† charn.¹

Obsolete or dialect.

Categories »

Return, turn; turn of work: see chare n.¹

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1889; most recently modified version published online March 2021).

† charn.²

Forms: Also Middle English ( chiare), Middle English–1500s chare, Middle English chaar(e, Middle English–1500s charre, Middle English charr, 1500s Scottish cher, 1600s–1800s chair n.²

Etymology: < French char (12th cent. in Littré) < Latin carrus . But the form charre (and possibly chare in some quots.) was perhaps < Old French charre < Latin carra ; see car n.¹

Obsolete.

1. A chariot, car: a cart, wagon. Later examples show the French word char used in English-language contexts in the nineteenth century.

ΘΚΠ

society > travel > means of travel > a conveyance > vehicle > cart, carriage, or wagon > [noun]

carc1320

chara1400

charet?a1400

wagon1542

carry1600

rotan1676

messagerie1777

pillbox1789

bandy1791

Pennsylvania wagon1800

gharry1810

rath1813

vardo1819

rig1831

society > travel > means of travel > a conveyance > vehicle > cart, carriage, or wagon > carriage for conveying persons > [noun] > types of carriage > with transverse seats

char1802

char-à-banc1816

a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 9162 Helias was..Translated in a golden chiare [Fairf., Gött., Trin. Cambr. chare].

a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Fairf. 14) l. 4657 To ride in þe kingis chare.

c1405 (c1385) G. Chaucer Knight's Tale (Hengwrt) (2003) l. 1292 Aboute his Chaar [so 3 MSS.; char⁻², chare⁻²] ther wente white Alauntz.

c1420 Pallad. on Husb. i. 957 When Phebus chare hath goon aboute it twye.

1480 W. Caxton Chron. Eng. ccxliv. 294 Al the horses drawyng the chare were trapped in blak.

a1500 Lancelot of Laik (1870) 4 Uprisith arly in his fyre chare.

a1500 Lancelot of Laik (1870) 735 Mony o strong chariot and cher.

1523 Ld. Berners tr. J. Froissart Cronycles I. ccclxiii. 591 Sixe chares laded with..brede and wyne.

1676 T. Hobbes tr. Homer Iliads xii. 175 For all his flaming Horses and his Charre.

1802 H. Eckersall in T. Malthus Trav. Diaries (1966) 296 We..were much entertain'd with the Philosophic discource of the driver of our char on the over-population of his country [sc. Switzerland].

1816 P. B. Shelley Let. 22 July (1964) I. 495 It is possible to accomplish the rest of the journey in a char du pays.

1817 H. C. B. Campbell Journey to Florence (1951) 57 As there are few or no travellers in winter it is then that they go [to church] occasionally in a char.

?a1828 D. Wordsworth Jrnl. Tour Continent in Jrnls. (1941) II. 267 Our gentlemen..hired a char-a-banc with two horses... Two Shopkeepers..had helped them to procure the char.

?a1828 D. Wordsworth Jrnl. Tour Continent in Jrnls. (1941) II. 150 Our cloaks and coats..he had cunningly locked up in a seat of the Char.

1868 G. M. Hopkins Jrnls. & Papers (1959) 171 At Alpnach we took a char to Lungern.

2. ? A cart-load. char of lead (see quot.).

ΚΠ

c1550 J. Balfour Practicks (1754) 87 (Jam.) For ane char of leid, that is to say, xxiiii fotinellis, iiiid.

1672 Cowel's Interpr. Charre of Lead, consists of thirty pigs, each pig containing six stone wanting two pound, and every stone being twelve pound, Assisa de ponderibus, Rob. 3 R. Scot, cap. 22, sect. 2.

1708 J. Kersey Dict. Anglo-Britannicum Charre of Lead, a Quantity that consists of 30 Pigs, each Pig containing six Stone wanting two Pounds, and every Stone being 12 Pounds. [Erroneously made by Bailey, 1721, into Charge of Lead, which is copied into mod. Dicts. as a current term!]

