aggravatedadj.

Brit.

/ˈaɡrəveɪtᵻd/, U.S.

/ˈæɡrəˌveɪdᵻd/

Forms: 1600s– aggravated, 1600s– aggrevated (now nonstandard).

Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: aggravate v., -ed suffix¹.

Etymology: < aggravate v. (compare forms at that entry) + -ed suffix¹.In quot. 1611 apparently after French †aggravanté (1611 in Cotgrave, or earlier).

1. Exasperated, incensed, irritated, provoked. Frequently in predicative use. Now chiefly colloquial.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > emotion > anger > irritation > [adjective]

annoyedc1330

crabbedc1480

provoked1538

chafing1539

nettledc1576

chafed1582

irritated1595

as mad as Ajax1598

aggravated1611

enchafeda1616

irritate1626

on or upon the fret1679

as mad as a wet hen1823

as mad as a meat axe1855

scotty1867

hacked1892

raggy1900

ratty1909

pipped1914

fucked-off1923

rubbed1927

eggy1935

broigus1937

salty1938

pissed1943

peed off1948

1611 R. Cotgrave Dict. French & Eng. Tongues Aggravanté, aggravated, exasperated.

1848 C. Dickens Dombey & Son lii. 516 ‘I'm very much obliged to you, Misses Brown,’ said the unfortunate youth, greatly aggravated.

1871 ‘M. Twain’ Screamers ii. 16 When he'd got the blues, and feel kind o' scruffy, aggravated, and disgusted..he would curl up..and go to sleep.

1891 T. N. Page Elsket 139 De jedge settin' up in he pulpit, lookin' mighty aggrevated.

1922 Boys' Life Dec. 14/1 He thought of everything possessively. One day an aggravated opponent of his mimicked him saying ‘Oh my!’ and in a fit of exasperation added ‘Oh miser!’

1956 F. Gipson Old Yeller 37 I was half aggravated with myself because I hadn't thought of it.

1987 R. Ingalls End of Trag. 97 If people are really silly all the time, it's too much like being with the kids. I start to get aggravated.

2004 N.Y. Mag. 14 June 101/3 The aggravated cops had called into the station and ran the license plates of the cars parked outside.

a. That is increased in gravity or seriousness: made worse or more grievous.

ΘΚΠ

the world > action or operation > manner of action > violent action or operation > severity > [adjective] > making more severe > made more severe

exasperated1611

aggravated1631

exacerbated1727

1631 R. Bolton Instr. Right Comf. Affl. Consciences 480 Hee may againe behold, with feare, and trembling, the extreme loathsomnesse, and aggravated guilt of His old abominable lusts.

1656 R. Baxter Gildas Salvianus: 1st Pt. v. 262 O what an aggravated misery is this, to perish in the midst of plenty!

1736 Bp. J. Butler Analogy of Relig. i. iii. 54 Circumstances of aggravated Guilt prevent, a Remission of the Penalties.

1810 R. Southey Curse of Kehama i. 6 For who could know What aggravated wrong Provok'd the desperate blow!

1827 Burke's Speech in Impeachm. W. Hastings, 30 May 1794 in Wks. (new ed.) XV. 161 It was at this crisis of aggravated insult and brutality, that the indignation, which these proceedings had occasioned in the breasts of the Rajah's subjects, burst out into an open flame.

1891 Ann. Univ. Med. Sci. 3 k59 An aggravated case of acne rosacea (rum-nose).

1922 Science 22 Sept. 341/2 The popular name of this chlorosis is ‘Sand Drown’, a term referring to the fact that the disease is likely to occur in aggravated form in the more sandy portions of the field after heavy rainfall.

1960 Jet 17 Nov. 48 Constant leg-crossing can cause pains in the back and thighs; an aggravated arthritis condition and, finally, irritated pelvic organs.

1996 F. Popcorn & L. Marigold Clicking ii. 287 Don't you sometimes think that any minute some explosion is going to occur as a result of aggravated restlessness?

b. Law. Of a criminal act: compounded by (an element of) a further offence, thereby incurring a stricter penalty; exacerbated in force or violence; esp. in aggravated assault, burglary, murder. Cf. also aggravated damages n. at Compounds.

