| 释义 |
adzen. Origin: Of unknown origin. Etymology: Origin unknown. Perhaps compare axe n.1 Compare eatche n.A number of attempts have been made to find a further etymology of this word, but these are all problematic; a summary and discussion can be found in A. Liberman Analyt. Dict. Eng. Etymol. (2008) 1–3. In Old English the word usually is a weak masculine (adesa ); a weak feminine by-form (adese ) is very occasionally attested. In Old English, the word originally had a back vowel in its medial syllable, and consequently the vowel of the first syllable was a (rather than æ ; e.g. early Old English adosa), except in Mercian, where the initial vowel became æ by Second Fronting, and the following back vowel caused back mutation to ea (e.g. Mercian eadesa, eadusa). Forms such as early modern English addice clearly show a voiceless fricative, perhaps the result of sporadic failure of voicing of intervocalic fricatives (f , s , þ ) in Old English (compare A. Campbell Old Eng. Gram. (1959) §445). Forms with initial n- show metanalysis (see N n.). In regional (especially North American) use (in α. forms) sometimes attested with unchanged plural from the 17th to the 19th centuries. society > occupation and work > equipment > cutting tool > adze > [noun] society > occupation and work > equipment > cutting tool > axe > [noun] > small eOE tr. Bede (Tanner) iv. iii. 264 He..bær him æxe & adosan on honda [L. securim atque asciam in manu ferens]. OE Ælfric (St. John's Oxf.) 318 Ascia, adesa [OE Harl. 107 adese]. lOE (Corpus Cambr.) xv. 455 He sceal fela tola to tune tilian & fela andlomena to husan habban: æcse, adsan, bil, byrse. 1415 Inventory in (1918) 70 99 (MED) Vn Adise, pris ij d. a1425 (c1395) (Royal) (1850) Isa. xliv. 13 A carpenter stretchide forth a reule, he fourmyde it with an adese [a1382 E.V. in a grauyng iren; L. runcina]. tr. Palladius (Duke Humfrey) (1896) i. l. 1161 (MED) Get rakis, crokis, adsis..And doubil bityng axis for this thornys. 1530 J. Palsgrave 193/1 Addis a coupers instrument. Dolovere. 1578 R. Scot (rev. ed.) 27 Prepare a toole af yron fashioned somewhat lyke to a Coopers Addes. 1594 T. Nashe sig. D2 Some had barres of yron..some wood kniues, some addises for theyr weapons. 1665 S. Pepys 22 Sept. (1972) VI. 236 An Ewe-tree..which upon cutting with an addes, we found to be rather harder then the living tree usually is. 1679 J. Moxon I. vii. 121 The Adz..hath its Blade made thin, and somewhat arching. 1719 D. Defoe 79 I had..to cut down a Tree..hew it flat on either Side with my Axe..and then dubb it smooth with my Adze. 1769 J. Cook 1 May (1955) I. 86 He cast his eye upon the Adze I had..that was made in immitation of one of their Stone Adzes. 1801 A. Young 110 Mole or Ant-Hills are removed by chopping round them with a heavy adze or grubbing hoe. 1870 2 160 One stone adze.., one fine flint hatchet.., four oval flint knives or spear-heads. 1934 Aug. 298/1 Given a rough-hewn effect with a carpenter's adz, this sturdy, wheeled terrace table is both attractive and practical. 1998 (Nexis) 6 Dec. 18 The dogs are not fed until they sniff a hidden truffle... The master then delicately prises open the hard earth with his narrow-bladed adze. Compounds1774 Aug. 425/2 The adze blade is extremely tough, but not very hard. 1842 I. 95 (caption) Toothed Adze-head. 1844 C. Wilkes I. 332 Their adzes..were formed of the tridachna or cassis shell, lashed on a handle somewhat resembling our adze-handles. 1896 9 44 The thongs which bound it to an adze-haft. 1912 C. Wissler 58 The adze tool used in dressing buffalo skins. 1964 2 145/2 Also of interest are the models of kayaks.., adz handles and clay pots, all of walrus ivory, found in various graves. 2003 12 Apr. 234/2 The experts—who had passed through apprenticeships of 5 to 10 years—made a different breed of adze blades than novices did. C2. 1857 17 Apr. (advt.) Maydole's cast steel Adze Eye Hammers. 1865 Synopsis of Evid. 15 in v. One claw hammer... Jones's steel-faced and claw, adze eye. 1872 25 May 357/2 (advt.) Manufacturers of the celebrated ‘Washoe’ Adze Eye Picks. 1910 E. G. Allen iv. 70 Hammers made with the adze-eye hold the handle better than does the hammer made without it. 1952 1 Nov. 33/5 (advt.) 16 oz. Octagon head adze eye claw hammer. 1978 P. B. Kebabian iii. 45/1 David Maydole of Norwich, New York, who established his hammer manufactory in 1843, introduced the ‘adz-eye’ hammer. He extended the eye for an inch or so, providing a firmer support for the handle. 1998 S. Nagyszalanczy (2000) 71 Maydole..never patented his design, though practically all hammers made since 1900 incorporate his adze-eye head. Derivatives 1822 T. Cromwell 99 20 chisel, or adze-like implements, evidently of great antiquity. 1933 35 96 The copper adze-like axe in the palæo-metallic epoch became widely distributed. 2007 A. Bridgewater & G. Bridgewater 80/2 Large hoes with adze-like heads. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2011; most recently modified version published online March 2022). adzev.Origin: Formed within English, by conversion. Etymon: adze n. society > occupation and work > industry > building or constructing > constructing or working with wood > build or construct with wood [verb (transitive)] > trim, smooth, or plane 1744 R. North & M. North 118 Every Piece, put in, being an whole Tree, and those only adzed, so as to lie close. 1808 J. Phillips et al. (ed. 12) 97/1 (table) Old joists adzed to a level. 1845 T. Carlyle in O. Cromwell II. 317 Hammering, adzing, sawing at the Ship of the State. 1896 H. L. Roth I. vii. 162 The lower piece was adzed out like a trough. 1936 J. Cary vi. 123 The noise of her grandfather adzing a canoe. 1998 P. Grace (1999) xxv. 202 Abe had adzed a figure out of a railway sleeper. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2011; most recently modified version published online December 2021). <  n.eOEv.1744 |
