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单词 childhood
释义

childhoodn.

Brit. /ˈtʃʌɪldhʊd/, U.S. /ˈtʃaɪl(d)ˌ(h)ʊd/
Forms: see child n. and -hood suffix.
Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: child n., -hood suffix.
Etymology: < child n. + -hood suffix. Compare childhead n. and parallels cited at that entry.
1.
a. The state of being a child; the stage of life or period during which one is a child; the time from birth to puberty.Formerly also with plural with reference to more than one person.
ΘΚΠ
the world > people > person > child > [noun] > childhood
childhoodOE
childheadc1330
bairnheid1393
enfauncec1400
puerice1481
puerility1512
childage1548
childishness1597
leading-string1677
impuberty1785
cap and feather days1822
bairnhooda1835
child-life1841
pupillarity1846
tunic-hood1859
bread-and-butterhood1869
preadolescence1907
latency1910
puerilism1925
OE (Northumbrian) Lindisf. Gospels: Mark Mark ix. 21 Interrogauit patrem eius, quantum temporis est ex quo hoc ei accidit, at ille ait, ab infantia : gefrægn fæder his..huu longes firstes is of ðon ðis him gelamp soð he cuoeð from cildhad.
OE Cynewulf Elene 914 Syððan [se hælend] furþum weox of cildhade, symle cirde to him æhte mine.
lOE St. Nicholas (Corpus Cambr.) (1997) 84 He weox þa & ongan wel to þeonne; & ealswa he of cildhade to mare elde becom, þa ne cepte he nan þincg of þises middaneardes welon.
c1225 (?c1200) St. Katherine (Royal) (1981) 36 Þis meiden wes boðen federles & moderles of hire child-hade.
c1275 (?a1200) Laȝamon Brut (Calig.) (1978) l. 10134 He cuðen harpien wel an his child-haden [c1300 Otho child-hode].
a1398 J. Trevisa tr. Bartholomaeus Anglicus De Proprietatibus Rerum (BL Add. 27944) (1975) I. vi. i. 291 Infancia ‘þe firste childehode’, wiþouten teeþ..dureþ seuen monthis.
c1450 (c1440) S. Scrope tr. C. de Pisan Epist. of Othea (Longleat) (1904) 53 At a well..w[h]ere in there childehode they were wonte to pleye.
1535 Bible (Coverdale) Eccles. xii. A Childehode and youth is but vanite.
1567 R. Mulcaster tr. J. Fortescue Learned Commendation Lawes Eng. f. 107 Other lordes..in their childehoode..are brought vp in the kings house.
a1599 E. Spenser View State Ireland 111 in J. Ware Two Hist. Ireland (1633) Trayned up therein from their Child-hoods.
a1616 W. Shakespeare Winter's Tale (1623) i. i. 23 They were trayn'd together in their Child-hoods . View more context for this quotation
1646 J. Hall Horæ Vacivæ 35 Others..understand the Scriptures from their Childhoods.
1728 E. Chambers Cycl. (at cited word) The Anabaptists are Rebaptisants; baptizing those at Maturity who had been before baptized in Childhood.
1791 Gentleman's Mag. Jan. 22/1 A servant maid, who from her childhood had been slightly deaf.
1816 J. Austen Emma I. i. 4 She recalled..how she had..nursed her through the various illnesses of childhood.
1872 E. Peacock Mabel Heron I. i. 2 They had passed an unhappy childhood.
1932 A. Bell Cherry Tree vii. 93 What has happened to the cottage sweet-shops of our childhood?
1987 R. Godden Time to Dance (1989) 3 This was the end of our childhood; soon, even Rose would not want toys any more.
2011 Church Times 28 Oct. 16/3 In my childhood, in the land-locked Midlands, ‘holiday’ always meant ‘seaside’.
b. concrete. This state or age personified. Cf. youth n. 4.
ΚΠ
a1535 T. More Wks. (1557) sig. .iii I am called Chyldhod, in play is all my mynde, To cast a coyte, a cokstele, and a ball.
