contourn.

Brit.

/ˈkɒntʊə/,

/ˈkɒntɔː/,

/kənˈtʊə/, U.S.

/ˈkɑnˌtʊ(ə)r/

Etymology: < French contour, < contourner (compare French tour , tourner , and turn n.), in artistic sense = Italian contorno : see contorno n.

1. The outline of any figure:

a. introduced as a term of Painting and Sculpture; spec. the line separating the differently coloured parts of a design.

ΘΚΠ

society > leisure > the arts > visual arts > work of art > [noun] > artistically conceived design > part of

compartment1564

copartiment1590

contour1662

register1937

1662 J. Evelyn Sculptura v. 109 Penning the Contours, and out lines with a more even and acute touch.

1686 W. Aglionby Painting Illustr. (new ed.) Explan. Terms The Contours of a Body, are the Lines that environ it, and make the Superficies of it.

1697 J. Evelyn Numismata vi. 201 A perfect Medal has..the Contours neatly trimm'd..and carefully preserv'd.

1706 Phillips's New World of Words (new ed.) (at cited word) In painting and carving, contours are the outward lines of a picture or figure.

1823 P. Nicholson New Pract. Builder 152 To draw the contour both of the plan and elevation.

1829 W. Scott Anne of Geierstein I. iii. 66 The whole contour of her form..resembled that of Minerva.

1849 J. Ruskin Seven Lamps Archit. vi. 175 The shadows are employed only to make the contours of the features thoroughly felt.

1879 O. N. Rood Mod. Chromatics xviii. 312 Contours consisting of several lines of gold and silver, white and black, are often used to separate colours that do not harmonize particularly well together.

b. Perfection or artistic quality of outline.

ΘΚΠ

society > leisure > the arts > visual arts > work of art > [noun] > qualities of work of art

contorno1759

breadth1770

movement1773

contour1780

rocococity1844

terribilità1877

1780 S. Johnson Let. 1 May (1992) III. 250 The exhibition is eminently splendid, There is contour, and keeping and grace, and expression.

1844 G. P. R. James Agincourt I. 27 That sort of full and graceful sweep in all the lines, which painters and statuaries, I believe call contour.

1855 A. Bain Senses & Intellect ii. i. 441 The sculptor must have a keen sense of contour and form.

c. gen.; especially frequent as applied to the outline of a coast, mountain mass, or other topographical feature.

ΘΚΠ

the world > space > shape > [noun] > contour(s)

lineationa1398

lineament1570

line1590

purfle1601

lineature1630

stroke1638

stell1657

outline1662

profile1664

contour1770

lineamentation1890

galbe1899

the world > the earth > land > landscape > [noun] > landform > outline of

contour1770

1770 Philos. Trans. 1769 (Royal Soc.) 59 498 The symbols have passed from a contour sufficiently regular, to some lines oddly assembled.

1791 ‘T. Newte’ Prospects & Observ. Tour 211 Their streets, or lanes, are crowded and narrow, and their general contour is irregular.

1802 J. Playfair Illustr. Huttonian Theory 101 Its broken and abrupt contour..determined by the action of the sea.

1861 G. F. Chambers Handbk. Descr. Astron. ii. ii. 102 In 1842, Arago saw the dark contour of the Moon.

1878 T. H. Huxley Physiography (ed. 2) 16 The undulating line indicates the general contour of the surface of the country.

d. plural. The curves of the female body. (Cf. quot. 1829 at sense 1a for sense 1a above.)

ΘΚΠ

the world > life > the body > bodily shape or physique > [noun] > female

curve1849

contour1886

rondeurs1923

statistics1958

1886 O. W. Holmes Mortal Antipathy i. 41 All her contours..betrayed a fine muscular development.

1918 J. M. Grider War Birds (1927) 85 He had a hundred and fifty Waacs of all sizes and contours and he was trying to line them up.

1961 J. Anthony About Tunisia iv. 91 I liked painting her firm tawny body whose contours reminded me of the low-lying Tunisian hills.

e. Phonetics. A particular level, or a sequence of varying levels, of pitch, tone, or stress.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > language > linguistics > study of speech sound > speech sound > intonation, pitch, or stress > [noun] > level or sequence of

contour1941

superfix1948

suprafix1949

1941 G. L. Trager in L. Spier et al. Language, Culture, & Personality 133 The second approach views the exponential kinetically, describing the movement in shape of the exponential in terms of changes of intensity; this is the contour.

