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单词 centric
释义

centricadj.n.

Brit. /ˈsɛntrɪk/, U.S. /ˈsɛntrɪk/
Forms: 1500s centricke, 1500s–1600s centrique, 1600s 1800s centrick, 1600s– centric.
Origin: Formed within English, by derivation; perhaps originally modelled on a Latin lexical item, or perhaps originally modelled on a Greek lexical item. Etymons: centre n.1, -ic suffix.
Etymology: < centre n.1 + -ic suffix, in sense A. 1 after post-classical Latin centricus (1540 or earlier) or its etymon Hellenistic Greek κεντρικός of or belonging to a cardinal point. Compare Middle French centrique that marks the centre, that passes through the centre (16th cent.). Compare earlier eccentric adj., eccentric n.In sense A. 4 ultimately after German centrisch (1871 in this sense: E. Pfitzer Untersuchungen über Bau und Entwickelung der Bacillariaceen (Diatomaceen) 147; now zentrisch).
A. adj.
1. Situated in or at the centre; central.
ΘΚΠ
the world > space > relative position > central condition or position > [adjective] > situated in the centre or middle
mideOE
middleeOE
mean1340
midwarda1400
moyen1481
centrica1593
midway1608
centricala1631
umbilical1742
middling1747
median1771
focal1825
a1593 C. Marlowe Tragicall Hist. Faustus (1604) sig. C3 The substance of this centricke earth?
1594 W. Shakespeare Henry VI, Pt. 2 sig. C To pierce the bowels of this Centricke earth.
a1631 J. Donne Poems (1633) 229 Some that have deeper digg'd loves Myne then I, Say, where his centrique happinesse doth lie.
1642 H. More Ψυχωδια Platonica sig. C Centrick all like one pellucid Sun.
1776 Ld. Kames Gentleman Farmer i. iii. 46 There are few traces of skill or contrivance in farm-houses; no regard to a centric situation, nor to a dry spot, nor to ventilation.
1783 H. Swinburne Trav. in Two Sicilies I. 206 They [sc. olive trees] are pruned into the form of a cup, by cutting out the centric upright branches.
1802 G. Colman Broad Grins 107 Centrick, in London noise..Proud Covent Garden blooms.
1893 Jrnl. Mental Sci. 39 224 The pain..was referred to a spot a little in front of the tip of the right ear, the patient sometimes introducing his finger into the mouth and pointing upwards to indicate its centric situation.
1914 S. E. Sheppard Photo-chem. vii. 299 In the benzene nucleus of organic chemistry we have in the centric skeleton already the suggestion of such a disposition of affinity.
1982 R. Arnheim Power of Center vii. 159 The human torso is the centric mass, the base from which limbs and head operate.
2012 N. Oneschkow in Proc. 9th FIB Symp. Civil Engin. 236 It is absolutely crucial..to ensure a centric loading in order to attain a uniform stress distribution.
2. Of, relating to, or characterized by a centre.
ΘΚΠ
the world > space > relative position > central condition or position > [adjective] > of or relating to or characterized by a centre
centric1660
1660 T. Salusbury tr. D. Bartoli Learned Man defended & Reform'd i. 87 The Centrick lines [It. le linee centrali] of both the eyes, called the Axis's.
1712 R. Blackmore Creation ii. 7 Orbs Centric and Excentric he prepares.
1789 W. Gilbank Day of Pentecost iv. 89 She jocund round the radiant Sun 'Gan take an equable and centric course.
1844 E. B. Barrett Poems II. 263 Stung to life by centric forces.
1884 F. O. Bower & D. H. Scott tr. H. A. de Bary Compar. Anat. Phanerogams & Ferns 406 In the first type, which may be called the centric, the chlorophyll-parenchyma is uniformly distributed around the entire organ.
1900 Montreal Med. Jrnl. 29 60 The muscular coat was greatly hypertrophied..in a peculiarly centric manner.
1977 R. Arnheim Dynamics Archit. Form iii. 85 These four decorative panels look orthogonally toward the center, creating a centric symmetry.
2006 Organization Sci. 17 264/2 Their work had a centric character—space was contained and compositional elements were placed around a central, often invisible axis.
3. Physiology. Of or relating to the central nervous system or to a nerve centre; = central adj. 6 Cf. centre n.1 14. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
the world > life > the body > nervous system > cerebrospinal axis > [adjective] > grey matter > nerve centre
ganglionic1825
centric1833
central1838
intercentral1870
1833 M. Hall in Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 123 637 The operation of all these various causes of muscular contraction may be designated centric, as taking place at, or at least in a direction from, central parts of the nervous system.
1871 T. Watson Lect. Physic (ed. 5) I. 570 When the irritating cause operates directly on the spinal cord itself, he calls the disease centric tetanus.
1873 F. E. Anstie in E. H. Clarke Sex in Educ. 110 A non-inflammatory centric atrophy.
1879 W. B. Carpenter Princ. Mental Physiol. (ed. 5) i. ii. §73. 77 Movements..simply centric, depending upon an excited condition of the ganglionic centres.
4. Botany. Of a diatom: not markedly elongated along any axis; having broadly radial rather than bilateral symmetry. Cf. pennate adj. 4.Traditionally regarded as characterizing a distinct class of diatoms (variously named as Centricae, Centrales, or Coscinodiscophyceae), though this is now considered to be a paraphyletic group.
ΚΠ
