion that it was a plural: compare the history of copse n. Obsolete exc. dialect. The movable frame attached to the front of a wagon or farm cart, or projecting all round its sides, so as to extend its surface when carrying a bulky load, as of hay, corn, copsewood, or the like. ΘΚΠ society > travel > means of travel > a conveyance > vehicle > cart, carriage, or wagon > cart or wagon for conveying goods > [noun] > parts of > body > plank or rail > to increase capacity cart-staff1297 thripple14.. rathe1459 summer1510 cart-ladder?1523 rail1530 rave1530 shelboard1569 wain-flakes1570 load-pina1642 shelvingsa1642 cop1679 float1686 lade1686 outrigger1794 shelvement1808 sideboard1814 heck1825 hay-rigging1855 floating rail1892 1679 P. Henry Diaries & Lett. (1882) 279 A child..fell off y^e cop of y^e cart near Odford, his father driving the cart. 1771 Ann. Reg. 1770 154 [Taken to execution with] her coffin on the copse of the cart. 1841 Jrnl. Royal Agric. Soc. 2 i. 76 The outrigger, or ‘copse’ supported over the horse by an iron upright from the shafts. 1847–78 J. O. Halliwell Dict. Archaic & Provinc. Words Cop, that part of a waggon which hangs over the thiller~horse [no source or locality given]. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1893; most recently modified version published online March 2021). copn.⁵ Brit. /kɒp/, U.S. /kɑp/ Etymology: Compare cop v.³ and copper n.⁴ slang. A policeman. cops and robbers (originally U.S.): a children's game in which ‘police’ hunt ‘robbers’; also (? nonce-use) cops and thieves and transferred. ΘΚΠ society > law > law enforcement > police force or the police > [noun] > policeman truncheon officer1708 runner1735 horny1753 nibbing-cull1775 nabbing-cull1780 police officer1784 police constable1787 policeman1788 scout1789 nabman1792 nabber1795 pig1811 Bow-street officer1812 nab1813 peeler1816 split1819 grunter1823 robin redbreast1824 bulky1828 raw (or unboiled) lobster1829 Johnny Darm1830 polis1833 crusher1835 constable1839 police1839 agent1841 johndarm1843 blue boy1844 bobby1844 bluebottle1845 copper1846 blue1848 polisman1850 blue coat1851 Johnny1851 PC1851 spot1851 Jack1854 truncheonist1854 fly1857 greycoat1857 cop1859 Cossack1859 slop1859 scuffer1860 nailerc1863 worm1864 Robert1870 reeler1879 minion of the law1882 ginger pop1887 rozzer1888 nark1890 bull1893 grasshopper1893 truncheon-bearer1896 John1898 finger1899 flatty1899 mug1903 John Dunn1904 John Hop1905 gendarme1906 Johnny Hop1908 pavement pounder1908 buttons1911 flat-foot1913 pounder1919 Hop1923 bogy1925 shamus1925 heat1928 fuzz1929 law1929 narker1932 roach1932 jonnop1938 grass1939 roller1940 Babylon1943 walloper1945 cozzer1950 Old Bill1958 cowboy1959 monaych1961 cozzpot1962 policeperson1965 woolly1965 Fed1966 wolly1970 plod1971 roz1971 Smokey Bear1974 bear1975 beast1978 woodentop1981 Five-O1983 dibble1990 Bow-street runner- society > leisure > entertainment > pastimes > game > children's game > other children's games > [noun] > game of make-believe > specific Indian1834 mothers and fathers1903 Cowboys and Indians1916 cops and robbers1938 1859 G. W. Matsell Vocabulum 124 (Farmer) Oh! where will be..all the cops and beaks so knowin' A hundred stretches hence? 1867 F. H. Ludlow Brace of Boys 262 What's a cop?.. That's what the boys call a policeman. 1884 Breadwinners 212 ‘Who's afraid of half-a-dozen cops’, said a burly ruffian. 1903 Independent (U.S.) 15 Jan. 146/1 When I was a youngster one of my favorite games was what we children called ‘Cops and Thieves’. 1938 ‘E. Queen’ Four of Hearts (1939) xi. 119 They're going down to the Horseshoe Club to play cops and robbers with Alessandro. 