1941 G. L. Trager in L. Spier et al. Language, Culture, & Personality 133 The basic intensities and contours may be combined in several ways.

1948 K. L. Pike Tone Lang. i. 8 A pure contour tone language is one in which glides are basic to the system, with no level tonemes whatever: each contrastive pitch unit is a glide.

1962 Amer. Speech 37 169 It is normally a lengthened monophthong..except under a terminal contour before an apico-alveolar consonant.

1962 A. Nisbett Technique Sound Studio 264 Phons equal decibels at 1000 c/s, and at other frequencies are related to this scale by contours of equal loudness.

1970 Language 46 265 Its ultimate speech correlates appear in the shape of the tense-carrying morphemes, the word order, and the intonation contour.

†2. Conchology. ‘The spiral that forms the shell, and winds round its columella or axis’. Obsolete.

ΚΠ

1755 Gentleman's Mag. Jan. 31/2 Contour, the Spiral that forms the shell, and winds round its colurnella or axis.

†3. A ‘round’ (of amusements, or the like). Obsolete.

ΚΠ

1784 Denouement 36 Fidgeting about from one demure employment to another forms the whole contour of my sprightly amusements.

Compounds

contour chair n. one that is shaped to fit the form of the body, esp. one designed for the use of an astronaut.

ΘΚΠ

society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabited place > a building > furniture and fittings > seat > chair > [noun] > other chairs

farthingale chair1552

side chair1582

high chair1609

scroll chair1614

Turkey chair1683

curule chair1695

reading chair1745

rush-bottom1754

conversation-chair1793

Windsor tub1800

Trafalgar chair1808

beehive-chair1816

nursing chair1826

Hitchcockc1828

toilet seat1829

kangaroo1834

prie-dieu1838

tub-chair1839

barrel-chair1850

Cromwell chair1868

office chair1874

swivel-chair1885

steamer-chair1886

suggan chair1888

lawn chair1895

saddle seat1895

Bombay chair1896

veranda-chair1902

X chair1904

Yorkshire chair1906

three legs and a swinger1916

saddlebag1919

riempie stool1933

gaspipe chair1934

slipper chair1938

Eames chair1946

contour chair1948

sling-back1948

sling chair1957

booster chair1960

booster seat1967

beanbag1969

sack chair1970

papasan1980

Muskoka chair1987

1948 Spiegel Catal. Fall & Winter 490 Contour chair... Cradles the back and supports the shoulders.

1958 C. C. Adams et al. Space Flight 198 The men are lying all but helpless on their contour chairs.

contour couch n.

ΘΚΠ

society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabited place > a building > furniture and fittings > seat > sofa or couch > [noun] > other sofas or couches

bed-loft1606

Persian bed1654

divana1701

bergère1762

stibadium1840

deacon-seat1851

tuxedo sofa1895

Davenport1897

Chesterfield1900

Madame Récamier1923

Récamier1923

contour couch1952

incliner1978

1952 Time 8 Dec. 70 They could survive by lying on their backs on contour couches, say the space doctors.

1953 ‘S. Ransome’ Drag Dark (1954) iv. 40 A so-called contour couch. I had bought it..because I do my best thinking while relaxed in a reclining position.

1959 N.Y. Times Mag. 11 Oct. 18/1 He..lies there in his ‘contour couch’ and waits out the long countdown.

contour-chasing n. Aeronautics flying close to the ground and following the contours of the landscape.

ΘΚΠ

society > travel > air or space travel > action of flying (in) aircraft > [noun] > close to the ground

low-flying1600

contour-chasinga1918

hedge-hopping1919

a1918 J. T. B. McCudden Five Years in R.F.C. (1919) 18 We got the old Blériot..out and went ‘contour chasing’ over the Plain.

1934 V. M. Yeates Winged Victory 37 No fun in flying comparable with the sport of contour-chasing.

contour feather n. a feather that forms part of the surface and contour of a bird, as distinguished from one which lies closer to the skin and does not appear on the surface.