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1889; most recently modified version published online March 2021).

charn.³

Brit.

/tʃɑː/, U.S.

/tʃɑr/

Forms: 1600s chare, charre, 1600s–1700s charr, shard, 1700s– char.

Etymology: Known in books only since 17th cent.; but may have been in local use long before. Etymology unknown: possibly of Celtic origin; compare Gaelic ceara red, blood-coloured, cear blood; also the Welsh name torgoch red-bellied.

Zoology.

1. A small fish ( Salmo salvelinus) of the trout kind, found in the lakes of mountainous districts in the north and in Wales, and esteemed a delicacy.

ΘΚΠ

the world > animals > fish > class Osteichthyes or Teleostomi > order Salmoniformes (salmon or trout) > family Salmonidae (salmon) > [noun] > genus Salvelinus > salmo salvelinus (char)

trout1604

case1658

char1662

red-bellied trout1787

red-spotted trout1884

1662 E. Phillips New World Eng. Words (ed. 2) Chare, a kind of fish which breeds most peculiarly in Winandermere in Lancashire.

1668 Bp. J. Wilkins Ess. Real Char. 141 Trout, Charr.

1668 W. Charleton Onomasticon Zoicon 155 Trutta Minor..a Shard.

1674 J. Ray Coll. Eng. Words 109 There are two sorts taken in Winander-mere. The greater having a red belly they call the red Charre: and the lesser having a white belly, which they call the Gilt or Gelt Charre.

1755 S. Johnson Dict. Eng. Lang. Shard..4. A sort of fish.

1769 T. Pennant Brit. Zool. (new ed.) III. iv. 261 The Gelt, or Barren Charr.

1769 E. Raffald Experienced Eng. House-keeper ii. 38 To pot Chars.

1863 S. Baring-Gould Iceland 100 Trout and char from the lakes supply me with food.

1882 J. Payn Hotels in Private Views 184 Among other native delicacies, they give you fresh char cooked to a turn.

in combination.1738 Defoe's Tour Great Brit. (ed. 2) II. 295 The Char Fish..which we see in Lancashire, and also in..Switzerland.

2. The Brook Trout ( Salmo fontinalis) of U.S.

ΚΠ

1864 in Webster's Amer. Dict. Eng. Lang.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1889; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

charn.⁴

Etymology: < char v.²

A charred substance. spec. = bone-black (bone black n. at bone n.¹ Compounds 6).

ΘΚΠ

the world > matter > properties of materials > temperature > heat > burning > products of burning > [noun] > a charred substance

char1879

the world > matter > properties of materials > temperature > heat > burning > [noun] > consumption by fire > to carbon > substance

char1879

1879 H. W. Warren Recreations in Astron. ii. 21 The sun itself will become..dead as a burned-out char.

1881 Echo 21 Mar. 6 The coke or char left in the retorts.

1887 Cent. Mag. Nov. 113/2 The ‘char’ must be washed with hot water..and dried in a kiln.

1902 Encycl. Brit. XXXIII. 47 Vessels..of such diameter as to hold a given quantity of animal charcoal (also called ‘bone-black’ and ‘char’).

1902 Encycl. Brit. XXXIII. 47 This..‘sweet water’ is sometimes..passed through the char filter.

1959 Times 3 Jan. 10/1 The coal is heated to a temperature of 400 to 450 deg. C., and the product is known as a char—in distinction from coke, which is formed by heating alone, without air.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1889; most recently modified version published online September 2018).

charn.⁵

Brit.

/tʃɑː/, U.S.

/tʃɑr/

Etymology: Shortened < charwoman n.

colloquial.

= charwoman n.