ΘΚΠ

society > law > rule of law > lawlessness > [adjective] > types of crime generally

statutory1678

aggravated1726

incestuous1744

first degree1851

thrill hold-up1928

white-collar crime1964

arrestable1965

victimless1965

1726 D. Defoe Polit. Hist. Devil i. ix. 121 To commit Murder, nay, a Fratricide, an aggravated Murther.

1763 Proc. Old Bailey 12 Oct. 74/1 A continued course of aggravated robberies..more shocking to an honest mind than bludgeon, knife, or pistol.

1861 Act 24 & 25 Victoria c. 100. §43 The Assault or Battery is of such an aggravated Nature that it cannot..be sufficiently punished under the Provisions herein-before contained as to Common Assaults and Batteries.

1882 Act 45 & 46 Vict. c. 25. §35 ‘Aggravated act of violence against the person’ means, an assault which either causes actual bodily harm, or grievous bodily harm, or is committed with intent to cause grievous bodily harm.

1902 J. Conrad Heart of Darkness i, in Youth 57 It was just robbery with violence, aggravated murder.

1984 Miami Herald 27 Mar. 15A/1 All four had been convicted of aggravated rape and could have received life terms.

1992 R. Graef Living Dangerously viii. 184 My friend would have come to Sherborne House too but he's inside for Aggravated Burglary.

2009 N.Y. Rev. Bks. 19 Nov. 41/4 The eight crimes the FBI tracks to produce its annual crime index... are willful homicide, forcible rape, robbery, burglary, aggravated assault, larceny over $50, motor vehicle theft, and arson.

3. Without (or with little) negative connotation: that is increased in intensity or style, magnified; (also) exaggerated.

ΚΠ

1712 J. Hughes Spectator No. 537. ⁋2 Those burlesque Pictures, which the Italians call Caracatura's; where the Art consists in preserving, amidst distorted Proportions and aggravated Features, some distinguishing Likeness of the Person.

1744 J. Thomson Summer in Seasons (new ed.) 102 Follows the loosen'd, aggravated Roar, Enlarging, deepening, mingling.

1893 S. Grundy Sowing Wind i. 9 And what's a woman? An aggravated girl. When her head's full, it's worse than when its empty.

1929 E. A. Powell Last Home of Myst. xiv. 313 Their daughter, a flapper of the most aggravated type.

1966 M. M. Pegler Dict. Interior Design 245 The ‘gingerbread’ or ‘steamboat Gothic’, late Victorian period was jigsaw work in its most aggravated form.

2004 Vogue Living (Austral.) May 56 Art deco dominates—pure deco, aggravated deco, tropo deco, deco with religion and magic, with kitsch, modernism, gay iconography, thrift shop joy and good dogs—love those Airedales.

Compounds

aggravated damages n. Law damages awarded as compensation for humiliation, distress, or defamation.

ΚΠ

1770 Whole Proc. at Large by Richard Ld. Grosvenor 55 Does my learned friend not know..how disproportionate the funds of any subject in this kingdom are to such aggravated damages?

1801 Diss. Constit. Freedom Press U.S.A. 11 The publisher of any thing against the candidate, which in itself, is defamatory and scandalous, ought to be responsible; and heavy and aggravated damages ought to be given.

1874 Michigan Rep. 27 475 He would be cut off from all the aggravated damages allowed in cases of willful injury, and sometimes loosely called exemplary damages.

1972 Times 12 Feb. 16/8 There was no question of aggravated damages. They were assessed simply as though they resulted from a motor car accident.

2002 Independent 20 Apr. i. 9/4 His solicitor..said that legal history had been made because it was the first time an award had been granted for aggravated damages and injury to feelings in an unfair dismissal case.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2012; most recently modified version published online December 2021).

