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单词 cob
释义

cobn.1

Brit. /kɒb/, U.S. /kɑb/
Forms: Also Middle English–1500s cobbe.
Etymology: Used in a number of senses having but little apparent connection with each other, and possibly of diverse origin. The notions may be roughly distinguished of ‘something big or stout’, ‘something rounded or forming a roundish lump’, ‘a head or top’; but these are intricately interwoven in individual senses. Thus cob = ‘cob-nut’, can hardly be separated from the notion of ‘stout or big nut’ on the one hand, or from that of ‘fruit stone’ on the other. So sense 1 appears sometimes to mean ‘man at the top’. It has been suggested that ‘rounded head’ is the radical notion, and that cob is a variant of cop n.1; but the history of the latter does not favour this. In some of the senses under II., cobble, cobyll, was an earlier equivalent, but these senses are closely connected with others which have no equivalents in cobble.
I. Containing the notion ‘big’ or ‘stout’.
1.
a. A great man, big man, leading man; in modern dialect expressing pre-eminence, as ‘chief’, ‘leader’, rather than state. (In the later use, the notion of ‘head’, ‘top’, may have entered in.)
ΘΚΠ
the mind > attention and judgement > importance > [noun] > one who is important > one who has leading position or is most important
firstc1275
coba1420
principalsa1425
cock1542
chief1569
colossus1605
primore1625
cape1650
sachem1684
leading light1707
high priest1737
king bee1792
gentleman, man of lead1793
queen bee1823
primo basso1826
spokesman1828
protagonist1837
kingpin1861
key man1895
headliner1896
big boy1921
numero uno1944
godfather1963
a1420 T. Hoccleve De Regimine Principum 101 Mayntenaunce..Sustenede is not by persones lowe; But cobbes grete this ryot sustene.
1535 in State Papers Henry VIII (1834) II. 228 Ther must be some of the gret cobbes served likewise, and the King to have ther landes.
1560 J. Daus tr. J. Sleidane Commentaries f. cxix Al the sorte of them occupie waxe, the poorer sorte, as I haue now tolde you, but the greatter cobbes, in sealyng their letters.
1570 J. Foxe Actes & Monumentes (rev. ed.) II. 951/2 The greatest cobbes were yet behind.
1826 in W. Hone Every-day Bk. (1827) II. 769 For fishing and shuting he was the cob of all this country!
1869 J. C. Atkinson Peacock's Gloss. Dial. Hundred of Lonsdale Cob, leader or fighter, the bully or best fighter in a parish or school.
1884 R. Holland Gloss. Words County of Chester (1886) Cob is also a leader: ‘This boy will be always cob’ = what is called at school ‘cock of the school’. Sometimes pronounced cop.
†b. A wealthy man; a miser. Obsolete.
ΘΠ
the mind > possession > wealth > [noun] > rich or wealthy person
rich manOE
richOE
Divesc1386
richlingc1445
stuffed manc1460
cob1548
wealthling1581
tercel-gentle1597
good liver1602
goldfinch1603
fill-sack1641
dorado1643
wealth-monger1654
a man, etc. of fortune1732
nabob1760
nawab1826
rico1844
abounder1876
high roller1876
fat cat1928
richie1954
wealth-holder1957
jet-setter1959
the mind > possession > retaining > niggardliness or meanness > [noun] > niggard or mean person > miser or hoarder of wealth
chinch?a1300
wretch1303
chincher1333
muckererc1390
mokerarda1400
muglard1440
gatherer?a1513
hoarder?a1513
warner1513
hardhead1519
snudge1545
cob1548
snidge1548
muckmonger1566
mucker1567
miser?1577
scrape-penny1584
money-miser1586
gromwell-gainer1588
muckscrape1589
muckworm1598
scrib1600
muckraker1601
morkin-gnoff1602
scrape-scall1602
incubo1607
accumulator1611
gripe-money1611
scrape-good1611
silver-hider1611
gripe1621
scrapeling1629
clutch1630
scrape-pelfa1640
volpone1672
spare-penny1707
save-all1729
bagger1740
spare-thrift1803
money-codger1818
hunger-rot1828
muckrake1850
muckthrift1852
gripe-penny1860
hugger-mugger1862
Scrooge1940
1548 W. Forrest Pleasaunt Poesye 111 in T. Starkey Eng. in Reign King Henry VIII (1878) i. p. lxxxviii That wone clubbed cobbe shoulde not so encroche An hundred mennys lyuynges.
