chamn.

Brit.

/kam/, U.S.

/kæm/

Forms: Also 1500s cam, 1600s chaem: see khan n.¹

Etymology: < French and medieval Latin cham, chan, can (also caanus , canis ), < Turki khān lord, prince, khan n.¹ a contracted form of the earlier khāqān chagan n.; it was assumed by Chingīz when he became supreme ruler of the Mongols and Tartars; the modified form qā'ān became the specific title of the successors of Chingīz Khān as emperors of China.

a. An obsolete form of khan n.¹ formerly commonly applied to the rulers of the Tartars and Mongols; and to the emperor of China. (Rarely to governors of provinces.)

ΘΚΠ

society > authority > rule or government > ruler or governor > sovereign ruler or monarch > emperor > [noun] > khan

khanc1400

cham1553

c1400 Mandeville's Trav. xviii. 188 The grete Cane of Cathay.

c1400 Mandeville's Trav. xxi. 222 Whi he was clept the gret Chane.]

1553 R. Eden tr. S. Münster Treat. Newe India sig. Fi Vnder the dominion of the great Cham Emperour (whiche some call the great Can) of Tartaria.

1577 R. Willes & R. Eden tr. Peter Martyr of Angleria Hist. Trauayle W. & E. Indies 265 They haue muche knowledge of the great Cam of Cathay.

1600 W. Shakespeare Much Ado about Nothing ii. i. 251 I will..fetch you a haire off the great Chams beard.

1653 H. Cogan tr. F. M. Pinto Voy. & Adventures xxiii. §3. 84 One of those [chairs] wherein the principall Chaems of the Empire are usually carried.

1709 London Gaz. No. 4579/1 The Grand Signior had received an Express from the Cham of Tartary.

1762 O. Goldsmith Citizen of World I. 181 Prodigal in the production of kings, governors, mandarines, chams, and courtiers.

1813 Examiner 26 Apr. 266/2 Chams are stiff gentlemen.

b. transferred and figurative.

ΚΠ

1596 W. Warner Albions Eng. (rev. ed.) x. lviii. 256 Against this Cham [sc. Duke of Guise], and his Beau-Peeres, inuited English goe.

1655 tr. C. Sorel Comical Hist. Francion v. 4 I..am the great Cham..of all the wits.

1879 W. Synge Tom Singleton II. iii. 32 The great cham of criticism.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1889; most recently modified version published online December 2021).

† chamchammv.

/tʃam/

Etymology: see champ v.

Obsolete exc. dialect.

1. To bite, chew; = champ v. 1, 2, 3.

ΘΚΠ

the world > food and drink > food > consumption of food or drink > eating > processes or manners of eating > eat via specific process [verb (transitive)] > munch or crunch

gruse?c1225

maungec1400

muncha1425

champ1530

crash1530

cham1531

chank1567

scranch1620

grouze1628

craunch1632

crump1647

denticate1799

crinch1808

crunch1814

scrunch1825

chomp1848

chump1854

1398 J. Trevisa tr. Bartholomew de Glanville De Proprietatibus Rerum xvii. v. 606 It is full harde and maye not be chewed and whyles men chamme theron, the bytter sauour wythin is not felte.

1530 J. Palsgrave Lesclarcissement 480/2 Chamme the breed in your mouthe.

1531 W. Tyndale Answere Mores Dialoge f. cij The prest twitcheth not christes natural body with his handes..ner chammeth yt wyth hys teeth.

1675 T. Hobbes tr. Homer Odysses xii. 263 When she my men cham'd in her ugly chaps.

1825 J. Britton Beauties Wiltshire (E.D.S.) Gloss. Cham, to chew.

1881 H. Smith & C. R. Smith Isle of Wight Words Cham, to chew.

1888 [Heard in Oxford from a native.]

Categories »

2. = champ v. 6; to pound, mash. dialect.In South of Scotland, as ‘to cham sand’, for strewing on wet floors.

Derivatives

chammed adj.

ΘΚΠ

the world > food and drink > food > consumption of food or drink > eating > processes or manners of eating > [adjective] > munched or crunched

chammed1519

champed1600

1519 W. Horman Vulgaria xxviii. f. 239 Glewe made of chammed whete.

1611 R. Cotgrave Dict. French & Eng. Tongues Masché,..chawed chewed, chammed, champed.

ˈchamming n.

ΘΚΠ

the world > food and drink > food > consumption of food or drink > eating > processes or manners of eating > [noun] > chewing

chewingc1000

chewc1200

mastication?a1425

chamming1528

chawing?1533

champing1592

champ1604

manducation1650

masticating1827

1528 T. More Dialogue Heresyes iii, in Wks. 242/1 Not for y^e reading & receiuing: but for the busy chamming therof [the scripture].

1599 E. Sandys Europæ Speculum (1632) 7 They confine them to the chamming of their beads.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1889; most recently modified version published online March 2021).

