centrosomen.

Brit.

/ˈsɛntrə(ʊ)səʊm/, U.S.

/ˈsɛntrəˌsoʊm/

Inflections: Plural centrosomes, centrosomata.

Forms:

α. 1800s– centrosoma.

β. 1800s– centrosome.

Origin: Formed within English, by compounding. Etymons: centro- comb. form, -some comb. form.

Etymology: < centro- comb. form + -some comb. form.In sense 1 after German Centrosoma (also Centrosom; 1888 in this sense: T. Boveri, in Jenaische Zeitschr. Naturw. 22 752), itself after French corpuscule central (1887 in this sense: E. van Beneden & A. Neyt Nouvelles recherches sur la fécondation et la division mitosique chez l'Ascaride mégalocéphale 52). With use in sense 2 compare German Centrosoma (also Centrosom; 1895 in this sense: T. Boveri, in Verh. d. Physik.-Med. Ges. Würzburg 29 66; now Zentrosom).

Cell Biology.

†1. The small structure or body located at the centre of the aster during mitosis, the parts of which were subsequently distinguished as centriole (see centriole n.), centrosome (see sense 2), and centrosphere (see centrosphere n. 2). Obsolete (historical in later use).

ΘΚΠ

the world > life > biology > biological processes > genetic activity > genetic components > [noun] > chromosome > centriole

centrosome1889

centriole1895

1889 P. Geddes & J. A. Thomson Evol. Sex xi. 146 Both Van Beneden and Boveri have recently agreed on the existence of two ‘central corpuscles’ (centrosomata) in the protoplasm.

1893 W. N. Parker & H. Rönnfeldt tr. A. Weismann Germ-plasm 25 The splitting is completed by the two halves being gradually drawn further apart towards the opposite poles of the nuclear spindle, until they finally approach the centre of attraction or centrosome.

1900 G. C. Bourne Introd. Compar. Anat. Anim. iii. 116 The centrosomata..divide very precociously during the telophase.

1912 E. A. Minchin Introd. Study Protozoa vi. 81 To the primary centrosome or centriole there may be added adventitious elements of protoplasmic or nuclear origin, thus forming a centrosomic complex.

1925 E. B. Wilson Cell (ed. 3) 1127 Centrosome, (1) originally, the central body lying at the astral center, and constituting an autonomous cell-organ; the division-center or dynamic center of the cell (Boveri, 1888).

2. An organelle, usually located near the nucleus of a cell, which is involved in the regulation of cell cycle progression and the organization of microtubules in the cell, esp. those which form the mitotic spindle. In animal cells the centrosome usually consist of two centrioles embedded in an amorphous mass of protein.

ΘΚΠ

the world > life > biology > substance > cell > cell organelle or contents > [noun] > other organelles or contents

raphide1831

body1839

raphid1863

mucigen1874

cell sap1875

globoid1875

raphis1879

pyrenoid1883

mucinogen1884

plastid1885

molluscum corpuscle1886

hyalosome1889

molluscum body1892

statolith1892

dictyosome1893

centrosome1895

Nissl body1898

Nissl granule1898

Nissl substance1899

archespore1901

blepharoplast1907

liposome1910

statocone1910

kinetosome1912

Golgi body1916

kinetoplast1925

lipochondrion1936

microsome1943

kappa1945

Pappenheimer body1947

microbody1954

lysosome1955

siderosome1957

ribosome1958

melanosome1961

cisterna1962

microtubule1962

plasmalemmasome1962

phagolysosome1963

informosome1964

monosome1964

mucocyst1965

peroxisome1965

rhoptry1967

spectrin1968

virosome1970

the world > life > biology > biological processes > genetic activity > genetic components > [noun] > chromosome > centrosome

centrosome1895

1895 Jrnl. Morphol. 11 468 The central mass of the sperm-aster, derived from the middle-piece, forms the centrosome..and at first contains no discernable centriole.

1925 E. B. Wilson Cell (ed. 3) 1127 Centrosome, (2)..in a more specific sense, the larger central body, composed of centroplasm, within which lies the much smaller centriole (Boveri, 1895, 1901).

1943 L. W. Sharp Fund. Cytol. 28 The aspect of the centrosome varies widely in cells of different kinds and especially in different stages of nuclear division.