1954 A. Koestler Invisible Writing xx. 225 The sensation of participating in an exciting cops-and-robbers game. 1957 A. R. Manvell & J. Huntley Technique Film Music ii. 35 The villains are rounded up and hustled into a nearby police station, accompanied by a light musical parody in the ‘cops and robbers’ style of the silent film. 1959 J. O'Donovan Visited xxxi. 201 He..was momentarily ashamed of himself, as if he had been caught playing cops and robbers. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1893; most recently modified version published online June 2022). copn.⁶ dialect. = cob n.⁸ a blow. ΚΠ 1884 in R. Holland Gloss. Words County of Chester This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1893; most recently modified version published online June 2018). copn.⁷ Brit. /kɒp/, U.S. /kɑp/ Etymology: < cop v.³ slang. 1. Capture; used chiefly in a fair cop. ΘΚΠ society > law > administration of justice > general proceedings > arrest > [noun] attachmenta1325 arresting1424 arrest1440 arrestment1474 restc1500 attach1508 attaching1515 deprehension1527 prehension1534 apprehending1563 apprehension1577 cog-shoulder1604 caption1609 deprension1654 nap1655 arrestation1792 body-snatching1840 shoulder-tap1842 collar1865 fall1883 nicking1883 cop1886 pinch1900 pickup1908 1886 Sessions' Papers Aug. 4/4 What do you want to search me for? You have got a good cop. 1889 Standard 9 Oct. 3/7 (E.D.D.) Prisoner remarked it was ‘a fair cop’. 1891 Daily News 24 Oct. 5/2 ‘It's a fair cop,’ said the thief. 1895 Argus (Melbourne) 22 Nov. Witness. That was a fair cop. Mr. Justice Hodges. A fair what? Witness. A fair cop, your Honour, means a fair ‘have’. 1898 Daily News 13 Apr. 8/7 It's a fair cop; you have got me all right and no mistake. 1901 G. B. Shaw Admirable Bashville iii. 329 Policeman. Sir: had I known your quality, this cop I had averted. 1901 W. W. Jacobs Light Freights ‘Fair cop,’ ses Ginger, who was still rubbing his leg. 1935 ‘J. Guthrie’ Little Country iii. 65 The young man..glared round as if for some means of escape... ‘It's a fair cop!’ said the young man. 2. a. Catch, acquisition. With negative, no cop, not much cop: of no or little value or use, worthless. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > harm or detriment > disadvantage > uselessness > useless [phrase] of no valure1483 no (also not much) bottle1846 not much cop1902 no dice1931 1902 J. Milne Epist. Atkins vii. 136 We are going to a place called Spion Kop, and I don't think it will be much of a ‘kop’ for our chaps. 1919 J. B. Morton Barber of Putney xviii ‘Once upon a time..this 'eap o' bricks was a first-class billet.’ ‘Doesn't look much cop now,’ said Tim. 1929 E. Raymond Family that Was ii. ii. 147 A month or two in service, which was no cop—no cop at all. 1932 D. L. Sayers Have his Carcase xxiii. 306 The nobility ain't much cop these days, but Lord Peter is vell known. 1960 H. Pinter Caretaker i. 15 At least they're comfortable. Not much cop, but I mean they don't hurt. 1970 K. Giles Death in Church iii. 56 The house..has never been much cop. People don't like living opposite a church or a graveyard. b. Without negative, esp. Australian and New Zealand = catch n.² 6. ΚΠ 1889 A. Barrère & C. G. Leland Dict. Slang I. 271/2 To cop,..(Sporting), to win, to get money; a dead cop, a sure method of arriving at this result. 1916 C. J. Dennis Songs Sentimental Bloke (new ed.) 120 Cop, an avocation, a ‘job’. 1941 S. J. Baker Pop. Dict. Austral. Slang 20 Cop, a good job obtained by shrewdness or luck: an agreeable proposition: a bit of luck. 1944 A. F. St. Bruno Desert Daze 11 Any other bottles that fell into his maw were distinct ‘cop’. 1945 S. J. Baker Austral. Lang. vii. 143 Cop, profit, a job or trick from which a large return is gained. 1945 S. J. Baker Austral. Lang. ix. 174 Australian equivalents [of dead cert] are dead bird,..sure cop. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1933; most recently modified version published online June 2022). copv.¹ Brit. /kɒp/, U.S. /kɑp/ Etymology: < cop n.² II. Now dialect. 1. transitive. To pile up in a tumulus, heap, or mound; to bank up. ΘΚΠ the world > space > relative position > arrangement or fact of being arranged > state of being gathered together > gather together [verb (transitive)] > gather in one mass or form lumps > accumulate > heap or pile up heapc1000 ruck?c1225 ruckle?c1225 givelc1300 upheap1469 binga1522 pilec1540 copa1552 bank1577 hill1581 plet1584 conglomerate1596 acervate1623 coacervate1623 tilea1643 aggest1655 coacerve1660 pyramida1666 aggerate1693 big1716 bepilea1726 clamp1742 bulk1822 pang1898 a1552 [implied in: J. Leland De Rebvs Britannicis Collectanea (1774) II. 521 A great Hepe of Stones layed coppid up where he was buried. (at copped adj. 2b)]. 1605 [implied in: J. Stow Annales 101 A great heape of stones was laide copped vp where Hubba was buried. (at copped adj. 2b)]. 1869 J. C. Atkinson Peacock's Gloss. Dial. Hundred of Lonsdale To cop up a fence, to set up a fence. 1875 W. D. Parish Dict. Sussex Dial. 30 Cop,..to heap anything up. 1887 in Kentish Dial. 2. To put up unbound corn or hay in ‘cops’. (Now in Kent and Sussex.) ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > farming > cultivation or tillage > cultivation of plants or crops > harvesting > harvest (a crop) [verb (transitive)] > make into stooks cock1392 shockc1440 stookc1575 cop1581 pook1587 recock1610 pout1617 stitch1669 1581 Act 23 Eliz. c. 10 §4 Before..such Corn or Grain shall be shocked, cocked, hilled or copped. 1581 W. Lambarde Eirenarcha (1588) iv. iv. 444 In any ground where any corne or graine did then grow, or before it was shocked or copped. 1891 J. M. Cowper (in letter) [In Kent] when rain threatened, the barley or oats were hurriedly copped, as hay is now, to save as much as possible from being wetted. Categories » 3. ‘To plough in ridges for planting’ ( Radnor Gloss.). This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1893; most recently modified version published online March 2022). copv.² Brit. /kɒp/, U.S. /kɑp/ dialect. transitive. To throw, toss, ‘chuck’ (East Anglian, Kent, Sussex). ΚΠ 1806 R. Bloomfield Wild Flowers 36 I could have cop't them at their pates. a1825 R. Forby Vocab. E. Anglia (1830) Cop, to throw something upwards, in order to reach a mark at some moderate distance. 1845 Peter Parley's Ann. 38 A pancake nicely copt, as the Suffolk people have it, who are reported..to throw a pancake up the chimney, then go to the street door, and catch it without smutting it. 1875 W. D. Parish Dict. Sussex Dial. 30 Cop, to throw. 1887 W. D. Parish & W. F. Shaw Dict. Kentish Dial. Derivatives cop-halfpenny n. ΚΠ a1825 R. Forby Vocab. E. Anglia (1830) Cop-Halfpenny, the game more generally called chuck-farthing. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1893; most recently modified version published online March 2022). copv.³ Brit. /kɒp/, U.S. /kɑp/ Etymology: Perhaps a broad pronunciation of cap v.² (Old French caper to seize); in nearly all North English glossaries; and now of general diffusion in the slang of schoolboys, criminals, policemen, etc. northern dialect and slang. a. transitive. To capture, catch, lay hold of, ‘nab’. ΘΚΠ the mind > possession > taking > seizing > catching or capture > catch or capture [verb (transitive)] i-lecchec1000 fang1016 hentOE takeOE alatchlOE catchc1275 wina1300 to take ina1387 attain1393 geta1400 overhent?a1400 restay?a1400 seizea1400 tachec1400 arrest1481 carrya1500 collara1535 snap1568 overgo1581 surprise1592 nibble1608 incaptivate1611 nicka1640 cop1704 chop1726 nail1735 to give a person the foot1767 capture1796 hooka1800 sniba1801 net1803 nib1819 prehend1831 corral1860 rope1877 1704 E. Ward Dissenting Hypocrite 30 If the Cruel Stork should come, He'd Tyrannize and Cop up some [Frogs]. 