单词	aggravated
释义	aggravatedadj. Brit. /ˈaɡrəveɪtᵻd/, U.S. /ˈæɡrəˌveɪdᵻd/ Forms: 1600s– aggravated, 1600s– aggrevated (now nonstandard). Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: aggravate v., -ed suffix¹. Etymology: < aggravate v. (compare forms at that entry) + -ed suffix¹.In quot. 1611 apparently after French †aggravanté (1611 in Cotgrave, or earlier). 1. Exasperated, incensed, irritated, provoked. Frequently in predicative use. Now chiefly colloquial. ΘΚΠ the mind > emotion > anger > irritation > [adjective] annoyedc1330 crabbedc1480 provoked1538 chafing1539 nettledc1576 chafed1582 irritated1595 as mad as Ajax1598 aggravated1611 enchafeda1616 irritate1626 on or upon the fret1679 as mad as a wet hen1823 as mad as a meat axe1855 scotty1867 hacked1892 raggy1900 ratty1909 pipped1914 fucked-off1923 rubbed1927 eggy1935 broigus1937 salty1938 pissed1943 peed off1948 1611 R. Cotgrave Dict. French & Eng. Tongues Aggravanté, aggravated, exasperated. 1848 C. Dickens Dombey & Son lii. 516 ‘I'm very much obliged to you, Misses Brown,’ said the unfortunate youth, greatly aggravated. 1871 ‘M. Twain’ Screamers ii. 16 When he'd got the blues, and feel kind o' scruffy, aggravated, and disgusted..he would curl up..and go to sleep. 1891 T. N. Page Elsket 139 De jedge settin' up in he pulpit, lookin' mighty aggrevated. 1922 Boys' Life Dec. 14/1 He thought of everything possessively. One day an aggravated opponent of his mimicked him saying ‘Oh my!’ and in a fit of exasperation added ‘Oh miser!’ 1956 F. Gipson Old Yeller 37 I was half aggravated with myself because I hadn't thought of it. 1987 R. Ingalls End of Trag. 97 If people are really silly all the time, it's too much like being with the kids. I start to get aggravated. 2004 N.Y. Mag. 14 June 101/3 The aggravated cops had called into the station and ran the license plates of the cars parked outside. 2. a. That is increased in gravity or seriousness: made worse or more grievous. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > manner of action > violent action or operation > severity > [adjective] > making more severe > made more severe exasperated1611 aggravated1631 exacerbated1727 1631 R. Bolton Instr. Right Comf. Affl. Consciences 480 Hee may againe behold, with feare, and trembling, the extreme loathsomnesse, and aggravated guilt of His old abominable lusts. 1656 R. Baxter Gildas Salvianus: 1st Pt. v. 262 O what an aggravated misery is this, to perish in the midst of plenty! 1736 Bp. J. Butler Analogy of Relig. i. iii. 54 Circumstances of aggravated Guilt prevent, a Remission of the Penalties. 1810 R. Southey Curse of Kehama i. 6 For who could know What aggravated wrong Provok'd the desperate blow! 1827 Burke's Speech in Impeachm. W. Hastings, 30 May 1794 in Wks. (new ed.) XV. 161 It was at this crisis of aggravated insult and brutality, that the indignation, which these proceedings had occasioned in the breasts of the Rajah's subjects, burst out into an open flame. 1891 Ann. Univ. Med. Sci. 3 k59 An aggravated case of acne rosacea (rum-nose). 1922 Science 22 Sept. 341/2 The popular name of this chlorosis is ‘Sand Drown’, a term referring to the fact that the disease is likely to occur in aggravated form in the more sandy portions of the field after heavy rainfall. 1960 Jet 17 Nov. 48 Constant leg-crossing can cause pains in the back and thighs; an aggravated arthritis condition and, finally, irritated pelvic organs. 1996 F. Popcorn & L. Marigold Clicking ii. 287 Don't you sometimes think that any minute some explosion is going to occur as a result of aggravated restlessness? b. Law. Of a criminal act: compounded by (an element of) a further offence, thereby incurring a stricter penalty; exacerbated in force or violence; esp. in aggravated assault, burglary, murder. Cf. also aggravated damages n. at Compounds. ΘΚΠ society > law > rule of law > lawlessness > [adjective] > types of crime generally statutory1678 aggravated1726 incestuous1744 first degree1851 thrill hold-up1928 white-collar crime1964 arrestable1965 victimless1965 1726 D. Defoe Polit. Hist. Devil i. ix. 121 To commit Murder, nay, a Fratricide, an aggravated Murther. 