cleansev.

Brit.

/klɛnz/, U.S.

/klɛnz/

Forms: Old English clǽnsian, clénsian, (geclásnian, clǽsnian), Middle English–1600s clense(n, (Middle English clansi, klens, clennsenn ( Orm.), Middle English, 1800s dialect clanse, Middle English clens, clensi, clenze, clenese, Middle English clansy), 1500s– cleanse.

Etymology: Old English clǽnsian , clénsian < West Germanic type *klainisôn , < klaini , Old English clǽne : compare Old English rícsian , Old High German rîchisôn to rule, rinse , Old Norse hreinsa . The frequent Middle English and modern dialect clanse may represent an Old English clánsian (compare cláne under clean n.), or it might be < clænsian with shortened æ, as clense < clensian. The modern spelling cleanse seems to be artificial, assimilated to clean. This is the original verb, on the domain of which the recent to clean has intruded. The type of verbs in -isôn, -irôn < Germanic -isôjan, -izôjan, appears to have started from verbs in -ojan formed on -s stems, as Gothic hatizôn, Old High German agisôn, sigirôn. The Old English geclásnian, clǽsnian may be examples of metathesis: but the occurrence of a form clǽnsnian, whence they may be contracted, makes their history doubtful.

1. transitive. To make clean, purify, free from dirt or filth (Johnson says ‘by washing or rubbing’). Formerly the ordinary word; but in modern times to clean has largely taken its place in everyday use, and cleanse remains a more elevated word, having less immediate association with dirt, and more available for figurative and transferred uses. In some dialects clanse is similarly distinguished from clean, and used esp. in senses 5 – 7.

ΘΚΠ

the world > physical sensation > cleanness and dirtiness > cleaning > clean [verb (transitive)]

yclense971

cleansea1000

farmOE

fayc1220

fowc1350

absterse?a1425

mundify?a1425

muck1429

to cast clean1522

absterge1526

sprinkle1526

reconcile1535

net1536

clengec1540

neat?1575

snuff?1575

rinse1595

deterge1623

scavengea1644

scavenger1645

decrott1653

reform1675

clean1681

deterse1684

fluxa1763

to clean away, offa1839

to clean down1839

scavage1851

untaint1855

to sand and canvas1912

a1000 Laws Ethelred ix. §40 Thorpe I. 348 Gif man eard wille clænsian.

?c1225 (?a1200) Ancrene Riwle (Cleo. C.vi) (1972) 232 Þe poure widewe hwen ha wule hire hus clensin.

1413 J. Lydgate Pilgr. of Sowle (1483) iv. xxxiv. 83 Bras draweth soone ruste yf it be not clensid.

1467 in J. T. Smith & L. T. Smith Eng. Gilds (1870) 372 That intrailles of bestes and blode putts be clansed..by night.

1536 MS BL Add. 9835 in F. Thynne Animaduersions (1875) p. xxviii He..shall scoure, clense, and substancially make clene, all & euery of the Synkes belonginge vnto the kechyns.

a1665 K. Digby Jrnl. Voy. to Mediterranean (1868) 13 Opportunitie to cleanse my shippes.

1738 T. Birch Life Milton in J. Milton Wks. I. 38 After the Sickness was over, and the City well cleansed..Milton return'd to London.

1808 Med. & Physical Jrnl. 19 227 A solution of borax was given to cool and cleanse his mouth.

1883 ‘G. Lloyd’ Ebb & Flow II. xxx. 179 A whole house placed in their hands, to be thoroughly cleansed and repaired.

figurative.1850 C. Merivale Hist. Romans under Empire II. xiii. 46 It was not by merely removing the scum from the surface that the fountains of justice could be really cleansed.absolute.1477 T. Norton Ordinall of Alchimy v, in E. Ashmole Theatrum Chem. Britannicum (1652) 59 Water clenseth with ablution blive.1611 B. Jonson Catiline ii. sig. D3^v Sem. This grey poulder..[is] a good Dentifrice..Gal. And clenses Very well.a1862 H. T. Buckle Hist. Civilisation Eng. (1871) III. v. 476 It was better to cleanse than to fast.

a. To make morally or spiritually clean; to purify or free from sin or guilt. Const. of, from.