1844 tr. Eugene Sue's Myst. Paris iii. xi Waiting until the patrol should pass to commence my robbery..in order to be copped. 1868 Daily Tel. 7 Sept. The privileged driver, on dropping his fare..almost invariably ‘cops’ a job on his way back. 1883 T. Lees Easther's Gloss. Dial. Almondbury & Huddersfield (at cited word) A cricket ball is copt; so is a bird if hit with a stone. 1886 T. Frost Reminisc. Country Journalist ii. 26 He copped Joe as he was coming out of the granary. 1888 Pall Mall Gaz. 11 June 8/1 Prisoner said, ‘Yes, I am the man. I am glad you have copped me.’ b. To steal. ΘΚΠ the mind > possession > taking > stealing or theft > steal [verb (transitive)] pick?c1300 takec1300 fetch1377 bribec1405 usurpc1412 rapc1415 to rap and rendc1415 embezzle1495 lifta1529 pilfer1532 suffurate1542 convey?1545 mill1567 prig1567 strike1567 lag1573 shave1585 knave1601 twitch1607 cly1610 asport1621 pinch1632 snapa1639 nap1665 panyar1681 to carry off1684 to pick up1687 thievea1695 to gipsy away1696 bone1699 make1699 win1699 magg1762 snatch1766 to make off with1768 snavel1795 feck1809 shake1811 nail1819 geach1821 pull1821 to run off1821 smug1825 nick1826 abduct1831 swag1846 nobble1855 reef1859 snig1862 find1865 to pull off1865 cop1879 jump1879 slock1888 swipe1889 snag1895 rip1904 snitch1904 pole1906 glom1907 boost1912 hot-stuff1914 score1914 clifty1918 to knock off1919 snoop1924 heist1930 hoist1931 rabbit1943 to rip off1967 to have off1974 1879 Macmillan's Mag. Oct. 500/1 I was taken by two pals (companions) to an orchard to cop (steal) some fruit. 1931 D. Runyon Guys & Dolls (1932) viii. 163 Madame la Gimp does a little scrubbing business around a swell apartment hotel..and she cops stationery there. 1932 J. T. Farrell Young Lonigan iii. 139 Johnny O'Brien ran home, and copped a piece of beefsteak from his old lady. 1955 D. W. Maurer in Publ. Amer. Dial. Soc. No. 24. 74 ‘Cop,’ he [sc. a pickpocket] says, and the duke man has the roll. c. [compare cop n.⁶] to cop (a person) one: to deal (someone) a blow. slang. ΘΚΠ the world > movement > impact > striking > strike [verb (transitive)] > specific animate object drepeOE smitec1200 buffet?c1225 strike1377 rapa1400 seta1400 frontc1400 ballc1450 throw1488 to bear (a person) a blow1530 fetch1556 douse1559 knetcha1564 slat1577 to hit any one a blow1597 wherret1599 alapate1609 shock1614 baske1642 measure1652 plump1785 jow1802 nobble1841 scuff1841 clump1864 bust1873 plonk1874 to sock it to1877 dot1881 biff1888 dong1889 slosh1890 to soak it to1892 to cop (a person) one1898 poke1906 to hang one on1908 bop1931 clonk1949 1898 J. D. Brayshaw Slum Silhouettes 3 The Gent. copped 'im one fair under the chin, an' dahn 'e goes. 1935 P. G. Wodehouse Blandings Castle vi. 122 I copped 'im on the shin wiv a stone. d. to cop out: to escape; to stop (work, etc.); to drop out from society; also, to give up an attempt, to evade a responsibility (chiefly North American). slang. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > completing > non-completion > abandon an attempt or enterprise [verb (intransitive)] unbenda1400 unbinda1400 to leave (a person) the field?c1450 to give upa1616 to call (it) quits1851 to pull the pin1860 to hang up one's fiddle1889 to pack in1906 to pack up1925 to cop out1942 to give it away1949 the world > action or operation > safety > escape > [verb (intransitive)] > as thieves or criminals to take stoppo1935 to cop out1942 to do a runner1980 the world > action or operation > inaction > not doing > abstaining or refraining from action > abstain or refrain from action [verb (intransitive)] > avoid > evade responsibility or obligation to cop out1942 1942 L. V. Berrey & M. Van den Bark Amer. Thes. Slang §498/3 Flee; escape, cop,..cop (an) out. 1961 F. J. Rigney & L. D. Smith Real Bohemia p. xiv Cop, to; — out,..to give up Bohemian values, to ‘sell out to squares’. 