ΘΚΠ

the world > animals > birds > parts of or bird defined by > [noun] > wing or wings > feather(s) on > other types of

wing-covert1815

under-covert1817

contour feather1867

tectrix1874

marginal1887

predigital1887

1867 W. S. Dallas tr. C. L. Nitzsch Pterylography 16 To these feathered bands I give the name of Feather-tracts or Contour-feather-tracts (pterylæ, Federn-fluren), and to the naked bands, or those which are not beset with contour-feathers, that of featherless spaces (apteria, Federn-raine).

contour hair n. a hair that forms part of the surface and contour of an animal, as distinguished from one which lies closer to the skin and does not appear on the surface.

ΚΠ

1838 Ann. Nat. Hist. 1 134 The contour hairs of the back [of Procyon obscurus] black-brown or chestnut-brown.

contour line n. a line representing the horizontal contour of the earth's surface at a given elevation; the contour line of a mountain at a given height represents the edge of a horizontal plane cutting the mountain at that height; a series of such lines at successive elevations laid down on a map shows the elevations and depressions of the surface.

ΘΚΠ

the world > the earth > earth sciences > geography > map-making > map > [noun] > line on map > contour or form line

contour1840

contour line1844

form-line1935

1844 D. T. Ansted Geol. II. 238 The laying down on the maps a system of what are called contour-lines; by which is meant lines of equal altitude above a certain standard level.

1861 Times 7 Oct. An accurate map of his fields..with contour lines of level by which road-making, drain excavation, etc., may be laid out.

1878 T. H. Huxley Physiography (ed. 2) 14 Where the ground is very steep the contour-lines run close together.

contour map n. a map showing contour lines.

ΘΚΠ

the world > the earth > earth sciences > geography > map-making > map > [noun] > other types of map

mappa mundia1387

mappemondea1393

table1610

Mercator's chart1645

Peutingerian tablea1657

Mercator1694

hemisphere1706

Peutinger1731

road map1741

geological map1798

route map1816

ordnance map1828

outline map1836

contour map1862

index map1869

hypsographical map1881

soil map1898

wheel-map1899

strip map1903

distribution map1947

worm's-eye map1964

topo1970

1862 R. H. Patterson Ess. Hist. & Art 122 Look at the Contour map of Europe in Johnston's Physical Atlas.

contour-plough v. transitive.

ΚΠ

1941 Life 13 Jan. 68/1 They..contour-plowed 600 acres of land.

contour-plough n.

ΚΠ

1941 S. V. Benét in Life 7 July 92/2 People whose contour-plows bring back the grass.

contour ploughing n. the ploughing of land along its contours to minimize soil erosion.

ΘΚΠ

the world > food and drink > farming > cultivation or tillage > breaking up land > ploughing > [noun] > other systems of ploughing

bout1601

round work1741

goring1780

back-furrowing1855

contour ploughing1921

1921 McMurry & Parkins Adv. Geogr. i. viii. 220 Farmland that has gentle slopes should be plowed so that the furrows keep on a level instead of running downhill. Otherwise, the water may..wash the soil away... Such plowing is called contour plowing.

1943 J. S. Huxley TVA 28 The prevention of erosion on arable land by new methods such as contour ploughing.

1969 N. W. Pirie Food Resources ii. 40 The simplest is to clear the land and, by careful contour ploughing and mulching, to try to minimize leaching.

contour cropping n.

ΚΠ

1953 Brit. Commonw. Forestry Terminol. i. 30 Contour cropping, the cultivation of crops in strips along the contour of a slope.

contour furrowing n.

ΚΠ

1937 Farmer's Guide Agric. Res. 1936 (Royal Agric. Soc.) 238 The remedial measures are contour furrowing, [etc.].

contour terracing n. the construction of terraces along the contours of land.

ΘΚΠ

the world > food and drink > farming > cultivation or tillage > [noun] > systems of cultivation

round tilth1723

infield and outfield1733

terrace1796

superculture1835

terrace-cultivation1860

terrace-culture1863

conservation tillage1897

monoculture1901

strip farming1913

polyculture1915

sailab1916

shifting cultivation1922

strip-cultivation1932

shifting agriculture1934

strip-cropping1936

podu1938

contour terracing1939

strip system1954

swiddening1971

monocropping1974

1939 Geogr. Jrnl. 93 136 The more common forms [of soil conservation] include silt pits, contour terracing (or bunding), and contour drains.