1763 Proc. Old Bailey 12 Oct. 74/1 A continued course of aggravated robberies..more shocking to an honest mind than bludgeon, knife, or pistol. 1861 Act 24 & 25 Victoria c. 100. §43 The Assault or Battery is of such an aggravated Nature that it cannot..be sufficiently punished under the Provisions herein-before contained as to Common Assaults and Batteries. 1882 Act 45 & 46 Vict. c. 25. §35 ‘Aggravated act of violence against the person’ means, an assault which either causes actual bodily harm, or grievous bodily harm, or is committed with intent to cause grievous bodily harm. 1902 J. Conrad Heart of Darkness i, in Youth 57 It was just robbery with violence, aggravated murder. 1984 Miami Herald 27 Mar. 15A/1 All four had been convicted of aggravated rape and could have received life terms. 1992 R. Graef Living Dangerously viii. 184 My friend would have come to Sherborne House too but he's inside for Aggravated Burglary. 2009 N.Y. Rev. Bks. 19 Nov. 41/4 The eight crimes the FBI tracks to produce its annual crime index... are willful homicide, forcible rape, robbery, burglary, aggravated assault, larceny over $50, motor vehicle theft, and arson. 3. Without (or with little) negative connotation: that is increased in intensity or style, magnified; (also) exaggerated. ΚΠ 1712 J. Hughes Spectator No. 537. ⁋2 Those burlesque Pictures, which the Italians call Caracatura's; where the Art consists in preserving, amidst distorted Proportions and aggravated Features, some distinguishing Likeness of the Person. 1744 J. Thomson Summer in Seasons (new ed.) 102 Follows the loosen'd, aggravated Roar, Enlarging, deepening, mingling. 1893 S. Grundy Sowing Wind i. 9 And what's a woman? An aggravated girl. When her head's full, it's worse than when its empty. 1929 E. A. Powell Last Home of Myst. xiv. 313 Their daughter, a flapper of the most aggravated type. 1966 M. M. Pegler Dict. Interior Design 245 The ‘gingerbread’ or ‘steamboat Gothic’, late Victorian period was jigsaw work in its most aggravated form. 2004 Vogue Living (Austral.) May 56 Art deco dominates—pure deco, aggravated deco, tropo deco, deco with religion and magic, with kitsch, modernism, gay iconography, thrift shop joy and good dogs—love those Airedales. Compounds aggravated damages n. Law damages awarded as compensation for humiliation, distress, or defamation. ΚΠ 1770 Whole Proc. at Large by Richard Ld. Grosvenor 55 Does my learned friend not know..how disproportionate the funds of any subject in this kingdom are to such aggravated damages? 1801 Diss. Constit. Freedom Press U.S.A. 11 The publisher of any thing against the candidate, which in itself, is defamatory and scandalous, ought to be responsible; and heavy and aggravated damages ought to be given. 1874 Michigan Rep. 27 475 He would be cut off from all the aggravated damages allowed in cases of willful injury, and sometimes loosely called exemplary damages. 1972 Times 12 Feb. 16/8 There was no question of aggravated damages. They were assessed simply as though they resulted from a motor car accident. 2002 Independent 20 Apr. i. 9/4 His solicitor..said that legal history had been made because it was the first time an award had been granted for aggravated damages and injury to feelings in an unfair dismissal case. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2012; most recently modified version published online December 2021). < adj.1611
随便看	pay at the stub pay attention or one's attention to pay award pay away pay back pay bargaining pay bill pay boarder pay both scot and lot pay both scot and scot pay both scot and to pay lot pay bridge pay cable pay car pay channel peg cutter peg doll peg float peg hole peg house peg in the ring peg it peg ladder peg leg peg maker