cholinen.

Brit.

/ˈkəʊliːn/,

/ˈkəʊlɪn/, U.S.

/ˈkoʊˌlin/,

/ˈkoʊˌlaɪn/

Forms: Also cholin.

Etymology: < German cholin (A. Strecker 1862, in Ann. d. Chem. u. Pharm. CXXIII. 355), < Greek χολή bile + -ine suffix⁵.

Biochemistry.

A strong hygroscopic base, HO·N(CH₃)₃·CH₂CH₂OH, which is of widespread occurrence, either free or in combination, in living organisms and which is important biochemically as a source of methyl radicals, as a precursor of acetylcholine and other esters, and in the metabolism of fat; it is sometimes regarded as a vitamin of the B group. Formerly also called bilineurine, etc., and confused with neurine. Also attributive and in other combinations.

ΘΚΠ

the world > matter > chemistry > organic chemistry > organic bases > [noun]

creatine1835

cystine1843

ammeline1846

creatinine1847

thialdine1847

toluidine1850

pyrrole base1853

parapicoline1857

pinacoline1866

xanthinine1868

choline1869

xanthocreatinine1887

xanthocreatine1891

Schiff base1892

tar base1921

thiocholine1929

1869–71 H. Watts Dict. Chem. VI. 448 Strecker in 1861 obtained from pigs' bile, and afterwards from ox-bile, a base which he called choline.

1869–71 H. Watts Dict. Chem. VI. 448 Choline or Neurine, C₅H₁₅NO₂.

1910 Encycl. Brit. III. 827/2 Choline (bilineurine, sincaline)..is found in the bile, in brain substance, and in yolk of egg in the form of lecithin.

1919 Nature 20 Nov. 323/2 Lecithin, which is undoubtedly used in the construction of the tissues, plays a like part in detoxicating cholin.

1942 L. Lichtwitz Functional Pathol. i. 6 As cholin takes part in the formation of lecithin, it is present in considerable quantities in nerve tissue.

1946 Nature 2 Nov. 630/1 The rate of phospholipid turnover in the rat's kidney is greatest at the time..when the kidney is most susceptible to choline deficiency, and..the turnover is greatly reduced in choline-deficient animals.

1950 R. J. Williams et al. Biochem. B Vitamins 431 One might associate a vitamin function with choline for its role in acetylcholine synthesis, were it not so difficult to extend this to micro-organisms.

1968 A. White et al. Princ. Biochem. (ed. 4) xxi. 502 Certain analogues of choline,..although foreign to nature, are incorporated into lecithin and prevent the fatty liver of choline deficiency.

Derivatives

choˈlinic adj. as in cholinic acid, obtained by digesting bile with dilute hydrochloric acid.

ΚΠ

1858 J. L. W. Thudichum Treat. Pathol. Urine 271 A mixture of the salts of cholic and cholinic acids.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1889; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	choline
释义	cholinen. Brit. /ˈkəʊliːn/, /ˈkəʊlɪn/, U.S. /ˈkoʊˌlin/, /ˈkoʊˌlaɪn/ Forms: Also cholin. Etymology: < German cholin (A. Strecker 1862, in Ann. d. Chem. u. Pharm. CXXIII. 355), < Greek χολή bile + -ine suffix⁵. Biochemistry. A strong hygroscopic base, HO·N(CH₃)₃·CH₂CH₂OH, which is of widespread occurrence, either free or in combination, in living organisms and which is important biochemically as a source of methyl radicals, as a precursor of acetylcholine and other esters, and in the metabolism of fat; it is sometimes regarded as a vitamin of the B group. Formerly also called bilineurine, etc., and confused with neurine. Also attributive and in other combinations. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > chemistry > organic chemistry > organic bases > [noun] creatine1835 cystine1843 ammeline1846 creatinine1847 thialdine1847 toluidine1850 pyrrole base1853 parapicoline1857 pinacoline1866 xanthinine1868 choline1869 xanthocreatinine1887 xanthocreatine1891 Schiff base1892 tar base1921 thiocholine1929 1869–71 H. Watts Dict. Chem. VI. 448 Strecker in 1861 obtained from pigs' bile, and afterwards from ox-bile, a base which he called choline. 1869–71 H. Watts Dict. Chem. VI. 448 Choline or Neurine, C₅H₁₅NO₂. 1910 Encycl. Brit. III. 827/2 Choline (bilineurine, sincaline)..is found in the bile, in brain substance, and in yolk of egg in the form of lecithin. 1919 Nature 20 Nov. 323/2 Lecithin, which is undoubtedly used in the construction of the tissues, plays a like part in detoxicating cholin. 1942 L. Lichtwitz Functional Pathol. i. 6 As cholin takes part in the formation of lecithin, it is present in considerable quantities in nerve tissue. 1946 Nature 2 Nov. 630/1 The rate of phospholipid turnover in the rat's kidney is greatest at the time..when the kidney is most susceptible to choline deficiency, and..the turnover is greatly reduced in choline-deficient animals. 1950 R. J. Williams et al. Biochem. B Vitamins 431 One might associate a vitamin function with choline for its role in acetylcholine synthesis, were it not so difficult to extend this to micro-organisms. 1968 A. White et al. Princ. Biochem. (ed. 4) xxi. 502 Certain analogues of choline,..although foreign to nature, are incorporated into lecithin and prevent the fatty liver of choline deficiency. Derivatives choˈlinic adj. as in cholinic acid, obtained by digesting bile with dilute hydrochloric acid. ΚΠ 1858 J. L. W. Thudichum Treat. Pathol. Urine 271 A mixture of the salts of cholic and cholinic acids. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1889; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.1858
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