1944 J. S. Huxley On Living in Revol. 114 Using contour terracing where there is danger of erosion.

1957 Listener 26 Sept. 468/1 The villager himself has to..put more of it [sc. his money] into wells or contour terracing.

Draft additions 1993

d. A contour line.

ΘΚΠ

the world > the earth > earth sciences > geography > map-making > map > [noun] > line on map > contour or form line

contour1840

contour line1844

form-line1935

1840 E. C. Frome Outl. Method Trigonometr. Surv. v. 56 The system of tracing these horizontal lines at fixed vertical intervals, and drawing between the contours vertical strokes..presents a far more easy method of expressing correctly the actual surface of the ground.

1861 A. W. Drayson Pract. Milit. Surveying & Sketching vi. 68 The contours were ten feet apart in vertical distance.

1923 J. Johnstone Introd. Oceanogr. iii. 46 The contour passes as nearly as possible to all the points where depths of (say) 50 fathoms are marked.

1957 L. T. C. Rolt Isambard Kingdom Brunel viii. 132 Below, skirting the steeper contours, runs the later Bronze Age road.

1984 A. C. Duxbury & A. Duxbury Introd. World's Oceans viii. 260 The depth contours offshore tend to follow the shoreline pattern.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1893; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	contour
释义	contourn. Brit. /ˈkɒntʊə/, /ˈkɒntɔː/, /kənˈtʊə/, U.S. /ˈkɑnˌtʊ(ə)r/ Etymology: < French contour, < contourner (compare French tour , tourner , and turn n.), in artistic sense = Italian contorno : see contorno n. 1. The outline of any figure: a. introduced as a term of Painting and Sculpture; spec. the line separating the differently coloured parts of a design. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > the arts > visual arts > work of art > [noun] > artistically conceived design > part of compartment1564 copartiment1590 contour1662 register1937 1662 J. Evelyn Sculptura v. 109 Penning the Contours, and out lines with a more even and acute touch. 1686 W. Aglionby Painting Illustr. (new ed.) Explan. Terms The Contours of a Body, are the Lines that environ it, and make the Superficies of it. 1697 J. Evelyn Numismata vi. 201 A perfect Medal has..the Contours neatly trimm'd..and carefully preserv'd. 1706 Phillips's New World of Words (new ed.) (at cited word) In painting and carving, contours are the outward lines of a picture or figure. 1823 P. Nicholson New Pract. Builder 152 To draw the contour both of the plan and elevation. 1829 W. Scott Anne of Geierstein I. iii. 66 The whole contour of her form..resembled that of Minerva. 1849 J. Ruskin Seven Lamps Archit. vi. 175 The shadows are employed only to make the contours of the features thoroughly felt. 1879 O. N. Rood Mod. Chromatics xviii. 312 Contours consisting of several lines of gold and silver, white and black, are often used to separate colours that do not harmonize particularly well together. b. Perfection or artistic quality of outline. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > the arts > visual arts > work of art > [noun] > qualities of work of art contorno1759 breadth1770 movement1773 contour1780 rocococity1844 terribilità1877 1780 S. Johnson Let. 1 May (1992) III. 250 The exhibition is eminently splendid, There is contour, and keeping and grace, and expression. 1844 G. P. R. James Agincourt I. 27 That sort of full and graceful sweep in all the lines, which painters and statuaries, I believe call contour. 1855 A. Bain Senses & Intellect ii. i. 441 The sculptor must have a keen sense of contour and form. c. gen.; especially frequent as applied to the outline of a coast, mountain mass, or other topographical feature. ΘΚΠ the world > space > shape > [noun] > contour(s) lineationa1398 lineament1570 line1590 purfle1601 lineature1630 stroke1638 stell1657 outline1662 profile1664 contour1770 lineamentation1890 galbe1899 the world > the earth > land > landscape > [noun] > landform > outline of contour1770 1770 Philos. Trans. 1769 (Royal Soc.) 59 498 The symbols have passed from a contour sufficiently regular, to some lines oddly assembled. 1791 ‘T. Newte’ Prospects & Observ. Tour 211 Their streets, or lanes, are crowded and narrow, and their general contour is irregular. 