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单词 common gavel
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common gavel
1. Chiefly Freemasonry. (a) Sometimes more fully common gavel. A type of stonemason's hammer, originally used to shape stone by breaking off the corners. Chiefly in symbolic (esp. Masonic) contexts. (b) A stylized version of this, as used by the master or warden of a Masonic lodge (and also by similar officials in other organizations, such as the Independent Order of Odd Fellows) as a symbol of authority, esp. to mark particular formal points during meetings.The exact form of the original tool has been a matter of debate, complicated by its being treated as synonymous with setting maul (cf. maul n.1 1a) in many early sources. Among Freemasons the gavel has been understood as symbolizing the refining of a person's character by removing vice and excess, and it and the twenty-four-inch gauge have traditionally been the symbolic tools of an apprentice mason. In modern Freemasonry the commonest form of the gavel is that of a wooden hammer with one square flat head and one pointed head.
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1760 Three Distinct Knocks 24 Ans. I was set down by the Master's Right-hand and he shew'd me the working Tools of an enter'd Apprentice. Mas. What were they? Ans. The 24 Inch Gauge, the Square and common Gavel, or setting Maul... The Square to square my Work, the 24 Inch Gauge to measure my Work, the common Gavel to knock off all superfluous Matters, whereby the Square may set easy and just.
1802 T. S. Webb Freemason's Monitor I. viii. 38 The common gavel is an instrument made use of by operative masons, to break off the corners of rough stones, the better to fit them for the builder's use.
1826 W. Morgan Illustr. Masonry 13 The Master..gives a rap with the common gavel or mallet, which calls up both Deacons.
1829 Daily National Intelligencer (Washington) 1 June The Grand Master laid the stone in its bed, with all the customary ceremonies of his ancient institution, which were rendered the more interesting from the fact that the gavel, or mallet, which he made use of was the same used by General Washington in laying the corner stone of the Capitol.
1875 Michigan Freemason Nov. 10 The hammer of a president, chairman, or moderator, is an instrument altogether different from the Masonic gavel.
1905 Rep. Proc. 13th Ann. Convention Internat. Railroad Master Blacksmiths' Assoc. 138 For cutting extra hard spots, a rough tool like a stone mason's gavel is used.
2014 J. Tibbott Members Only 54 The Master of a lodge uses a gavel to keep order to the proceedings.
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