1967 Jazz Monthly Dec. 19/2 One might expect him to be playing from memory to some extent, taking it easy and copping out when he can. 1968–70 Current Slang (Univ. S. Dakota) 3–4 30, 31 Cop out,..to quit, give up without trying. 1969 It 13–28 June 1 After Photoprinters..copped out..It..appeared in a limited edition. 1970 Win 1 Jan. 25/3 The intellectuals, so many of whom were kept from copping out by Bob's continuing commitment in the face of death. 1973 Sunday Sun (Brisbane) 30 Dec. 20/5 One gets the feeling that Jewison's use of modern tanks..and frenetic dance routines gives him some sort of an excuse to cop out if he needed to do so. 1978 S. Brill Teamsters x. 396 Did Gibbons cop out where a stronger man would have acted? 1986 New Statesman 4 July 3/3 But Peacock and Co...could hardly cop out at that early stage and announce that advertising on the BBC would be a bad thing. Phrases P1. a. to cop it v. To ‘catch’ it, to be punished, get into trouble; also, to die. ΘΚΠ the world > life > death > [verb (intransitive)] forsweltc888 sweltc888 adeadeOE deadc950 wendeOE i-wite971 starveOE witea1000 forfereOE forthfareOE forworthc1000 to go (also depart , pass, i-wite, chare) out of this worldOE queleOE fallOE to take (also nim, underfo) (the) deathOE to shed (one's own) blood?a1100 diec1135 endc1175 farec1175 to give up the ghostc1175 letc1200 aswelta1250 leavea1250 to-sweltc1275 to-worthc1275 to yield (up) the ghost (soul, breath, life, spirit)c1290 finea1300 spilla1300 part?1316 to leese one's life-daysa1325 to nim the way of deathc1325 to tine, leave, lose the sweatc1330 flit1340 trance1340 determinec1374 disperisha1382 to go the way of all the eartha1382 to be gathered to one's fathers1382 miscarryc1387 shut1390 goa1393 to die upa1400 expirea1400 fleea1400 to pass awaya1400 to seek out of lifea1400–50 to sye hethena1400 tinea1400 trespass14.. espirec1430 to end one's days?a1439 decease1439 to go away?a1450 ungoc1450 unlivec1450 to change one's lifea1470 vade1495 depart1501 to pay one's debt to (also the debt of) naturea1513 to decease this world1515 to go over?1520 jet1530 vade1530 to go westa1532 to pick over the perch1532 galpa1535 to die the death1535 to depart to God1548 to go home1561 mort1568 inlaikc1575 shuffle1576 finish1578 to hop (also tip, pitch over, drop off, etc.) the perch1587 relent1587 unbreathe1589 transpass1592 to lose one's breath1596 to make a die (of it)1611 to go offa1616 fail1623 to go out1635 to peak over the percha1641 exita1652 drop1654 to knock offa1657 to kick upa1658 to pay nature her due1657 ghost1666 to march off1693 to die off1697 pike1697 to drop off1699 tip (over) the perch1699 to pass (also go, be called, etc.) to one's reward1703 sink1718 vent1718 to launch into eternity1719 to join the majority1721 demise1727 to pack off1735 to slip one's cable1751 turf1763 to move off1764 to pop off the hooks1764 to hop off1797 to pass on1805 to go to glory1814 sough1816 to hand in one's accounts1817 to slip one's breatha1819 croak1819 to slip one's wind1819 stiffen1820 weed1824 buy1825 to drop short1826 to fall (a) prey (also victim, sacrifice) to1839 to get one's (also the) call1839 to drop (etc.) off the hooks1840 to unreeve one's lifeline1840 to step out1844 to cash, pass or send in one's checks1845 to hand in one's checks1845 to go off the handle1848 to go under1848 succumb1849 to turn one's toes up1851 to peg out1852 walk1858 snuff1864 to go or be up the flume1865 to pass outc1867 to cash in one's chips1870 to go (also pass over) to the majority1883 to cash in1884 to cop it1884 snuff1885 to belly