1802 J. Playfair Illustr. Huttonian Theory 101 Its broken and abrupt contour..determined by the action of the sea. 1861 G. F. Chambers Handbk. Descr. Astron. ii. ii. 102 In 1842, Arago saw the dark contour of the Moon. 1878 T. H. Huxley Physiography (ed. 2) 16 The undulating line indicates the general contour of the surface of the country. d. plural. The curves of the female body. (Cf. quot. 1829 at sense 1a for sense 1a above.) ΘΚΠ the world > life > the body > bodily shape or physique > [noun] > female curve1849 contour1886 rondeurs1923 statistics1958 1886 O. W. Holmes Mortal Antipathy i. 41 All her contours..betrayed a fine muscular development. 1918 J. M. Grider War Birds (1927) 85 He had a hundred and fifty Waacs of all sizes and contours and he was trying to line them up. 1961 J. Anthony About Tunisia iv. 91 I liked painting her firm tawny body whose contours reminded me of the low-lying Tunisian hills. e. Phonetics. A particular level, or a sequence of varying levels, of pitch, tone, or stress. ΘΚΠ the mind > language > linguistics > study of speech sound > speech sound > intonation, pitch, or stress > [noun] > level or sequence of contour1941 superfix1948 suprafix1949 1941 G. L. Trager in L. Spier et al. Language, Culture, & Personality 133 The second approach views the exponential kinetically, describing the movement in shape of the exponential in terms of changes of intensity; this is the contour. 1941 G. L. Trager in L. Spier et al. Language, Culture, & Personality 133 The basic intensities and contours may be combined in several ways. 1948 K. L. Pike Tone Lang. i. 8 A pure contour tone language is one in which glides are basic to the system, with no level tonemes whatever: each contrastive pitch unit is a glide. 1962 Amer. Speech 37 169 It is normally a lengthened monophthong..except under a terminal contour before an apico-alveolar consonant. 1962 A. Nisbett Technique Sound Studio 264 Phons equal decibels at 1000 c/s, and at other frequencies are related to this scale by contours of equal loudness. 1970 Language 46 265 Its ultimate speech correlates appear in the shape of the tense-carrying morphemes, the word order, and the intonation contour. †2. Conchology. ‘The spiral that forms the shell, and winds round its columella or axis’. Obsolete. ΚΠ 1755 Gentleman's Mag. Jan. 31/2 Contour, the Spiral that forms the shell, and winds round its colurnella or axis. †3. A ‘round’ (of amusements, or the like). Obsolete. ΚΠ 1784 Denouement 36 Fidgeting about from one demure employment to another forms the whole contour of my sprightly amusements. Compounds contour chair n. one that is shaped to fit the form of the body, esp. one designed for the use of an astronaut. ΘΚΠ society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabited place > a building > furniture and fittings > seat > chair > [noun] > other chairs farthingale chair1552 side chair1582 high chair1609 scroll chair1614 Turkey chair1683 curule chair1695 reading chair1745 rush-bottom1754 conversation-chair1793 Windsor tub1800 Trafalgar chair1808 beehive-chair1816 nursing chair1826 Hitchcockc1828 toilet seat1829 kangaroo1834 prie-dieu1838 tub-chair1839 barrel-chair1850 Cromwell chair1868 office chair1874 swivel-chair1885 steamer-chair1886 suggan chair1888 lawn chair1895 saddle seat1895 Bombay chair1896 veranda-chair1902 X chair1904 Yorkshire chair1906 three legs and a swinger1916 saddlebag1919 riempie stool1933 gaspipe chair1934 slipper chair1938 Eames chair1946 contour chair1948 sling-back1948 sling chair1957 booster chair1960 booster seat1967 beanbag1969 sack chair1970 papasan1980 Muskoka chair1987 1948 Spiegel Catal. Fall & Winter 490 Contour chair... Cradles the back and supports the shoulders. 1958 C. C. Adams et al. Space Flight 198 The men are lying all but helpless on their contour chairs. contour couch n. ΘΚΠ society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabited place > a building > furniture and fittings > seat > sofa or couch > [noun] > other sofas or couches bed-loft1606 Persian bed1654 divana1701 bergère1762 stibadium1840 deacon-seat1851 tuxedo sofa1895 Davenport1897 Chesterfield1900 Madame Récamier1923 Récamier1923 contour couch1952 incliner1978 1952 Time 8 Dec. 70 They could survive by lying on their backs on contour couches, say the space doctors. 