1605 J. Sylvester tr. G. de S. Du Bartas Deuine Weekes & Wks. ii. i. 344 So, soft Childhood puling Is wrung with Worms.
a1616 W. Shakespeare Macbeth (1623) ii. ii. 52 'Tis the Eye of Child-hood, That feares a painted Deuill. View more context for this quotation
1747 T. Gray Ode Eton Coll. 4 Ah Fields..Where once my careless Childhood stray'd.
1796 R. Southey Joan of Arc i. 219 Childhood..Listening with eager eyes and open lips Devoutly in attention.
a1839 W. M. Praed Poems (1864) I. 321 Fair Childhood hard at play.
1908 L. M. Montgomery Anne of Green Gables vii. 73 That simple little prayer, sacred to white-robed childhood lisping at motherly knees.
1987 L. Murray Coll. Poems (1991) 242 Childhood sleeps in a verandah room In an iron bed close to the wall Where the winter over the railing Swelled the blind on its timber boom.
c. figurative. An early stage of something. Cf. infancy n. 3.
ΘΚΠ
the world > relative properties > order > order, sequence, or succession > beginning > [noun] > the first part or beginning > the earliest stage(s)
beginningc1200
calendsc1374
crepusculum1398
childhood1549
infancy1555
rudiments1566
primordium1577
primitives1602
inchoation1652
inceptive1728
incunabula1824
baby step1825
inchoate1845
incipiency1858
incipience1864
1549 M. Coverdale et al. tr. Erasmus Paraphr. Newe Test. II. Ephes. iii. f. viiv This spiritual generacion also hath his childehood, hath his springing time, and than his perfite lusty growen age.
1597 W. Shakespeare Romeo & Juliet iii. iii. 94 Now I haue stainde the childhood of her ioy. View more context for this quotation
1630 tr. G. Botero Relations Famous Kingdomes World (rev. ed.) 138 The three ages of France: her child-hood, till Pepin: her man-hood, till Capet; her old age, till now.
1736 L. Welsted Scheme & Conduct Providence ii. 13 Reason was feeble and in its childhood, and unfit therefore for a contest.
1764 A. Purver in New & Literal Transl. Bks. Old & New Test. I. 647/2 The slender Authority of Muryler, in the Childhood of reviving the Hebrew.
1814 W. Scott Waverley I. iii. 35 The well-governed childhood of this realm. View more context for this quotation
a1834 S. T. Coleridge Lit. Remains (1838) III. 159 A scheme of physics and physiology compounded of Cartesian mechanics and empiricism (for it was the credulous childhood of experimentalism).
1856 J. G. Whittier Brewing of Soma i In the childhood of the world.
1936 G. B. Shaw Simpleton ii. 78 I am part of the furniture of your house. I am a matter of course... Was I that in the childhood of our marriage?
2000 Wildlife News Jan. 10/1 The 1960s were the childhood of the wildlife conservation movement throughout Britain.
2.
a. The quality of being like a child; behaviour characteristic of a child, childishness, childlikeness. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
the world > people > person > child > [noun] > quality of
childhoodlOE
childheada1325
childishness1526
childlikeness1744
bread-and-butterishness1843
childlinessa1846
lOE Revival of Monasticism in D. Whitelock et al. Councils & Synods (1981) I. 146 His broþor [sc. Eadwig].., se þurh his cildhades nytenesse þis rice tostencte.
a1225 (?c1175) Poema Morale (Lamb.) 7 in R. Morris Old Eng. Homilies (1868) 1st Ser. 161 (MED) Mest al þet ich habbe idon bi-fealt to child-hade.
a1393 J. Gower Confessio Amantis (Fairf.) ii. l. 1786 Sche upon childhode him tolde That Perse hir litel hound is ded.
a1450 (c1412) T. Hoccleve De Regimine Principum (Harl. 4866) (1897) l. 2058 Considerithe, how endityng..nat accorde may With my childhode; I am so childissh ay.
1480 Curia Sapiencie (Caxton) sig. aiiv Late ignoraunce & chyldhode haue the wyte.
1569 A. Golding tr. N. Hemmingsen Postill (new ed.) f. 339 Wee yeelde a holy chyldhoode, whervntoo Peter exhorteth vs, when he sayth: As new borne babes.