up1886 perch1886 to kick the bucket1889 off1890 to knock over1892 to pass over1897 to stop one1901 to pass in1904 to hand in one's marble1911 the silver cord is loosed1911 pip1913 to cross over1915 conk1917 to check out1921 to kick off1921 to pack up1925 to step off1926 to take the ferry1928 peg1931 to meet one's Maker1933 to kiss off1935 to crease it1959 zonk1968 cark1977 to cark it1979 to take a dirt nap1981 society > authority > punishment > [verb (intransitive)] > receive punishment shendc897 drinka1340 sufferc1380 to kiss the roda1586 to pay for——a1593 to give, get goss1840 to come in for it1841 to cop it1884 1884 R. Holland Gloss. Words County of Chester (1886) 79 Cop, to catch, both in the sense of capturing, and in the semi-slang sense of being scolded. 1902 J. Milne Epist. Atkins vii. 131 Often..I have heard fellows say, ‘I know I am going to kop out,’ and sure enough they have. 1905 Daily Chron. 19 Sept. 4/7 Though it tarry, it shall surely come; and when it does—as an errand boy would say—‘somebody 'll cop out’! 1909 Daily Chron. 9 Apr. 6/6 When arrested he remarked, ‘I suppose I shall “cop” it for this.’ 1915 ‘B. Cable’ Between Lines 194 By the way 'is 'ands jerked up an' 'is 'ead jerked back when I fired, I fancy 'e copped it right enough. 1927 Blackwood's Mag. July 83/1 Half of the beggars had copped it for good and all. 1933 D. L. Sayers Murder must Advertise vii. 120 I'm really fearfully sorry you copped that packet that was meant for me. 1934 E. Blunden in Challenge to Death 337 As the thing began It ended; only, as you see, we boys Have copped unlucky. 1941 A. Christie N or M? xii. 159 Yes, it looked bad, it did. Looked as though he might have copped one. 1967 Listener 22 June 809/2 I saw an irate African driver jump off his bus and tell the passengers that it had ‘copped it’. b. Categories » cop a packet phr. dialect slang. Categories » to cop out v. dialect slang. P2. to cop a plea phr. a. (U.S. slang) to plead guilty, usually as part of a bargain or agreement with the prosecution. ΚΠ 1926 Northeastern Reporter 150 716 When I go to the north side, I may be able to cop a plea. 1929 G. L. Hostetter & T. Q. Beesley It's a Racket! 222 Cop a plea, to plead guilty to a lesser crime than the one originally charged. 1939 R. Chandler Big Sleep xvii. 139 You're going to cop a plea, brother, don't ever think you're not. 1974 Telegraph (Brisbane) 4 June 14/7 Today he did what Americans call copped a plea, in return for pleading guilty to the least serious charge against him, all the other charges of involvement in Watergate and the burglary of Daniel Ellsberg's psychiatrist were dropped. 1994 Denver Post 6 Feb. c2/5 There's Jeff Gillooly, who copped a plea to save his butt. b. (U.S. Black English slang) to avoid telling the truth, be evasive. ΚΠ 1970 C. Major Dict. Afro-Amer. Slang 41 Cop a plea, to be verbally evasive. 1970 J. Cole in A. Chapman New Black Voices (1972) 495 The street life style is the cool world... It is here we see the greatest development of stylized talking, sounding,..copping a plea and whupping game. 1972 J. L. Dillard Black Eng. i. 4 Characteristic ghetto uses of language like..‘coppin' a plea’, and ‘the dozens’, are now fairly familiar. Derivatives ˈcop-out n. a flight, an escape; a cowardly compromise or evasion; a retreat from reality. Also, a person who drops out from society. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > inaction > not doing > abstaining or refraining from action > [noun] > avoiding an action or condition > avoiding duty, work, or exertion > evasion of responsibility, obligation, etc. delusion1606 evasiona1616 elusion1633 cop-out1942 society > society and the community > social relations > lack of social communication or relations > retirement or seclusion > [noun] > person anchorite?1614 solitarian1655 retirer1678 solitaire1716 recluse1751 solitarya1763 hermit1799 troglodyte1854 umbratile1888 cop-out1969 1942 L. V. Berrey & M. Van den Bark Amer. Thes. Slang §498/1 Flight; escape, cop-out. 1967 Boston Sunday Herald 14 May (Suppl.) 