1953 ‘S. Ransome’ Drag Dark (1954) iv. 40 A so-called contour couch. I had bought it..because I do my best thinking while relaxed in a reclining position. 1959 N.Y. Times Mag. 11 Oct. 18/1 He..lies there in his ‘contour couch’ and waits out the long countdown. contour-chasing n. Aeronautics flying close to the ground and following the contours of the landscape. ΘΚΠ society > travel > air or space travel > action of flying (in) aircraft > [noun] > close to the ground low-flying1600 contour-chasinga1918 hedge-hopping1919 a1918 J. T. B. McCudden Five Years in R.F.C. (1919) 18 We got the old Blériot..out and went ‘contour chasing’ over the Plain. 1934 V. M. Yeates Winged Victory 37 No fun in flying comparable with the sport of contour-chasing. contour feather n. a feather that forms part of the surface and contour of a bird, as distinguished from one which lies closer to the skin and does not appear on the surface. ΘΚΠ the world > animals > birds > parts of or bird defined by > [noun] > wing or wings > feather(s) on > other types of wing-covert1815 under-covert1817 contour feather1867 tectrix1874 marginal1887 predigital1887 1867 W. S. Dallas tr. C. L. Nitzsch Pterylography 16 To these feathered bands I give the name of Feather-tracts or Contour-feather-tracts (pterylæ, Federn-fluren), and to the naked bands, or those which are not beset with contour-feathers, that of featherless spaces (apteria, Federn-raine). contour hair n. a hair that forms part of the surface and contour of an animal, as distinguished from one which lies closer to the skin and does not appear on the surface. ΚΠ 1838 Ann. Nat. Hist. 1 134 The contour hairs of the back [of Procyon obscurus] black-brown or chestnut-brown. contour line n. a line representing the horizontal contour of the earth's surface at a given elevation; the contour line of a mountain at a given height represents the edge of a horizontal plane cutting the mountain at that height; a series of such lines at successive elevations laid down on a map shows the elevations and depressions of the surface. ΘΚΠ the world > the earth > earth sciences > geography > map-making > map > [noun] > line on map > contour or form line contour1840 contour line1844 form-line1935 1844 D. T. Ansted Geol. II. 238 The laying down on the maps a system of what are called contour-lines; by which is meant lines of equal altitude above a certain standard level. 1861 Times 7 Oct. An accurate map of his fields..with contour lines of level by which road-making, drain excavation, etc., may be laid out. 1878 T. H. Huxley Physiography (ed. 2) 14 Where the ground is very steep the contour-lines run close together. contour map n. a map showing contour lines. ΘΚΠ the world > the earth > earth sciences > geography > map-making > map > [noun] > other types of map mappa mundia1387 mappemondea1393 table1610 Mercator's chart1645 Peutingerian tablea1657 Mercator1694 hemisphere1706 Peutinger1731 road map1741 geological map1798 route map1816 ordnance map1828 outline map1836 contour map1862 index map1869 hypsographical map1881 soil map1898 wheel-map1899 strip map1903 distribution map1947 worm's-eye map1964 topo1970 1862 R. H. Patterson Ess. Hist. & Art 122 Look at the Contour map of Europe in Johnston's Physical Atlas. contour-plough v. transitive. ΚΠ 1941 Life 13 Jan. 68/1 They..contour-plowed 600 acres of land. contour-plough n. ΚΠ 1941 S. V. Benét in Life 7 July 92/2 People whose contour-plows bring back the grass. contour ploughing n. the ploughing of land along its contours to minimize soil erosion. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > farming > cultivation or tillage > breaking up land > ploughing > [noun] > other systems of ploughing bout1601 round work1741 goring1780 back-furrowing1855 contour ploughing1921 1921 McMurry & Parkins Adv. Geogr. i. viii. 220 Farmland that has gentle slopes should be plowed so that the furrows keep on a level instead of running downhill. Otherwise, the water may..wash the soil away... Such plowing is called contour plowing. 