cenotaphn.

Brit.

/ˈsɛnətɑːf/,

/ˈsɛnətaf/, U.S.

/ˈsɛnəˌtæf/

Forms: 1600s cenotaphe, 1600s coenotaph, 1600s coenotaphe, 1600s kenotaph, 1600s– cenotaph. Also with capital initial.

Origin: Of multiple origins. Partly a borrowing from French. Partly a borrowing from Latin. Partly a borrowing from Greek. Etymons: French cenotaphe; Latin cenotaphium; Greek κενοτάϕιον.

Etymology: < (i) Middle French, French †cenotaphe (French cénotaphe) funerary monument erected in memory of someone whose remains lie elsewhere (1552 or earlier; 1501 as sinotaphe), and its etymon (ii) classical Latin cenotaphium (2nd cent. a.d.), and that word's etymon (iii) ancient Greek κενοτάϕιον < κενός empty ( < the same Indo-European base as Armenian sin empty) + τάϕος tomb ( < the same Indo-European base as Armenian damban tomb) + -ιον, suffix forming nouns. Compare Spanish cenotafio (1623 or earlier), Portuguese cenotáfio (1657), Italian cenotafio (1698).The form cenotaphium and the corresponding plural cenotaphia (immediately < classical Latin cenotaphium) are also occasionally found in English contexts; for some early examples compare:1661 J. Boys in tr. Virgil Æneas his Descent 115 Aeneas hearing of the death of Deiphobus, raised (according to the custome of those times) a Cenotaphium, or empty Monument for him.1683 P. Lorrain tr. P. Muret Rites Funeral 276 These Sepulchres, which were called Cenotaphia, that is, empty Monuments, were nevertheless, according to the foolish opinion of the Pagans, very useful to the Dead.

a. A commemorative monument dedicated to a person or group of people buried elsewhere; esp. a public memorial built in honour of people who died in a war.Monuments of this kind were widely built in Britain and the Commonwealth in the years after the end of the First World War (see sense 1b) and continue to be used for services on Remembrance Sunday.

ΘΚΠ

the world > life > death > obsequies > monument > [noun] > cenotaph

tomb?a1400

cenotaph1603

1603 P. Holland tr. Plutarch Morals 1244 Their Cenotaph or imaginary tombe [Fr. la representation de sepulture vuide; Gk. κενοτάϕιον] which was erected in Isthmus, carieth this Epitaph: Loe heere we lie, who with our lives set free All Greece, neere brought to shamefull slaverie.

a1640 T. Risdon Chorogr. Surv. Devon (1811) (modernized text) §254 262 Sir John Sully..hath here a cenotaphe.

1725 E. Fenton in A. Pope et al. tr. Homer Odyssey I. iv. 794 To Agamemnon's name A Cenotaph I raise of deathless fame.

a1782 W. Cole in R. Willis & J. W. Clark Archit. Hist. Univ. Cambr. (1886) I. 86 There is but one Monument..w^ch is only an Honorary one or Cenotaph.

a1859 T. B. Macaulay Biogr. (1867) 74 Some of Goldsmith's friends..honoured him with a cenotaph in Westminster Abbey.

a1942 ‘F. Maurice’ in L. Murray New Oxf. Bk. Austral. Verse (1991) 108 In peace—some rows of figures and a graph, In war—a motto on a cenotaph.

1968 M. Atwood Animals in that Country 61 I shout To the park benches; and go Past the cenotaph Waving a blank banner.

2013 Malton & Pickering (Yorks.) Mercury (Nexis) 6 Nov. In Kirkbymoorside, a parade..will leave the Royal British Legion at 10.40am for a service at the town's cenotaph.

b. With the and usually with capital initial. A monument erected in Whitehall, London, in 1919 as a memorial to the British and Commonwealth dead of the First World War (1914–18), and subsequently used as the national war memorial of the United Kingdom.The monument was originally a temporary structure made of wood and plaster, and was replaced with a permanent one of Portland stone in 1920. The design, by Sir Edwin Lutyens (1869–1944), was copied for numerous cenotaphs around Britain and the Commonwealth (cf. sense 1a).

ΚΠ

1919 Daily Mirror 19 July 2/3 The Allied and Dominion troops will salute the cenotaph in respect to the memory of their dead comrades.

1928 A. Huxley Point Counter Point xxi. 374 Near the Cenotaph a middle-aged lady was standing with raised eyes, murmuring a prayer.