ΘΚΠ

the world > physical sensation > cleanness and dirtiness > cleaning > cleaning house > [noun] > one who

womanOE

scouring womana1627

schorerc1638

house cleaner1695

charmaid1882

spring cleaner1883

charman1888

charlady1895

char-boy1902

char1906

Putzfrau1906

chargirl1932

Mrs Mop1948

society > authority > subjection > service > servant > personal or domestic servant > domestic servant > [noun] > servant who lives out > charwoman

charwoman1596

schorerc1638

femme de ménage1826

char1906

daily1933

obliger1941

Mrs Mop1948

1906 Daily Chron. 7 June 3/4 We find him trying to gain a pension for ‘Granny Deane’, his ancient ‘char’.

1919 C. Orr Glorious Thing viii. 89 I had to scrub the kitchen today, because the char couldn't come.

1951 Mind 60 487 There is no point in telling one's char to wash the marble halls one dreamt one dwelt in.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1933; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

charn.⁶

Brit.

/tʃɑː/, U.S.

/tʃɑr/

Etymology: Popular spelling of cha n.

slang.

Tea.

ΘΚΠ

the world > food and drink > drink > tea > [noun]

chia1601

cha1616

tea1658

tsia1662

scandal-potion1786

scandal-broth1795

tea-water1818

Seric herb1840

split pea1857

scandal-water1873

Rosie Lee1901

chai1919

char1919

Rosie1929

1919 Athenæum 25 July 664/1 Char (Hindustani char), tea. ‘Char up, lads!’ i.e., ‘Here is the tea!’

1955 H. Spring These Lovers fled Away 497 I thought of the thousands of cups o' char that batmen had produced at such moments as this.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1972; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

charv.¹

to turn, do turns of work, work as charwoman: see chare v.¹ 5.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1933; most recently modified version published online December 2019).

charv.²

Brit.

/tʃɑː/, U.S.

/tʃɑr/

Forms: Also 1700s charr. Pples. charred, charring.

Etymology: A comparatively modern word (or sense), taken apparently from the first element of charcoal n.: perhaps originally a ‘collier's’ (i.e. charcoal-burner's) term for the making of charcoal. (Immediate identity with char v.¹, is not tenable historically; and Mahn's suggestion of connection with ‘Celtic caor, gor fire, flame’, is futile.)

a. transitive. To reduce by burning to charcoal or carbon; to burn slightly or partially, scorch.

ΘΠ

society > occupation and work > industry > manufacturing processes > making charcoal or coke > make charcoal or coke [verb (transitive)]

coal1457

charka1661

char1686

coke1804

the world > matter > properties of materials > temperature > heat > burning > burn or consume by fire [verb (transitive)] > to carbon

charka1661

char1686

carbonize1798

carbonate1799

carbonify1801

the world > matter > properties of materials > temperature > heat > heating or making hot > subjection or exposure to heat or fire > subject or expose to heat or fire [verb (transitive)] > damage or injure by heat or fire > scorch

scorklec1374

bristle1483

scorch1511

birsle1513

sparch1532

scrimplea1572

bescorch1582

scorch1602

sizzle1603

fry1695

char1805

Phrygianize1836

swinge1844

1686 R. Plot Nat. Hist. Staffs. iii. 128 They have a way of Charring it [sc. coal] (if I may so speak without a solecisme) in all particulars the same as they doe wood... The coal thus prepared they call Coaks.

1774 T. West Antiq. Furness p. xliv The ore has been carried to where the woods were charred.

1794 G. Adams Lect. Nat. & Exper. Philos. II. xv. 197 You may..char or burn a piece of wood to a coal.

1805 R. Southey Madoc ii. xi. 286 Round the fire they char The stake-points.

1842 Ld. Tennyson Talking Oak lxx, in Poems (new ed.) II. 81 Nor ever lightning char thy grain.

b. To burn, scorch (liquids).

ΘΠ

char1713

1713 W. Ellis London & Country Brewer (1743) iii. 184 One [Cooler] heats the other, and often charrs the Wort.

1727 R. Bradley Chomel's Dictionaire Oeconomique (Dublin ed.) at Brewing Will always char and sour their Liquors.

1838 T. Thomson Chem. Org. Bodies 614 Concentrated sulphuric acid chars it [spiroil].

c. To mark or delineate by charring. rare.