1964 F. Brown & J. F. Danielli in G. H. Bourne Cytol. & Cell Physiol. (ed. 3) vi. 292 The second stage [of egg activation] follows engulfment of the spermatozoon and it is the centrosome which plays the active role and organizes the division apparatus.

2000 Nature 18 May 292/1 In most animal cells, a pair of centrioles resides in the centrosome—a macromolecular complex that organizes the microtubule system (part of the cell's internal skeleton).

Derivatives

ˌcentroˈsomal adj. of or relating to a centrosome (in either sense).

ΚΠ

1897 Proc. Acad. Sci. Calif.: Zool. 1 8 In this way the centrosomal spheres in the leucocytes are brought out strongly and chromatically.

1989 B. Alberts et al. Molecular Biol. Cell (ed. 2) xiii. 763 During interphase, the centrosomal material nucleates the growth of microtubules.

2008 Science 8 Feb. 695 Pericentrin, a centrosomal protein implicated in mitotic spindle anchoring and chromosome separation during cell division.

ˌcentroˈsomic adj. = centrosomal adj.

ΘΚΠ

the world > life > biology > substance > cell > cell organelle or contents > [adjective] > other organelles or contents

mucigenous1886

centrosomic1895

chromosomal1895

microsomal1897

lipochondrial1946

kinetosomal1949

microsomal1951

lysosomal1957

ribosomal1959

microtubular1963

peroxisomal1967

phagolysosomal1975

phagosomal1975

the world > life > biology > biological processes > genetic activity > genetic components > [adjective] > chromosome > centrosome

centrosomic1895

centriolar1911

1895 A. H. Buck Ref. Handbk. Med. Sci. IX. 402/2 As soon as cell division sets in..radiating lines are seen in the cytoplasm above and below the nucleus, these are called the centrosomic filaments, since they proceed from the two centrosomes.

1908 Q. Jrnl. Microsc. Sci. Mar. 253 I am unable to agree with Salvin-Moore and Breinl in regarding the kinetonucleus as of centrosomic nature.

2011 Internat. Jrnl. Oncol. 38 779/2 During prophase..and metaphase..PAR [= prostate androgen regulated (protein)] is localized in the centrosomic region and along the spindle fibers.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2016; most recently modified version published online December 2021).