2/1 I know it's..convenient for those of us who were not raised by their parents to refer to their childhood as lonely, and blame their adult behavior on that. I think it's self-pity and a cop-out. 1967 Guardian 24 Oct. 6/2 Many of the London hippies are not only ‘drop-outs’ (people who have rejected any form of social or political activism) but ‘cop-outs’—people who equate mind erasure with the dissolution of social problems. 1969 Win 15 May 9/1 Isn't it a cop-out to secede from New York State but remain a part of the nation? Draft additions August 2001 slang. a. transitive. U.S. (now chiefly in African-American usage). To gain the affection or favour of (a person, esp. a woman), to seduce; (also) to have a sexual or romantic encounter with. Also with off. ΚΠ 1899 G. Ade Doc' Horne xviii. 211 He'd give up his coin an' copped the princess. 1912 A. H. Lewis Apaches N.Y. ii. 41 A goil would be a mutt..to stay cocked up at home. An' yet a goil couldn't go chasin' around be her lonesome. Alma..you must cop off another steady. 1925 T. Boyd Points of Honor v. 139 An' boy, did I cop her off! Well, did I! 1935 J. T. Farrell Judgment Day i. i. 5 He might have made girls from all over the country... And if he had, the fellows would..say.., I see where Studs Lonigan copped off a bim whose old man is lousy with dough. 1965 in W. King Black Anthol. 302 It don't take too long to cop Gloria. b. intransitive. British. (a) to cop on (to or with) (now rare): to (seek to) associate with, as a companion. (b) to cop off (with): to (succeed in) becoming acquainted or friendly (esp. amorously); (also) to have a sexual encounter. Cf. to get off 10 at get v. Phrasal verbs 1. ΘΚΠ the world > physical sensation > sexual relations > sexual relationship > have sexual relationship [verb (intransitive)] cop1940 the mind > emotion > love > flirtation or coquetry > flirt, philander, or dally [verb (intransitive)] flicker?c1225 dallyc1440 mird?c1625 pickeer1646 to dally away1685 niggle1696 coquet1700 gallant1744 philander1778 flirt1781 fike1804 gallivant1823 butterfly1893 vamp1904 romance1907 to fool up1933 floss1938 cop1940 horse1953 society > society and the community > social relations > association, fellowship, or companionship > associate with [verb (transitive)] seeOE drawc1275 mella1300 meeta1325 fellow1340 usec1384 conjoinc1386 joinc1390 knitc1400 accompany1461 enfellowship1470 frequent1477 haunt1477 mixa1513 encompanya1533 combinea1535 contract1548 to take with ——1562 associate1581 to have a saying toa1593 cope1594 sort1594 to take in1597 consort1600 herd1606 factionate1611 to keep company (with)a1616 accost1633 solder1641 converse1649 walk1650 consociate1653 coalite1734 to get with ——a1772 forgather1786 unionize1810 to go rounda1867 to mix in1870 cop1940 the mind > emotion > love > flirtation or coquetry > flirt with [verb (transitive)] > become amorously acquainted with to get off1913 cop1940 the mind > emotion > love > friendliness > be friendly [verb (intransitive)] > become friendly > become friendly or intimate to get in with1602 familiarize1622 pal1848 chum1884 buddy1916 cop1940 1940 Notes & Queries 3 Aug. 79/1 Cop on, to associate one's self with, to make overtures with a view to companionship. ‘You needn't try to cop on.’ ‘I saw you copping on to her in the lane.’ Or ‘cop on with.’ Most often it had a slightly derogatory sense. 1986 Q Oct. 96/3 Then he cops off with Alda's girlfriend. 