1548 N. Udall et al. tr. Erasmus Paraphr. Newe Test. I. Luke v. f. 68v The rich cobs of this worlde.
1583 P. Stubbes Second Pt. Anat. Abuses sig. E2 I would not haue a few rich cobs to get into their clowches almost whole countries.
1681 W. Robertson Phraseologia generalis (1693) 342 A rich Cob or miser, homo locuples & avarus.
†c. A huge, lumpish person. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
the world > life > the body > bodily height > tallness > [noun] > and broadness > person
giant1559
Hercules1567
Gogmagogc1580
cob1582
Gargantuist1593
hulk1600
rhinoceros1602
colossus1605
pompiona1616
lump1630
strapper1675
man-mountain1726
Brobdingnagian1728
grenadier1805
butt-cut1806
gorilla1884
King Kong1933
hunk1941
1582 R. Stanyhurst tr. Virgil First Foure Bookes Æneis iii. 62 When the cob had maunged the gobets foule garbaged haulfe quick.
2. A male swan; also cob-swan.
ΘΚΠ
the world > animals > birds > freshwater birds > order Anseriformes (geese, etc.) > subfamily Cyginae (swans) > [noun] > member of genus Cygnus (miscellaneous) > cygnus olor (common swan) > male
cob1570
1570 Order for Swans in W. Hone Every-day Bk. (1827) II. 962 Till due proofe be had..whose was the Swan, that is away; Be it Cobbe or Pen.
1611 B. Jonson Catiline ii. sig. D4 I'am not taken With a Cob-Swan, or a high-mounting Bull, As foolish Leda, and Europa were. View more context for this quotation
a1642 H. Best Farming & Memorandum Bks. (1984) 129 The hee swanne is called the Cobbe, and the shee-swanne the penne.
1840 R. Browning Sordello ii. 320 Out-soar them, cobswan of the silver flock! Sing well!
†3. The name of a fish: see quots. Obsolete.The sense ‘young herring’ given in modern dictionaries is perhaps a misinterpretation of sense 8.
ΚΠ
1611 J. Florio Queen Anna's New World of Words Bozzolo..a fish called a millers thomb or a cob.
1655 T. Moffett & C. Bennet Healths Improvem. xix. 181 Kobs or Sea-gudgins.
1787 F. Grose Provinc. Gloss. Cobbo, a small fish called a miller's-thumb.
a1804 J. Boucher MS. Dict. A small fish (the Miller's Thumb) is in Kent called Cobbo.]
4. A short-legged, stout variety of horse, usually ridden by heavy persons. [Said by some to be short for cob-horse: see first quots.]
ΘΚΠ
the world > animals > mammals > group Ungulata (hoofed) > family Equidae (general equines) > horse defined by breed > [noun] > miscellaneous breeds
Frison?a1400
jennet1463
garron1540
Galloway1598
ghoonta1613
Goonhilly1640
forester1712
yabu1753
Highland pony1768
Narragansett pacer1777
Suffolk punch1784
Nubian1790
Cleveland bay1796
cob1818
Conestoga1824
marsh tacky1826
Narragansett1826
Russian pony1829
Clydesdale1831
Turkoman1831
Morgan1841
tarpan1841
Waler1849
Percheron1855
Canuck1860
Anglo-Arabian1864
Anglo-Arab1869
Belgium1878
Palouse1881
standardbred1888
Belgium draught horse1889
saddlebred1891
Timor pony1895
Haflinger1899
Argentine1901
Belgian1907
palomino1914
Appaloosa1924
Trakehner1926
Lipizzaner1928
Tennessee walking horse1938
Bhotia1939
cremello1944
Akhal-Teke1947
Palouse horse1947
Tennessee walker1960
Falabella1977
1818 H. J. Todd Johnson's Dict. Eng. Lang. Cob, a horse not castrated. In our northern dialect, cob is a testicle.
1818 H. J. Todd Johnson's Dict. Eng. Lang. Suppl. It is used also generally for a strong pony.
1818–36 Richardson Cob, anything round, a round stone. A cob, a horse who has his cobs.
a1839 W. M. Praed Poems (1864) II. 201 If he comes to you riding a cob.
1841 C. Dickens Barnaby Rudge x. 289 He was well-mounted upon a sturdy chesnut cob.
1852 R. S. Surtees Mr. Sponge's Sporting Tour iii. xiv. 72 That's not a bad-like old cob of yours.
1863 J. C. Morton Cycl. Agric. (new ed.) II. (Gloss.) 721/3 Cob, a compact punchy horse.
II. Containing the notion ‘rounded’, ‘roundish mass’ or ‘lump’.
