cloutn.¹

Brit.

/klaʊt/, U.S.

/klaʊt/

Forms: Old English clút, Middle English clut(e, Middle English– clout. (Also Middle English northern clotes, Middle English–1600s clowt(e, cloute, Middle English–1500s clought, ? clot(t (in compounds), 1500s clutte.)

Etymology: Old English clút ; compare 14th cent. Icelandic klútr ‘a kerchief’ (? not native), Swedish klut , Norwegian and Danish klud clout, rag, tatter, shred. Irish clud , cluid , Gaelic clud , Welsh clwt are all from English (Rhŷs). The Old English points to an Old Germanic *klûto-z , pre-Germanic type *glūˈdo-s from same root as clot n., cleat n. ( < *gluˈdom , *ˈglaudom ). The original sense would therefore be something like ‘lump, piece of stuff’; from an early period the word has been applied especially to a patch or piece of cloth, and so to a cloth (cloth n. 1 – 3) in a somewhat depreciatory sense. But sense 2 retains some of the original wider meaning, and relationship with cleat n. It has been doubted whether sense 7 belongs to this word, though a parallel development of sense is found under clod n.

I. gen. Piece, patch, flat piece, shred.

1. A piece of cloth, leather, metal, etc., set on to mend anything; a patch. archaic and dialect.

ΘΚΠ

society > occupation and work > materials > types of material generally > [noun] > patch of material for mending

clouta700

patcha1382

piece?c1430

speckc1440

piece-patch1880

the world > action or operation > amending > restoration > [noun] > restoring something lost or damaged > in a makeshift manner > that which

clouta700

a700 Epinal Gloss. 789 Pittacium, clut.

c1380 J. Wyclif Sel. Wks. III. 350 Aȝens Cristis sentence, þei sewen an old cloute in newe cloiþ.

c1440 Promptorium Parvulorum 84 Clowte of clothe, scrutum.

c1440 Promptorium Parvulorum 84 Clowte of a schoo, pictasium.

1563 T. Sackville in W. Baldwin et al. Myrrour for Magistrates (new ed.) xxxvii Cloutes and patches pieced one by one.

1570 P. Levens Manipulus Vocabulorum sig. Siv/2 Y^e Clout set on a garment, or on a shoe, cento.

1719 in T. D'Urfey Wit & Mirth III. 249 Out of the side you may cut a Clout, To mend your Shoe when worn out.

2. A plate of iron: esp. (in more recent use) one fixed on some part of a plough, on an axle-tree, or on a shoe, to prevent wear. [Compare cleat n. 4] Obsolete exc. dialect.

ΘΚΠ

society > occupation and work > materials > derived or manufactured material > metal > iron > [noun] > pieces of other form

clouta1000

share mould1568

sole1729

butt1831

shape1845

the world > space > shape > condition of being broad in relation to thickness > [noun] > object > of metal

clout1483

platen?1541

the world > food and drink > farming > tools and implements > ploughing equipment > [noun] > plough > mouldboard > parts of

mouldbred clout1348

mouldboard clout1394

cloutc1485

breast1652

shiver1652

wrest1652

plough breast1799

society > travel > means of travel > a conveyance > vehicle > cart, carriage, or wagon > cart or wagon for conveying goods > [noun] > parts of > covering for axle-tree

cart-clout1446

wain-clout1454

cloutc1485

society > occupation and work > equipment > machine > parts of machines > wheel > [noun] > parts of wheels > axle > other parts of

clout?1523

colletc1530

stud1683

pole1730

wreath1733

virtival1794

thrust screw1858

toe-step1888

the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > types or styles of clothing > footwear > parts of footwear > [noun] > protective studs or plates

clouta1825

calkin1827

spelt1875

seg1958

a1000 Homilies in B. Thorpe Anc. Laws Eng. I. 424 (Bosw.) Isenan clutas hate glowende.

1483 Cath. Angl. 69 A Clowte of yrne, crusta ferrea; vbi plate.

c1485 Inventory in J. T. Fowler Acts Church SS. Peter & Wilfrid, Ripon (1875) 373 ij wayneclowtes & ij plogh clowtes.

?1523 J. Fitzherbert Bk. Husbandry f. iiii An axyltre clout with eight wayne cloutes of yron.

1573 T. Tusser Fiue Hundreth Points Good Husbandry (new ed.) f. 15 Two plows..with ground clouts, & side clouts, for soile y^t so tares.

1594 R. Carew tr. T. Tasso Godfrey of Bulloigne i. 34 Who yron wont to plowes and clots t' apply.

1714 tr. French Bk. of Rates 76 Nails, Clouts, and other small Iron-Work, per 100 weight 00 12.

a1825 R. Forby Vocab. E. Anglia (1830) Clout, an iron plate on a shoe = Cleat.

1866 J. E. T. Rogers Hist. Agric. & Prices I. xxi. 546 Clouts were thin and flat pieces of iron used to strengthen the box of the wheel.

†3. A small piece or shred produced by tearing or rending; in later use chiefly a shred of cloth, a rag (as in 4). Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > relative properties > wholeness > incompleteness > part of whole > [noun] > a separate part > a fragment > torn off

cloutc1325

rug?a1505

avulsion1678

scrid1815

rending1859

tearing1891

c1325 Early Eng. Allit. Poems (1864) l. 367 Mony clustered clowde clef alle in clowtez, To-rent vch a rayn-ryfte.

c1380 Sir Ferumbras (1879) l. 4533 Al is hod [he] to-taar to cloute.

c1386 G. Chaucer Merchant's Tale 709 Sche rent it al to cloutes.

c1400 (?c1380) Cleanness (1920) l. 965 Clouen alle in lyttel cloutes þe clyffez.

1600 T. Dekker Shomakers Holiday sig. I^v Touch not a ragge, least I and my brethren beate you to clowtes.

a1625 J. Fletcher Women Pleas'd v. i, in F. Beaumont & J. Fletcher Comedies & Trag. (1647) sig. Ffffff^v/2 All his Louts Beat (as the Proverb seemly sayes) to clouts.

II. spec. Piece of cloth, a cloth.

a. A piece of cloth (esp. a small or worthless piece, a ‘rag’); a cloth (esp. one put to mean uses, e.g. a dish-clout). archaic and dialect.

ΘΚΠ

the world > textiles and clothing > textiles > textile fabric or an article of textile fabric > textile fabric > [noun] > piece of > rag > a rag

clout?c1225

rata1250

ragc1390

shrag?a1400

tatter-wagc1400

tatter1402

jag1555

libbet1627

tatter-wallop1808

tat1839

tag1840

trollopa1843

fent1844

raggle1888

lappie1892

?c1225 (?a1200) Ancrene Riwle (Cleo. C.vi) (1972) 158 Þe deoflen schulen pleiȝen wið him..& dusten as an pilche clut.

c1275 Death 68 in Old Eng. Misc. 172 Me nimeð þe licome and preoneð in a clut.

c1400 Mandeville's Trav. xviii. 196 Þei gon all naked saf a lityll clout þat þei coueren with..hire membres.

1484 W. Caxton tr. G. de la Tour-Landry Bk. Knight of Tower (1971) lxxii. 103 The clowte of the kechyn wherwith men wype dysshes and platers.

1531 T. Elyot Bk. named Gouernour i. xxiii. sig. Lv^v The good husbande..settethe vp cloughtes..to feare away birdes.

1546 J. Heywood Dialogue Prouerbes Eng. Tongue ii. ix. sig. Lii Ye can geue me your blessyng in a clout.

1590 R. Greene Neuer too Late ii. sig. G4^v Marrie her (my sonne) and thou shalt haue my benizon in a clowte.

1590 R. Greene Neuer too Late ii. sig. K^v If you match with mee, olde Callena my mother hath that in a clowte that will doo vs both good.

1591 G. Fletcher Of Russe Common Wealth xxi. f. 89^v They vse to go starke naked, saue a clout about their middle.

1611 Bible (King James) Jer. xxxviii. 12.

1647 J. Howell New Vol. of Lett. 72 Money is welcome, though it be in a dirty Clout.

1762 L. Sterne Life Tristram Shandy V. vii. 49 Driven, like turkeys to market, with a stick and a red clout.

1887 H. Caine Son of Hagar ii. xvi A pair of kid gloves that sat on his great hands like a clout on a pitch-fork.

b. Applied contemptuously to any article of clothing; in plural clothes. (Cf. rag n.² 1c.) Still dialect and in proverb ne'er cast a clout till May be out (and variants).

