† afondv.

Forms: early Old English afandon (past participle, apparently transmission error), Old English æfandian (rare), Old English afandan (past participle, apparently transmission error), Old English afandian, Old English auandian (rare), Old English of handa (imperative, transmission error), late Old English afanddian, early Middle English afandie, early Middle English afondie, early Middle English afondon (past participle, apparently transmission error), Middle English afonde (southern); also Scottish pre-1700 afaynd. N.E.D. (1884) also records a form early Middle English avond (southern).

Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: a- prefix¹, fand v.

Etymology: < a- prefix¹ + fand v. Compare Middle High German ervenden to try out, to experience. Compare afind v.The relative frequency of past participle forms in -n perhaps results partly from association with strong past participles in -en suffix⁶ rather than solely from scribal transmission errors. The erroneous Old English imperative form of handa ( Tiberius Psalter xxv. 2, glossing Latin proba) is apparently by confusion with of handa ‘from the hand’, which occurs frequently in Old English psalters glossing Latin de manu.

Obsolete.

a. transitive. To put to the test; to prove, try out; to test by experiment or experience. Also: to experience, undergo.In Old English also with object in genitive.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > attention and judgement > testing > try, test [verb (transitive)]

cuneOE

afondOE

found1340

searcha1382

experiment1481

experience1541

probe1542

try1545

invent1548

sound1589

to bring or put to the test1594

plumb1599

to feel out1600

essay1656

test1748

plumb-line1875

to try out1888

the mind > attention and judgement > discovery > find out, discover [verb (transitive)] > by experience

findOE

afondOE

afindOE

the world > action or operation > endeavour > trial or experiment > trial, test, or testing > try or test [verb (transitive)]

fandc893

costeneOE

afondOE

provea1200

fraista1300

assay1330

sayc1330

try1362

approvec1380

examinea1382

winnowa1382

tempt1382

tastea1400

assailc1405

essay1484

scryc1615

sensea1688

test1748

trial1981

dogfood1997

the mind > mental capacity > knowledge > knowledge, what is known > experience > [verb (transitive)]

haveeOE

cuneOE

supOE

yfeeleOE

afondOE

canOE

seeOE

knowc1175

provea1200

feelc1225

passa1325

fraistc1330

wielda1375

wita1450

experiment1484

approve1578

experiencea1586

resent1595

fand-

the world > action or operation > undertaking > undertake [verb (transitive)] > something risky

afondc1300

assailc1300

adventurea1387

to venture on (also upon1557

venture1559

venture1598

peril1849

the world > action or operation > endeavour > trial or experiment > make experiment of or with [verb (transitive)]

afondc1300

assailc1300

found1340

assay1377

taste1382

experiment1524

experience1541

try1545

attempt1563

practise1632

explore1667

experimentate1670

to taste of1700

to try out1888

to try (something)(on) for size1979

fand-

OE Ælfric Catholic Homilies: 2nd Ser. (Cambr. Gg.3.28) iv. 33 On ðære þriddan ylde afandode god Abrahames gehyrsumnysse, and het þæt he name his leofan sunu Isaac and hine..him geoffrode.

OE West Saxon Gospels: Luke (Corpus Cambr.) xii. 56 La liceteras cunnege afandian [L. probare] heofones ansyne & eorþan, humeta na afandige [L. probatis] ge þas tide?

OE Wærferð tr. Gregory Dialogues (Corpus Cambr.) (1900) iv. i. 262 Þam..þe þurh þone halgan gast habbað mid gewisse afandod & acunnod þara gyfena þæs heofonlican rices [L. inuisibilium experimentum habentibus].