ΘΚΠ

society > morality > virtue > purity > make pure [verb (transitive)]

cleansec897

shire?c1225

clengea1300

purge1340

purec1350

purifya1393

whitena1400

sprinkle1526

refine1594

simplify1609

sublime1613

purgate1795

revirginize1852

bleach1868

society > morality > virtue > purity > make pure [verb (transitive)] > take away the guilt of (one's sin)

cleansec897

expiate1608

825 Vesp. Ps. xviii. 13 From degelnissum..geclasna me dryhten.]

c897 K. Ælfred tr. Gregory Pastoral Care liv. 419 Hi selfe to clænsianne mid ðy wope.

c1200 Trin. Coll. Hom. 87 Þe children were clensed of sinnen.

1393 W. Langland Piers Plowman C. iv. 361 Of oure sory synnes asoiled and clansed.

a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Fairf. 14) l. 26373 Þen mai ȝe best ȝou clanse [Vesp. clenge] of synne.

a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Fairf. 14) l. 12840 Goddis lambe þat clense [Trin. Cambr. clensen] sale. þis wrecched werlde fra sinful bale.

c1440 Gesta Romanorum (Harl.) xxiii. 81 I shal go to a confessour, and clansy me.

1549 Bk. Common Prayer (STC 16267) Svpper of the Lorde f. cxxj^v Clense the thoughtes of our heartes.

1630 W. Prynne Anti-Arminianisme 158 Able..to clense the Elect..from all their sinnes.

1837 R. C. Trench Justin Martyr You cannot cleanse your heart with tears.

b. with the sin or crime as object: to purge, wash away, expiate.

ΚΠ

971 Blickl. Hom. 35 Þæt we..ure synna clænsian.

1340 R. Rolle Pricke of Conscience 2400 Syn þat es wele clensed here.

1700 J. Dryden tr. Ovid Cinyra & Myrrha 20 in Fables in Wks. (1882–92) Not all her od'rous tears can cleanse her crime.

1883 J. Gilmour Among Mongols xvii. 205 Each prayer repeated has a certain value in cleansing away sin.

3. To make ceremonially or sanitarily clean:

a. ceremonially, as in the Mosaic law.

ΘΚΠ

the world > physical sensation > cleanness and dirtiness > cleaning > clean [verb (transitive)] > make ritually clean

cleansec1000

clengea1300

society > faith > worship > cleanness (ceremonial) > purification > purify [verb (transitive)]

cleansec1000

hallowc1000

clengea1300

circumcide1340

circumcisec1340

purifyc1350

purgea1430

sanctifya1500

expiate1603

housel1607

lustre1645

lustrate1653

catharize1832

c1000 Ælfric Exodus xxix. 36 Þu aclænsast  weofod and gehalgast.]

c1000 Laws Edw. & Guthr. in Thorpe I. 174 Clænsie man þa þeode.

a1325 (c1250) Gen. & Exod. (1968) l. 3453 God dede moyses ðis bodeword on, ‘Clense ðis folc wel ðis to daiges.’

c1384 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Douce 369(2)) (1850) Deeds x. 15 That thing that God hath clensid, thou schalt not seie vnclene.

1611 Bible (King James) Acts x. 15 What God hath cleansed, that call not thou common.

b. from leprosy or other disease. archaic.

ΘΚΠ

the world > health and disease > healing > heal or cure [verb (transitive)] > make sanitarily free from disease

cleansec1000

c1000 West Saxon Gospels: Matt. (Corpus Cambr.) x. 8 Clænsiað hreofle.

c1384 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Douce 369(2)) (1850) Matt. x. 8 Vpreyse ȝee dead men, clense ȝe meselis.

1611 Bible (King James) Luke vii. 22 The..lepers are clensed .

†4. To acquit, clear, or exonerate (of a charge). Obsolete. (In later times only Scottish; cf. clenge n.)