5. Applied to various rounded solid bodies. In some of these cobyl, cobble occurs in earlier use.
a. = cob-nut n. (in 15th cent. cobyll-nut).
ΘΚΠ
the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > particular food plant or plant product > edible nuts or nut-trees > [noun] > hazel-nut
hazelnuteOE
Avellana1398
filberta1400
bannuta1500
cob-nut1574
cob1589
hazel1601
Pontic nut1601
stock-nut1833
Barcelona nut1851
noisette1970
the world > food and drink > food > fruit and vegetables > fruit or a fruit > nut > [noun] > hazel-nut
hazelnuteOE
Avellana1398
filberta1400
cob-nut1574
cob1589
1589 R. Greene Menaphon sig. K3v Sit downe Carmela here are cubbs for kings, Slowes blacke as ieat.
1836 J. C. Loudon Encycl. Plants (rev. ed.) 792 Corylus..grandis, Cob.
1885 Pall Mall Gaz. 20 Oct. 4 What better place than here to sit and eat our filberts and cobs?
b. The stone of a fruit (in 15th cent. cobyll-stone).
Π
a1825 R. Forby Vocab. E. Anglia (1830) Cob..the stony kernel of fruit.
1877 E. Peacock Gloss. Words Manley & Corringham, Lincs. Cob, the stone of fruit.
1886 R. E. G. Cole Gloss. Words S.-W. Lincs. Cob, the stone of any fruit: ‘Don't swallow the cobs’.
c. A testicle. dialect.
ΚΠ
1818-36 [see sense 4].
1847–78 J. O. Halliwell Dict. Archaic & Provinc. Words Cobbs, testiculi. North.
d. ‘Cobs are also round Balls, or Pellets with which Fowls are usually crammed’ (Kersey 1708).
6. Applied to various rounded heaps.
a. A small stack of hay or corn. dialect.
ΚΠ
1616 G. Markham tr. C. Estienne et al. Maison Rustique (rev. ed.) vii. i. 645 To haue euery Winter in your Warren a little cob or stacke of hay.
1847–78 J. O. Halliwell Dict. Archaic & Provinc. Words Cob, a small hay-stack. Oxon.
1886 R. E. G. Cole Gloss. Words S.-W. Lincs. Cob, a small stack or heap of corn: ‘They've no-but two wheat stacks and a little cob’.
b. A bunch or knot of hair; a chignon.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > attention and judgement > beautification > beautification of the person > beautification of the hair > styles of hair > [noun] > coil or knot of hair
bob1688
chignon1783
puff1839
krobylos1850
cadogan1852
waterfall1859
cob1865
roly-poly1866
Grecian coil1874
Psyche knot1874
catogan1885
coil1888
pouf1893
bun1894
French roll1910
neck-roll1920
Grecian knot1931
1865 Pall Mall Gaz. 10 July 10/2 A gentleman parading Rotten-row with a lady's hair ‘cob’, which he had picked up and stuck at the end of his stick.
1880 M. A. Courtney W. Cornwall Words in M. A. Courtney & T. Q. Couch Gloss. Words Cornwall 13/1 Cob, a bunch of hair on the forehead; often applied to the top locks of a horse's mane.
c. A small heap or lump of (anything). dialect.
ΚΠ
1876 R. D. Blackmore Cripps III. xvii. 278 Stealing half the meat and all the little cobs of jelly.
1887 T. Darlington Folk-speech S. Cheshire Cob, a small heap or lump; e.g., ‘a cob o' dirt’.
7. Applied to various roundish or lumpy pieces: ‘something round, as a cob of coal, a cob of bread’ ( Lanc. Gloss.). dialect.
Thesaurus »
Categories »
a. A small loaf of roundish form, a cob-loaf.
b. See also quots. 1877 at sense 5b, 1888.
ΚΠ
1609Cob-loaf [see cob-loaf n. at Compounds 2]. 1617Cob-loaf [see cob-loaf n. at Compounds 2].
1869 J. C. Atkinson Peacock's Gloss. Dial. Hundred of Lonsdale Cob, a small round loaf, a lump or piece.
1877 Archæol. XLV. 180 The cob was a cracknel made of fine flour.
1887 T. Darlington Folk-speech S. Cheshire Cob,..(2) a small loaf... ‘Bring me a cob o' bread’.
1888 S. O. Addy Gloss. Words Sheffield Cob, a cake of bread.
c. A lump or large piece of coal (cf. cobble n.1).
ΘΚΠ
society > occupation and work > materials > fuel > coal or types of coal > [noun] > individual pieces
panel1747
knablick1757
coba1804
setter1849
pearl1901
turnel1905
a1804Cob-coal [see cob-coal n. at Compounds 2].
1865 S. Bamford Wild Rider in Harland Lanc. Lyrics 15 A broody hen crow'd from her perch on a cob.