2000 TV Quick (Central Region) 13 May 7/2 She feels so alone when she sees people her own age copping off. c. intransitive. U.S. (chiefly in African-American usage). To engage in sexual or amorous activities of any nature, from kissing to sexual intercourse; to have a sexual encounter. ΚΠ 1965 H. Huncke Huncke's Jrnl. 13 He constantly speaks of the size and shape of everybody's ass and will exclaim in positive terms—‘Man—I got to cop’ each time he sees an ass which especially excites him. 1976 R. E. Chinn Dig Nigger Up 130 For over ten years Leo had tried..to bed Mary without paying for it... ‘I might not cop the next time I see her, but believe me I'm going to cop and I ain't going to pay!’ Draft additions April 2004 to cop a feel: to fondle someone in a sexual manner, esp. furtively. ΚΠ 1935 A. J. Pollock Underworld Speaks 25/2 Cop a feel, a presumptuous man, who will not let his hands behave when with an attractive girl. 1937 M. Levin Old Bunch 46 Boy, I'd like to cop a feel off that little one. 1943 M. Shulman Barefoot Boy 77 ‘Sure you don't want to cop a feel?’ she said suspiciously. 1972 G. Lucas et al. Amer. Graffiti (film script) 14 Couldn't even cop a feel. 1988 J. Ellroy Big Nowhere iv. 39 Danny was grateful she wasn't around to make goo-goo eyes and poke his biceps, copping feels while the watch sergeant chuckled. 2002 Independent (Electronic ed.) 11 June 19 Pretending to be a dear old boy, he gets close enough to the court ladies to cop a feel. Draft additions March 2007 colloquial (chiefly Irish English). to cop on. a. (a) intransitive. Also to cop on to oneself. To start behaving more sensibly or rationally; to take a more realistic attitude. Frequently in imper. Cf. to get a grip on (oneself) at grip n.¹ 2a. ΚΠ 1961 J. B. Keane Many Young Men of Twenty iii. 45 I've been a mouse for thirty years. But this morning I copped on to myself. 1986 T. Murphy Conversat. on Homecoming 72 So cop on. 2001 J. Murphy Kings of Kilburn High Road ii, in Two Plays 47 Would yis ever stop all that shite talk about home an' cop on to yourselves? (b) transitive (reflexive) in the same sense. ΚΠ 1992 USA go Home in soc.culture.celtic (Usenet newsgroup) 7 May Cop yourself on. 2006 Irish Independent (Nexis) 1 May In a properly functioning society, this woman would have been told, simply, to cop herself on and get over it. b. intransitive. To realize or notice what is happening; to catch on to. Cf. to cotton on at cotton v.¹ 8(b). ΚΠ 1989 Real Mal Evans will never stand up in Court in rec.music.beatles (Usenet newsgroup) 6 Nov. A brilliant stroke on his part, and apparantly [sic] nobody copped on to the Sardinia bit! 1990 B. Roche Poor Beast in Rain i. iii. 26 How many times did we knock off this place..before they copped on? 2006 Mirror (Ulster ed.) (Nexis) 19 July 8 Sources in the area revealed the con was uncovered when a cabbie copped on to what was happening. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1893; most recently modified version published online March 2021). copv.⁴ Brit. /kɒp/, U.S. /kɑp/ Etymology: apparently < cop n.²; but compare cap v.¹ 4. dialect. 1. transitive. To top, surpass; to excel, out-do. ΚΠ 1879 in G. F. Jackson Shropshire Word-bk. 2. intransitive. To be saucy. Cf. copped adj. 4b. ΚΠ 1869 in Lanc. Gloss. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1893; most recently modified version published online March 2022). > see also also refers to : † copecopn.⁴ < n.¹c950n.²a1000n.³a1400n.⁴1679n.⁵1859n.⁶1884n.⁷1886v.¹a1552v.²1806v.³1704v.⁴1869 see also
随便看	paisley shawl paisley-pattern paisley-patterned paisleyed paisleyer paisleyest paisleyism paisleyite paisleypattern paisleypatterned paisleys paisleyyer paisleyyest paislier paisliest paitclaith paithment paitung paiute paixhan pajala pajamaed pajamas pajero pajock

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