ΘΚΠ

society > morality > duty or obligation > moral or legal constraint > immunity or exemption from liability > justification > justify [verb (transitive)] > exculpate

cleansea1000

skere?c1225

unwreea1250

spurge1303

sunyiea1325

disblamec1374

quita1400

whitena1400

emplasterc1405

declare1460

clear1481

absolve1496

purgea1530

free1560

clenge1592

disculp1602

uncharge1604

exonerate1655

exculpate1656

wash1659

excriminate1661

to wipe the mouth of1687

disculpate1693

whitewash1703

rehabilitate1847

a1000 Laws Ethelred iii. §7 in Thorpe I. 296 Gif hwa þeof clænsian wylle.

a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Gött.) l. 4477 Þu sal be vte of presun tan, And clensid be bifor iustise.

c1568 Jrnl. Queen Mary's Proc. in H. Campbell Love Lett. Mary Queen of Scots (1824) App. 47 April 12..Bothwell wes cleansit werray strangely, as the process beiris.

1650 J. Row & J. Row Hist. Kirk Scotl. (1842) 387 The votes being asked, seven did cleanse him absolutelie.

a. To clear, to rid; typically of, from, (†with) things that defile, but it has also been used of things that obstruct, cumber, or merely occupy; cf. clear v.

ΘΚΠ

the world > space > place > removal or displacement > remove or displace [verb (transitive)] > get or be rid of > rid of something

cleansea1250

quita1387

unladea1398

deliverc1400

quiet1450

clear1535

discussa1542

free1590

unload1591

unstable1612

deonerate1623

discard1656

a1250 Owl & Nightingale 610 Me is lof to Cristes huse, To clansi hit with fule muse.

1387 J. Trevisa tr. R. Higden Polychron. I. 339 Seynt Patryk clensed þat lond of wormes and oþere venemous bestes.

a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Fairf. 14) l. 475 He..clanset þat court of ham so clene.

1624 J. Smith Gen. Hist. Virginia iii. ix. 80 The house thus cleansed [of Indians], the King..excused this intrusion.

1664 J. Evelyn Kalendarium Hortense 68 in Sylva Cleanse Vines of exuberant branches.

1669 J. Worlidge Systema Agriculturæ (1681) x. §4. 220 Gold-Finches are very injurious to the Goosbury Buds..cleansing a whole Garden of them immediately.

1690–1700 Order of Hospitalls sig. Hiv^v [The Beadle] shall clense all the same Wards from beggars.

1860 J. Tyndall Glaciers of Alps i. §17. 119 The orb..cleansed the mountains from every trace of fog.

1879 G. F. Jackson Shropshire Word-bk. Clanse, to clear, to free from impurities or superfluous matter.

b. To clear of inequalities or unevennesses; to smooth, polish (wood or metal).In this sense clanse is used by gunsmiths in the midland counties.

ΘΚΠ

the world > space > shape > flatness or levelness > smoothness > make smooth [verb (transitive)]

smeethc1000

slipe1390

smoothc1440

sleck1530

explain1549

smooth1611

besmooth?1615

sleek1619

deglabrate1623

unruffle1629

smoothen1678

cleanse1680

smoothen1680

smooth1859

1680 J. Moxon Mech. Exercises I. xii. 214 Once wrought to the true size, you cannot afterwards take any more off to cleanse it.

c. To clear out (rubbish, etc.).

ΘΚΠ

the world > space > place > removal or displacement > remove or displace [verb (transitive)] > clear out or away

kill?c1225

purge1340

void1390

roota1398

devoida1400

rida1450

betwechec1450

redd1479

to make (clean, quick, etc.) riddance1528

expurge1542

vacuate1572

free1599

cleanse1628

rede1638

to clear out1655

dress1701

to clear away1711

to clear off1766

dissaturate1866

cancel1990

1628 W. Prynne Briefe Suruay Mr. Cozens 32 All Popish Reliques were not so fully clensed out, as afterwards they were.

6. To free from noxious humours; to purge. Also absol.

ΘΚΠ

the world > health and disease > healing > medical treatment > treatments removing or dispersing matter > remove or disperse [verb (transitive)] > disperse, etc., humours or morbid matter

cleansec1000

resolvea1398

slaya1400

dissolvec1400

evacuec1400

mundify?a1425

repel?a1425

attenuate1533

evacuate1533

discuss?1537

divert?1541

extenuate1541

intercide?1541

educe1574

scour1577

attray1579

clenge1582

divertise1597

derive1598

revel1598

display1607

draw1608

incide1612

correct1620

fuse1705

lavage1961

c1000 Sax. Leechd. II. 240 Hat wæter..þæt clæsnað þa wambe.

