chastenv.¹

/ˈtʃeɪs(ə)n/

Etymology: < chaste v. + -en suffix²: taking the place of the earlier chaste v.

1. transitive. To inflict disciplinary or corrective punishment on; to visit with affliction for the purpose of moral improvement; to correct, discipline, chastise. (Usually of Divine chastisement.)

ΘΚΠ

society > authority > punishment > [verb (transitive)] > inflict disciplinary or corrective punishment

thewc1175

castea1200

chaste?c1225

amendc1300

chastyc1320

chastise1362

corrigec1374

correct1377

scourgec1384

disple1492

orderc1515

nurturec1520

chasten1526

whip1530

discipline1557

school1559

swinge1560

penance1580

disciple1596

castigatea1616

to serve out1829

the world > the supernatural > deity > Christian God > activities of God > [verb (transitive)] > punish

smitelOE

punisha1325

scourgec1384

chasten1526

strike1577

1526 Bible (Tyndale) Heb. xii. 6 Whom the Lorde loveth, him he chasteneth.

1598 R. Barret Theorike & Pract. Mod. Warres iv. 96 He shall by this meanes chasten the vnruly and disobedient.

1611 Bible (King James) Psalms cxviii. 18 The Lord hath chastened me sore.

1611 Bible (King James) Dan. x. 12 Thou diddest set thine heart..to chasten thy selfe before thy God.

1859 Ld. Tennyson Enid in Idylls of King 87 The love Wherewith we love the Heaven that chastens us.

†2. To punish, chastise (generally). Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > emotion > humility > make humble [verb (transitive)]

edmodienc1175

lowc1175

meekc1175

lessa1382

abatec1390

abasea1393

belowc1400

meekenc1400

disadvance?c1425

simplec1450

lowlyc1485

humilea1492

chasten1526

to pare the nails ofa1549

lessen1579

vail1582

to take (something) a hole lower1591

destate1615

humblea1616

thorough-humblea1617

humiliate1656

level1712

unnichea1751

to level up, down1791

unpedestal1821

to take the starch out of1830

society > authority > punishment > [verb (transitive)]

threac897

tighta1000

beswinkc1175

punisha1325

chastise1362

paina1375

justifya1393

wage1412

reformc1450

chasten1526

thwart over thumba1529

chastifyc1540

amerce?1577

follow1579

to rap (a person) on the knuckles (also fingers)1584

finea1616

mulcta1620

fita1625

vindicate1632

trounce1657

reward1714

tawse1790

sort1815

to let (a person) have it1823

visit1836

to catch or get Jesse1839

to give, get goss1840

to have ita1848

to take (a person) to the woodshed1882

to give (one) snuff1890

soak1892

give1906

to weigh off1925

to tear down1938

zap1961

slap1968

1526 Bible (Tyndale) Luke xxiii. f. cxv^v I will therfore chasten hym and lett hym loosse.

c1534 tr. P. Vergil Eng. Hist. (1846) I. 160 He overcamme him and chastened him with crewell death.

1600 R. Hakluyt tr. A. de Mendoza Let. in Princ. Navigations (new ed.) III. 365 That your Maiestie would cause them to be chastened, which were the causes of their vexation.

3. To render chaste or pure in character or style; to purify, refine. (Cf. chaste adj. 8.)

ΘΚΠ

the world > physical sensation > cleanness and dirtiness > freedom from impurities > removal of impurities > remove impurities from [verb (transitive)]

mereeOE

spurge1303

fine1340

sendre1340

purea1350

purgec1350

purifya1398

depurea1400

clarifyc1430

expurge1483

defecatec1487

subtiliate1551

refine?1572

neatify1581

distil1599

sublimate1601

sweeten1601

depurate1620

infresh1635

lustre1645

lustrate1653

freshen1710

chasten1715

epurate1799

enchastena1806

dispollute1862

society > leisure > the arts > literature > style of language or writing > plainness > make plain or describe in plain terms [verb (transitive)] > purify style

chasten1856

1715 tr. G. Panciroli Hist. Memorable Things Lost I. iv. x. 190 The Ancients..were wont to strain their Snow..to chasten their Wine.