1865 E. Waugh in Harland Ballads Lanc. (1875) 372 Aw've just mended th' fire wi' a cob.
1884 R. Holland Gloss. Words County of Chester (1886) Cob or cobble, a lump of coal.
d. dialect. A (baked apple) dumpling.
ΘΚΠ
the world > food and drink > food > dishes and prepared food > puddings > [noun] > dumplings
dumpling1600
Norfolk dumpling1600
macaroni1616
doughboy1685
pot-ball1688
potato dumpling1765
fungee1789
hop-about1820
knödel1827
johnnycake1831
dough ball1836
Salzburger nockerl1855
pierogi1863
gnocchi1891
cob1898
matzo ball1902
knaidel1903
pizzelle1912
knish1916
mandlen1944
shumai1951
nockerl1954
potsticker1963
the world > food and drink > food > dishes and prepared food > prepared fruit and dishes > [noun] > apple dishes
apple-moyse1381
apple frittera1475
hot codlings?1610
flapjack1620
baked apple1621
apple pudding1708
black cap1710
pan pie1723
flap-apple1750
charlotte1796
hop-about1820
biffin1822
apple dowdy1823
pandowdy1833
apple charlotte1842
apple snow1846
apple strudel1850
apple hogling1880
apple amber1889
cob1898
apple crumble1947
1898 in Eng. Dial. Dict.
1952 F. White Good Eng. Food v. i. 188 Apple cobs..the name given in the Cotswolds to baked apple dumplings.
1960 Guardian 17 June 8/4 In Somerset this kind of baked dumpling is known as an Apple Cob.
III. With the notion ‘head’, ‘top’.
†8. The head of a (red) herring. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
the world > animals > fish > class Osteichthyes or Teleostomi > subclass Actinopterygii > order Clupeiformes > [noun] > family Clupeidae and herrings > member of > parts of
cob1594
herringbone1652
1594 T. Nashe Vnfortunate Traveller sig. B Lord high regent of rashers of the coles and red herring cobs.
1599 T. Nashe Lenten Stuffe 59 Not a scrap..but the cobs of the two Herrings the Fisherman had eaten remained of him.
1601 B. Jonson Every Man in his Humor i. iii. sig. Cv Cob: I doe fetch my pedegree and name from the first redde herring that was eaten in Adam, & Eues kitchin: his Cob was my great, great, mighty great grandfather. View more context for this quotation
1603 C. Heydon Def. Iudiciall Astrol. xx. 405 He will not admit a stone to shine. And why not as wel as a peice of rotten wood, or a hearings cobbe in the darke?
1630 T. Dekker Second Pt. Honest Whore iv. i. 159 He can come bragging hither with foure white Herrings (at's taile)..but I may starue ere he giue me so much as a cob.
1632 R. Sherwood Dict. in R. Cotgrave Dict. French & Eng. Tongues (new ed.) (at Cob) A herring cob, la teste d'un harang sor.
9. See quot. 1888 dialect (perhaps a local form of cop.)
ΚΠ
1888 S. O. Addy Gloss. Words Sheffield Cob, the top, e.g. ‘the cob of the hill’.
10. The seeding head of wheat, clover, etc. dialect.
ΚΠ
1847–78 J. O. Halliwell Dict. Archaic & Provinc. Words Cob-poke, a bag carried by gleaners for receiving the cobs or broken ears of wheat.
1863 J. C. Morton Cycl. Agric. (new ed.) II. (Gloss.) 721/3 Cob,..the seed head of clover.
11. The cylindrical shoot or rachis on which the grains of maize grow.
ΘΚΠ
the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > particular food plant or plant product > cereal, corn, or grain > [noun] > maize > head, cob, ear, or inflorescence
tassel1646
roasting ear1651
nubbin1692
grappe1693
cob1702
corn-cob1787
spike1800
ear leaf1835
maize ear1855
tucket1874
ear bud1901
1702 C. Mather Magnalia Christi vi. vii. 69/1 In the year 1683 the House of Nicholas Desborough..was very strangely molested by Stones, by pieces of Earth, by Cobs of Indian Corn.
1818 W. Cobbett Year's Resid. U.S.A. i. i. 18 The grains..are placed all round the stalk, which goes up the middle, and this little stalk, to which the seeds adhere, is called the Corn Cob.
1850 C. Lyell 2nd Visit U.S. (ed. 2) II. 72 Mills in which the grain, cob, and husk were all ground up together for the cattle and hogs.
1866 D. Livingstone Jrnl. (1873) I. iii. 81 One cob had 1600 seeds.