c1000 Sax. Leechd. II. 260 Sio wamb biþ to clænsianne.

c1400 in T. Wright & J. O. Halliwell Reliquiæ Antiquæ (1845) I. 190 Domistica clanseth ful welle The blader within every delle.

1486 Bk. St. Albans C j b It shall clense wele hir bowillis.

a1616 W. Shakespeare As you like It (1623) ii. vii. 60 I will through and through Cleanse the foule bodie of th'infected world, If they will patiently receiue my medicine.

1731 J. Arbuthnot Ess. Nature Aliments v. 144 This Oil..makes it saponaceous and detergent, by which Quality it often helps Digestion.

1881 Shropshire Word-bk. (at cited word) A dosa o' camomine tay..ood clanse the stomach.

7. intransitive (for reflexive). To pass the afterbirth.

ΘΚΠ

the world > animals > animal body > general parts > sexual organs and reproduction > [verb (intransitive)] > bring forth young > pass afterbirth

cleanse1614

1614 G. Markham Cheape & Good Husbandry (1668) i. iii. 35 If your Mare..will not clense after she hath foaled, you shall take a pint of running water, &c.

1884 R. Holland Gloss. Words County of Chester (1886) 68 A cow is said to clanse when she discharges the placenta after calving.

Draft additions October 2001

[Compare Serbian and Croatian očistiti (1942 in this sense in Serbian), probably after a German word (perhaps reinigen or saubern : compare cleansing n.).] transitive. To purge (a geographical area, a society, etc.) of ethnic or religious minority groups; to remove (members of an ethnic or religious minority) from an area, society, etc., by expulsion or killing. Cf. earlier cleansing n.; also ethnically cleanse vb. at ethnically adv. Compounds.Frequently, as a conscious metaphor, made conspicuous by the use of quotation marks.

ΚΠ

1946 tr. Doc. 1061-PS in Nazi Conspiracy & Aggression (U.S. Chief Counsel Prosecution of Axis Criminality) III. 733 The main body of our forces were detailed to cleanse..part of the Ghetto by proceeding from South to North.

1947 Amer. Jrnl. Internat. Law 41 288 His subordinates engaged in mass killings of Jews, and his civil administrators in the East considered that cleansing the Eastern Occupied Territories of Jews was necessary.

1981 Polit. Sci. Q. 96 604 The colonels' regime of Pilsudski's epigoni, in its program to polonize the commercial and industrial sectors of the country's economy by ‘cleansing’ them of Jews, also pressed for Jewish emigration.

1991 Daily Tel. 18 Dec. 8/8 The culprits, according to all witnesses, were Serb extremist irregulars, ‘Chetniks’ or ‘White Eagles’ left behind to ‘cleanse’ the area, to borrow the obscene phraseology of Nazi occupation in the Second World War.

1993 Guardian 28 July ii. 7/1 The Palestinians were ‘cleansed’ from their homes and the Jews entered and occupied the land.