?a1200 (?OE) Peri Didaxeon (1896) 17 Þes læcecræf[t] hys fram manigum mannum afanded [L. a multis expertum est].

a1225 (?c1175) Poema Morale (Egerton) 149 in J. Zupitza & J. Schipper Alt- u. Mitteleng. Übungsbuch (1904) 85 (MED) Ful wambe mei lihtliche speken of hunger end festen..Hedde his a fanded sume stunde, he wolde eal segge oðer.

c1300 St. John Evangelist (Harl.) l. 12 in F. J. Furnivall Early Eng. Poems & Lives Saints (1862) 106 (MED) Seint Iohan com to a kniȝt of Engelond As he was biȝunde see, auentoures to afonde [c1300 Laud fonde].

b. transitive. To tempt to evil.In Old English also with object in genitive.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > will > motivation > attraction, allurement, or enticement > attract, allure, or entice [verb (transitive)] > tempt

afondOE

fandOE

assailc1225

temptc1230

tenta1250

attempta1513

assay1532

assaulta1535

attack1655

OE Ælfric Catholic Homilies: 1st Ser. (Royal) (1997) xi. 268 Hi [sc. þa deoflas] moton ure afandian, ac hi ne moton us nydan to nanum yfele.

OE Ælfric Let. to Sigeweard (De Veteri et Novo Test.) (Laud) 47 Iob..wearð afandod þurh þone swicolan deofol, swa swa his boc us segð, þe he sylf gesette siþþan he afandod wæs.

c1350 (a1333) William of Shoreham Poems (1902) 71 (MED) Wyþ foule handlyng Oþer oþer afondeþ.

2. transitive. With to-infinitive. To try, attempt. Cf. fand v. 5a. rare.

ΘΚΠ

the world > action or operation > endeavour > attempt [verb (transitive)]

fandOE

assayc1300

tryc1315

provec1330

adventurea1387

sayc1390

paina1400

havec1400

practisea1450

afforcec1487

afond1488

attempta1538

procure1574

endeavour1581

offer1611

poacha1616

attent1620

to venture at1623

essay1641

attentate1656

smacka1657

tempt1697

to try at1794

to have a go1802

to make a (good, poor, etc.) fist1833

tackle1847

to have or take a whack at1891

to make (or have, etc.) a stab at (something)1895

to have a dash (at)1916

1488 (c1478) Hary Actis & Deidis Schir William Wallace (Adv.) (1968–9) v. l. 874 Sotheron wald afaynd With haill power at-anys on thaim to sett.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2012; most recently modified version published online June 2022).

