cloughn.

/klʌf/

/klaʊ/

Forms: Old English * clóh, Middle English cloȝ, Middle English– clough, (Middle English cloghe, clow, Middle English–1600s clowgh). plural Old English * clógas, Middle English cloȝes, cloughes, clous, Middle English–1500s clowes, cloes. modern dialect cluff, cloof, clufe, clow, cloo; also Sc. cleuch n.

Etymology: Represents an Old English *clóh, clóges, probably = Old High German klâh (Sievers). The Lancashire pronunciation cloof (compare enoof = enough ) has given rise to an erroneous notion that this word is related to Icelandic klofi or Dutch kloof ‘cleft, rift’, with which it cannot possibly have connection. The phonetic history and dialect forms clearly show that it is parallel to bough , enough , plough , tough , etc., < Old English -óh . That clóh existed in Old English is also shown by the numerous ancient proper names in Clough- , -clough , -cleuch . The parallel Old High German klâh in Klâhuelde (Foerstemann II. 371) confirms the view of the Rev. A. L. Mayhew ( Academy, 31 Aug., 7 & 21 Sept. 1889) that Old English *clóh represented an Old Germanic *klâh- < klanχo-, and thus stood in ablaut-relation to German klinge , Old High German chlingo , a clough (pre-Germanic root *glenk- ); compare hang n.

1. A ravine or valley with steep sides, usually forming the bed of a stream or torrent.

ΘΚΠ

the world > the earth > land > landscape > low land > valley > [noun] > gorge or ravine

cloughc1330

heugha1400

straitc1400

gillc1440

gulfa1533

gull1553

gap1555

coomb1578

gullet1600

nick1606

goyle1617

gully1637

nullah1656

ravine1687

barrancaa1691

kloof1731

ravin1746

water gap1756

gorge1769

arroyo1777

quebrada1787

rambla1789

flume1792

linn1799

cañada1814

gulch1832

cañon1834

canyon1837

khud1837

couloir1855

draw1864

box canyon1869

sitch1888

tangi1901

opena1903

c1330 (?a1300) Sir Tristrem (1886) l. 1761 Into a grisly clouȝ Þai and þat maiden ȝode.

a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 17590 Þir caitif Iuus, Sent in to clinttes and in to clous To seke iesu.

c1420 Anturs of Arth. xii Of poundes, of ploes..of cliffes, of cloes [other rhymes broes, groes = brows, grows].

c1440 York Myst. xv. 52 And kepis þis catell in þis cloghe.

1574 R. Robinson Rewarde of Wickednesse Prol. sig. B4^v In Hill, Dale, and Clowgh,..in smooth or in rough.

?c1600 (c1515) Sc. Field (Lyme) l. 393 in I. F. Baird Poems Stanley Family (D.Phil. thesis, Univ. of Birm.) (1990) 246 And killed them like catiffes in clowes all aboute.

1605 R. Verstegan Restit. Decayed Intelligence ix. 285 A clough or clowgh, is a kynd of breach or valey down a slope from the syde of a hill, where comonly shragges and trees do grow.

1674 J. Ray N. Countrey Words in Coll. Eng. Words 10 Clough, a Valley between two steep hills.

1813 J. Hogg Queen's Wake iii. xiv. 240 The day-sky glimmered on the dew... And lurked in heath and braken clough [= cleugh].

1834 W. H. Ainsworth Rookwood I. i. v. 118 Like a will-o'-the-wisp or a boggart of the clough.

1855 E. Waugh Sketches Lancs. Life (1857) 19 Descending into some quiet little clough.

1857 N. Hawthorne Jrnl. 20 Aug. in Eng. Notebks. (1997) II. vi. 362 There is a deep Clough, or dell.

1876 F. K. Robinson Gloss. Words Whitby Cleugh, or clufe, a rocky glen. Clufe-sled, the slope or slide of the chasm.

†2. Occasionally it seems to have been = ‘cliff’.

ΘΚΠ

the world > the earth > land > landscape > high land > cliff > [noun]

cliffOE

cleoa1300

cleevec1300

rochec1300

clougha1400

heugha1400

brackc1530

clift1567

perpendicular1604

precipice1607

precipe1615

precipit1623

abrupt1624

scar1673

bluff1687

rock wall1755

krantz1785

linn1799

scarp1802

scaur1805

escarpment1815

rock face1820

escarp1856

hag1868

glint1906

scarping1909

stone-cliff1912

ledra1942

a1400–50 Alexander 4863 Hoge hillis þam beforn, Cloȝes at was cloude, he clynterand torres.

?a1400 Morte Arth. 941 The kyng coveris þe cragge wyth cloughes fulle hye.

a1500 (?a1400) Sir Torrent of Portyngale (1887) l. 542 He herd the dragon, ther he lay Vndyr-nethe a clow [rhymes he drowe, swowe, i-nowe].

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1891; most recently modified version published online December 2021).