1994 Independent on Sunday 17 July 18/3 About 150,000 people have left, most of them Mingrelians, who came originally from Georgia, some fleeing with the retreating Georgians and others ‘cleansed’ out of their homes.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1889; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	cleanse
释义	cleansen. Brit. /klɛnz/, U.S. /klɛnz/ Etymology: < cleanse v. Obsolete exc. dialect. †1. A cleansing. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > physical sensation > cleanness and dirtiness > cleaning > [noun] > an act of cleaning cleanse1760 toilet1862 clean-up1876 cleana1889 spruce-up1918 1760 Chron. in Ann. Reg. 158/2 We make a thorough cleanse, and wash all the beams with warm vinegar. 2. dialect. The afterbirth (cf. vb. 7). ΚΠ 1881 G. F. Jackson Shropshire Word-bk. Suppl. Clanse, the afterbirth of a cow. 1881 S. Evans Evans's Leicestershire Words (new ed.) Clans. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1889; most recently modified version published online March 2022). cleansev. Brit. /klɛnz/, U.S. /klɛnz/ Forms: Old English clǽnsian, clénsian, (geclásnian, clǽsnian), Middle English–1600s clense(n, (Middle English clansi, klens, clennsenn ( Orm.), Middle English, 1800s dialect clanse, Middle English clens, clensi, clenze, clenese, Middle English clansy), 1500s– cleanse. Etymology: Old English clǽnsian , clénsian < West Germanic type klainisôn , < klaini* , Old English clǽne : compare Old English rícsian , Old High German rîchisôn to rule, rinse , Old Norse hreinsa . The frequent Middle English and modern dialect clanse may represent an Old English clánsian (compare cláne under clean n.), or it might be < clænsian with shortened æ, as clense < clensian. The modern spelling cleanse seems to be artificial, assimilated to clean. This is the original verb, on the domain of which the recent to clean has intruded. The type of verbs in -isôn, -irôn < Germanic -isôjan, -izôjan, appears to have started from verbs in -ojan formed on -s stems, as Gothic hatizôn, Old High German agisôn, sigirôn. The Old English geclásnian, clǽsnian may be examples of metathesis: but the occurrence of a form clǽnsnian, whence they may be contracted, makes their history doubtful. 1. transitive. To make clean, purify, free from dirt or filth (Johnson says ‘by washing or rubbing’). Formerly the ordinary word; but in modern times to clean has largely taken its place in everyday use, and cleanse remains a more elevated word, having less immediate association with dirt, and more available for figurative and transferred uses. In some dialects clanse is similarly distinguished from clean, and used esp. in senses 5 – 7. ΘΚΠ the world > physical sensation > cleanness and dirtiness > cleaning > clean [verb (transitive)] yclense971 cleansea1000 farmOE fayc1220 fowc1350 absterse?a1425 mundify?a1425 muck1429 to cast clean1522 absterge1526 sprinkle1526 reconcile1535 net1536 clengec1540 neat?1575 snuff?1575 rinse1595 deterge1623 scavengea1644 scavenger1645 decrott1653 reform1675 clean1681 deterse1684 fluxa1763 to clean away, offa1839 to clean down1839 scavage1851 untaint1855 to sand and canvas1912 a1000 Laws Ethelred ix. §40 Thorpe I. 348 Gif man eard wille clænsian. ?c1225 (?a1200) Ancrene Riwle (Cleo. C.vi) (1972) 232 Þe poure widewe hwen ha wule hire hus clensin. 1413 J. Lydgate Pilgr. of Sowle (1483) iv. xxxiv. 83 Bras draweth soone ruste yf it be not clensid. 1467 in J. T. Smith & L. T. Smith Eng. Gilds (1870) 372 That intrailles of bestes and blode putts be clansed..by night. 1536 MS BL Add. 9835 in F. Thynne Animaduersions (1875) p. xxviii He..shall scoure, clense, and substancially make clene, all & euery of the Synkes belonginge vnto the kechyns. a1665 K. Digby Jrnl. Voy. to Mediterranean (1868) 13 Opportunitie to cleanse my shippes. 