ΘΚΠ

the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > [noun] > garment or article of

raileOE

i-wedeOE

reafOE

shroudc1000

weedOE

back-cloth?c1225

hatter?c1225

clouta1300

coverturec1300

garment1340

vesturec1384

clothc1385

vestmentc1386

jeryne?a1400

clothinga1425

gilla1438

raiment1440

haterella1450

vestimenta1500

indumenta1513

paitclaith1550

casceis1578

attire1587

amice1600

implements1601

cladment1647

enduement1650

vest1655

body garment1688

wearable1711

sledo1719

rag1855

number1894

opaque1903

daytimer1936

a1300 Seven Sins 49 in Early Eng. Poems & Lives Saints (1862) 20 If he hauiþ an old clute he mai be swiþe prute, whar mid i-helid he sal be.

c1485 Early Eng. Misc. (Warton Club) 56 He had not left an holle clowt, Wherwith to hyde hys body abowte.

1563 2nd Tome Homelyes Excess of Apparel, in J. Griffiths Two Bks. Homilies (1859) ii. 311 The poor labouring man..with a few beggarly clouts about him.

1569 R. Grafton Chron. II. 458 The..Peysauntes spoyled the deade Carcasses, leauing them neyther shyrt nor clowte. Old Proverb, Till May be out Ne'er cast a clout.

1732 T. Fuller Gnomologia 276 Leave not off a Clout Till May be out.

1877 F. Ross et al. Gloss. Words Holderness Female attire is denominated cloots occasionally, as, ‘get thy cloots on’.

1948 R. Graves White Goddess x A custom referred to in the proverb ‘Ne'er cast a clout ere May be out’, meaning ‘do not put on new clothes until the unlucky month is over’.

1970 N. Streatfeild Thursday's Child xxv I still wear four petticoats... Ne'er cast a clout till May be out.

†c. figurative. man of clouts, king of clouts, etc.: a mere ‘doll’ in the garb of a man, a king, etc.; a ‘lay-figure’. Cf. babe of clouts n. at babe n. 2. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

society > leisure > entertainment > toy or plaything > doll > [noun]

poppin1440

mammet1461

man of clouts, king of clouts1467

pup-barn?c1475

poppet1483

babe1530

poupe1530

baby1545

puppet1550

baban1570

puppy1659

doll1699

baby doll1725

dolly1790

doll-baby1807

babushka1948

the mind > attention and judgement > importance > unimportance > [noun] > one who is unimportant > of little importance

nekardc1450

man of clouts, king of clouts1467

dandiprat1556

Tom Thumb1579

minim1590

pygmy?1592

titmouse1596

gnatling1614

rye straw1615

nazzard1619

whisk1629

whifling1640

snifty1660

whippersnapper1674

nick-ninny1699

little me1711

squita1825

lightweight1831

lay figure1835

whiffet1839

pinkeen1850

huckleberry1868

bush leaguer1906

knibloch1915

the mind > attention and judgement > importance > unimportance > [noun] > one who is unimportant > one who has no power or influence

unmight?a1300

man of clouts, king of clouts1467

Tom Thumb1646

figurehead1883

1467 in Manners & Househ. Expenses Eng. (1841) 172 Ȝe sey I hame no beter than a man of klowetes.

1540 R. Wisdome in J. Strype Eccl. Memorials (1822) I. ii. App. 475 We have a lyving Christ, and not a Christ of clowts.

1594 J. Lyly Mother Bombie v. iii. sig. I Stel. Silena, thou must..loue him for thy husband. Sil. I had as liefe haue one of clouts.

1660 Scutum Regale: Royal Buckler 330 He is a Clout, no King, which cannot command.

1662 W. Gurnall Christian in Armour: 3rd Pt. 563 The Idolater sweats before his god of clouts.

1705 T. Hearne Remarks & Coll. (1885) I. 35 Y^e next King of Scotland is like to be King of Clouts.

1737 H. Fielding Tom Thumb (ed. 3) i. iii. 12 Indeed a pretty King of Clouts To truckle to her Will.

d. Phrase. as pale or white as a clout.

ΘΚΠ

the world > life > the body > skin > complexion > paleness > [adjective]

blatec1000

whiteOE

greena1275

blakec1275

bleykea1300

wana1300

palec1330

bleach1340

pale and wan (wan and pale)c1374

colourlessc1380

deadlyc1385

deadc1386

bloodlessc1450

earthlyc1460

ruddylessc1460

wan visaged?a1513

wanny1555

as pale or white as a clout1557

bleak1566

mealy1566

pale-faced1570

ghastly1574

white-faced1577

bleakish1581

pallid1590

whiggish1590

tallow-faced1592

maid-pale1597

lily1600

whey-colour1602

lew1611

roseless1611

Hippocratical1615

cadaverousa1661

Hippocratic1681

smock-faced1684

white-looked1690

livid1728

as white (or pale) as a sheet1752

squalid1753

deathly1791

etiolated1791

light-skinned1802

suety1803

shilpit1813

blanched1828

tallowy1830

suet-faced1834

pasty1836

tallowish1838

whey-faced1847

pasty-faced1848

aghast1850

waxen1853

complexionless1863

light-skin1877

lily-cheeked1877

lardy1879

wan-faced1881

exsanguinous1889

wheatish1950

1557 Earl of Surrey et al. Songes & Sonettes (new ed.) f. 91 No life I fele in fote nor hand, As pale as any clout.

1678 J. Bunyan Pilgrim's Progress 166 At this, Littlefaith lookt as white as a Clout .

1722 D. Defoe Moll Flanders 348 I turn'd as white as a Clout.

?1795 H. Macneill Scotland's Scaith 23 Ilk face as white 's a clout.

†e. to wash one's face in an ale clout: to get drunk. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > food and drink > drink > thirst > excess in drinking > [verb (intransitive)] > get drunk

drunkenc1000

to wash one's face in an ale clout1550

to shoe the goose, gosling1566

to catch, hunt the fox1599

to swallow a tavern-token1601

to read Geneva print1608

to whip the cat1622

inebriate1626

to hunt a tavern-fox1635

fox1649

mug1653

to fuddle one's cap or nose1663

to lose one's legs1770

gin1789

stone1858

to beer up1884

slop1899

to get, have, tie a bun on1901

shicker1906

souse1921

lush1926

to cop a reeler1937

to tie one on1951

1550 J. Heywood Dialogue Prouerbes Eng. Tongue (new ed.) i. x. sig. Biv^v As sober as she seemth, fewe dayes come about But she will ones washe her face in an ale clout.

5. spec.

†a. plural. Swaddling clothes. Obsolete or dialect.

ΘΚΠ

the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > types or styles of clothing > [noun] > for specific people > for children > for a baby > swaddling clothes

sweddlec725

cloutc1175

wind-cloutc1175

swaddlebandc1200

swath-bandsc1315

swath-cloutsc1325

sweddle-cloutc1325

clothesc1340

swathing-clouts1375

swathing-clothesa1382

cradle-band1398

swaddling-banda1400

sweddle-banda1400

swaddle-bind1467

swathing-banda1500

swaddling-clouts1530

swaddling-clothes1535

swaddle1538

swathe1565

sweilling clais1567

swaddle-belt1592

bandel1598

swaddlings1623

swaddle-binding1653

roller1656

c1175 Ormulum (Burchfield transcript) l. 3327 Wiþþ clutess inn an cribbe.

c1175 Ormulum (Burchfield transcript) l. 3320 I winnde clut.

1340 R. Rolle Pricke of Conscience 5199 Bethleem whare I was born And in clotes lapped and layd was In a cribbe.

1483 W. Caxton tr. J. de Voragine Golden Legende 128/2 The chyld wrapped in poure clowtes lyeng.

1552 H. Latimer Serm. Gospels ii. 154 He had neither cradell nor cloutes.

1561 T. Norton tr. J. Calvin Inst. Christian Relig. iv. f. 10 That we maye begin in a maner at the very swadlyng cloutes of the Chirche.

1655 J. Howell 4th Vol. Familiar Lett. xix. 54 Hony soit qui mal y pense,..being a Metaphor taken from a child that hath beray'd his clouts.

1682 N. Grew Anat. Plants iv. iii. vii. 192 Membranes, in which the Seeds..lie swadled, as in so many fine Calico Clouts.

1826 W. Scott Woodstock I. v. 129 That band..looks like a baby's clout.

b. A handkerchief. Now dialect and slang.

ΘΚΠ

the world > physical sensation > cleanness and dirtiness > cleaning > cleaning or cleanliness of the person > [noun] > cleaning the nose > handkerchief

coverchiefc1305

cloutc1380

muckender1420

napkin1436

handkerchief1530

handkercher1531

mocket1537

wiper1587

nose-cloth1589

pocket handkerchief1645

handcloth1676

mouchoira1685

pocket-clotha1704

wipe1708

volet1789

kerchief1814

snotter1823

lachrymatory1825

nose-rag1840

nose-wiper1840

sweat-rag1843

lachrymary1854

sneezer1857

stook1859

snottinger1864

snot-rag1888

hanky1895

penwiper1902

paper handkerchief1907

nose-wipe1919

snitch-rag1940

paper hankie1959

c1380 Sir Ferumbras (1879) l. 2747 Þe schrewes toke a clout..& byndeþ ys eȝene þar-wiþ about.

c1440 York Myst. xxxiv. 194 (Soldier to Mary) Go home, casbalde with þi clowte.