单词	centrosome
释义	centrosomen. Brit. /ˈsɛntrə(ʊ)səʊm/, U.S. /ˈsɛntrəˌsoʊm/ Inflections: Plural centrosomes, centrosomata. Forms: α. 1800s– centrosoma. β. 1800s– centrosome. Origin: Formed within English, by compounding. Etymons: centro- comb. form, -some comb. form. Etymology: < centro- comb. form + -some comb. form.In sense 1 after German Centrosoma (also Centrosom; 1888 in this sense: T. Boveri, in Jenaische Zeitschr. Naturw. 22 752), itself after French corpuscule central (1887 in this sense: E. van Beneden & A. Neyt Nouvelles recherches sur la fécondation et la division mitosique chez l'Ascaride mégalocéphale 52). With use in sense 2 compare German Centrosoma (also Centrosom; 1895 in this sense: T. Boveri, in Verh. d. Physik.-Med. Ges. Würzburg 29 66; now Zentrosom). Cell Biology. †1. The small structure or body located at the centre of the aster during mitosis, the parts of which were subsequently distinguished as centriole (see centriole n.), centrosome (see sense 2), and centrosphere (see centrosphere n. 2). Obsolete (historical in later use). ΘΚΠ the world > life > biology > biological processes > genetic activity > genetic components > [noun] > chromosome > centriole centrosome1889 centriole1895 1889 P. Geddes & J. A. Thomson Evol. Sex xi. 146 Both Van Beneden and Boveri have recently agreed on the existence of two ‘central corpuscles’ (centrosomata) in the protoplasm. 1893 W. N. Parker & H. Rönnfeldt tr. A. Weismann Germ-plasm 25 The splitting is completed by the two halves being gradually drawn further apart towards the opposite poles of the nuclear spindle, until they finally approach the centre of attraction or centrosome. 1900 G. C. Bourne Introd. Compar. Anat. Anim. iii. 116 The centrosomata..divide very precociously during the telophase. 1912 E. A. Minchin Introd. Study Protozoa vi. 81 To the primary centrosome or centriole there may be added adventitious elements of protoplasmic or nuclear origin, thus forming a centrosomic complex. 1925 E. B. Wilson Cell (ed. 3) 1127 Centrosome, (1) originally, the central body lying at the astral center, and constituting an autonomous cell-organ; the division-center or dynamic center of the cell (Boveri, 1888). 2. An organelle, usually located near the nucleus of a cell, which is involved in the regulation of cell cycle progression and the organization of microtubules in the cell, esp. those which form the mitotic spindle. In animal cells the centrosome usually consist of two centrioles embedded in an amorphous mass of protein. ΘΚΠ the world > life > biology > substance > cell > cell organelle or contents > [noun] > other organelles or contents raphide1831 body1839 raphid1863 mucigen1874 cell sap1875 globoid1875 raphis1879 pyrenoid1883 mucinogen1884 plastid1885 molluscum corpuscle1886 hyalosome1889 molluscum body1892 statolith1892 dictyosome1893 centrosome1895 Nissl body1898 Nissl granule1898 Nissl substance1899 archespore1901 blepharoplast1907 liposome1910 statocone1910 kinetosome1912 Golgi body1916 kinetoplast1925 lipochondrion1936 microsome1943 kappa1945 Pappenheimer body1947 microbody1954 lysosome1955 siderosome1957 ribosome1958 melanosome1961 cisterna1962 microtubule1962 plasmalemmasome1962 phagolysosome1963 informosome1964 monosome1964 mucocyst1965 peroxisome1965 rhoptry1967 spectrin1968 virosome1970 the world > life > biology > biological processes > genetic activity > genetic components > [noun] > chromosome > centrosome centrosome1895 1895 Jrnl. Morphol. 11 468 The central mass of the sperm-aster, derived from the middle-piece, forms the centrosome..and at first contains no discernable centriole. 1925 E. B. Wilson Cell (ed. 3) 1127 Centrosome, (2)..in a more specific sense, the larger central body, composed of centroplasm, within which lies the much smaller centriole (Boveri, 1895, 1901). 1943 L. W. Sharp Fund. Cytol. 28 The aspect of the centrosome varies widely in cells of different kinds and especially in different stages of nuclear division. 1964 F. Brown & J. F. Danielli in G. H. Bourne Cytol. & Cell Physiol. (ed. 3) vi. 292 The second stage [of egg activation] follows engulfment of the spermatozoon and it is the centrosome which plays the active role and organizes the division apparatus. 2000 Nature 18 May 292/1 In most animal cells, a pair of centrioles resides in the centrosome—a macromolecular complex that organizes the microtubule system (part of the cell's internal skeleton). Derivatives ˌcentroˈsomal adj. of or relating to a centrosome (in either sense). ΚΠ 1897 Proc. Acad. Sci. Calif.: Zool. 1 8 In this way the centrosomal spheres in the leucocytes are brought out strongly and chromatically. 1989 B. Alberts et al. Molecular Biol. Cell (ed. 2) xiii. 763 During interphase, the centrosomal material nucleates the growth of microtubules. 2008 Science 8 Feb. 695 Pericentrin, a centrosomal protein implicated in mitotic spindle anchoring and chromosome separation during cell division. ˌcentroˈsomic adj. = centrosomal adj. ΘΚΠ the world > life > biology > substance > cell > cell organelle or contents > [adjective] > other organelles or contents mucigenous1886 centrosomic1895 chromosomal1895 microsomal1897 lipochondrial1946 kinetosomal1949 microsomal1951 lysosomal1957 ribosomal1959 microtubular1963 peroxisomal1967 phagolysosomal1975 phagosomal1975 the world > life > biology > biological processes > genetic activity > genetic components > [adjective] > chromosome > centrosome centrosomic1895 centriolar1911 1895 A. H. Buck Ref. Handbk. Med. Sci. IX. 402/2 As soon as cell division sets in..radiating lines are seen in the cytoplasm above and below the nucleus, these are called the centrosomic filaments, since they proceed from the two centrosomes. 1908 Q. Jrnl. Microsc. Sci. Mar. 253 I am unable to agree with Salvin-Moore and Breinl in regarding the kinetonucleus as of centrosomic nature. 2011 Internat. Jrnl. Oncol. 38 779/2 During prophase..and metaphase..PAR [= prostate androgen regulated (protein)] is localized in the centrosomic region and along the spindle fibers. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2016; most recently modified version published online December 2021). < n.1889
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