1738 T. Birch Life Milton in J. Milton Wks. I. 38 After the Sickness was over, and the City well cleansed..Milton return'd to London. 1808 Med. & Physical Jrnl. 19 227 A solution of borax was given to cool and cleanse his mouth. 1883 ‘G. Lloyd’ Ebb & Flow II. xxx. 179 A whole house placed in their hands, to be thoroughly cleansed and repaired. figurative.1850 C. Merivale Hist. Romans under Empire II. xiii. 46 It was not by merely removing the scum from the surface that the fountains of justice could be really cleansed.absolute.1477 T. Norton Ordinall of Alchimy v, in E. Ashmole Theatrum Chem. Britannicum (1652) 59 Water clenseth with ablution blive.1611 B. Jonson Catiline ii. sig. D3^v Sem. This grey poulder..[is] a good Dentifrice..Gal. And clenses Very well.a1862 H. T. Buckle Hist. Civilisation Eng. (1871) III. v. 476 It was better to cleanse than to fast. 2. a. To make morally or spiritually clean; to purify or free from sin or guilt. Const. of, from. ΘΚΠ society > morality > virtue > purity > make pure [verb (transitive)] cleansec897 shire?c1225 clengea1300 purge1340 purec1350 purifya1393 whitena1400 sprinkle1526 refine1594 simplify1609 sublime1613 purgate1795 revirginize1852 bleach1868 society > morality > virtue > purity > make pure [verb (transitive)] > take away the guilt of (one's sin) cleansec897 expiate1608 825 Vesp. Ps. xviii. 13 From degelnissum..geclasna me dryhten.] c897 K. Ælfred tr. Gregory Pastoral Care liv. 419 Hi selfe to clænsianne mid ðy wope. c1200 Trin. Coll. Hom. 87 Þe children were clensed of sinnen. 1393 W. Langland Piers Plowman C. iv. 361 Of oure sory synnes asoiled and clansed. a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Fairf. 14) l. 26373 Þen mai ȝe best ȝou clanse [Vesp. clenge] of synne. a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Fairf. 14) l. 12840 Goddis lambe þat clense [Trin. Cambr. clensen] sale. þis wrecched werlde fra sinful bale. c1440 Gesta Romanorum (Harl.) xxiii. 81 I shal go to a confessour, and clansy me. 1549 Bk. Common Prayer (STC 16267) Svpper of the Lorde f. cxxj^v Clense the thoughtes of our heartes. 1630 W. Prynne Anti-Arminianisme 158 Able..to clense the Elect..from all their sinnes. 1837 R. C. Trench Justin Martyr You cannot cleanse your heart with tears. b. with the sin or crime as object: to purge, wash away, expiate. ΚΠ 971 Blickl. Hom. 35 Þæt we..ure synna clænsian. 1340 R. Rolle Pricke of Conscience 2400 Syn þat es wele clensed here. 1700 J. Dryden tr. Ovid Cinyra & Myrrha 20 in Fables in Wks. (1882–92) Not all her od'rous tears can cleanse her crime. 1883 J. Gilmour Among Mongols xvii. 205 Each prayer repeated has a certain value in cleansing away sin. 3. To make ceremonially or sanitarily clean: a. ceremonially, as in the Mosaic law. ΘΚΠ the world > physical sensation > cleanness and dirtiness > cleaning > clean [verb (transitive)] > make ritually clean cleansec1000 clengea1300 society > faith > worship > cleanness (ceremonial) > purification > purify [verb (transitive)] cleansec1000 hallowc1000 clengea1300 circumcide1340 circumcisec1340 purifyc1350 purgea1430 sanctifya1500 expiate1603 housel1607 lustre1645 lustrate1653 catharize1832 c1000 Ælfric Exodus xxix. 36 Þu aclænsast  weofod and gehalgast.] c1000 Laws Edw. & Guthr. in Thorpe I. 174 Clænsie man þa þeode. a1325 (c1250) Gen. & Exod. (1968) l. 3453 God dede moyses ðis bodeword on, ‘Clense ðis folc wel ðis to daiges.’ c1384 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Douce 369(2)) (1850) Deeds x. 15 That thing that God hath clensid, thou schalt not seie vnclene. 1611 Bible (King James) Acts x. 15 What God hath cleansed, that call not thou common. View more context for this quotation b. from leprosy or other disease. archaic. ΘΚΠ the world > health and disease > healing > heal or cure [verb (transitive)] > make sanitarily free from disease cleansec1000 c1000 West Saxon Gospels: Matt. (Corpus Cambr.) x. 8 Clænsiað hreofle. c1384 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Douce 369(2)) (1850) Matt. x. 8 Vpreyse ȝee dead men, clense ȝe meselis. 