ΚΠ

1871 J. Tyndall Fragm. Sci. viii. 192 Falling on white paper, the image chars itself out.

2. intransitive. To become reduced to charcoal.

ΘΠ

the world > matter > properties of materials > temperature > heat > burning > burn or be on fire [verb (intransitive)] > to carbon

char1727

1727 R. Bradley Chomel's Dictionaire Oeconomique (Dublin ed.) at Charcoal If it Charrs faster at one part than another.

1855 R. Browning Heretic's Trag. iv, in Men & Women II. 200 Larch-heart that chars to a chalk-white glow.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1889; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

charv.³

Etymology: ? Compare French carrer (un bloc de marbre) < Latin quadrāre to square.

To hew or work (stone).

ΚΠ

1838 J. H. Parker Gloss. Terms Archit. (ed. 2) 25 Char, or Chare, to hew, to work: Charred stone, hewn stone. The will of Henry VI. orders the chapel of his new college in Cambridge to be ‘vawted and chare-roffed’; that is, the whole roof to be of wrought stone.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1889; most recently modified version published online March 2018).

charv.⁴

Etymology: The form answers to Old English ceori-an to creak: see charr n.

dialect.

Categories »

‘To chide, to bark at’ ( Whitby Gloss. 1855).

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1889; most recently modified version published online June 2018).