Compounds

C1. General attributive.
cob-mounted adj. (from 4.)
Π
1879 ‘G. Eliot’ Theophrastus Such ii. 41 Riding by the side of a larger cob-mounted shadow.
C2.
cob-coal n. (see 7c).
Π
a1804 J. Boucher MS. Dict. In the North large coals are generally called Cob-coals.
1869 J. C. Atkinson Peacock's Gloss. Dial. Hundred of Lonsdale Cob-coals, large pit-coals.
cob-fly n. name of a kind of angling fly (see quot.).
ΘΚΠ
the world > food and drink > hunting > fishing > fishing-tackle > means of attracting fish > [noun] > real or imitation flies
stone-flya1450
ant-fly1653
hawthorn-fly1653
mayfly1653
oak fly1653
wall-fly1653
pismire-fly1670
cow-lady1676
mayfly1676
owl fly1676
brown1681
cow-turd-fly1684
trout-fly1746
orl fly1747
hazel fly?1758
iron-blue fly?1758
red spinner?1758
Welshman's button?1758
buzz1760
Yellow Sally1766
ash-fly1787
black caterpillar1787
cow-dung fly1787
sharn-fly1787
spinner1787
woodcock-fly1787
huzzard1799
knop-fly1799
mackerel1799
watchet1799
iron blue1826
knob fly1829
mackerel fly1829
March brown1837
cinnamon fly1867
quill gnat1867
sedge-fly1867
cob-fly1870
woodcock wing1888
sedge1889
olive1895
quill1899
nymph1910
green weenie1977
Montana1987
1870 Blaine's Encycl. Rural Sports (rev. ed.) 1205 The March-brown of Mr. Hofland, better known here [i.e. in Wales] as the cob-fly.
cob-handle n. a round wooden handle for tools.
ΘΠ
society > occupation and work > equipment > tool > parts of tools generally > [noun] > handle > round
bail1463
bulle1483
boul1560
bow1611
loop1691
button1780
cob-handle1873
swing-handle1891
flush ring1961
1873 J. Richards On Arrangem. Wood-working Factories 113 To go into a wood~shop and find a job bench containing three or four files with the tips broken off, a cob handle to be used between them..at once indicates the character of the establishment.
cob-house n. originally U.S. a house built by children out of corn-cobs, hence applied figuratively to any insecure or unsubstantial scheme, etc.
ΚΠ
1774 J. Belknap in J. Marcou Life (1847) 68 They have a neat poultry house, built of sawed strips of wood, in the form of a cob-house.
1818 M. Birkbeck Lett. from Illinois 116 In this country they build ‘cob-houses’;..with these cobs..structures are raised by the little half-Indian brats, very much like our houses of cards.
1834 Deb. Congress 26 Feb. 736 With the first shock in the commerce or credit of the country, the whole cob-house fabric must crumble.
1858 E. E. Hale in Atlantic Monthly Oct. 634/2 The child had been building cob-houses out of lucifer-matches in a paper-warehouse.
1881 Harper's Mag. Nov. 824 George builds a cob-house.
† cob-knight n. Obsolete (see quot.).
Π
a1652 R. Brome Damoiselle i. i, in Five New Playes (1653) Ali. How came he by his Knighthood? Cost it nothing? Ver. No: He was one oth' Cobbe-Knights in the throng, When they were dubd in Clusters.
cob-loaf n. (see quot. 1617).
ΘΚΠ
the world > food and drink > food > dishes and prepared food > bread > loaf > [noun] > small loaf
nacket1596
bapc1600
cob-loaf1609
cob1869
loaflet1876
1609 W. Shakespeare Troilus & Cressida ii. i. 38 Ther. Thou shouldst strike him. Aiax Coblofe . View more context for this quotation
1617 J. Minsheu Ἡγεμὼν είς τὰς γλῶσσας: Ductor in Linguas Cobloafe or bunne..is a little loafe made with a round head.
1647 New Quaeres to Praelates 15 Limping and dancing..like Mummers about a cobloafe.
a1697 J. Aubrey Wiltshire (1862) 8 Here in the Halls were the Mummings, cob-loaf stealing, and great number of old Xtmas plaies performed.
1877 Archæol. XLV. 180 120 cob loaves, each of 12 oz.
cob-meal n. U.S. corn-cobs ground down.
ΚΠ
1833 Amer. Railroad Jrnl. 2 488/2 I have also made further discovery of the use of cob meal.
1869 Ann. Rep. Commissioner Agric. 1868 439 in U.S. Congress. Serial Set (40th Congr., 3rd Sess.: House of Representatives Executive Doc.) XV Poor pastures, poor meadows, hay, and a few shorts or cob-meal.
1883 26th Ann. Rep. Maine Board Agric. 1882 255 Cob meal or middlings might be substituted for clear corn meal.
cob-mill n. (see quot.)
Π
1859 J. R. Bartlett Dict. Americanisms (ed. 2) Corn and cob mill, a mill for grinding the entire ear of Indian corn.
cob-pipe n. a tobacco pipe made from a corn-cob.
ΚΠ
1847 in D. Drake Pioneer Life Kentucky (1870) iii. 63 Quietly smoking a cob pipe in the corner.
1884 ‘C. E. Craddock’ In Tennessee Mts. i. i. 16 She sat down..and pulled deliberately at her long cob-pipe.
1897 J. L. Allen Choir Invisible (1918) viii. 70 Taking a short cob pipe out of his mouth.
cob-worm n. Scottish the larva of the cockchafer.
ΚΠ
1791–9 Statist. Acc. Fife XIII. 29 (Jam.) Upon opening up their stomachs, he found them quite full of cobworms.

Derivatives

cob-like adj.
Π
1888 Pall Mall Gaz. 19 Sept. 2/1 Short cob~like coolies, dressed only in shirt and drawers of blue cotton.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1891; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

cobn.2

Brit. /kɒb/, U.S. /kɑb/
Etymology: Examples known since c1600. The explanation ‘lump of clay’ given by Cope, Gloss. Hampshire Words, would tend to identify this with cob n.1 6c; but this is otherwise improbable.
A composition of clay (marl, or chalk), gravel, and straw, used, esp. in the south-west of England, for building walls, etc.
ΘΠ
society > occupation and work > materials > derived or manufactured material > clay compositions > [noun] > with gravel
cob1602
pisé1797
vermin puddle1850
terre pisée1936
1602 R. Carew Surv. Cornwall i. f. 53 The poore Cotager contenteth himselfe with Cob for his wals, and Thatch for his couering.
1602 R. Carew Surv. Cornwall ii. f. 104v The flood-gate will hold water best, if his sides bee walled vp with Cob.
1797 R. Polwhele Hist. Devonshire I. 301 The inferior houses in Devon and Cornwall were built with mud, which was called cob.
1882 T. Mozley Reminisc. Oriel I. ix. 72 Finding chalk cob the common material of the country.
1889 T. N. Brushfield in Trans. Devonshire Assoc. 21 323 The walls are of cob..and rest on a stone foundation.