1611 Bible (King James) Luke vii. 22 The..lepers are clensed . View more context for this quotation †4. To acquit, clear, or exonerate (of a charge). Obsolete. (In later times only Scottish; cf. clenge n.) ΘΚΠ society > morality > duty or obligation > moral or legal constraint > immunity or exemption from liability > justification > justify [verb (transitive)] > exculpate cleansea1000 skere?c1225 unwreea1250 spurge1303 sunyiea1325 disblamec1374 quita1400 whitena1400 emplasterc1405 declare1460 clear1481 absolve1496 purgea1530 free1560 clenge1592 disculp1602 uncharge1604 exonerate1655 exculpate1656 wash1659 excriminate1661 to wipe the mouth of1687 disculpate1693 whitewash1703 rehabilitate1847 a1000 Laws Ethelred iii. §7 in Thorpe I. 296 Gif hwa þeof clænsian wylle. a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Gött.) l. 4477 Þu sal be vte of presun tan, And clensid be bifor iustise. c1568 Jrnl. Queen Mary's Proc. in H. Campbell Love Lett. Mary Queen of Scots (1824) App. 47 April 12..Bothwell wes cleansit werray strangely, as the process beiris. 1650 J. Row & J. Row Hist. Kirk Scotl. (1842) 387 The votes being asked, seven did cleanse him absolutelie. 5. a. To clear, to rid; typically of, from, (†with) things that defile, but it has also been used of things that obstruct, cumber, or merely occupy; cf. clear v. ΘΚΠ the world > space > place > removal or displacement > remove or displace [verb (transitive)] > get or be rid of > rid of something cleansea1250 quita1387 unladea1398 deliverc1400 quiet1450 clear1535 discussa1542 free1590 unload1591 unstable1612 deonerate1623 discard1656 a1250 Owl & Nightingale 610 Me is lof to Cristes huse, To clansi hit with fule muse. 1387 J. Trevisa tr. R. Higden Polychron. I. 339 Seynt Patryk clensed þat lond of wormes and oþere venemous bestes. a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Fairf. 14) l. 475 He..clanset þat court of ham so clene. 1624 J. Smith Gen. Hist. Virginia iii. ix. 80 The house thus cleansed [of Indians], the King..excused this intrusion. 1664 J. Evelyn Kalendarium Hortense 68 in Sylva Cleanse Vines of exuberant branches. 1669 J. Worlidge Systema Agriculturæ (1681) x. §4. 220 Gold-Finches are very injurious to the Goosbury Buds..cleansing a whole Garden of them immediately. 1690–1700 Order of Hospitalls sig. Hiv^v [The Beadle] shall clense all the same Wards from beggars. 1860 J. Tyndall Glaciers of Alps i. §17. 119 The orb..cleansed the mountains from every trace of fog. 1879 G. F. Jackson Shropshire Word-bk. Clanse, to clear, to free from impurities or superfluous matter. b. To clear of inequalities or unevennesses; to smooth, polish (wood or metal).In this sense clanse is used by gunsmiths in the midland counties. ΘΚΠ the world > space > shape > flatness or levelness > smoothness > make smooth [verb (transitive)] smeethc1000 slipe1390 smoothc1440 sleck1530 explain1549 smooth1611 besmooth?1615 sleek1619 deglabrate1623 unruffle1629 smoothen1678 cleanse1680 smoothen1680 smooth1859 1680 J. Moxon Mech. Exercises I. xii. 214 Once wrought to the true size, you cannot afterwards take any more off to cleanse it. c. To clear out (rubbish, etc.). ΘΚΠ the world > space > place > removal or displacement > remove or displace [verb (transitive)] > clear out or away kill?c1225 purge1340 void1390 roota1398 devoida1400 rida1450 betwechec1450 redd1479 to make (clean, quick, etc.) riddance1528 expurge1542 vacuate1572 free1599 cleanse1628 rede1638 to clear out1655 dress1701 to clear away1711 to clear off1766 dissaturate1866 cancel1990 1628 W. Prynne Briefe Suruay Mr. Cozens 32 All Popish Reliques were not so fully clensed out, as afterwards