> see also

also refers to : char-comb. form

also refers to : charecharn.¹

also refers to : charecharv.¹

n.¹

n.²a1400

n.³1662

n.⁴1879

n.⁵1906

n.⁶1919

v.¹

v.²1686

v.³1838

v.⁴

单词	char
释义	† charn.¹ Obsolete or dialect. Categories » Return, turn; turn of work: see chare n.¹ This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1889; most recently modified version published online March 2021). † charn.² Forms: Also Middle English ( chiare), Middle English–1500s chare, Middle English chaar(e, Middle English–1500s charre, Middle English charr, 1500s Scottish cher, 1600s–1800s chair n.² Etymology: < French char (12th cent. in Littré) < Latin carrus . But the form charre (and possibly chare in some quots.) was perhaps < Old French charre < Latin carra ; see car n.¹ Obsolete. 1. A chariot, car: a cart, wagon. Later examples show the French word char used in English-language contexts in the nineteenth century. ΘΚΠ society > travel > means of travel > a conveyance > vehicle > cart, carriage, or wagon > [noun] carc1320 chara1400 charet?a1400 wagon1542 carry1600 rotan1676 messagerie1777 pillbox1789 bandy1791 Pennsylvania wagon1800 gharry1810 rath1813 vardo1819 rig1831 society > travel > means of travel > a conveyance > vehicle > cart, carriage, or wagon > carriage for conveying persons > [noun] > types of carriage > with transverse seats char1802 char-à-banc1816 a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 9162 Helias was..Translated in a golden chiare [Fairf., Gött., Trin. Cambr. chare]. a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Fairf. 14) l. 4657 To ride in þe kingis chare. c1405 (c1385) G. Chaucer Knight's Tale (Hengwrt) (2003) l. 1292 Aboute his Chaar [so 3 MSS.; char⁻², chare⁻²] ther wente white Alauntz. c1420 Pallad. on Husb. i. 957 When Phebus chare hath goon aboute it twye. 1480 W. Caxton Chron. Eng. ccxliv. 294 Al the horses drawyng the chare were trapped in blak. a1500 Lancelot of Laik (1870) 4 Uprisith arly in his fyre chare. a1500 Lancelot of Laik (1870) 735 Mony o strong chariot and cher. 1523 Ld. Berners tr. J. Froissart Cronycles I. ccclxiii. 591 Sixe chares laded with..brede and wyne. 1676 T. Hobbes tr. Homer Iliads xii. 175 For all his flaming Horses and his Charre. 1802 H. Eckersall in T. Malthus Trav. Diaries (1966) 296 We..were much entertain'd with the Philosophic discource of the driver of our char on the over-population of his country [sc. Switzerland]. 1816 P. B. Shelley Let. 22 July (1964) I. 495 It is possible to accomplish the rest of the journey in a char du pays. 1817 H. C. B. Campbell Journey to Florence (1951) 57 As there are few or no travellers in winter it is then that they go [to church] occasionally in a char. ?a1828 D. Wordsworth Jrnl. Tour Continent in Jrnls. (1941) II. 267 Our gentlemen..hired a char-a-banc with two horses... Two Shopkeepers..had helped them to procure the char. ?a1828 D. Wordsworth Jrnl. Tour Continent in Jrnls. (1941) II. 150 Our cloaks and coats..he had cunningly locked up in a seat of the Char. 1868 G. M. Hopkins Jrnls. & Papers (1959) 171 At Alpnach we took a char to Lungern. 2. ? A cart-load. char of lead (see quot.). ΚΠ c1550 J. Balfour Practicks (1754) 87 (Jam.) For ane char of leid, that is to say, xxiiii fotinellis, iiiid. 1672 Cowel's Interpr. Charre of Lead, consists of thirty pigs, each pig containing six stone wanting two pound, and every stone being twelve pound, Assisa de ponderibus, Rob. 3 R. Scot, cap. 22, sect. 2. 1708 J. Kersey Dict. Anglo-Britannicum Charre of Lead, a Quantity that consists of 30 Pigs, each Pig containing six Stone wanting two Pounds, and every Stone being 12 Pounds. [Erroneously made by Bailey, 1721, into Charge of Lead, which is copied into mod. Dicts. as a current term!] This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1889; most recently modified version published online March 2021). charn.³ Brit. /tʃɑː/, U.S. /tʃɑr/ Forms: 1600s chare, charre, 1600s–1700s charr, shard, 1700s– char. Etymology: Known in books only since 17th cent.; but may have been in local use long before. Etymology unknown: possibly of Celtic origin; compare Gaelic ceara red, blood-coloured, cear blood; also the Welsh name torgoch red-bellied. Zoology. 1. A small fish ( Salmo salvelinus) of the trout kind, found in the lakes of mountainous districts in the north and in Wales, and esteemed a delicacy. ΘΚΠ the world > animals > fish > class Osteichthyes or Teleostomi > order Salmoniformes (salmon or trout) > family Salmonidae (salmon) > [noun] > genus Salvelinus > salmo salvelinus (char) trout1604 case1658 char1662 red-bellied trout1787 red-spotted trout1884 1662 E. Phillips New World Eng. Words (ed. 2) Chare, a kind of fish which breeds most peculiarly in Winandermere in Lancashire. 