1856 R. W. Emerson Eng. Traits xiv. 235 A good writer..makes haste to chasten and nerve his period by English monosyllables.

4. figurative. To restrain from excess or intensity; to moderate, temper, subdue. (Cf. chaste adj. 7.)

ΘΚΠ

the world > action or operation > manner of action > lack of violence, severity, or intensity > make less violent or severe [verb (transitive)]

temperc1000

keelc1175

slakea1300

abate?c1335

settle1338

swagea1340

modifyc1385

rebatea1398

bate1398

moder1414

releasea1425

remiss?a1425

moderate1435

alethe?1440

delaya1450

appal1470

addulce1477

mollify1496

mean?a1513

relent1535

qualify1536

temperatea1540

aplake1578

slack1589

relaxate1598

milden1603

mitigate1611

relax1612

alleniate1615

allay1628

alloy1634

castigate1653

smoothen1655

tendera1656

mitify1656

meeken1662

remitigate1671

obviscate1684

slacken1685

chastise1704

dulcify1744

absorb1791

demulceate1817

chasten1856

modulate1974

mediate1987

the world > action or operation > behaviour > good behaviour > restrained or moderate behaviour > make moderate (behaviour) [verb (transitive)] > a person

chasten1856

steady1913

1856 E. K. Kane Arctic Explor. I. xx. 246 I am not as sanguine as I was—time and experience have chastened me.

1856 J. A. Froude Hist. Eng. (1858) I. ii. 110 The feuds of the families had been chastened, if they had not been subdued.

1884 R. Browning Ferishtah's Fancies (1885) 318 Reflected possibilities of pain, Forsooth, just chasten pleasure!

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1889; most recently modified version published online March 2019).