1943 J. S. Huxley TVA 28 The prevention of erosion on arable land by new methods such as contour ploughing. 1969 N. W. Pirie Food Resources ii. 40 The simplest is to clear the land and, by careful contour ploughing and mulching, to try to minimize leaching. contour cropping n. ΚΠ 1953 Brit. Commonw. Forestry Terminol. i. 30 Contour cropping, the cultivation of crops in strips along the contour of a slope. contour furrowing n. ΚΠ 1937 Farmer's Guide Agric. Res. 1936 (Royal Agric. Soc.) 238 The remedial measures are contour furrowing, [etc.]. contour terracing n. the construction of terraces along the contours of land. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > farming > cultivation or tillage > [noun] > systems of cultivation round tilth1723 infield and outfield1733 terrace1796 superculture1835 terrace-cultivation1860 terrace-culture1863 conservation tillage1897 monoculture1901 strip farming1913 polyculture1915 sailab1916 shifting cultivation1922 strip-cultivation1932 shifting agriculture1934 strip-cropping1936 podu1938 contour terracing1939 strip system1954 swiddening1971 monocropping1974 1939 Geogr. Jrnl. 93 136 The more common forms [of soil conservation] include silt pits, contour terracing (or bunding), and contour drains. 1944 J. S. Huxley On Living in Revol. 114 Using contour terracing where there is danger of erosion. 1957 Listener 26 Sept. 468/1 The villager himself has to..put more of it [sc. his money] into wells or contour terracing. Draft additions 1993 d. A contour line. ΘΚΠ the world > the earth > earth sciences > geography > map-making > map > [noun] > line on map > contour or form line contour1840 contour line1844 form-line1935 1840 E. C. Frome Outl. Method Trigonometr. Surv. v. 56 The system of tracing these horizontal lines at fixed vertical intervals, and drawing between the contours vertical strokes..presents a far more easy method of expressing correctly the actual surface of the ground. 1861 A. W. Drayson Pract. Milit. Surveying & Sketching vi. 68 The contours were ten feet apart in vertical distance. 1923 J. Johnstone Introd. Oceanogr. iii. 46 The contour passes as nearly as possible to all the points where depths of (say) 50 fathoms are marked. 1957 L. T. C. Rolt Isambard Kingdom Brunel viii. 132 Below, skirting the steeper contours, runs the later Bronze Age road. 1984 A. C. Duxbury & A. Duxbury Introd. World's Oceans viii. 260 The depth contours offshore tend to follow the shoreline pattern. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1893; most recently modified version published online March 2022). contourv. Brit. /ˈkɒntʊə/, /ˈkɒntɔː/, /kənˈtʊə/, U.S. /ˈkɑnˌtʊ(ə)r/ Etymology: < contour n. 1. transitive. To mark or furnish with contour lines. 2. To carry (a road, etc.) round the contour of a hill. ΘΚΠ society > travel > means of travel > route or way > way, path, or track > road > [verb (transitive)] > carry road round a hill contour1871 1871 [see contouring n. at Derivatives]. 1890 H. S. Hallett 1000 Miles 431 The cart-road to Maymyo, a place 24 miles to the east of Mandalay, has had to be contoured to 44 miles, and ascends in this distance 3300 feet. 3. To follow the contour of. ΘΚΠ society > travel > aspects of travel > travel in specific course or direction > direct (one's course, steps, etc.) [verb (transitive)] > follow the contours of contour1924 1924 G. H. L. Mallory in E. F. Norton et al. Fight for Everest 1924 (1925) 209 Contouring the hill until we could drop into this valley 6 miles below the bungalow. 1967 Oceanogr. & Marine Biol. 5 61 A part of the current therefore contours the north of New Zealand. Derivatives conˈtouring n. also attributive. ΚΠ 1871 R. A. Proctor Light Sci. 280 In true contouring regular horizontal lines..are traced over a country. 1879 C. C. King in Cassell Techn. Educ. IV. 92/2 For contouring it is simply necessary to keep the plummet vertical through the zero point. 1890 Catalogue of Scientif. Instrum. Contouring Glass or Hand Level for direct vision. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1893; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.1662v.1871
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contourn.

Compounds

Draft additions 1993

contourv.

Derivatives