单词	afond
释义	† afondv. Forms: early Old English afandon (past participle, apparently transmission error), Old English æfandian (rare), Old English afandan (past participle, apparently transmission error), Old English afandian, Old English auandian (rare), Old English of handa (imperative, transmission error), late Old English afanddian, early Middle English afandie, early Middle English afondie, early Middle English afondon (past participle, apparently transmission error), Middle English afonde (southern); also Scottish pre-1700 afaynd. N.E.D. (1884) also records a form early Middle English avond (southern). Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: a- prefix¹, fand v. Etymology: < a- prefix¹ + fand v. Compare Middle High German ervenden to try out, to experience. Compare afind v.The relative frequency of past participle forms in -n perhaps results partly from association with strong past participles in -en suffix⁶ rather than solely from scribal transmission errors. The erroneous Old English imperative form of handa ( Tiberius Psalter xxv. 2, glossing Latin proba) is apparently by confusion with of handa ‘from the hand’, which occurs frequently in Old English psalters glossing Latin de manu. Obsolete. 1. a. transitive. To put to the test; to prove, try out; to test by experiment or experience. Also: to experience, undergo.In Old English also with object in genitive. ΘΚΠ the mind > attention and judgement > testing > try, test [verb (transitive)] cuneOE afondOE found1340 searcha1382 experiment1481 experience1541 probe1542 try1545 invent1548 sound1589 to bring or put to the test1594 plumb1599 to feel out1600 essay1656 test1748 plumb-line1875 to try out1888 the mind > attention and judgement > discovery > find out, discover [verb (transitive)] > by experience findOE afondOE afindOE the world > action or operation > endeavour > trial or experiment > trial, test, or testing > try or test [verb (transitive)] fandc893 costeneOE afondOE provea1200 fraista1300 assay1330 sayc1330 try1362 approvec1380 examinea1382 winnowa1382 tempt1382 tastea1400 assailc1405 essay1484 scryc1615 sensea1688 test1748 trial1981 dogfood1997 the mind > mental capacity > knowledge > knowledge, what is known > experience > [verb (transitive)] haveeOE cuneOE supOE yfeeleOE afondOE canOE seeOE knowc1175 provea1200 feelc1225 passa1325 fraistc1330 wielda1375 wita1450 experiment1484 approve1578 experiencea1586 resent1595 fand- the world > action or operation > undertaking > undertake [verb (transitive)] > something risky afondc1300 assailc1300 adventurea1387 to venture on (also upon1557 venture1559 venture1598 peril1849 the world > action or operation > endeavour > trial or experiment > make experiment of or with [verb (transitive)] afondc1300 assailc1300 found1340 assay1377 taste1382 experiment1524 experience1541 try1545 attempt1563 practise1632 explore1667 experimentate1670 to taste of1700 to try out1888 to try (something)(on) for size1979 fand- OE Ælfric Catholic Homilies: 2nd Ser. (Cambr. Gg.3.28) iv. 33 On ðære þriddan ylde afandode god Abrahames gehyrsumnysse, and het þæt he name his leofan sunu Isaac and hine..him geoffrode. OE West Saxon Gospels: Luke (Corpus Cambr.) xii. 56 La liceteras cunnege afandian [L. probare] heofones ansyne & eorþan, humeta na afandige [L. probatis] ge þas tide? OE Wærferð tr. Gregory Dialogues (Corpus Cambr.) (1900) iv. i. 262 Þam..þe þurh þone halgan gast habbað mid gewisse afandod & acunnod þara gyfena þæs heofonlican rices [L. inuisibilium experimentum habentibus]. ?a1200 (?OE) Peri Didaxeon (1896) 17 Þes læcecræf[t] hys fram manigum mannum afanded [L. a multis expertum est]. a1225 (?c1175) Poema Morale (Egerton) 149 in J. Zupitza & J. Schipper Alt- u. Mitteleng. Übungsbuch (1904) 85 (MED) Ful wambe mei lihtliche speken of hunger end festen..Hedde his a fanded sume stunde, he wolde eal segge oðer. c1300 St. John Evangelist (Harl.) l. 12 in F. J. Furnivall Early Eng. Poems & Lives Saints (1862) 106 (MED) Seint Iohan com to a kniȝt of Engelond As he was biȝunde see, auentoures to afonde [c1300 Laud fonde]. b. transitive. To tempt to evil.In Old English also with object in genitive. ΘΚΠ the mind > will > motivation > attraction, allurement, or enticement > attract, allure, or entice [verb (transitive)] > tempt afondOE fandOE assailc1225 temptc1230 tenta1250 attempta1513 assay1532 assaulta1535 attack1655 OE Ælfric Catholic Homilies: 1st Ser. (Royal) (1997) xi. 268 Hi [sc. þa deoflas] moton ure afandian, ac hi ne moton us nydan to nanum yfele. OE Ælfric Let. to Sigeweard (De Veteri et Novo Test.) (Laud) 47 Iob..wearð afandod þurh þone swicolan deofol, swa swa his boc us segð, þe he sylf gesette siþþan he afandod wæs. c1350 (a1333) William of Shoreham Poems (1902) 71 (MED) Wyþ foule handlyng Oþer oþer afondeþ. 2. transitive. With to-infinitive. To try, attempt. Cf. fand v. 5a. rare. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > endeavour > attempt [verb (transitive)] fandOE assayc1300 tryc1315 provec1330 adventurea1387 sayc1390 paina1400 havec1400 practisea1450 afforcec1487 afond1488 attempta1538 procure1574 endeavour1581 offer1611 poacha1616 attent1620 to venture at1623 essay1641 attentate1656 smacka1657 tempt1697 to try at1794 to have a go1802 to make a (good, poor, etc.) fist1833 tackle1847 to have or take a whack at1891 to make (or have, etc.) a stab at (something)1895 to have a dash (at)1916 1488 (c1478) Hary Actis & Deidis Schir William Wallace (Adv.) (1968–9) v. l. 874 Sotheron wald afaynd With haill power at-anys on thaim to sett. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2012; most recently modified version published online June 2022). < v.OE
随便看	flinch back one's hand flinch one's glass flinch one's hand flinch out flinch the flagon flinched flincher flinchers flinches flinching flinchingly flinchless flinder flinder-mouse flindermouse flinders flinders bar flindosa flindosae flindosas flindosies flindosy flindosyes flindosys fling