1688 J. Jones Tripos ii, in J. Barrett Ess. Earlier Life Swift (1808) 64 Sobbing with his clout in hand.

1699 B. E. New Dict. Canting Crew Clout, a Handkerchief.

1806 C. K. Sharpe Corr. (1888) I. 264 The sedulous care with which his friends gave..clouts for his mouth and nose during his speech.

1873 Slang Dict. Clout, or rag, a cotton pocket-handkerchief.

†c. A sail of a ship. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

society > travel > travel by water > vessel, ship, or boat > equipment of vessel > masts, rigging, or sails > sail > [noun]

sailc888

clothc1400

veila1425

clout1591

wing1600

sheet1637

1591 J. Harington tr. L. Ariosto Orlando Furioso xxiii. x. 178 He sayles apace, and clapps on all his clouts.

1605 J. Sylvester tr. G. de S. Du Bartas Deuine Weekes & Wks. i. iv. 126 As the Winde..Whirles with a whiffe the sailes of swelling clout.

a1610 J. Healey tr. Theophrastus Characters 86 in tr. Epictetus Manuall (1636) When the Pilot gives the ship but a little clout.

†d. A piece of cloth containing a certain number of pins or needles. Obsolete.

ΚΠ

a1528 J. Skelton Elynour Rummyng 564 A cloute of London pynnes.

1586 in W. Greenwell Wills & Inventories Registry Durham (1860) II. 120 xx clouts of nedles, at 14d. a cloute.

†e. A measure of silk. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > textiles and clothing > textiles > textile fabric or an article of textile fabric > textile fabric > textile fabric made from specific material > made from silk > [noun] > quantity of

clouta1600

becket1866

a1600 Custom Duties (Add. MS. 25097) Cullen silke, the clowte containing iiijc...iijli.

f. See quot. 1805. dialect.

ΘΚΠ

the world > textiles and clothing > textiles > textile manufacture > manufacture textile fabric or that which consists of > sewing or ornamenting textile fabric > [noun] > sewing > equipment for > pin > paper or cloth containing

clout1805

pin paper1817

1805 R. Forsyth Beauties Scotl. II. 280 Five..pocks are called a clout, and ten clout of nets are the quantity allowed to each fisherman who has only one share in the fishing.

†6. Archery. The mark shot at: see quot. 1868; also, elliptical, a shot that hits the mark. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

society > leisure > sport > types of sport or game > competitive shooting > archery > [noun] > archery target

bercelc1440

butt1440

shell1497

rover1511

standing pricka1525

round1531

popinjay1548

prick-mark1553

Turk1569

twelve (also twenty-four) score prick1569

garden butt1572

parrot1578

clout1584

hoyle1614

shaw-fowl1621

prick wanda1650

goal1662

1584 W. Elderton New Yorks. Song sig. A/3 Archers good to hit the Clout.

1590 C. Marlowe Tamburlaine: 1st Pt. sig. B6 For Kings are clouts that euery man shoots at.

1598 W. Shakespeare Love's Labour's Lost iv. i. 133 A must shoot nearer, or hele neare hit the clout .

1600 W. Shakespeare Henry IV, Pt. 2 iii. ii. 45 A woulde haue clapt ith clowt at twelue score.

1631 B. Jonson Staple of Newes Epil., in Wks. II Though the clout we doe not alwaies hit.

1678 Robin Hood in W. J. Thoms Early Eng. Prose Romances (1858) II. 113 Robin Hood..shot..with such dexterity..that his arrow entered into the clout and almost touched the black.

1819 W. Scott Ivanhoe I. xiii. 273 ‘A Hubert! a Hubert!’ shouted the populace..‘In the clout!—in the clout!’

1868 F. J. Furnivall in Babees Bk. (2002) Notes p. ciii Within 30 years they [sc. Royal Archers, Edinburgh] shot at a square mark of canvas on a frame, and called ‘the Clout’; and an arrow striking the target is still called ‘a clout’.

III. A blow or strike, and related uses.

a. A heavy blow, esp. with the hand; a cuff. Cf. clod n. 11. Now dialect or colloquial.

ΘΚΠ

the world > movement > impact > striking > striking with specific degree of force > [noun] > striking heavily > a heavy blow

smitea1200

ponder1339

clouta1400

whopc1440

routa1450

maul1481

sousec1500

dunta1522

flake1559

lambskin1573

lamback1592

daud1596

baster1600

mell1658

thumper1682

lounder1723

smash1725

plumper1756

spanker1772

douser1782

thud1787

bash1805

stave1819

batter1823

belter1823

wallop1823

whacker1823

belt1825

smasher1829

dingbat1843

dinger1845

oner1861

squeaker1877

clod1886

wham1923

dong1941

a1400 Isumbras 619 There was none..That he ne gafe hym swylke a clowte, etc.

c1485 Digby Myst. (1882) i. 208 For if I be alone I may sone gete a Clought.

a1500 Tale of Basin in M. M. Furrow Ten 15th-cent. Comic Poems (1985) 63 Lette go þe basyn er þou shalle haue a clowte.

1724 A. Ramsay Tea-table Misc. (1733) I. 22 Did Sandy hear ye, Ye wadna miss to get a Clout.

a1825 R. Forby Vocab. E. Anglia (1830)

1887 W. Besant World Went v. 42 The gunner..found time to fetch me a clout on the head.

b. Personal or private influence; power of effective action, weight (esp. in political contexts). slang (originally U.S.).

ΘΚΠ

society > authority > power > influence > [noun]

powerc1300

authorityc1405

voice1433

swaya1510

gravity1534

force1582

bias1587

interest1600

prevalence1612

prevailance1631

pondus1638

prevailancya1649

prevailency1650

influence1652

prevalency1652

weight1710

prevailingness1757

holding1770

mojo1923

clout1958

muscle1965

1958 Chicago Sun-Times 14 Dec. 78 Defendants in Chicago, as in Los Angeles, are found innocent on the age old legal premise of ‘reasonable doubt’—not, as the judge insinuated, ‘reasonable clout’.

1964 S. M. Miller in I. L. Horowitz New Sociol. 297 Negroes, then, are beginning to develop a political ‘clout’ which will give them the ability to demand and achieve services and help at both the federal and local levels.

1971 Ink 12 June 5/2 France and other countries have large agricultural surpluses and farmers with electoral ‘clout’.

1973 H. Kemelman Tuesday Rabbi saw Red (1977) xvii. 99 Why do you want to get tied in with a pay rise for teachers?.. The teachers ain't like the cops or the firemen. They're a bunch of rabbits, they got no clout.

1975 Times Lit. Suppl. 12 Dec. 1490/5 The agent has one responsibility only—to his author. Depending on the clout of his client, he will be able to resist or minimize the prevailing erosion of authors' terms.

1979 D. Halberstam Powers that Be (1980) ii. viii. 368 The paper gave Nixon enormous leverage and clout at home.

1981 Times 9 Nov. 14 The merchant bank should have what the same finance director defines as reputation, and David Bucks describes as ‘clout’—enough clout with the financial institutions for instance, to arrange the underwriting for an issue.

Compounds

(Here clot-, clott-, also occur.) See also clout-nail n., clout-shoe n.

† clout-iron n. Obsolete iron for clouts (sense 2).

ΚΠ

1582 Interrogatories in T. West Antiq. Furness (1774) App. viii Certain clott iron..for maintenance of their plowes.

† clout-leather n. Obsolete leather for mending shoes.

ΘΚΠ

society > occupation and work > materials > derived or manufactured material > leather > [noun] > leather for boots or shoes

sole-leather1408

clout-leathera1500

bend-leather1581

footing1591

upper leather1629

capping-leathera1642

shoe leather1660

crop-sole1824

pannus corium1841

shoe-butt1858

rough stuff1860

zug1899

a1500 (?c1450) Merlin ii. 33 This cherl that hath bought hym so stronge shoone, and also clowte lether.

1515 Nottingham Corp. Archives No. 1387. p. 5 [Action against a cobbler for 7s.] pro clowtleder.

1599 T. Heywood 1st Pt. King Edward IV sig. E3 Some that haue nere a shoe, had rather go barefoote, then by clout-leather to mend the old.

a1600 King & Barker 67 in W. C. Hazlitt Remains Early Pop. Poetry Eng. (1864) I. 7 Wolde he neuer bey of me clot lether to clowt with his schoyn.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1891; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

cloutv.