Compounds

attributive and in other combinations, as cob cottage, cob house, cob wall (sometimes unnecessarily hyphenated); cob-walled adj.; cob-parer n. a tool used in building cob walls.
ΘΚΠ
society > occupation and work > industry > building or constructing > building or providing with specific parts > specific parts built or constructed > [noun] > wall > types of
mud walla1395
ground-wall1712
retaining wall1771
cob wall1790
wing-wall1791
honeycomb wall1850
toe wall1934
society > occupation and work > industry > building or constructing > building or providing with specific parts > specific parts built or constructed > [adjective] > of the nature of a wall > types of wall > having specific type of wall
cob-walled1820
slab-walled1845
society > occupation and work > equipment > building and constructing equipment > [noun] > walling equipment
lathing staff1577
cob-parer1833
wall-crook1869
1790 ‘P. Pindar’ Rowland for Oliver 6 Make a fortune by a history of cobwalls, old chamber-pots, and rusty nails.
1808 C. Vancouver Gen. View Agric. Devon ix. 235 However coarse and unseemly the cobwalls appear..they seldom fail to afford..considerable quantities of highly flavoured wall-fruit.
1820 C. S. Gilbert Antiq. Cornwall 936 The houses in general, are cobwalled buildings.
1833 J. C. Loudon Encycl. Cottage Archit. 417 The cob-parer is made of iron.
1859 H. Kingsley Recoll. G. Hamlyn vi The main village..consisted of a narrow street of cob-houses white-washed and thatched.
1870 W. Thornbury Tour Eng. I. vii. 137 Homely cob walls square out the pastures.
1876 M. E. Braddon Joshua Haggard's Daughter I. v. 141 Hymns which compared the cob-walled barn to the gorgeous temple in the sacred city.
1889 Temple Bar Aug. 577 A red cob cottage.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1891; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

cobcobbn.3

Brit. /kɒb/, U.S. /kɑb/
Etymology: Identical with East Frisian kobbe, sê-kobbe, Heligoland kobb, New Frisian kub, Dutch kobbe, kob, with same meaning. Etymology, and possible connection with cob in other senses, unknown.
A name given to species of Gull, esp. the Greater Black-backed Gull ( Larus marinus), and Common Gull ( L. canus); also called sea-cob(b.
ΘΚΠ
the world > animals > birds > order Charadriiformes > family Laridae (gulls and terns) > [noun] > member of genus Larus (gull) > larus canus (common gull)
meweOE
larea1425
sea-mawc1425
seamewc1430
mow1440
maw?a1513
sea-cob1530
camose1542
seagull1542
cob1574
mevy1616
sea-pigeon1620
tarrock1674
sea-mall1676
sea-moit1681
gor1697
seed bird1791
the world > animals > birds > order Charadriiformes > family Laridae (gulls and terns) > [noun] > member of genus Larus (gull) > larus marinus (blackback)
swartbacka1525
gull-mawc1550
cob1574
blackback1676
wagel1676
saddleback1770
blackback gull1783
swabie1821
parson gull1849
minister1925
1574 J. Baret Aluearie C 683 A sea Cobbe. Gauia alba.
1607 J. Norden Surueyors Dialogue 206 I haue seene vpon these grounds, store of Pewets, Oliues, and Cobbes breed.
1610 W. Folkingham Feudigraphia iv. iii. 83 Fowling may be for the Sheldrake, Cob, Oliue, Puffin.
1655 T. Moffett & C. Bennet Healths Improvem. xii. 109 Sea-mews and Sea-cobs feed upon garbage and fish.
1725 N. Bailey tr. Erasmus All Familiar Colloquies 285 Wherever I find an hungry Sea-cob, I throw him out a Bait.
1885 C. Swainson Provinc. Names Brit. Birds 208 L. marinus..also called Cobb (Essex, Kent, N. Devon, Wales, Galway). L. canus, Cobb or Sea Cobb (Kent, Essex, Suffolk, Norfolk).
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1891; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

† cobn.4

Etymology: Very rare as a separate word, and, in this form, probably taken < cobweb n., Middle English coppe-web : compare cop n.3 But compare modern Flemish cobbe, coppe, Westphalian cobbe, spider.
Obsolete.
A spider.
ΘΚΠ
the world > animals > invertebrates > phylum Arthropoda > class Arachnida > [noun] > order Aranea > member of (spider)
lopc888
attercopc1000
lobc1000
spinnerc1220
araina1300
spider1340
yraync1384
copa1400
spincop1474
copspin1484
ettercapa1525
web-weaver1534
spinster1636
cob1657
weaver1825
araneidan1835
Meggie-lickie-spinnie1849
silk-spinner1868
orbitele1890
1657 R. Tomlinson tr. J. de Renou Medicinal Materials iii, in Medicinal Dispensatory sig. Mmm3v They [sc. ants] hunt not after smaller animals, like Cobs, but degust them when dead.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1891; most recently modified version published online March 2021).

cobn.5

Brit. /kɒb/, U.S. /kɑb/
Etymology: perhaps identical with cob n.1 1, as the biggest silver coin.
A name given in the 17th and 18th centuries in Ireland, and subsequently in some British colonies and possessions, to the Spanish dollar or ‘piece of eight’.
ΘΚΠ
society > trade and finance > money > medium of exchange or currency > coins collective > foreign coins > [noun] > Spanish coins > silver > Spanish dollar
royal of plate1559
piastre1592
rial of eight1598
piece of eight1606
royal of eight1606
real of eight1612
rial1640
plate-piece of eight1680
cob1681
cross-dollar1689
duro1777
1681 T. Dineley Jrnl. Tour Ireland in Trans. Kilkenny Archæol. Soc. 2nd Ser. 2 55 The most usual money..is Spanish Coyne knowne here by the name of a cob, an half cob and a quarter cob.
a1687 W. Petty Polit. Anat. Ireland (1691) 73 Spanish pieces of Eight, called Cobs in Ireland.
1745 P. Thomas True Jrnl. Voy. South-Seas 99 A considerable Quantity of Cob Dollars and wrought Plate.
1784 T. Sheridan Life Swift §1 (T.) He..poured out the contents, which were silver cobs, upon the table.
1821 W. Scott Pirate III. iv. 96 And so you came for your share of the cobs?
1835 P. Kelly Universal Cambist (new ed.) 164 The Spanish dollar circulating at Gibraltar is commonly called a ‘cob’.