1956 B. Paulu Brit. Broadcasting x. 265 The Remembrance Day (the Sunday before November 11) ceremonies at the Cenotaph.

2008 Church Times 7 Nov. 13/2 The absence of a figure on the Cenotaph could signify resurrection or agnosticism.

†2. An empty tomb, from which the person interred has risen. Also figurative. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

society > faith > aspects of faith > Bible, Scripture > biblical events > [noun] > resurrection > empty tomb

cenotaph1642

the world > life > death > disposal of corpse > burial > grave or burial-place > types of tomb > [noun] > empty

cenotaph1642

1642 Sir T. Browne Religio Medici 19 To see him [sc. Christ] in his glory, rather than to contemplate him in his Cœnotaphe, or Sepulchre.

1820 P. B. Shelley Cloud in Prometheus Unbound 200 I silently laugh at my own cenotaph.

1878 G. MacDonald St. George & St. Michael (ed. 2) 5 Turning her back on the cenotaph of their former greatness.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2014; most recently modified version published online December 2021).

cenotaphv.

Brit.

/ˈsɛnətɑːf/,

/ˈsɛnətaf/, U.S.

/ˈsɛnəˌtæf/

Origin: Formed within English, by conversion. Etymon: cenotaph n.

Etymology: < cenotaph n.

Now rare.

transitive. To honour or commemorate with a cenotaph. Also figurative.

ΘΚΠ

the world > life > death > obsequies > commemorative ceremonies > commemorate or call to remembrance [verb (transitive)] > with cenotaph

cenotaph1816

1816 European Mag. July 5/1 At length we hail him cenotaph'd—inurn'd,—at length we mourn him as he should be mourn'd.

1829 W. Liddiard Legend of Einsidlin v. 139 Of those who for their country bled:—In the hearts of their sons from age to age, They are cenotaphed in a golden page!

1891 R. Kipling Light that Failed iv. 70 The oblivion that is preceded by toleration and cenotaphed with contempt.

1902 Smart Set Mar. 58 There, cenotaphed for centuries untold, The bones of Isaac and of Joseph lay.

Derivatives

ˈcenotaphed adj.

ΚΠ

1845 J. R. Planché Golden Fleece ii. 29 Lying, dying, Cenotaphed, and paragraphed.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2014; most recently modified version published online December 2021).