Brit.

/klaʊt/, U.S.

/klaʊt/

Forms: Middle English clutie, (Middle English clouȝt, ? past participle clutte), Middle English clute, ( clowght), Middle English–1500s cloute, Middle English–1600s clowt(e, (1500s clought), Middle English– clout.

Etymology: < clout n.¹ The past participle geclútod occurred in Old English; North Frisian has klütjan, to patch.

Now archaic or dialect.

I. Senses relating to a piece or patch.

a. transitive. To mend with a clout or patch; to patch (with cloth, leather, metal, etc.).

ΘΚΠ

society > occupation and work > industry > manufacturing processes > mending or repairing > [verb (transitive)] > with a patch

clouta1375

vampethc1424

vampeyc1425

piece?c1430

patch1445

vamp1699

to piece up1884

a1375 (c1350) William of Palerne (1867) l. 14 Þe herd sat..clouȝtand kyndely his schon.

1499 Promptorium Parvulorum (Pynson) sig. dvi^v/1 Clout disshes, pottes, pannes, crusco.

a1500 (?c1450) Merlin ii. 33 A carl..hadde bought a payre of stronge shone, and also stronge lether to clowte hem with.

1539 R. Taverner tr. Erasmus Prouerbes sig. E.i Let the kobler medle wyth clowtyng his neyghbours shoes.

1650 J. Howell Addit. Lett. viii. 13 in Epistolæ Ho-elianæ (ed. 2) The Cobler will clout it till midnight,..to give his son learning.

1724 A. Ramsay Tea-table Misc. (1733) I. 104 I'm come to clout her caldron.

1841 T. Carlyle On Heroes ii. 114 Visibly clouting his own cloak, cobbling his own shoes.

b. figurative.

ΚΠ

1413 J. Lydgate Pilgr. of Sowle (1859) ii. xliii. 49 They peruertyn holy Scripture by fals vnderstandynge..kouerynge..and cloutynge..the lawe of Crystes gospel.

1543 J. Bale Yet Course at Romyshe Foxe sig. Nij ^v He clowteth the olde broken hooles with patches of olde papystrye.

1858 T. Carlyle Hist. Friedrich II of Prussia I. iii. xvi. 336 Peace of Prag..Miserable Peace; bit of Chaos clouted-up, and done-over with Official varnish.

†2. To put in, on, or to by way of a patch; usually figurative. Obsolete. Also absol. To add patches.

ΘΚΠ

society > occupation and work > industry > manufacturing processes > mending or repairing > [verb (transitive)] > with a patch > put on by way of patch

clout?c1225

?c1225 (?a1200) Ancrene Riwle (Cleo. C.vi) (1972) 188 Þet heo ne..clutie þer to mare.

c1380 J. Wyclif Sel. Wks. III. 404 Or ellis [mot we] uncraftily cloute to wordes of Crist.

1481 in J. T. Smith & L. T. Smith Eng. Gilds (1870) 320 A brasen krocke..a pache clowted in the brim w^t laten.

1576 G. Gascoigne Complaynt of Phylomene in Steele Glas sig. R I haue clouted a new patch to an olde sole.

1581 J. Bell tr. W. Haddon & J. Foxe Against Jerome Osorius 109 Unlesse some Phebus have clouted upon this Mydas head..the eares of some lolleared Asse.

a. To arm or protect with an iron plate or clout.

ΘΚΠ

the world > space > relative position > condition of being external > covering > cover [verb (transitive)] > cover and protect > plate

steela1240

shoec1275

arma1398

clout1573

alchemy1615

1573 T. Tusser Fiue Hundreth Points Good Husbandry (new ed.) f. 14^v Strong exeltred cart, that is clowted & shod.

1652 W. Blith Eng. Improver Improved xxx. 207 Either not clouting at all, or else uneven rough clouting and plating your ploughs.

1675 C. Cotton Poet. Wks. (1765) 233 [He] Bushes the Naves, clouts th' Axle-trees.

b. Also, to protect the soles of shoes with broad-headed nails, to stud with clout-nails.

ΘΚΠ

the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > tailoring or making clothes > making footwear > make footwear [verb (transitive)] > stud with nails

cloutc1394

hobnail1649

hob1874

tacket1896

c1394 P. Pl. Crede 424 Wiþ his knopped schon clouted full þykke.

1502 in N. H. Nicolas Privy Purse Expenses Elizabeth of York (1830) 61 Item for cloughting the same shoys iijd.

a1610 J. Healey tr. Theophrastus Characters 18 in tr. Epictetus Manuall (1636) This fellow..clowts his shooes with hob-nayles.

1688 R. Holme Acad. Armory iii. 300/1 Sparrow Bills..Nails to Clout Shooes withal.

c. figurative.

ΚΠ

1628 J. Earle Micro-cosmogr. xxx. sig. F5^v Some thriftie Hobnayle Prouerbes to Clout his discourse.

†4. figurative. ‘To join awkwardly or coarsely together’ (Johnson); to patch clumsily or botch up. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > action or operation > ability > inability > unskilfulness > be unskilled in [verb (transitive)] > put together clumsily or unskilfully

cloutc1380

patcha1529

clamper1545

botch1561

clumper1586

cobble1589

to stitch up1590

budge1732

fake1879

c1380 Eng. Wycliffite Serm. Sel., in Wks. I. 4 Anticristis lawe, cloutid of many is full of errors.

1570 J. Foxe Actes & Monumentes (rev. ed.) I. 19/1 This argument..being clouted vp in the third figure.

1596 W. Warner Albions Eng. (rev. ed.) ix. xlviii. 225 So, by what right or wrong so-eare, Spayne clouteth Crownes together.

5. To cover with a clout or cloth; also transferred to cover as with a cloth. archaic.

ΘΚΠ

the world > space > relative position > condition of being external > covering > cover [verb (transitive)] > with cloth or textile

clothec1369

pallc1440

clout1579

drapery1824

cloth1844

drape1847

bedrape1865

1579 [implied in: E. Spenser Shepheardes Cal. Mar. 50 Thilke same vnhappie Ewe, Whose clouted legge her hurt doth shewe. (at clouted adj.¹ 4)].

a1642 H. Best Farming & Memorandum Bks. (1984) 4 A custome with many..sheep-men..to clowte their shearings to hinder them from tuppinge.

1709 Tatler No. 68 He..show'd a Leg clouted up.

1851 M. Reid Scalp Hunters II. vii. 94 The white flakes had clouted his [sc. the horse's] neck.

†6. ? To wipe with a cloth. Obsolete.

ΚΠ

1553 tr. S. Gardiner De Vera Obediencia: Oration G j.

a1792 J. Reynolds Journey Flanders & Holland in Wks. (1797) II.

II. Senses relating to a blow or strike, and associated uses.

7. To cuff heavily. Now dialect or colloquial.

ΘΚΠ

the world > movement > impact > striking > striking with specific degree of force > strike with specific degree of force [verb (transitive)] > strike heavily

cloutc1330

bunch1362

sousec1520

blad1524

dauda1572

bum1581

bump1611

bash1833

twat1974

c1330 (?c1300) Guy of Warwick (Auch.) l. 3709 So he gan his godes to cloute, Þat þe erþe dined aboute.

c1410 Sir Cleges 264 I schall the clowght.

1551 Bible (Matthew's) 2 Sam. xxii. 39 (R.) I wasted them and so clouted them that they coulde not aryse.

1647 J. Howell New Vol. of Lett. 110 The late Queene of Spaine tooke off one of her chapines, and clowted Olivares about the noddle with it.

c1665 L. Hutchinson Mem. Col. Hutchinson (1973) 155 Lett's clout them out of the field.