1668 Bp. J. Wilkins Ess. Real Char. 141 Trout, Charr. 1668 W. Charleton Onomasticon Zoicon 155 Trutta Minor..a Shard. 1674 J. Ray Coll. Eng. Words 109 There are two sorts taken in Winander-mere. The greater having a red belly they call the red Charre: and the lesser having a white belly, which they call the Gilt or Gelt Charre. 1755 S. Johnson Dict. Eng. Lang. Shard..4. A sort of fish. 1769 T. Pennant Brit. Zool. (new ed.) III. iv. 261 The Gelt, or Barren Charr. 1769 E. Raffald Experienced Eng. House-keeper ii. 38 To pot Chars. 1863 S. Baring-Gould Iceland 100 Trout and char from the lakes supply me with food. 1882 J. Payn Hotels in Private Views 184 Among other native delicacies, they give you fresh char cooked to a turn. in combination.1738 Defoe's Tour Great Brit. (ed. 2) II. 295 The Char Fish..which we see in Lancashire, and also in..Switzerland. 2. The Brook Trout ( Salmo fontinalis) of U.S. ΚΠ 1864 in Webster's Amer. Dict. Eng. Lang. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1889; most recently modified version published online March 2022). charn.⁴ Etymology: < char v.² A charred substance. spec. = bone-black (bone black n. at bone n.¹ Compounds 6). ΘΚΠ the world > matter > properties of materials > temperature > heat > burning > products of burning > [noun] > a charred substance char1879 the world > matter > properties of materials > temperature > heat > burning > [noun] > consumption by fire > to carbon > substance char1879 1879 H. W. Warren Recreations in Astron. ii. 21 The sun itself will become..dead as a burned-out char. 1881 Echo 21 Mar. 6 The coke or char left in the retorts. 1887 Cent. Mag. Nov. 113/2 The ‘char’ must be washed with hot water..and dried in a kiln. 1902 Encycl. Brit. XXXIII. 47 Vessels..of such diameter as to hold a given quantity of animal charcoal (also called ‘bone-black’ and ‘char’). 1902 Encycl. Brit. XXXIII. 47 This..‘sweet water’ is sometimes..passed through the char filter. 1959 Times 3 Jan. 10/1 The coal is heated to a temperature of 400 to 450 deg. C., and the product is known as a char—in distinction from coke, which is formed by heating alone, without air. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1889; most recently modified version published online September 2018). charn.⁵ Brit. /tʃɑː/, U.S. /tʃɑr/ Etymology: Shortened < charwoman n. colloquial. = charwoman n. ΘΚΠ the world > physical sensation > cleanness and dirtiness > cleaning > cleaning house > [noun] > one who womanOE scouring womana1627 schorerc1638 house cleaner1695 charmaid1882 spring cleaner1883 charman1888 charlady1895 char-boy1902 char1906 Putzfrau1906 chargirl1932 Mrs Mop1948 society > authority > subjection > service > servant > personal or domestic servant > domestic servant > [noun] > servant who lives out > charwoman charwoman1596 schorerc1638 femme de ménage1826 char1906 daily1933 obliger1941 Mrs Mop1948 1906 Daily Chron. 7 June 3/4 We find him trying to gain a pension for ‘Granny Deane’, his ancient ‘char’. 1919 C. Orr Glorious Thing viii. 89 I had to scrub the kitchen today, because the char couldn't come. 1951 Mind 60 487 There is no point in telling one's char to wash the marble halls one dreamt one dwelt in. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1933; most recently modified version published online March 2022). charn.⁶ Brit. /tʃɑː/, U.S. /tʃɑr/ Etymology: Popular spelling of cha n. slang. Tea. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > drink > tea > [noun] chia1601 cha1616 tea1658 tsia1662 scandal-potion1786 scandal-broth1795 tea-water1818 Seric herb1840 split pea1857 scandal-water1873 Rosie Lee1901 chai1919 char1919 Rosie1929 1919 Athenæum 25 July 664/1 Char (Hindustani char), tea. ‘Char up, lads!’ i.e., ‘Here is the tea!’ 1955 H. Spring These Lovers fled Away 497 I thought of the thousands of cups o' char that batmen had produced at such moments as this. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1972; most recently modified version published online March 2022). charv.¹ to turn, do turns of work, work as charwoman: see chare v.¹ 5. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1933; most recently modified version published online December 2019). charv.