Compounds

cob-money n. U.S. see quots.
ΚΠ
a1862 H. D. Thoreau Cape Cod (1865) viii. 148 Pieces of silver called cob-money.
1868 B. J. Lossing Hudson (new ed.) 80 The old silver coins occasionally found at Fort Edward are called ‘cob-money’ by the people.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1891; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

cobcobbn.6

Brit. /kɒb/, U.S. /kɑb/
dialect.
(See quots.)
ΚΠ
1691 J. Ray S. & E. Country Words in Coll. Eng. Words (ed. 2) 93 Cob, a Wicker-basket to carry upon the Arm. So a Seed-cob or Seed-lib, is such a Basket for Sowing.
1830 W. Scott Lett. Demonol. & Witchcraft vi. 180 A brown loaf and a cobb of herrings.
1863 J. C. Morton Cycl. Agric. (new ed.) II. (Gloss.) 721/3 Cob,..a basket used for carrying chaff, and for broad-casting wheat.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1891; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

cobcobbn.7

Brit. /kɒb/, U.S. /kɑb/
local.
(See quots.) [The mole or pier of Lyme Regis was originally constructed of cobblestones heaped together; thence perhaps cob = cobble n.1 1a.]
ΘΚΠ
the world > the earth > water > flow or flowing > flood or flooding > structures protecting from water or flooding > [noun] > mole or pier
pier1453
jutty1478
pile1512
mole1545
cob1605
beer1629
jetty1830
1605 W. Camden Remaines i. 83 A forced harborow for ships, as the Cob of Linne in Dorsetshire.
1688 Addr. from Lyme Regis in London Gaz. No. 2345/1 Your Majesties Princely Bounty towards the Maintenance of our Peer or Cob.
1743–5 R. Pococke Trav. (Camden) 97 The famous cob or mole is a quarter of a mile to the south-west of the town [Lyme Regis].
1862 S. Smiles Lives Engineers I. 283 The Cobb or harbour at Lyme Regis was..successfully put together.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1891; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

cobcobbn.8

Brit. /kɒb/, U.S. /kɑb/
Etymology: < cob v.1 3.
A blow.
ΘΚΠ
the world > movement > impact > striking > [noun] > a stroke or blow > specific on a person
buffet?c1225
flatc1320
boxc1330
rapc1330
plaguea1382
puncha1450
buffc1475
jowl?1516
beff1768
funk1790
fib1814
cob1828
one1876
biff1889
clump1889
one in the eye1891
conk1898
fourpenny one1936
a sock in the eye1972
kennedy-
the world > movement > impact > striking > striking on specific part of the body > [noun] > on the head
nope1684
nobber1811
nob1812
nobbing1819
cob1828
nobbler1848
1828 Cherokee Phœnix 10 Apr. Such negro so offending shall receive fifteen cobbs or paddles for every such offence.
1848–60 J. R. Bartlett Dict. Americanisms Cobb, a blow on the buttock.
1881 S. Evans Evans's Leicestershire Words (new ed.) Cob, a blow or knock: ‘a cob o' the yead’.
1884 R. Holland Gloss. Words County of Chester (1886) Cob, a blow, generally on the head.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1891; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

cobn.9

Brit. /kɒb/, U.S. /kɑb/
Etymology: Origin unknown.
slang.
to have, get a cob on, to be annoyed, to become angry.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > emotion > anger > [verb (intransitive)]
wrethec900
anbelgheOE
wratha1225
wrakea1300
grievec1350
angera1400
sweata1400
smoke1548
to put or set up the back1728
to have (also get) one's monkey up1833
to get (also have) the pricker1871
to have, get a cob on1937
grrra1963
the mind > emotion > anger > [verb (intransitive)] > become angry
wrethec900
wrothc975
abelghec1300
to move one's blood (also mood)c1330
to peck moodc1330
gremec1460
to take firea1513
fumec1522
sourdc1540
spitec1560
to set up the heckle1601
fire1604
exasperate1659
to fire up1779
to flash up1822
to get one's dander up1831
to fly (occasionally jump, etc.) off (at) the handle1832
to have (also get) one's monkey up1833
to cut up rough, rusty, savage1837
rile1837
to go off the handle1839
to flare up1840
to set one's back up1845
to run hot1855
to wax up1859
to get one's rag out1862
blow1871
to get (also have) the pricker1871
to turn up rough1872
to get the needle1874
to blaze up1878
to get wet1898
spunk1898
to see red1901
to go crook1911
to get ignorant1913
to hit the ceiling1914
to hit the roof1921
to blow one's top1928
to lose one's rag1928
to lose one's haira1930
to go up in smoke1933
hackle1935
to have, get a cob on1937
to pop (also blow) one's cork1938
to go hostile1941
to go sparec1942
to do one's bun1944
to lose one's wool1944
to blow one's stack1947
to go (also do) one's (also a) dingerc1950
rear1953
to get on ignorant1956
to go through the roof1958
to keep (also blow, lose) one's cool1964
to lose ita1969
to blow a gasket1975
to throw a wobbler1985
1937 E. Partridge Dict. Slang 163/2 Have a cob on, to be annoyed: ships' stewards'.
1953 ‘R. Gordon’ Doctor at Sea ix. 113 ‘Don't you blokes go without me,’ he added threateningly. ‘I'll get a cob on if you don't wait.’
1966 F. Shaw et al. Lern Yerself Scouse 22 Yer gorra cob on, you are in a bad mood.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1972; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