单词	clough
释义	cloughn. /klʌf//klaʊ/ Forms: Old English * clóh, Middle English cloȝ, Middle English– clough, (Middle English cloghe, clow, Middle English–1600s clowgh). plural Old English * clógas, Middle English cloȝes, cloughes, clous, Middle English–1500s clowes, cloes. modern dialect cluff, cloof, clufe, clow, cloo; also Sc. cleuch n. Etymology: Represents an Old English clóh, clóges, probably = Old High German klâh* (Sievers). The Lancashire pronunciation cloof (compare enoof = enough ) has given rise to an erroneous notion that this word is related to Icelandic klofi or Dutch kloof ‘cleft, rift’, with which it cannot possibly have connection. The phonetic history and dialect forms clearly show that it is parallel to bough , enough , plough , tough , etc., < Old English -óh . That clóh existed in Old English is also shown by the numerous ancient proper names in Clough- , -clough , -cleuch . The parallel Old High German klâh in Klâhuelde (Foerstemann II. 371) confirms the view of the Rev. A. L. Mayhew ( Academy, 31 Aug., 7 & 21 Sept. 1889) that Old English clóh represented an Old Germanic klâh- < klanχo-, and thus stood in ablaut-relation to German klinge , Old High German chlingo , a clough (pre-Germanic root glenk- ); compare hang n. 1. A ravine or valley with steep sides, usually forming the bed of a stream or torrent. ΘΚΠ the world > the earth > land > landscape > low land > valley > [noun] > gorge or ravine cloughc1330 heugha1400 straitc1400 gillc1440 gulfa1533 gull1553 gap1555 coomb1578 gullet1600 nick1606 goyle1617 gully1637 nullah1656 ravine1687 barrancaa1691 kloof1731 ravin1746 water gap1756 gorge1769 arroyo1777 quebrada1787 rambla1789 flume1792 linn1799 cañada1814 gulch1832 cañon1834 canyon1837 khud1837 couloir1855 draw1864 box canyon1869 sitch1888 tangi1901 opena1903 c1330 (?a1300) Sir Tristrem* (1886) l. 1761 Into a grisly clouȝ Þai and þat maiden ȝode. a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 17590 Þir caitif Iuus, Sent in to clinttes and in to clous To seke iesu. c1420 Anturs of Arth. xii Of poundes, of ploes..of cliffes, of cloes [other rhymes broes, groes = brows, grows]. c1440 York Myst. xv. 52 And kepis þis catell in þis cloghe. 1574 R. Robinson Rewarde of Wickednesse Prol. sig. B4^v In Hill, Dale, and Clowgh,..in smooth or in rough. ?c1600 (c1515) Sc. Field (Lyme) l. 393 in I. F. Baird Poems Stanley Family (D.Phil. thesis, Univ. of Birm.) (1990) 246 And killed them like catiffes in clowes all aboute. 1605 R. Verstegan Restit. Decayed Intelligence ix. 285 A clough or clowgh, is a kynd of breach or valey down a slope from the syde of a hill, where comonly shragges and trees do grow. 1674 J. Ray N. Countrey Words in Coll. Eng. Words 10 Clough, a Valley between two steep hills. 1813 J. Hogg Queen's Wake iii. xiv. 240 The day-sky glimmered on the dew... And lurked in heath and braken clough [= cleugh]. 1834 W. H. Ainsworth Rookwood I. i. v. 118 Like a will-o'-the-wisp or a boggart of the clough. 1855 E. Waugh Sketches Lancs. Life (1857) 19 Descending into some quiet little clough. 1857 N. Hawthorne Jrnl. 20 Aug. in Eng. Notebks. (1997) II. vi. 362 There is a deep Clough, or dell. 1876 F. K. Robinson Gloss. Words Whitby Cleugh, or clufe, a rocky glen. Clufe-sled, the slope or slide of the chasm. †2. Occasionally it seems to have been = ‘cliff’. ΘΚΠ the world > the earth > land > landscape > high land > cliff > [noun] cliffOE cleoa1300 cleevec1300 rochec1300 clougha1400 heugha1400 brackc1530 clift1567 perpendicular1604 precipice1607 precipe1615 precipit1623 abrupt1624 scar1673 bluff1687 rock wall1755 krantz1785 linn1799 scarp1802 scaur1805 escarpment1815 rock face1820 escarp1856 hag1868 glint1906 scarping1909 stone-cliff1912 ledra1942 a1400–50 Alexander 4863 Hoge hillis þam beforn, Cloȝes at was cloude, he clynterand torres. ?a1400 Morte Arth. 941 The kyng coveris þe cragge wyth cloughes fulle hye. a1500 (?a1400) Sir Torrent of Portyngale (1887) l. 542 He herd the dragon, ther he lay Vndyr-nethe a clow [rhymes he drowe, swowe, i-nowe]. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1891; most recently modified version published online December 2021). < n.c1330
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