1784 New Spectator No. 20. 4/2 Quarrelling and offering to ‘clout’ any body that opposed their opinion.

1869 R. D. Blackmore Lorna Doone I. xi. 120 I longed to clout his ears for him.

8. To reap in a particular way; = bag v.²

ΚΠ

1886 Encycl. Brit. XXI. 574/2 A heavy smooth-edged sickle is used for ‘bagging’ or ‘clouting’,—an operation in which the hook is struck against the straw, the left hand being used to gather and carry along the cut swath.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1891; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	clout
释义	cloutn.¹ Brit. /klaʊt/, U.S. /klaʊt/ Forms: Old English clút, Middle English clut(e, Middle English– clout. (Also Middle English northern clotes, Middle English–1600s clowt(e, cloute, Middle English–1500s clought, ? clot(t (in compounds), 1500s clutte.) Etymology: Old English clút ; compare 14th cent. Icelandic klútr ‘a kerchief’ (? not native), Swedish klut , Norwegian and Danish klud clout, rag, tatter, shred. Irish clud , cluid , Gaelic clud , Welsh clwt are all from English (Rhŷs). The Old English points to an Old Germanic klûto-z , pre-Germanic type glūˈdo-s from same root as clot n., cleat n. ( < gluˈdom , ˈglaudom ). The original sense would therefore be something like ‘lump, piece of stuff’; from an early period the word has been applied especially to a patch or piece of cloth, and so to a cloth (cloth n. 1 – 3) in a somewhat depreciatory sense. But sense 2 retains some of the original wider meaning, and relationship with cleat n. It has been doubted whether sense 7 belongs to this word, though a parallel development of sense is found under clod n. I. gen. Piece, patch, flat piece, shred. 1. A piece of cloth, leather, metal, etc., set on to mend anything; a patch. archaic and dialect. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > materials > types of material generally > [noun] > patch of material for mending clouta700 patcha1382 piece?c1430 speckc1440 piece-patch1880 the world > action or operation > amending > restoration > [noun] > restoring something lost or damaged > in a makeshift manner > that which clouta700 a700 Epinal Gloss. 789 Pittacium, clut. c1380 J. Wyclif Sel. Wks. III. 350 Aȝens Cristis sentence, þei sewen an old cloute in newe cloiþ. c1440 Promptorium Parvulorum 84 Clowte of clothe, scrutum. c1440 Promptorium Parvulorum 84 Clowte of a schoo, pictasium. 1563 T. Sackville in W. Baldwin et al. Myrrour for Magistrates (new ed.) xxxvii Cloutes and patches pieced one by one. 1570 P. Levens Manipulus Vocabulorum sig. Siv/2 Y^e Clout set on a garment, or on a shoe, cento. 1719 in T. D'Urfey Wit & Mirth III. 249 Out of the side you may cut a Clout, To mend your Shoe when worn out. 2. A plate of iron: esp. (in more recent use) one fixed on some part of a plough, on an axle-tree, or on a shoe, to prevent wear. [Compare cleat n. 4] Obsolete exc. dialect. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > materials > derived or manufactured material > metal > iron > [noun] > pieces of other form clouta1000 share mould1568 sole1729 butt1831 shape1845 the world > space > shape > condition of being broad in relation to thickness > [noun] > object > of metal clout1483 platen?1541 the world > food and drink > farming > tools and implements > ploughing equipment > [noun] > plough > mouldboard > parts of mouldbred clout1348 mouldboard clout1394 cloutc1485 breast1652 shiver1652 wrest1652 plough breast1799 society > travel > means of travel > a conveyance > vehicle > cart, carriage, or wagon > cart or wagon for conveying goods > [noun] > parts of > covering for axle-tree cart-clout1446 wain-clout1454 cloutc1485 society > occupation and work > equipment > machine > parts of machines > wheel > [noun] > parts of wheels > axle > other parts of clout?1523 colletc1530 stud1683 pole1730 wreath1733 virtival1794 thrust screw1858 toe-step1888 the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > types or styles of clothing > footwear > parts of footwear > [noun] > protective studs or plates clouta1825 calkin1827 spelt1875 seg1958 a1000 Homilies in B. Thorpe Anc. Laws Eng. I. 424 (Bosw.) Isenan clutas hate glowende. 1483 Cath. Angl. 69 A Clowte of yrne, crusta ferrea; vbi plate. c1485 Inventory in J. T. Fowler Acts Church SS. Peter & Wilfrid, Ripon (1875) 373 ij wayneclowtes & ij plogh clowtes. ?1523 J. Fitzherbert Bk. Husbandry f. iiii An axyltre clout with eight wayne cloutes of yron. 1573 T. Tusser Fiue Hundreth Points Good Husbandry (new ed.) f. 15 Two plows..with ground clouts, & side clouts, for soile y^t so tares. 1594 R. Carew tr. T. Tasso Godfrey of Bulloigne i. 34 Who yron wont to plowes and clots t' apply. 1714 tr. French Bk. of Rates 76 Nails, Clouts, and other small Iron-Work, per 100 weight 00 12. a1825 R. Forby Vocab. E. Anglia (1830) Clout, an iron plate on a shoe = Cleat. 1866 J. E. T. Rogers Hist. Agric. & Prices I. xxi. 546 Clouts were thin and flat pieces of iron used to strengthen the box of the wheel. †3. A small piece or shred produced by tearing or rending; in later use chiefly a shred of cloth, a rag (as in 4). Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > wholeness > incompleteness > part of whole > [noun] > a separate part > a fragment > torn off cloutc1325 rug?a1505 avulsion1678 scrid1815 rending1859 tearing1891 c1325 Early Eng. Allit. Poems (1864) l. 367 Mony clustered clowde clef alle in clowtez, To-rent vch a rayn-ryfte. c1380 Sir Ferumbras (1879) l. 4533 Al is hod [he] to-taar to cloute. c1386 G. Chaucer Merchant's Tale 709 Sche rent it al to cloutes. c1400 (?c1380) Cleanness (1920) l. 965 Clouen alle in lyttel cloutes þe clyffez. 1600 T. Dekker Shomakers Holiday sig. I^v Touch not a ragge, least I and my brethren beate you to clowtes. a1625 J. Fletcher Women Pleas'd v. i, in F. Beaumont & J. Fletcher Comedies & Trag. (1647) sig. Ffffff^v/2 All his Louts Beat (as the Proverb seemly sayes) to clouts. II. spec. Piece of cloth, a cloth. 4. a. A piece of cloth (esp. a small or worthless piece, a ‘rag’); a cloth (esp. one put to mean uses, e.g. a dish-clout). archaic and dialect. ΘΚΠ the world > textiles and clothing > textiles > textile fabric or an article of textile fabric > textile fabric > [noun] > piece of > rag > a rag clout?c1225 rata1250 ragc1390 shrag?a1400 tatter-wagc1400 tatter1402 jag1555 libbet1627 tatter-wallop1808 tat1839 tag1840 trollopa1843 fent1844 raggle1888 lappie1892 ?c1225 (?a1200) Ancrene Riwle (Cleo. C.vi) (1972) 158 Þe deoflen schulen pleiȝen wið him..& dusten as an pilche clut. c1275 Death 68 in Old Eng. Misc. 172 Me nimeð þe licome and preoneð in a clut. c1400 Mandeville's Trav. xviii. 196 Þei gon all naked saf a lityll clout þat þei coueren with..hire membres. 1484 W. Caxton tr. G. de la Tour-Landry Bk. Knight of Tower (1971) lxxii. 103 The clowte of the kechyn wherwith men wype dysshes and platers. 1531 T. Elyot Bk. named Gouernour i. xxiii. sig. Lv^v The good husbande..settethe vp cloughtes..to feare away birdes. 1546 J. Heywood Dialogue Prouerbes Eng. Tongue ii. ix. sig. Lii Ye can geue me your blessyng in a clout. 1590 R. Greene Neuer too Late ii. sig. G4^v Marrie her (my sonne) and thou shalt haue my benizon in a clowte. 1590 R. Greene Neuer too Late ii. sig. K^v If you match with mee, olde Callena my mother hath that in a clowte that will doo vs both good. 1591 G. Fletcher Of Russe Common Wealth xxi. f. 89^v They vse to go starke naked, saue a clout about their middle. 1611 Bible (King James) Jer. xxxviii. 12. 1647 J. Howell New Vol. of Lett. 72 Money is welcome, though it be in a dirty Clout. 1762 L. Sterne Life Tristram Shandy V. vii. 49 Driven, like turkeys to market, with a stick and a red clout. 1887 H. Caine Son of Hagar ii. xvi A pair of kid gloves that sat on his great hands like a clout on a pitch-fork. b. Applied contemptuously to any article of clothing; in plural clothes. (Cf. rag n.