² Brit. /tʃɑː/, U.S. /tʃɑr/ Forms: Also 1700s charr. Pples. charred, charring. Etymology: A comparatively modern word (or sense), taken apparently from the first element of charcoal n.: perhaps originally a ‘collier's’ (i.e. charcoal-burner's) term for the making of charcoal. (Immediate identity with char v.¹, is not tenable historically; and Mahn's suggestion of connection with ‘Celtic caor, gor fire, flame’, is futile.) 1. a. transitive. To reduce by burning to charcoal or carbon; to burn slightly or partially, scorch. ΘΠ society > occupation and work > industry > manufacturing processes > making charcoal or coke > make charcoal or coke [verb (transitive)] coal1457 charka1661 char1686 coke1804 the world > matter > properties of materials > temperature > heat > burning > burn or consume by fire [verb (transitive)] > to carbon charka1661 char1686 carbonize1798 carbonate1799 carbonify1801 the world > matter > properties of materials > temperature > heat > heating or making hot > subjection or exposure to heat or fire > subject or expose to heat or fire [verb (transitive)] > damage or injure by heat or fire > scorch scorklec1374 bristle1483 scorch1511 birsle1513 sparch1532 scrimplea1572 bescorch1582 scorch1602 sizzle1603 fry1695 char1805 Phrygianize1836 swinge1844 1686 R. Plot Nat. Hist. Staffs. iii. 128 They have a way of Charring it [sc. coal] (if I may so speak without a solecisme) in all particulars the same as they doe wood... The coal thus prepared they call Coaks. 1774 T. West Antiq. Furness p. xliv The ore has been carried to where the woods were charred. 1794 G. Adams Lect. Nat. & Exper. Philos. II. xv. 197 You may..char or burn a piece of wood to a coal. 1805 R. Southey Madoc ii. xi. 286 Round the fire they char The stake-points. 1842 Ld. Tennyson Talking Oak lxx, in Poems (new ed.) II. 81 Nor ever lightning char thy grain. b. To burn, scorch (liquids). ΘΠ the world > matter > properties of materials > temperature > heat > heating or making hot > subjection or exposure to heat or fire > subject or expose to heat or fire [verb (transitive)] > damage or injure by heat or fire > scorch > liquids char1713 1713 W. Ellis London & Country Brewer (1743) iii. 184 One [Cooler] heats the other, and often charrs the Wort. 1727 R. Bradley Chomel's Dictionaire Oeconomique (Dublin ed.) at Brewing Will always char and sour their Liquors. 1838 T. Thomson Chem. Org. Bodies 614 Concentrated sulphuric acid chars it [spiroil]. c. To mark or delineate by charring. rare. ΚΠ 1871 J. Tyndall Fragm. Sci. viii. 192 Falling on white paper, the image chars itself out. 2. intransitive. To become reduced to charcoal. ΘΠ the world > matter > properties of materials > temperature > heat > burning > burn or be on fire [verb (intransitive)] > to carbon char1727 1727 R. Bradley Chomel's Dictionaire Oeconomique (Dublin ed.) at Charcoal If it Charrs faster at one part than another. 1855 R. Browning Heretic's Trag. iv, in Men & Women II. 200 Larch-heart that chars to a chalk-white glow. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1889; most recently modified version published online March 2022). charv.³ Etymology: ? Compare French carrer (un bloc de marbre) < Latin quadrāre to square. To hew or work (stone). ΚΠ 1838 J. H. Parker Gloss. Terms Archit. (ed. 2) 25 Char, or Chare, to hew, to work: Charred stone, hewn stone. The will of Henry VI. orders the chapel of his new college in Cambridge to be ‘vawted and chare-roffed’; that is, the whole roof to be of wrought stone. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1889; most recently modified version published online March 2018). charv.⁴ Etymology: The form answers to Old English ceori-an to creak: see charr n. dialect. Categories » ‘To chide, to bark at’ ( Whitby Gloss. 1855). This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1889; most recently modified version published online June 2018). > see also also refers to : char-comb. form also refers to : charecharn.¹ also refers to : charecharv.¹ < n.¹n.²a1400n.³1662n.⁴1879n.⁵1906n.⁶1919v.¹v.²1686v.³1838v.⁴ see also
随便看	clotted nonsense clotter clottered clottering clotters clottery clottiness clotting clotting factor clotting time clotting-beetle clotting-mall clottingbeetle clottingmall clottings clottish clottishness clotty cloture clotured clotures cloturing clotweed clou cloud

† charn.1

† charn.2

charn.3

charn.4

charn.5

charn.6

charv.1

charv.2

charv.3

charv.4

> see also

† charn.¹

† charn.²

charn.³

charn.⁴

charn.⁵

charn.⁶

charv.¹

charv.²

charv.³

charv.⁴