单词	chasten
释义	chastenv.¹ /ˈtʃeɪs(ə)n/ Etymology: < chaste v. + -en suffix²: taking the place of the earlier chaste v. 1. transitive. To inflict disciplinary or corrective punishment on; to visit with affliction for the purpose of moral improvement; to correct, discipline, chastise. (Usually of Divine chastisement.) ΘΚΠ society > authority > punishment > [verb (transitive)] > inflict disciplinary or corrective punishment thewc1175 castea1200 chaste?c1225 amendc1300 chastyc1320 chastise1362 corrigec1374 correct1377 scourgec1384 disple1492 orderc1515 nurturec1520 chasten1526 whip1530 discipline1557 school1559 swinge1560 penance1580 disciple1596 castigatea1616 to serve out1829 the world > the supernatural > deity > Christian God > activities of God > [verb (transitive)] > punish smitelOE punisha1325 scourgec1384 chasten1526 strike1577 1526 Bible (Tyndale) Heb. xii. 6 Whom the Lorde loveth, him he chasteneth. 1598 R. Barret Theorike & Pract. Mod. Warres iv. 96 He shall by this meanes chasten the vnruly and disobedient. 1611 Bible (King James) Psalms cxviii. 18 The Lord hath chastened me sore. View more context for this quotation 1611 Bible (King James) Dan. x. 12 Thou diddest set thine heart..to chasten thy selfe before thy God. 1859 Ld. Tennyson Enid in Idylls of King 87 The love Wherewith we love the Heaven that chastens us. †2. To punish, chastise (generally). Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the mind > emotion > humility > make humble [verb (transitive)] edmodienc1175 lowc1175 meekc1175 lessa1382 abatec1390 abasea1393 belowc1400 meekenc1400 disadvance?c1425 simplec1450 lowlyc1485 humilea1492 chasten1526 to pare the nails ofa1549 lessen1579 vail1582 to take (something) a hole lower1591 destate1615 humblea1616 thorough-humblea1617 humiliate1656 level1712 unnichea1751 to level up, down1791 unpedestal1821 to take the starch out of1830 society > authority > punishment > [verb (transitive)] threac897 tighta1000 beswinkc1175 punisha1325 chastise1362 paina1375 justifya1393 wage1412 reformc1450 chasten1526 thwart over thumba1529 chastifyc1540 amerce?1577 follow1579 to rap (a person) on the knuckles (also fingers)1584 finea1616 mulcta1620 fita1625 vindicate1632 trounce1657 reward1714 tawse1790 sort1815 to let (a person) have it1823 visit1836 to catch or get Jesse1839 to give, get goss1840 to have ita1848 to take (a person) to the woodshed1882 to give (one) snuff1890 soak1892 give1906 to weigh off1925 to tear down1938 zap1961 slap1968 1526 Bible (Tyndale) Luke xxiii. f. cxv^v I will therfore chasten hym and lett hym loosse. c1534 tr. P. Vergil Eng. Hist. (1846) I. 160 He overcamme him and chastened him with crewell death. 1600 R. Hakluyt tr. A. de Mendoza Let. in Princ. Navigations (new ed.) III. 365 That your Maiestie would cause them to be chastened, which were the causes of their vexation. 3. To render chaste or pure in character or style; to purify, refine. (Cf. chaste adj. 8.) ΘΚΠ the world > physical sensation > cleanness and dirtiness > freedom from impurities > removal of impurities > remove impurities from [verb (transitive)] mereeOE spurge1303 fine1340 sendre1340 purea1350 purgec1350 purifya1398 depurea1400 clarifyc1430 expurge1483 defecatec1487 subtiliate1551 refine?1572 neatify1581 distil1599 sublimate1601 sweeten1601 depurate1620 infresh1635 lustre1645 lustrate1653 freshen1710 chasten1715 epurate1799 enchastena1806 dispollute1862 society > leisure > the arts > literature > style of language or writing > plainness > make plain or describe in plain terms [verb (transitive)] > purify style chasten1856 1715 tr. G. Panciroli Hist. Memorable Things Lost I. iv. x. 190 The Ancients..were wont to strain their Snow..to chasten their Wine. 1856 R. W. Emerson Eng. Traits xiv. 235 A good writer..makes haste to chasten and nerve his period by English monosyllables. 4. figurative. To restrain from excess or intensity; to moderate, temper, subdue. (Cf. chaste adj. 7.) ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > manner of action > lack of violence, severity, or intensity > make less violent or severe [verb (transitive)] temperc1000 keelc1175 slakea1300 abate?c1335 settle1338 swagea1340 modifyc1385 rebatea1398 bate1398 moder1414 releasea1425 remiss?a1425 moderate1435 alethe?1440 delaya1450 appal1470 addulce1477 mollify1496 mean?a1513 relent1535 qualify1536 temperatea1540 aplake1578 slack1589 relaxate1598 milden1603 mitigate1611 relax1612 alleniate1615 allay1628 alloy1634 castigate1653 smoothen1655 tendera1656 mitify1656 meeken1662 remitigate1671 obviscate1684 slacken1685 chastise1704 dulcify1744 absorb1791 demulceate1817 chasten1856 modulate1974 mediate1987 the world > action or operation > behaviour > good behaviour > restrained or moderate behaviour > make moderate (behaviour) [verb (transitive)] > a person chasten1856 steady1913 1856 E. K. Kane Arctic Explor. I. xx. 246 I am not as sanguine as I was—time and experience have chastened me. 1856 J. A. Froude Hist. Eng. (1858) I. ii. 110 The feuds of the families had been chastened, if they had not been subdued. 1884 R. Browning Ferishtah's Fancies (1885) 318 Reflected possibilities of pain, Forsooth, just chasten pleasure! This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1889; most recently modified version published online March 2019). † chastenv.² Obsolete. for chasen to chase v.¹ ΘΠ the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > going away > causing to go away > command to go away [verb (transitive)] > drive away feezec890 adriveeOE aflemeeOE off-driveeOE flemeOE withdrivec1000 adreveOE to drive outOE biwevea1300 chasec1300 void13.. catcha1325 firk1340 enchasec1380 huntc1385 to catch awayc1390 forcatch1393 to put offa1398 to cast awaya1400 to put outc1400 repel?a1439 exterminate1541 chasten1548 propulse1548 keir1562 hie1563 depulse1570 band1580 bandy1591 flit1595 ferret1601 profugate1603 extermine1634 1548 G. Wishart in Wodr. Soc. Misc. (1844) 17 To resyst the deuyll..and by all meanes to chasten him away. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1889; most recently modified version published online March 2021). < v.¹1526v.²1548
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chastenv.1

† chastenv.2

chastenv.¹

† chastenv.²