² 1c.) Still dialect and in proverb ne'er cast a clout till May be out (and variants). ΘΚΠ the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > [noun] > garment or article of raileOE i-wedeOE reafOE shroudc1000 weedOE back-cloth?c1225 hatter?c1225 clouta1300 coverturec1300 garment1340 vesturec1384 clothc1385 vestmentc1386 jeryne?a1400 clothinga1425 gilla1438 raiment1440 haterella1450 vestimenta1500 indumenta1513 paitclaith1550 casceis1578 attire1587 amice1600 implements1601 cladment1647 enduement1650 vest1655 body garment1688 wearable1711 sledo1719 rag1855 number1894 opaque1903 daytimer1936 a1300 Seven Sins 49 in Early Eng. Poems & Lives Saints (1862) 20 If he hauiþ an old clute he mai be swiþe prute, whar mid i-helid he sal be. c1485 Early Eng. Misc. (Warton Club) 56 He had not left an holle clowt, Wherwith to hyde hys body abowte. 1563 2nd Tome Homelyes Excess of Apparel, in J. Griffiths Two Bks. Homilies (1859) ii. 311 The poor labouring man..with a few beggarly clouts about him. 1569 R. Grafton Chron. II. 458 The..Peysauntes spoyled the deade Carcasses, leauing them neyther shyrt nor clowte. Old Proverb, Till May be out Ne'er cast a clout. 1732 T. Fuller Gnomologia 276 Leave not off a Clout Till May be out. 1877 F. Ross et al. Gloss. Words Holderness Female attire is denominated cloots occasionally, as, ‘get thy cloots on’. 1948 R. Graves White Goddess x A custom referred to in the proverb ‘Ne'er cast a clout ere May be out’, meaning ‘do not put on new clothes until the unlucky month is over’. 1970 N. Streatfeild Thursday's Child xxv I still wear four petticoats... Ne'er cast a clout till May be out. †c. figurative. man of clouts, king of clouts, etc.: a mere ‘doll’ in the garb of a man, a king, etc.; a ‘lay-figure’. Cf. babe of clouts n. at babe n. 2. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > entertainment > toy or plaything > doll > [noun] poppin1440 mammet1461 man of clouts, king of clouts1467 pup-barn?c1475 poppet1483 babe1530 poupe1530 baby1545 puppet1550 baban1570 puppy1659 doll1699 baby doll1725 dolly1790 doll-baby1807 babushka1948 the mind > attention and judgement > importance > unimportance > [noun] > one who is unimportant > of little importance nekardc1450 man of clouts, king of clouts1467 dandiprat1556 Tom Thumb1579 minim1590 pygmy?1592 titmouse1596 gnatling1614 rye straw1615 nazzard1619 whisk1629 whifling1640 snifty1660 whippersnapper1674 nick-ninny1699 little me1711 squita1825 lightweight1831 lay figure1835 whiffet1839 pinkeen1850 huckleberry1868 bush leaguer1906 knibloch1915 the mind > attention and judgement > importance > unimportance > [noun] > one who is unimportant > one who has no power or influence unmight?a1300 man of clouts, king of clouts1467 Tom Thumb1646 figurehead1883 1467 in Manners & Househ. Expenses Eng. (1841) 172 Ȝe sey I hame no beter than a man of klowetes. 1540 R. Wisdome in J. Strype Eccl. Memorials (1822) I. ii. App. 475 We have a lyving Christ, and not a Christ of clowts. 1594 J. Lyly Mother Bombie v. iii. sig. I Stel. Silena, thou must..loue him for thy husband. Sil. I had as liefe haue one of clouts. 1660 Scutum Regale: Royal Buckler 330 He is a Clout, no King, which cannot command. 1662 W. Gurnall Christian in Armour: 3rd Pt. 563 The Idolater sweats before his god of clouts. 1705 T. Hearne Remarks & Coll. (1885) I. 35 Y^e next King of Scotland is like to be King of Clouts. 1737 H. Fielding Tom Thumb (ed. 3) i. iii. 12 Indeed a pretty King of Clouts To truckle to her Will. d. Phrase. as pale or white as a clout. ΘΚΠ the world > life > the body > skin > complexion > paleness > [adjective] blatec1000 whiteOE greena1275 blakec1275 bleykea1300 wana1300 palec1330 bleach1340 pale and wan (wan and pale)c1374 colourlessc1380 deadlyc1385 deadc1386 bloodlessc1450 earthlyc1460 ruddylessc1460 wan visaged?a1513 wanny1555 as pale or white as a clout1557 bleak1566 mealy1566 pale-faced1570 ghastly1574 white-faced1577 bleakish1581 pallid1590 whiggish1590 tallow-faced1592 maid-pale1597 lily1600 whey-colour1602 lew1611 roseless1611 Hippocratical1615 cadaverousa1661 Hippocratic1681 smock-faced1684 white-looked1690 livid1728 as white (or pale) as a sheet1752 squalid1753 deathly1791 etiolated1791 light-skinned1802 suety1803 shilpit1813 blanched1828 tallowy1830 suet-faced1834 pasty1836 tallowish1838 whey-faced1847 pasty-faced1848 aghast1850 waxen1853 complexionless1863 light-skin1877 lily-cheeked1877 lardy1879 wan-faced1881 exsanguinous1889 wheatish1950 1557 Earl of Surrey et al. Songes & Sonettes (new ed.) f. 91 No life I fele in fote nor hand, As pale as any clout. 1678 J. Bunyan Pilgrim's Progress 166 At this, Littlefaith lookt as white as a Clout . View more context for this quotation 1722 D. Defoe Moll Flanders 348 I turn'd as white as a Clout. ?1795 H. Macneill Scotland's Scaith 23 Ilk face as white 's a clout. †e. to wash one's face in an ale clout: to get drunk. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > drink > thirst > excess in drinking > [verb (intransitive)] > get drunk drunkenc1000 to wash one's face in an ale clout1550 to shoe the goose, gosling1566 to catch, hunt the fox1599 to swallow a tavern-token1601 to read Geneva print1608 to whip the cat1622 inebriate1626 to hunt a tavern-fox1635 fox1649 mug1653 to fuddle one's cap or nose1663 to lose one's legs1770 gin1789 stone1858 to beer up1884 slop1899 to get, have, tie a bun on1901 shicker1906 souse1921 lush1926 to cop a reeler1937 to tie one on1951 1550 J. Heywood Dialogue Prouerbes Eng. Tongue (new ed.) i. x. sig. Biv^v As sober as she seemth, fewe dayes come about But she will ones washe her face in an ale clout. 5. spec. †a. plural. Swaddling clothes. Obsolete or dialect. ΘΚΠ the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > types or styles of clothing > [noun] > for specific people > for children > for a baby > swaddling clothes sweddlec725 cloutc1175 wind-cloutc1175 swaddlebandc1200 swath-bandsc1315 swath-cloutsc1325 sweddle-cloutc1325 clothesc1340 swathing-clouts1375 swathing-clothesa1382 cradle-band1398 swaddling-banda1400 sweddle-banda1400 swaddle-bind1467 swathing-banda1500 swaddling-clouts1530 swaddling-clothes1535 swaddle1538 swathe1565 sweilling clais1567 swaddle-belt1592 bandel1598 swaddlings1623 swaddle-binding1653 roller1656 c1175 Ormulum (Burchfield transcript) l. 3327 Wiþþ clutess inn an cribbe. c1175 Ormulum (Burchfield transcript) l. 3320 I winnde clut. 1340 R. Rolle Pricke of Conscience 5199 Bethleem whare I was born And in clotes lapped and layd was In a cribbe. 1483 W. Caxton tr. J. de Voragine Golden Legende 128/2 The chyld wrapped in poure clowtes lyeng. 1552 H. Latimer Serm. Gospels ii. 154 He had neither cradell nor cloutes. 1561 T. Norton tr. J. Calvin Inst. Christian Relig. iv. f. 10 That we maye begin in a maner at the very swadlyng cloutes of the Chirche. 1655 J. Howell 4th Vol. Familiar Lett. xix. 54 Hony soit qui mal y pense,..being a Metaphor taken from a child that hath beray'd his clouts. 1682 N. Grew Anat. Plants iv. iii. vii. 192 Membranes, in which the Seeds..lie swadled, as in so many fine Calico Clouts. 1826 W. Scott Woodstock I. v. 129 That band..looks like a baby's clout. b. A handkerchief. Now dialect and slang. ΘΚΠ the world > physical sensation > cleanness and dirtiness > cleaning > cleaning or cleanliness of the person > [noun] > cleaning the nose > handkerchief coverchiefc1305 cloutc1380 muckender1420 napkin1436 handkerchief1530 handkercher1531 mocket1537 wiper1587 nose-cloth1589 pocket handkerchief1645 handcloth1676 mouchoira1685 pocket-clotha1704 wipe1708 volet1789 kerchief1814 snotter1823 lachrymatory1825 nose-rag1840 nose-wiper1840 sweat-rag1843 lachrymary1854 sneezer1857 stook1859 snottinger1864 snot-rag1888 hanky1895 penwiper1902 paper handkerchief1907 nose-wipe1919 snitch-rag1940 paper hankie1959 c1380 Sir Ferumbras (1879) l. 2747 Þe schrewes toke a clout..& byndeþ ys eȝene þar-wiþ about. c1440 York Myst. xxxiv. 194 (Soldier to Mary) Go home, casbalde with þi clowte. 1688 J. Jones Tripos ii, in J. Barrett Ess. Earlier Life Swift (1808) 64 Sobbing with his clout in hand. 1699 B. E. New Dict. Canting Crew Clout, a Handkerchief. 1806 C. K. Sharpe Corr. (1888) I. 264 The sedulous care with which his friends gave..clouts for his mouth and nose during his speech. 