commutativeadj.
/kəˈmjuːtətɪv/, /ˈkɒmjᵿtətɪv/, /ˈkɒmjᵿteɪtɪv/, /ˈkɒmjuːteɪtɪv/, U.S. /ˈkɑmjəˌteɪdɪv/, /kəˈmjudədɪv/ 1.
a. Pertaining to exchange or mutual dealings. commutative contract, a contract (e.g. a sale) in which each of the contracting parties gives and receives an equivalent.
ΘΚΠ
the world > time > change > exchange > [adjective]
chopping and changing1548
commutative1612
permutative1681
commutatorial1853
permutatorial1853
permutatory1855
1612 T. Taylor Αρχὴν Ἁπάντων: Comm. Epist. Paul to Titus i. 8 Obseruing equality both in contracts and exchanges, which we call commutative.
1615 G. Webbe Pract. Quietnes 100 Actions Commutatiue consist in mutuall trafficke and dealings betweene man and man.
1856 Bouvier's Law Dict. U.S.A. (ed. 6) I. 254
b. commutative justice n. = Latin commutativa justitia, a term used by Aquinas and others as equivalent to Aristotle's τὸ ἐν τοῖς συναλλάγμασι διορθωτικὸν δίκαιον, i.e. ‘the justice which is corrective in transactions between man and man’. [ < commutatio, which in the old Latin version of Aristotle's Ethics (c1250) is put to represent the Greek συνάλλαγμα.]
ΘΚΠ
the mind > mental capacity > philosophy > scholasticism > [noun] > the virtues
magnanimity1340
magnificence1340
commutative justice1531
distributive justice1531
society > morality > rightness or justice > [noun] > maintenance of right by reward or punishment > specific
communicative justicea1513
commutative justice1531
corrective justice1531
distributive justice1531
retributive justice1619
expletive justice1652
expletory justice1654
poetical justice1678
poetic justice1691
retributivism1954
the mind > mental capacity > philosophy > ancient Greek philosophy > post-Socratic philosophy > [noun] > Aristotelianism > elements of > elements of Aristotelian ethics
magnificence1340
commutative justice1531
corrective justice1531
distributive justice1531
magnanimity1598
megalopsychia1962
1531 T. Elyot Bk. named Gouernour iii. i. sig. Xviiv Justice..is..described in two kyndes or spices: the one is named iustyce distributiue..the other is called commutatiue or by exchaunge. And of Aristotell it is named in Greeke Diorthotice, whiche is in englysshe correctiue.
1557 R. Record Whetstone of Witte sig. Biv In Lawe twoe kyndes of Iustice are the somme of the studie: Iustice Distributive, and Iustice Commutative.
1605 F. Bacon Of Aduancem. Learning ii. sig. Ff1v Is there not a true coincidence betweene commutatiue and distributiue Iustice, and Arithmeticall and Geometricall proportion? View more context for this quotation
1629 A. Symmer Spirituall Posie ii. v. 38 Commutative Iustice is that Common Equity, which should be practised in our civill Commerce.
1651 T. Hobbes Leviathan i. xv. 75 Commutative Justice, is the Justice of a Contractor; that is, a Performance of Covenant.
a1652 J. Smith Select Disc. (1660) vii. vi. 341 We must not think to deal with God in the Method of Commutative Justice, and to challenge Eternal life as the just Reward of our great Merits.
1758 Ld. Mansfield in Burrows Rep. I. 492 Upon the foot of commutative justice merely, there is no colour why the insurers should not pay the insured the whole, for they have received a premium for the whole risk.
1890 J. Martineau Seat Authority Relig. ii. i. 159 A rule which made all banking business a breach of ‘commutative justice’.
2. Relating to or involving substitution or interchange; as the commutative principle in arithmetic and algebra, i.e. the principle by which the order of terms or factors may be altered.
ΘΚΠ
the world > time > change > alternation > [adjective] > alternating
interchangeable1561
interchanginga1586
vicissitudinary1624
alternanta1638
reciprocalc1645
alternating1653
up and down1812
intercurrent1842
commutative1844
the world > time > change > exchange > [adjective] > performed by
anagrammatical1678
commutative1844
the world > time > change > exchange > substitution > [adjective]
substitutional1721
substitutionary1772
commutative1844
the world > relative properties > number > arithmetic or algebraic operations > transformation > [noun] > principle or rule in
commutative principle1876
commutation rule1935
1844 Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 134 225 The commutative law, whose expression is πρu = ρπu.
1857 B. Price Treat. Infinitesimal Calculus (ed. 2) I. xix. 601 If the two operations indicated by ϕ and ψ are performed successively on u, one on the back of the other, let us assume the result to be the same whatever is the order in which they are performed: two such symbols of operation are said to be commutative, and to satisfy the law of commutation.
1876 T. Hill True Order Stud. 42 The commutative principle of arithmetic may be shown by dividing six into three twos, etc.
1964 E. Bach Introd. Transformational Gram. vii. 159 Ordinary arithmetical multiplication and addition form groups of a special character called commutative (or Abelian) groups, since they obey the commutative law.
1965 E. M. Patterson & D. E. Rutherford Elem. Abstr. Algebra iii. 76 A ring in which multiplication is commutative is called a commutative ring.
3. spec. Relating to or involving the commutation of a payment or penalty.
ΘΚΠ
society > authority > punishment > fine > [adjective] > that can be commuted for money > relating to commutation of payment or penalty
commutative1836
society > law > administration of justice > court proceedings or procedure > judging > sentencing > [adjective] > involving commutation of penalty
commutative1836
1836 J. Gilbert Christian Atonem. ii. 44 Exceptions..founded on a commutative arrangement.
1854 H. H. Milman Hist. Lat. Christianity I. iii. v. 386 Where every injury or crime had its commutative fine.
1871 T. J. Crawford Atonem. (1883) ii. 21 Ἀντίλυτρον..conveys more strongly the commutative sense than the simple word λύτρον.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1891; most recently modified version published online March 2022).
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adj.1531