单词	cham
释义	chamn. Brit. /kam/, U.S. /kæm/ Forms: Also 1500s cam, 1600s chaem: see khan n.¹ Etymology: < French and medieval Latin cham, chan, can (also caanus , canis ), < Turki khān lord, prince, khan n.¹ a contracted form of the earlier khāqān chagan n.; it was assumed by Chingīz when he became supreme ruler of the Mongols and Tartars; the modified form qā'ān became the specific title of the successors of Chingīz Khān as emperors of China. a. An obsolete form of khan n.¹ formerly commonly applied to the rulers of the Tartars and Mongols; and to the emperor of China. (Rarely to governors of provinces.) ΘΚΠ society > authority > rule or government > ruler or governor > sovereign ruler or monarch > emperor > [noun] > khan khanc1400 cham1553 c1400 Mandeville's Trav. xviii. 188 The grete Cane of Cathay. c1400 Mandeville's Trav. xxi. 222 Whi he was clept the gret Chane.] 1553 R. Eden tr. S. Münster Treat. Newe India sig. Fi Vnder the dominion of the great Cham Emperour (whiche some call the great Can) of Tartaria. 1577 R. Willes & R. Eden tr. Peter Martyr of Angleria Hist. Trauayle W. & E. Indies 265 They haue muche knowledge of the great Cam of Cathay. 1600 W. Shakespeare Much Ado about Nothing ii. i. 251 I will..fetch you a haire off the great Chams beard. View more context for this quotation 1653 H. Cogan tr. F. M. Pinto Voy. & Adventures xxiii. §3. 84 One of those [chairs] wherein the principall Chaems of the Empire are usually carried. 1709 London Gaz. No. 4579/1 The Grand Signior had received an Express from the Cham of Tartary. 1762 O. Goldsmith Citizen of World I. 181 Prodigal in the production of kings, governors, mandarines, chams, and courtiers. 1813 Examiner 26 Apr. 266/2 Chams are stiff gentlemen. b. transferred and figurative. ΚΠ 1596 W. Warner Albions Eng. (rev. ed.) x. lviii. 256 Against this Cham [sc. Duke of Guise], and his Beau-Peeres, inuited English goe. 1655 tr. C. Sorel Comical Hist. Francion v. 4 I..am the great Cham..of all the wits. 1879 W. Synge Tom Singleton II. iii. 32 The great cham of criticism. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1889; most recently modified version published online December 2021). † chamchammv. /tʃam/ Etymology: see champ v. Obsolete exc. dialect. 1. To bite, chew; = champ v. 1, 2, 3. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > food > consumption of food or drink > eating > processes or manners of eating > eat via specific process [verb (transitive)] > munch or crunch gruse?c1225 maungec1400 muncha1425 champ1530 crash1530 cham1531 chank1567 scranch1620 grouze1628 craunch1632 crump1647 denticate1799 crinch1808 crunch1814 scrunch1825 chomp1848 chump1854 1398 J. Trevisa tr. Bartholomew de Glanville De Proprietatibus Rerum xvii. v. 606 It is full harde and maye not be chewed and whyles men chamme theron, the bytter sauour wythin is not felte. 1530 J. Palsgrave Lesclarcissement 480/2 Chamme the breed in your mouthe. 1531 W. Tyndale Answere Mores Dialoge f. cij The prest twitcheth not christes natural body with his handes..ner chammeth yt wyth hys teeth. 1675 T. Hobbes tr. Homer Odysses xii. 263 When she my men cham'd in her ugly chaps. 1825 J. Britton Beauties Wiltshire (E.D.S.) Gloss. Cham, to chew. 1881 H. Smith & C. R. Smith Isle of Wight Words Cham, to chew. 1888 [Heard in Oxford from a native.] Categories » 2. = champ v. 6; to pound, mash. dialect.In South of Scotland, as ‘to cham sand’, for strewing on wet floors. Derivatives chammed adj. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > food > consumption of food or drink > eating > processes or manners of eating > [adjective] > munched or crunched chammed1519 champed1600 1519 W. Horman Vulgaria xxviii. f. 239 Glewe made of chammed whete. 1611 R. Cotgrave Dict. French & Eng. Tongues Masché,..chawed chewed, chammed, champed. ˈchamming n. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > food > consumption of food or drink > eating > processes or manners of eating > [noun] > chewing chewingc1000 chewc1200 mastication?a1425 chamming1528 chawing?1533 champing1592 champ1604 manducation1650 masticating1827 1528 T. More Dialogue Heresyes iii, in Wks. 242/1 Not for y^e reading & receiuing: but for the busy chamming therof [the scripture]. 1599 E. Sandys Europæ Speculum (1632) 7 They confine them to the chamming of their beads. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1889; most recently modified version published online March 2021). < n.1553v.1398
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