1697 J. Dryden tr. Virgil Georgics ii, in tr. Virgil Wks. 86 Upward while they shoot in open Air, Indulge their Child-hood, and the Nurseling spare. View more context for this quotation
1792 T. Cooper Reply Burke's Invective 20 Every person around them paying, even to their Childhood, that homage and respect which would be almost idolatrous to the maturity of Abilities or Virtue.
b. A childish action. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
the world > people > person > child > [noun] > actions or habits of
childhoodc1330
childhead1340
pueriles1576
childness1823
short-frock1885
the mind > mental capacity > lack of understanding > foolishness, folly > childish folly, childishness > [noun] > instance of
childhoodc1330
childhead1340
puerilityc1475
boytry?1542
childishness1587
babism1610
youthfullity1763
babyism1806
baby act1865
c1330 (?c1300) Bevis of Hampton (Auch.) l. 4617 Þer ich dede gret child-hod, Þat alto long y þer a-bod.
c1450 tr. G. Deguileville Pilgrimage Lyfe Manhode (Cambr.) (1869) 113 (MED) Whan j hadde don these tweyne chyldhodes while j hadde soukynge teeth..j bithouhte me that j wolde yit do harmes j nowe.
3. The relationship of child to parent; the state or condition of being a person's child; = childship n. 1 Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
society > society and the community > kinship or relationship > kinsman or relation > child > relationship to parent > [noun]
childerheadc1400
childhoodc1450
childship1535
filiality1615
c1450 (?a1402) J. Trevisa tr. De Regimine Principum (Digby 233) f. 1 (MED) He..aloweþ ȝoure chaste & worthi childhode to folwe þe lores of youre forfadres.
1585 R. Parsons Christian Directorie iv. 157 So are there two birthes, filiations, or chyldehodes in Messias; th' one, wherby he shalbe the sonne of God, and th' other wherby he shalbe the sonne of a virgine.
1608 W. Shakespeare King Lear vii. 336 Thou better knowest, The offices of nature, bond of child-hood . View more context for this quotation
1609 R. Bernard Shepheards Pract. in Faithfull Shepheard (new ed.) 18 Many discents doe not extinguish fatherhood and childhood in consanguinitie.
1629 Vse of Law 32 in J. Doddridge Lawyers Light The custome of Kent, that euery male of equall degree of Childhood, Brotherhood, or kindred, shall inherit equally.
a1641 T. Heywood Captives (1953) iv. i. 92 By these tokenis, these off her child hood most vnfallid signes. I knwe her ffor my doughter.
1710 B. Hoadly Original & Inst. Civil Govt. ii. 166 The Argument is drop'd which is taken merely from Fatherhood, & Childhood.
1847 E. Peabody On Relig. Decision 92 The Gospel will not accomplish its blessed mission to man until it shall have established this brotherhood of the species, this childhood of man to God, and this fatherhood of God to man, not as splendid theories, but as living, practical realities.

Compounds

C1. General attributive.
ΘΚΠ
the world > people > person > child > [adjective] > relating to childhood
childhood1600
bread and buttera1625
early1630
prepubertal1858
preschool1879
pre-intellectual1891
preadolescent1904
pre-kindergarten1912
prepuberal1913
pre-teen1929
prepubic1932
1600 W. Shakespeare Midsummer Night's Dream iii. ii. 203 All schooldaies friendshippe, childhood innocence. View more context for this quotation
1792 Gentleman's Diary 23 May charity and kind benevolence Our actions grace with childhood innocence.
1869 J. T. Coleridge Mem. J. Keble 312 Their childhood sports.
1931 E. Ferber in They brought their Women (1933) 240 Sometimes..she thought of America, of New York, dimly, fondly, as one remembers a childhood game, a schoolday sweetheart.
1965 M. H. Wolf Anything can happen in Vermont 42 Out of the nebulae of childhood memories, I seem to remember blueberrying with a small milk can.
1999 Calgary (Alberta) Sun (Nexis) 10 Feb. f8 [She] buried her childhood companion, her pet poodle Angel, in 1990.
C2.
childhood sweetheart n. a person with whom a romantic association was formed during childhood.
ΚΠ
1892 Janesville (Wisconsin) Gaz. 11 Jan. While in camp Don Toro is found by a childhood sweetheart, Michaela.
1941 Ogden (Utah) Standard-Examiner 24 Feb. 8/1 She is the archetype of that great American institution, the Girl Next Door—the childhood sweetheart.
2009 V. Coren For Richer for Poorer vii. 88 The only boyfriend I've ever had who wore a suit was my childhood sweetheart Daniel in his school uniform.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2013; most recently modified version published online March 2022).
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