cobv.1

Brit. /kɒb/, U.S. /kɑb/
Forms: Also Middle English–1600s kob, 1800s cobb.
Etymology: Etymology doubtful; perhaps onomatopoeic.
†1. intransitive. To fight, give blows. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
society > society and the community > dissent > fighting > fight [verb (intransitive)]
fightc900
deal993
wraxlec1000
skirm?c1225
makec1275
mellc1300
to fight togethera1400
meddlec1400
match1440
wring1470
cobc1540
toilc1540
strike1579
beat1586
scuffle1590
exchange blows1594
to bang it out or aboutc1600
buffeta1616
tussle1638
dimicate1657
to try a friskin1675
to battle it1821
muss1851
scrap1874
to mix it1905
dogfight1929
yike1940
to go upside (someone's) head1970
c1540 (?a1400) Destr. Troy 8285 Thre thousaund full þro þrang into batell..And cobbyt full kantly.
c1540 (?a1400) Destr. Troy 11025 And ho keppit hym full kantly, kobbit with hym sore.
2. transitive. To crush or bruise (ore).
ΚΠ
1778 W. Pryce Mineralogia Cornubiensis 318 Cob, to break or bruise... Cobbed ore is the spalled which is broke out of the solid large stones with sledges.
1880 M. A. Courtney W. Cornwall Words in M. A. Courtney & T. Q. Couch Gloss. Words Cornwall 13/1 Cobbing..in mining is breaking copper ore into small pieces.
3. To strike.
a. esp. Nautical. To strike on the buttocks with a flat instrument. See cobbing n.
ΘΚΠ
society > authority > punishment > corporal punishment > administer corporal punishment [verb (transitive)] > with stick
bastinado1601
bastona1614
cob1802
tund1871
stick1937
1769 [implied in: W. Falconer Universal Dict. Marine Cobbing..is performed by striking the offender a certain number of times on the breech with a flat piece of wood called the cobbing-board. (at cobbing n. 1)].
1802 J. Anfrey in Naval Chron. 7 76 They were going to cobb a man.
1802 Ann. Reg. 556 With a pair of pea-squeezers in his hand to cob him with.
1829 F. Marryat Naval Officer I. ii. 71 I was sentenced to be cobbed with a worsted stocking, filled with wet sand.
b. dialect.
ΚΠ
1825 J. Jamieson Etymol. Dict. Sc. Lang. Suppl. Cob, to beat in a particular mode practised among shepherds.
1877 F. Ross et al. Gloss. Words Holderness Cob, to strike posteriorly with the knee.
1881 S. Evans Evans's Leicestershire Words (new ed.) Cob, to strike: generally, to strike on the head.
4. To thresh or beat out (seed). Also intransitive said of the seed. Cf. cob n.1 10.
ΘΚΠ
the world > food and drink > food > food manufacture and preparation > preparation of grain > [verb (transitive)] > thresh
threshOE
tread1382
stampa1425
berry1483
fine1579
thrash1594
to beat out1611
flack1743
cob1796
flail1821
scutch1844
strip1861
the world > food and drink > food > food manufacture and preparation > preparation of grain > [verb (intransitive)] > thresh > be threshed out
cob1796
1796 Hull Advertiser 13 Feb. 1/4 Clover-seed is likely to be scarce..it cobs ill, and rises to little more on the average than one bushel per acre.
1807 A. Young Gen. View Agric. Essex I. v. 155 He has applied it [sc. a thrashing-mill] to cobbing white clover with great success.
5. To throw.
ΚΠ
1867 Kentish Dialect Cob, to throw gently.
1884 R. Holland Gloss. Words County of Chester (1886) Cob, to throw: ‘cob it away, it's good t' nowt’; ‘The land has cobbed up a deal of grass’.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1891; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

cobv.2

Forms: Also cop.
Etymology: < cob n.1
dialect.
transitive. To top, excel, beat.
ΚΠ
1847–78 J. O. Halliwell Dict. Archaic & Provinc. Words Cob, to outdo or excel.
1869 J. C. Atkinson Peacock's Gloss. Dial. Hundred of Lonsdale Cob, to beat or surpass, also to pull the hair. To cob over a person is to crow over him.
1879 G. F. Jackson Shropshire Word-bk. Cob, to surpass, exceed. ‘Well, that cobs Dolly, an' Dolly cobbed the devil.’
1884 R. Holland Gloss. Words County of Chester (1886) Cob, sometimes pronounced cop. ‘I copped him’ = I beat him, or got ahead of him.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1891; most recently modified version published online December 2020).
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n.1a1420n.21602n.31574n.41657n.51681n.61691n.71605n.81828n.91937v.1c1540v.21847
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