contrafactiveadj.n.

Brit.

/ˈkɒntrəfaktɪv/, U.S.

/ˈkɑntrəˌfæktɪv/

Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: contra- prefix, factive adj.¹

Etymology: < contra- prefix + factive adj.¹

Linguistics.

A. adj.

Of a verb: assigning to its object (usually a clause) the status of not being true. Also: designating or relating to a predicate that follows a verb of this type. Cf. factive adj.²Examples of factive verbs are know, regret, resent. In contrast believe is a non-factive verb and pretend a contrafactive one.

ΚΠ

1979 J. Haviland in R. M. W. Dixon & B. J. Blake Handbk. Austral. Langs. I. p. xvi Contrafactive (verb inflection).

1985 M. Noonan in T. Shopen Lang. Typology & Syntactic Descr. II. ii. 122 The contrafactive interpretation of wish-class predicates has its counterpart in the morphology of the verb complex.

1988 F. Bowers in J. D. Benson & W. S. Greaves Systemic Functional Approaches to Disc. xiii. 280 However, easy predicates are clearly factive or contrafactive and never nonfactive.

2006 K. Fløttum et al. Acad. Voices vi. 234 Contra-factive verbs..commit the speaker to the falsity of the expressed proposition.

B. n.

A contrafactive verb or predicate.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > language > linguistics > study of grammar > a part of speech > verb > [noun] > other specific types of verb

vocative verbc1414

activec1450

passivec1450

substantive verba1475

neuter1530

gesture1612

nominal1666

quiescent1720

reduplicative1756

dative verb1844

factitive1845

preterite-present1859

compound verb1863

pro-verb1868

preterito-presentia1870

preteritive present1872

action verb1877

verbid1914

inversive1931

eventive1946

hypothetical1957

non-factive1970

commonization1973

contrafactive1985

1985 M. Noonan in T. Shopen Lang. Typology & Syntactic Descr. II. ii. 95 Contrafactives like pretend pose special problems.

1997 A. Goatly Lang. Metaphors vi. 194 Contrafactives are the most extreme in their effects, at least reducing if not killing the metaphors, turning the utterances into literal comparisons.

2009 K. Allan Conc. Encycl. Semantics 779/1 Verbs such as wish or imagine are sometimes said to belong to a third category, called counterfactives (or contrafactives).

This is a new entry (OED Third Edition, September 2014; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	contrafactive
释义	contrafactiveadj.n. Brit. /ˈkɒntrəfaktɪv/, U.S. /ˈkɑntrəˌfæktɪv/ Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: contra- prefix, factive adj.¹ Etymology: < contra- prefix + factive adj.¹ Linguistics. A. adj. Of a verb: assigning to its object (usually a clause) the status of not being true. Also: designating or relating to a predicate that follows a verb of this type. Cf. factive adj.²Examples of factive verbs are know, regret, resent. In contrast believe is a non-factive verb and pretend a contrafactive one. ΚΠ 1979 J. Haviland in R. M. W. Dixon & B. J. Blake Handbk. Austral. Langs. I. p. xvi Contrafactive (verb inflection). 1985 M. Noonan in T. Shopen Lang. Typology & Syntactic Descr. II. ii. 122 The contrafactive interpretation of wish-class predicates has its counterpart in the morphology of the verb complex. 1988 F. Bowers in J. D. Benson & W. S. Greaves Systemic Functional Approaches to Disc. xiii. 280 However, easy predicates are clearly factive or contrafactive and never nonfactive. 2006 K. Fløttum et al. Acad. Voices vi. 234 Contra-factive verbs..commit the speaker to the falsity of the expressed proposition. B. n. A contrafactive verb or predicate. ΘΚΠ the mind > language > linguistics > study of grammar > a part of speech > verb > [noun] > other specific types of verb vocative verbc1414 activec1450 passivec1450 substantive verba1475 neuter1530 gesture1612 nominal1666 quiescent1720 reduplicative1756 dative verb1844 factitive1845 preterite-present1859 compound verb1863 pro-verb1868 preterito-presentia1870 preteritive present1872 action verb1877 verbid1914 inversive1931 eventive1946 hypothetical1957 non-factive1970 commonization1973 contrafactive1985 1985 M. Noonan in T. Shopen Lang. Typology & Syntactic Descr. II. ii. 95 Contrafactives like pretend pose special problems. 1997 A. Goatly Lang. Metaphors vi. 194 Contrafactives are the most extreme in their effects, at least reducing if not killing the metaphors, turning the utterances into literal comparisons. 2009 K. Allan Conc. Encycl. Semantics 779/1 Verbs such as wish or imagine are sometimes said to belong to a third category, called counterfactives (or contrafactives). This is a new entry (OED Third Edition, September 2014; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < adj.n.1979
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