单词	cenotaph
释义	cenotaphn. Brit. /ˈsɛnətɑːf/, /ˈsɛnətaf/, U.S. /ˈsɛnəˌtæf/ Forms: 1600s cenotaphe, 1600s coenotaph, 1600s coenotaphe, 1600s kenotaph, 1600s– cenotaph. Also with capital initial. Origin: Of multiple origins. Partly a borrowing from French. Partly a borrowing from Latin. Partly a borrowing from Greek. Etymons: French cenotaphe; Latin cenotaphium; Greek κενοτάϕιον. Etymology: < (i) Middle French, French †cenotaphe (French cénotaphe) funerary monument erected in memory of someone whose remains lie elsewhere (1552 or earlier; 1501 as sinotaphe), and its etymon (ii) classical Latin cenotaphium (2nd cent. a.d.), and that word's etymon (iii) ancient Greek κενοτάϕιον < κενός empty ( < the same Indo-European base as Armenian sin empty) + τάϕος tomb ( < the same Indo-European base as Armenian damban tomb) + -ιον, suffix forming nouns. Compare Spanish cenotafio (1623 or earlier), Portuguese cenotáfio (1657), Italian cenotafio (1698).The form cenotaphium and the corresponding plural cenotaphia (immediately < classical Latin cenotaphium) are also occasionally found in English contexts; for some early examples compare:1661 J. Boys in tr. Virgil Æneas his Descent 115 Aeneas hearing of the death of Deiphobus, raised (according to the custome of those times) a Cenotaphium, or empty Monument for him.1683 P. Lorrain tr. P. Muret Rites Funeral 276 These Sepulchres, which were called Cenotaphia, that is, empty Monuments, were nevertheless, according to the foolish opinion of the Pagans, very useful to the Dead. 1. a. A commemorative monument dedicated to a person or group of people buried elsewhere; esp. a public memorial built in honour of people who died in a war.Monuments of this kind were widely built in Britain and the Commonwealth in the years after the end of the First World War (see sense 1b) and continue to be used for services on Remembrance Sunday. ΘΚΠ the world > life > death > obsequies > monument > [noun] > cenotaph tomb?a1400 cenotaph1603 1603 P. Holland tr. Plutarch Morals 1244 Their Cenotaph or imaginary tombe [Fr. la representation de sepulture vuide; Gk. κενοτάϕιον] which was erected in Isthmus, carieth this Epitaph: Loe heere we lie, who with our lives set free All Greece, neere brought to shamefull slaverie. a1640 T. Risdon Chorogr. Surv. Devon (1811) (modernized text) §254 262 Sir John Sully..hath here a cenotaphe. 1725 E. Fenton in A. Pope et al. tr. Homer Odyssey I. iv. 794 To Agamemnon's name A Cenotaph I raise of deathless fame. a1782 W. Cole in R. Willis & J. W. Clark Archit. Hist. Univ. Cambr. (1886) I. 86 There is but one Monument..w^ch is only an Honorary one or Cenotaph. a1859 T. B. Macaulay Biogr. (1867) 74 Some of Goldsmith's friends..honoured him with a cenotaph in Westminster Abbey. a1942 ‘F. Maurice’ in L. Murray New Oxf. Bk. Austral. Verse (1991) 108 In peace—some rows of figures and a graph, In war—a motto on a cenotaph. 1968 M. Atwood Animals in that Country 61 I shout To the park benches; and go Past the cenotaph Waving a blank banner. 2013 Malton & Pickering (Yorks.) Mercury (Nexis) 6 Nov. In Kirkbymoorside, a parade..will leave the Royal British Legion at 10.40am for a service at the town's cenotaph. b. With the and usually with capital initial. A monument erected in Whitehall, London, in 1919 as a memorial to the British and Commonwealth dead of the First World War (1914–18), and subsequently used as the national war memorial of the United Kingdom.The monument was originally a temporary structure made of wood and plaster, and was replaced with a permanent one of Portland stone in 1920. The design, by Sir Edwin Lutyens (1869–1944), was copied for numerous cenotaphs around Britain and the Commonwealth (cf. sense 1a). ΚΠ 1919 Daily Mirror 19 July 2/3 The Allied and Dominion troops will salute the cenotaph in respect to the memory of their dead comrades. 1928 A. Huxley Point Counter Point xxi. 374 Near the Cenotaph a middle-aged lady was standing with raised eyes, murmuring a prayer. 1956 B. Paulu Brit. Broadcasting x. 265 The Remembrance Day (the Sunday before November 11) ceremonies at the Cenotaph. 2008 Church Times 7 Nov. 13/2 The absence of a figure on the Cenotaph could signify resurrection or agnosticism. †2. An empty tomb, from which the person interred has risen. Also figurative. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ society > faith > aspects of faith > Bible, Scripture > biblical events > [noun] > resurrection > empty tomb cenotaph1642 the world > life > death > disposal of corpse > burial > grave or burial-place > types of tomb > [noun] > empty cenotaph1642 1642 Sir T. Browne Religio Medici 19 To see him [sc. Christ] in his glory, rather than to contemplate him in his Cœnotaphe, or Sepulchre. 1820 P. B. Shelley Cloud in Prometheus Unbound 200 I silently laugh at my own cenotaph. 1878 G. MacDonald St. George & St. Michael (ed. 2) 5 Turning her back on the cenotaph of their former greatness. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2014; most recently modified version published online December 2021). cenotaphv. Brit. /ˈsɛnətɑːf/, /ˈsɛnətaf/, U.S. /ˈsɛnəˌtæf/ Origin: Formed within English, by conversion. Etymon: cenotaph n. Etymology: < cenotaph n. Now rare. transitive. To honour or commemorate with a cenotaph. Also figurative. ΘΚΠ the world > life > death > obsequies > commemorative ceremonies > commemorate or call to remembrance [verb (transitive)] > with cenotaph cenotaph1816 1816 European Mag. July 5/1 At length we hail him cenotaph'd—inurn'd,—at length we mourn him as he should be mourn'd. 1829 W. Liddiard Legend of Einsidlin v. 139 Of those who for their country bled:—In the hearts of their sons from age to age, They are cenotaphed in a golden page! 1891 R. Kipling Light that Failed iv. 70 The oblivion that is preceded by toleration and cenotaphed with contempt. 1902 Smart Set Mar. 58 There, cenotaphed for centuries untold, The bones of Isaac and of Joseph lay. Derivatives ˈcenotaphed adj. ΚΠ 1845 J. R. Planché Golden Fleece ii. 29 Lying, dying, Cenotaphed, and paragraphed. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2014; most recently modified version published online December 2021). < n.1603v.1816
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