1873 Slang Dict. Clout, or rag, a cotton pocket-handkerchief. †c. A sail of a ship. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ society > travel > travel by water > vessel, ship, or boat > equipment of vessel > masts, rigging, or sails > sail > [noun] sailc888 clothc1400 veila1425 clout1591 wing1600 sheet1637 1591 J. Harington tr. L. Ariosto Orlando Furioso xxiii. x. 178 He sayles apace, and clapps on all his clouts. 1605 J. Sylvester tr. G. de S. Du Bartas Deuine Weekes & Wks. i. iv. 126 As the Winde..Whirles with a whiffe the sailes of swelling clout. a1610 J. Healey tr. Theophrastus Characters 86 in tr. Epictetus Manuall (1636) When the Pilot gives the ship but a little clout. †d. A piece of cloth containing a certain number of pins or needles. Obsolete. ΚΠ a1528 J. Skelton Elynour Rummyng 564 A cloute of London pynnes. 1586 in W. Greenwell Wills & Inventories Registry Durham (1860) II. 120 xx clouts of nedles, at 14d. a cloute. †e. A measure of silk. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > textiles and clothing > textiles > textile fabric or an article of textile fabric > textile fabric > textile fabric made from specific material > made from silk > [noun] > quantity of clouta1600 becket1866 a1600 Custom Duties (Add. MS. 25097) Cullen silke, the clowte containing iiijc...iijli. f. See quot. 1805. dialect. ΘΚΠ the world > textiles and clothing > textiles > textile manufacture > manufacture textile fabric or that which consists of > sewing or ornamenting textile fabric > [noun] > sewing > equipment for > pin > paper or cloth containing clout1805 pin paper1817 1805 R. Forsyth Beauties Scotl. II. 280 Five..pocks are called a clout, and ten clout of nets are the quantity allowed to each fisherman who has only one share in the fishing. †6. Archery. The mark shot at: see quot. 1868; also, elliptical, a shot that hits the mark. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > sport > types of sport or game > competitive shooting > archery > [noun] > archery target bercelc1440 butt1440 shell1497 rover1511 standing pricka1525 round1531 popinjay1548 prick-mark1553 Turk1569 twelve (also twenty-four) score prick1569 garden butt1572 parrot1578 clout1584 hoyle1614 shaw-fowl1621 prick wanda1650 goal1662 1584 W. Elderton New Yorks. Song sig. A/3 Archers good to hit the Clout. 1590 C. Marlowe Tamburlaine: 1st Pt. sig. B6 For Kings are clouts that euery man shoots at. 1598 W. Shakespeare Love's Labour's Lost iv. i. 133 A must shoot nearer, or hele neare hit the clout . View more context for this quotation 1600 W. Shakespeare Henry IV, Pt. 2 iii. ii. 45 A woulde haue clapt ith clowt at twelue score. View more context for this quotation 1631 B. Jonson Staple of Newes Epil., in Wks. II Though the clout we doe not alwaies hit. 1678 Robin Hood in W. J. Thoms Early Eng. Prose Romances (1858) II. 113 Robin Hood..shot..with such dexterity..that his arrow entered into the clout and almost touched the black. 1819 W. Scott Ivanhoe I. xiii. 273 ‘A Hubert! a Hubert!’ shouted the populace..‘In the clout!—in the clout!’ 1868 F. J. Furnivall in Babees Bk. (2002) Notes p. ciii Within 30 years they [sc. Royal Archers, Edinburgh] shot at a square mark of canvas on a frame, and called ‘the Clout’; and an arrow striking the target is still called ‘a clout’. III. A blow or strike, and related uses. 7. a. A heavy blow, esp. with the hand; a cuff. Cf. clod n. 11. Now dialect or colloquial. ΘΚΠ the world > movement > impact > striking > striking with specific degree of force > [noun] > striking heavily > a heavy blow smitea1200 ponder1339 clouta1400 whopc1440 routa1450 maul1481 sousec1500 dunta1522 flake1559 lambskin1573 lamback1592 daud1596 baster1600 mell1658 thumper1682 lounder1723 smash1725 plumper1756 spanker1772 douser1782 thud1787 bash1805 stave1819 batter1823 belter1823 wallop1823 whacker1823 belt1825 smasher1829 dingbat1843 dinger1845 oner1861 squeaker1877 clod1886 wham1923 dong1941 a1400 Isumbras 619 There was none..That he ne gafe hym swylke a clowte, etc. c1485 Digby Myst. (1882) i. 208 For if I be alone I may sone gete a Clought. a1500 Tale of Basin in M. M. Furrow Ten 15th-cent. Comic Poems (1985) 63 Lette go þe basyn er þou shalle haue a clowte. 1724 A. Ramsay Tea-table Misc. (1733) I. 22 Did Sandy hear ye, Ye wadna miss to get a Clout. a1825 R. Forby Vocab. E. Anglia (1830) 1887 W. Besant World Went v. 42 The gunner..found time to fetch me a clout on the head. b. Personal or private influence; power of effective action, weight (esp. in political contexts). slang (originally U.S.). ΘΚΠ society > authority > power > influence > [noun] powerc1300 authorityc1405 voice1433 swaya1510 gravity1534 force1582 bias1587 interest1600 prevalence1612 prevailance1631 pondus1638 prevailancya1649 prevailency1650 influence1652 prevalency1652 weight1710 prevailingness1757 holding1770 mojo1923 clout1958 muscle1965 1958 Chicago Sun-Times 14 Dec. 78 Defendants in Chicago, as in Los Angeles, are found innocent on the age old legal premise of ‘reasonable doubt’—not, as the judge insinuated, ‘reasonable clout’. 1964 S. M. Miller in I. L. Horowitz New Sociol. 297 Negroes, then, are beginning to develop a political ‘clout’ which will give them the ability to demand and achieve services and help at both the federal and local levels. 1971 Ink 12 June 5/2 France and other countries have large agricultural surpluses and farmers with electoral ‘clout’. 1973 H. Kemelman Tuesday Rabbi saw Red (1977) xvii. 99 Why do you want to get tied in with a pay rise for teachers?.. The teachers ain't like the cops or the firemen. They're a bunch of rabbits, they got no clout. 1975 Times Lit. Suppl. 12 Dec. 1490/5 The agent has one responsibility only—to his author. Depending on the clout of his client, he will be able to resist or minimize the prevailing erosion of authors' terms. 1979 D. Halberstam Powers that Be (1980) ii. viii. 368 The paper gave Nixon enormous leverage and clout at home. 1981 Times 9 Nov. 14 The merchant bank should have what the same finance director defines as reputation, and David Bucks describes as ‘clout’—enough clout with the financial institutions for instance, to arrange the underwriting for an issue. Compounds (Here clot-, clott-, also occur.) See also clout-nail n., clout-shoe n. † clout-iron n. Obsolete iron for clouts (sense 2). ΚΠ 1582 Interrogatories in T. West Antiq. Furness (1774) App. viii Certain clott iron..for maintenance of their plowes. † clout-leather n. Obsolete leather for mending shoes. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > materials > derived or manufactured material > leather > [noun] > leather for boots or shoes sole-leather1408 clout-leathera1500 bend-leather1581 footing1591 upper leather1629 capping-leathera1642 shoe leather1660 crop-sole1824 pannus corium1841 shoe-butt1858 rough stuff1860 zug1899 a1500 (?c1450) Merlin ii. 33 This cherl that hath bought hym so stronge shoone, and also clowte lether. 1515 Nottingham Corp. Archives No. 1387. p. 5 [Action against a cobbler for 7s.] pro clowtleder. 1599 T. Heywood 1st Pt. King Edward IV sig. E3 Some that haue nere a shoe, had rather go barefoote, then by clout-leather to mend the old. a1600 King & Barker 67 in W. C. Hazlitt Remains Early Pop. Poetry Eng. (1864) I. 7 Wolde he neuer bey of me clot lether to clowt with his schoyn. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1891; most recently modified version published online March 2022). cloutn.² Etymology: Middle English clūte , perhaps < Old English clúta or clúte, corresponding to Dutch kluit feminine clod, piece, Middle Dutch clûte , Middle Low German and modern Low German klûte (masculine, feminine) < Old Germanic klûton- or klûtôn- ; same root as clout n.¹ Obsolete or dialect. 1. Clot of earth, clod. ΘΚΠ the world > the earth > structure of the earth > constituent materials > earth or soil > [noun] > clod clouta1250 gluga1382 clotc1400 clodc1440 glebea1513 turf1607 clat1628 a1250 Owl & Nightingale 1165 Mid stave, and stoone, and turf, and clute, Þat þu ne miht nohwar atrute. 