they were. 6. To free from noxious humours; to purge. Also absol. ΘΚΠ the world > health and disease > healing > medical treatment > treatments removing or dispersing matter > remove or disperse [verb (transitive)] > disperse, etc., humours or morbid matter cleansec1000 resolvea1398 slaya1400 dissolvec1400 evacuec1400 mundify?a1425 repel?a1425 attenuate1533 evacuate1533 discuss?1537 divert?1541 extenuate1541 intercide?1541 educe1574 scour1577 attray1579 clenge1582 divertise1597 derive1598 revel1598 display1607 draw1608 incide1612 correct1620 fuse1705 lavage1961 c1000 Sax. Leechd. II. 240 Hat wæter..þæt clæsnað þa wambe. c1000 Sax. Leechd. II. 260 Sio wamb biþ to clænsianne. c1400 in T. Wright & J. O. Halliwell Reliquiæ Antiquæ (1845) I. 190 Domistica clanseth ful welle The blader within every delle. 1486 Bk. St. Albans C j b It shall clense wele hir bowillis. a1616 W. Shakespeare As you like It (1623) ii. vii. 60 I will through and through Cleanse the foule bodie of th'infected world, If they will patiently receiue my medicine. View more context for this quotation 1731 J. Arbuthnot Ess. Nature Aliments v. 144 This Oil..makes it saponaceous and detergent, by which Quality it often helps Digestion. 1881 Shropshire Word-bk. (at cited word) A dosa o' camomine tay..ood clanse the stomach. 7. intransitive (for reflexive). To pass the afterbirth. ΘΚΠ the world > animals > animal body > general parts > sexual organs and reproduction > [verb (intransitive)] > bring forth young > pass afterbirth cleanse1614 1614 G. Markham Cheape & Good Husbandry (1668) i. iii. 35 If your Mare..will not clense after she hath foaled, you shall take a pint of running water, &c. 1884 R. Holland Gloss. Words County of Chester (1886) 68 A cow is said to clanse when she discharges the placenta after calving. Draft additions October 2001 [Compare Serbian and Croatian očistiti (1942 in this sense in Serbian), probably after a German word (perhaps reinigen or saubern : compare cleansing n.).] transitive. To purge (a geographical area, a society, etc.) of ethnic or religious minority groups; to remove (members of an ethnic or religious minority) from an area, society, etc., by expulsion or killing. Cf. earlier cleansing n.; also ethnically cleanse vb. at ethnically adv. Compounds.Frequently, as a conscious metaphor, made conspicuous by the use of quotation marks. ΚΠ 1946 tr. Doc. 1061-PS in Nazi Conspiracy & Aggression (U.S. Chief Counsel Prosecution of Axis Criminality) III. 733 The main body of our forces were detailed to cleanse..part of the Ghetto by proceeding from South to North. 1947 Amer. Jrnl. Internat. Law 41 288 His subordinates engaged in mass killings of Jews, and his civil administrators in the East considered that cleansing the Eastern Occupied Territories of Jews was necessary. 1981 Polit. Sci. Q. 96 604 The colonels' regime of Pilsudski's epigoni, in its program to polonize the commercial and industrial sectors of the country's economy by ‘cleansing’ them of Jews, also pressed for Jewish emigration. 1991 Daily Tel. 18 Dec. 8/8 The culprits, according to all witnesses, were Serb extremist irregulars, ‘Chetniks’ or ‘White Eagles’ left behind to ‘cleanse’ the area, to borrow the obscene phraseology of Nazi occupation in the Second World War. 1993 Guardian 28 July ii. 7/1 The Palestinians were ‘cleansed’ from their homes and the Jews entered and occupied the land. 1994 Independent on Sunday 17 July 18/3 About 150,000 people have left, most of them Mingrelians, who came originally from Georgia, some fleeing with the retreating Georgians and others ‘cleansed’ out of their homes. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1889; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.1760v.c897
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cleansen.

cleansev.

Draft additions October 2001