1899 Jrnl. Royal Microsc. Soc. 515 The fourth type [of auxospore formation], a purely non-sexual one, where one auxospore results from a single mother-cell, appears to be the sole one in the group of ‘centric diatoms’.
1926 Amer. Naturalist 60 469 It is found that the pennate Diatoms have diploid vegetative cells, while in the centric Diatoms they are haploid.
1972 M. J. Ursin Life in & around Salt Marshes 6 They are divided into two classes: centric diatoms, whose frustules form a pattern that radiates from the center in a somewhat uniform design; and pennate diatoms, which are considerably smaller and are cigar-shaped, with a point at each end.
1995 C. van den Hoek et al. Algae ix. 137/1 The class Bacillariophyceae contains two major groups, the centric diatoms and the pennate diatoms.
5. Biology. Relating to or involving the centromere of a chromosome; (of a chromosomal section or fragment) containing a centromere; functioning as a centromere. Cf. acentric adj. 2.
ΘΚΠ
the world > life > biology > biological processes > genetic activity > genetic components > [adjective] > chromosome > centromere
acentric1899
telomitic1917
centric1937
paracentric1938
pericentric1938
metacentric1939
telocentric1939
centromeric1941
multicentric1941
polycentric1943
acrocentric1945
subtelocentric1954
submetacentric1957
subacrocentric1960
1937 Proc. Royal Soc. B. 124 354 The centric constriction at the earliest stage of this division lies in the axis of the spindle.
1963 New Scientist 30 May 485/1 Two acrocentric chromosomes break near their centromeres (in one case, with the loss of the centric region).
1998 R. Appels et al. Chromosome Biol. xv. 215/1 The difference in chromosome number in the two species may be due to either centric fusion of two acrocentric chromosomes..or centric fission of metacentric chromosomes to give two acrocentric chromosomes.
2012 J. T. Bushberg et al. Ess. Physics Med. Imaging (ed. 3) xx. 763 Ring formation may result from two breaks in the same chromosome in which the two broken ends of the centric fragment recombine.
6. Taking something as a priority or focus (usually to an excessive extent or to the exclusion of other things). See -centric comb. form and cf. earlier centricity n. 2.
ΚΠ
1990 S. Bordo in L. J. Nicholson Feminism/Postmodernism 140 We always ‘see’ from points of view that are invested with our social, political, and personal interests, inescapably ‘centric’ in one way or another.
1991 N. Caraway Segregated Sisterhood ii. 53 The social positions we inhabit, theoretically rendered, place us all inescapably in a ‘centric’ bind.
2000 R. Emig in R. West & F. Lay Subverting Masculinity iii. 210 The evolving type of the homosexual is a product of this schizophrenia defined, on the one hand, as ‘not natural’, ‘not manly’, ‘not moral’, in opposition to the centric ideals of the nineteenth century.
2002 V. Plumwood in R. J. Falmagne & M. Hass Representing Reason ii. 60 When we examine carefully the analyses of feminists who have essayed an explanation of the phallocentric or androcentric structure that feminists have found problematic, we see similar evidence that indicates an implicit appeal to a centric type of analysis.
2012 B. Tibi Islam in Global Politics i. 10 To dismiss Eurocentric views of history, but also to argue that the Islamic contestation of modern globalization is a mere revolt against the hegemony of the West, since it is also driven by a centric view of the world: Islamocentrism.
B. n.
1. With reference to the geocentric astronomy of Ptolemy: a circle or circular orbit having the earth as its centre. rare and historical.
ΘΚΠ
the world > the universe > heavenly body > movement of heavenly bodies > [noun] > movement in orbit > orbit > centric
centric1667
1667 J. Milton Paradise Lost viii. 83 How gird the Sphear With Centric and Eccentric scribl'd o're, Cycle and Epicycle. View more context for this quotation
1842 People's Democratic Guide Apr. 157/2 Those who could discourse of centrics and excentrics—of cycles, epicicles [sic], and chrystaline orbs, were supposed to be acquainted with the theory of the solar system.
1907 W. E. Johnson Math. Geogr. xiv. 276 He [sc. Ptolemy]..invented a most ingenious system of ‘cycles’, ‘epicycles’, ‘deferents’, ‘centrics’, and ‘eccentrics’ (now happily swept away by the Copernican system).
2001 Jrnl. Thought 36 8 When astronomers observed heavenly motions that conflicted with the dominant geocentric view, they improvised hypotheses about centrics, eccentrics, epicycles, equants, and the like.
2. Botany. A diatom having broadly radial rather than bilateral symmetry. Cf. sense A. 4.
ΚΠ
1962 in Proc. 2nd Internat. Interdisciplinary Conf. Marine Biol. (1966) 23 Am I right in saying that there are no really large centrics—100 μ and above—found in lakes?
1996 R. Patrick Rivers U.S. III. ix. 339 The predominance of centrics or pennates varied between 1956 and 1968, but centrics were dominant from 1969 through 1974.
2015 E. B. Sherr Marsh Mud & Mummichogs ii. 27 The community of diatoms in the plankton is dominated by centrics.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2016; most recently modified version published online December 2021).

> see also

also refers to : -centriccomb. form
<
adj.n.a1593
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