1887 W. D. Parish & W. F. Shaw Dict. Kentish Dial. Clout, a clod, or lump of earth, in a ploughed field. †2. plural. Clotted or clouted cream, cream curds. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > food > dairy produce > [noun] > cream > clotted cream cloutsc1430 clouted cream1542 buttercream1658 scald cream1791 clotted cream1878 c1430 Cookery Bks. (1888) 47 Put þer-to creme, (& ȝif it be clowtys, draw it þorwe a straynoure). a1665 K. Digby Closet Opened (1669) 138 To take the Clouts the more conveniently. Compounds clout-crushed adj. crushed or pressed in the curd. ΚΠ 1599 T. Nashe Lenten Stuffe 26 Their lordly Parmasin, (so named of the citty of Parma, in Italy where it is first clout-crushed and made). This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1891; most recently modified version published online December 2018). cloutv. Brit. /klaʊt/, U.S. /klaʊt/ Forms: Middle English clutie, (Middle English clouȝt, ? past participle clutte), Middle English clute, ( clowght), Middle English–1500s cloute, Middle English–1600s clowt(e, (1500s clought), Middle English– clout. Etymology: < clout n.¹ The past participle geclútod occurred in Old English; North Frisian has klütjan, to patch. Now archaic or dialect. I. Senses relating to a piece or patch. 1. a. transitive. To mend with a clout or patch; to patch (with cloth, leather, metal, etc.). ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > industry > manufacturing processes > mending or repairing > [verb (transitive)] > with a patch clouta1375 vampethc1424 vampeyc1425 piece?c1430 patch1445 vamp1699 to piece up1884 a1375 (c1350) William of Palerne (1867) l. 14 Þe herd sat..clouȝtand kyndely his schon. 1499 Promptorium Parvulorum (Pynson) sig. dvi^v/1 Clout disshes, pottes, pannes, crusco. a1500 (?c1450) Merlin ii. 33 A carl..hadde bought a payre of stronge shone, and also stronge lether to clowte hem with. 1539 R. Taverner tr. Erasmus Prouerbes sig. E.i Let the kobler medle wyth clowtyng his neyghbours shoes. 1650 J. Howell Addit. Lett. viii. 13 in Epistolæ Ho-elianæ (ed. 2) The Cobler will clout it till midnight,..to give his son learning. 1724 A. Ramsay Tea-table Misc. (1733) I. 104 I'm come to clout her caldron. 1841 T. Carlyle On Heroes ii. 114 Visibly clouting his own cloak, cobbling his own shoes. b. figurative. ΚΠ 1413 J. Lydgate Pilgr. of Sowle (1859) ii. xliii. 49 They peruertyn holy Scripture by fals vnderstandynge..kouerynge..and cloutynge..the lawe of Crystes gospel. 1543 J. Bale Yet Course at Romyshe Foxe sig. Nij ^v He clowteth the olde broken hooles with patches of olde papystrye. 1858 T. Carlyle Hist. Friedrich II of Prussia I. iii. xvi. 336 Peace of Prag..Miserable Peace; bit of Chaos clouted-up, and done-over with Official varnish. †2. To put in, on, or to by way of a patch; usually figurative. Obsolete. Also absol. To add patches. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > industry > manufacturing processes > mending or repairing > [verb (transitive)] > with a patch > put on by way of patch clout?c1225 ?c1225 (?a1200) Ancrene Riwle (Cleo. C.vi) (1972) 188 Þet heo ne..clutie þer to mare. c1380 J. Wyclif Sel. Wks. III. 404 Or ellis [mot we] uncraftily cloute to wordes of Crist. 1481 in J. T. Smith & L. T. Smith Eng. Gilds (1870) 320 A brasen krocke..a pache clowted in the brim w^t laten. 1576 G. Gascoigne Complaynt of Phylomene in Steele Glas sig. R I haue clouted a new patch to an olde sole. 1581 J. Bell tr. W. Haddon & J. Foxe Against Jerome Osorius 109 Unlesse some Phebus have clouted upon this Mydas head..the eares of some lolleared Asse. 3. a. To arm or protect with an iron plate or clout. ΘΚΠ the world > space > relative position > condition of being external > covering > cover [verb (transitive)] > cover and protect > plate steela1240 shoec1275 arma1398 clout1573 alchemy1615 1573 T. Tusser Fiue Hundreth Points Good Husbandry (new ed.) f. 14^v Strong exeltred cart, that is clowted & shod. 1652 W. Blith Eng. Improver Improved xxx. 207 Either not clouting at all, or else uneven rough clouting and plating your ploughs. 1675 C. Cotton Poet. Wks. (1765) 233 [He] Bushes the Naves, clouts th' Axle-trees. b. Also, to protect the soles of shoes with broad-headed nails, to stud with clout-nails. ΘΚΠ the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > tailoring or making clothes > making footwear > make footwear [verb (transitive)] > stud with nails cloutc1394 hobnail1649 hob1874 tacket1896 c1394 P. Pl. Crede 424 Wiþ his knopped schon clouted full þykke. 1502 in N. H. Nicolas Privy Purse Expenses Elizabeth of York (1830) 61 Item for cloughting the same shoys iijd. a1610 J. Healey tr. Theophrastus Characters 18 in tr. Epictetus Manuall (1636) This fellow..clowts his shooes with hob-nayles. 1688 R. Holme Acad. Armory iii. 300/1 Sparrow Bills..Nails to Clout Shooes withal. c. figurative. ΚΠ 1628 J. Earle Micro-cosmogr. xxx. sig. F5^v Some thriftie Hobnayle Prouerbes to Clout his discourse. †4. figurative. ‘To join awkwardly or coarsely together’ (Johnson); to patch clumsily or botch up. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > ability > inability > unskilfulness > be unskilled in [verb (transitive)] > put together clumsily or unskilfully cloutc1380 patcha1529 clamper1545 botch1561 clumper1586 cobble1589 to stitch up1590 budge1732 fake1879 c1380 Eng. Wycliffite Serm. Sel., in Wks. I. 4 Anticristis lawe, cloutid of many is full of errors. 1570 J. Foxe Actes & Monumentes (rev. ed.) I. 19/1 This argument..being clouted vp in the third figure. 1596 W. Warner Albions Eng. (rev. ed.) ix. xlviii. 225 So, by what right or wrong so-eare, Spayne clouteth Crownes together. 5. To cover with a clout or cloth; also transferred to cover as with a cloth. archaic. ΘΚΠ the world > space > relative position > condition of being external > covering > cover [verb (transitive)] > with cloth or textile clothec1369 pallc1440 clout1579 drapery1824 cloth1844 drape1847 bedrape1865 1579 [implied in: E. Spenser Shepheardes Cal. Mar. 50 Thilke same vnhappie Ewe, Whose clouted legge her hurt doth shewe. (at clouted adj.¹ 4)]. a1642 H. Best Farming & Memorandum Bks. (1984) 4 A custome with many..sheep-men..to clowte their shearings to hinder them from tuppinge. 1709 Tatler No. 68 He..show'd a Leg clouted up. 1851 M. Reid Scalp Hunters II. vii. 94 The white flakes had clouted his [sc. the horse's] neck. †6. ? To wipe with a cloth. Obsolete. ΚΠ 1553 tr. S. Gardiner De Vera Obediencia: Oration G j. a1792 J. Reynolds Journey Flanders & Holland in Wks. (1797) II. II. Senses relating to a blow or strike, and associated uses. 7. To cuff heavily. Now dialect or colloquial. ΘΚΠ the world > movement > impact > striking > striking with specific degree of force > strike with specific degree of force [verb (transitive)] > strike heavily cloutc1330 bunch1362 sousec1520 blad1524 dauda1572 bum1581 bump1611 bash1833 twat1974 c1330 (?c1300) Guy of Warwick (Auch.) l. 3709 So he gan his godes to cloute, Þat þe erþe dined aboute. c1410 Sir Cleges 264 I schall the clowght. 1551 Bible (Matthew's) 2 Sam. xxii. 39 (R.) I wasted them and so clouted them that they coulde not aryse. 1647 J. Howell New Vol. of Lett. 110 The late Queene of Spaine tooke off one of her chapines, and clowted Olivares about the noddle with it. c1665 L. Hutchinson Mem. Col. Hutchinson (1973) 155 Lett's clout them out of the field. 1784 New Spectator No. 20. 4/2 Quarrelling and offering to ‘clout’ any body that opposed their opinion. 1869 R. D. Blackmore Lorna Doone I. xi. 120 I longed to clout his ears for him. 8. To reap in a particular way; = bag v.² ΚΠ 1886 Encycl. Brit. XXI. 574/2 A heavy smooth-edged sickle is used for ‘bagging’ or ‘clouting’,—an operation in which the hook is struck against the straw, the left hand being used to gather and carry along the cut swath. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1891; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.¹a700n.²a1250v.?c1225
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cloutn.1

Compounds

cloutn.2

Compounds

cloutv.

cloutn.¹

cloutn.²