cayennen.

/keɪˈɛn/

/kʌɪˈɛn/

Forms: 1700s cayan, kayan, kian, kyan; also chian, chyan.

Etymology: In its actual form, referred to Cayenne, the chief town of French Guiana (founded 1634); but this is apparently only popular etymology, as the name in Tupi (Brazilian) is given by Martini, p. 419, as kyýnha, quiýnha, also quiya. Gul. Piso, De Indiæ utriusque Re Nat. et Med. (1658) has ‘qviya sive Piper Brasiliensis’. The name Cayenne Pepper is unknown to French, and the German Cayenne-pfeffer is probably < English. (The somewhat archaic pronunciation /ˌkaɪˈɑːn/ survives from the earlier form.)

a. (Also called Cayenne pepper). A very pungent powder obtained from the dried and ground pods and seeds of various species of Capsicum, esp. C. annuum and C. frutescens, of South America; used as a condiment in cookery and as a stimulant in medicine; formerly called Guinea pepper.

ΘΚΠ

the world > food and drink > food > additive > spice > [noun] > pepper not from Piper nigrum > types of

long peppereOE

garden ginger1526

Guinea pepper1597

Ethiopian pepper1598

chilli1662

pimiento1671

pimento1673

piment1705

capsicum1725

cayenne1756

African pepper1788

paprika1839

Negro pepper1849

Japan pepper1866

shot-pepper1890

chilli powder1898

chile ancho1906

chile mulato1907

Aleppo pepper1920

pasilla1935

mirch1951

pepperoncino1951

shishito1975

chili pepper-

1756 P. Browne Civil & Nat. Hist. Jamaica ii. ii. 177 The Cayan pepper or butter of the West-Indians.

1774 Westm. Mag. 2 447 Her mouth had been so heated with Chian.

1782 European Mag. & London Rev. July 68/2 His temper hot as Kayan, taste uncouth.

1782 Schotte in Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 73 93 Seasoned with Cayenne pepper.

1794 A. Thomas Newfoundland Jrnl. (1968) 39 The Cook was holding, at an unseasonable moment, the Saucepan of Mock Turtle to season it higher with Kian.

1809 W. Irving Hist. N.Y. I. iii. iii. 141 Hideous crimes, that like Cayenne in cookery, do give a pungency and flavour, to the dull detail of history.

1823 Ld. Byron Don Juan: Canto X lxxii. 89 Leavening his blood as Cayenne doth a curry.

1845 B. Upton Let. 10 Sept. in Amer. Hist. (1966) XVII. iv. 87/2 Cayenne pepper (kian) grows wild here on the prairies.

b. figurative.

ΚΠ

1784 New Spect. vii. 4/2 If you season it with a little Kyan of Scandal.

1836 H. Smith Tin Trumpet I. 288 Jokes—The cayenne of conversation, and the salt of life.

1886 Sat. Rev. 6 Mar. 328/2 The cayenne pepper of incendiary speeches.

c. cayenne whist n. a variety of whist in which the dealer's side names the trumps and in which the suits have different values.

ΘΚΠ

society > leisure > entertainment > pastimes > game > card game > whist > [noun] > varieties of

whisk and swabbers1699

twelfth whist1752

Boston1800

short1825

long1832

dummy whist1843

preference1852

solo whistc1875

hearts1884

drive whist1885

cayenne whist1887

duplicate whist1891

duplicate1894

straight whist1901

1887 W. Beatty-Kingston Mus. & Manners II. 253 As much ‘cayenne’ whist as their means will permit of their indulging in.

1897 Sears, Roebuck Catal. No. 104. 343/1 All the games with cards at present in vogue, including..whist, Cayenne whist, Hearts.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1889; most recently modified version published online March 2021).

单词	cayenne
释义	cayennen. /keɪˈɛn//kʌɪˈɛn/ Forms: 1700s cayan, kayan, kian, kyan; also chian, chyan. Etymology: In its actual form, referred to Cayenne, the chief town of French Guiana (founded 1634); but this is apparently only popular etymology, as the name in Tupi (Brazilian) is given by Martini, p. 419, as kyýnha, quiýnha, also quiya. Gul. Piso, De Indiæ utriusque Re Nat. et Med. (1658) has ‘qviya sive Piper Brasiliensis’. The name Cayenne Pepper is unknown to French, and the German Cayenne-pfeffer is probably < English. (The somewhat archaic pronunciation /ˌkaɪˈɑːn/ survives from the earlier form.) a. (Also called Cayenne pepper). A very pungent powder obtained from the dried and ground pods and seeds of various species of Capsicum, esp. C. annuum and C. frutescens, of South America; used as a condiment in cookery and as a stimulant in medicine; formerly called Guinea pepper. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > food > additive > spice > [noun] > pepper not from Piper nigrum > types of long peppereOE garden ginger1526 Guinea pepper1597 Ethiopian pepper1598 chilli1662 pimiento1671 pimento1673 piment1705 capsicum1725 cayenne1756 African pepper1788 paprika1839 Negro pepper1849 Japan pepper1866 shot-pepper1890 chilli powder1898 chile ancho1906 chile mulato1907 Aleppo pepper1920 pasilla1935 mirch1951 pepperoncino1951 shishito1975 chili pepper- 1756 P. Browne Civil & Nat. Hist. Jamaica ii. ii. 177 The Cayan pepper or butter of the West-Indians. 1774 Westm. Mag. 2 447 Her mouth had been so heated with Chian. 1782 European Mag. & London Rev. July 68/2 His temper hot as Kayan, taste uncouth. 1782 Schotte in Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 73 93 Seasoned with Cayenne pepper. 1794 A. Thomas Newfoundland Jrnl. (1968) 39 The Cook was holding, at an unseasonable moment, the Saucepan of Mock Turtle to season it higher with Kian. 1809 W. Irving Hist. N.Y. I. iii. iii. 141 Hideous crimes, that like Cayenne in cookery, do give a pungency and flavour, to the dull detail of history. 1823 Ld. Byron Don Juan: Canto X lxxii. 89 Leavening his blood as Cayenne doth a curry. 1845 B. Upton Let. 10 Sept. in Amer. Hist. (1966) XVII. iv. 87/2 Cayenne pepper (kian) grows wild here on the prairies. b. figurative. ΚΠ 1784 New Spect. vii. 4/2 If you season it with a little Kyan of Scandal. 1836 H. Smith Tin Trumpet I. 288 Jokes—The cayenne of conversation, and the salt of life. 1886 Sat. Rev. 6 Mar. 328/2 The cayenne pepper of incendiary speeches. c. cayenne whist n. a variety of whist in which the dealer's side names the trumps and in which the suits have different values. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > entertainment > pastimes > game > card game > whist > [noun] > varieties of whisk and swabbers1699 twelfth whist1752 Boston1800 short1825 long1832 dummy whist1843 preference1852 solo whistc1875 hearts1884 drive whist1885 cayenne whist1887 duplicate whist1891 duplicate1894 straight whist1901 1887 W. Beatty-Kingston Mus. & Manners II. 253 As much ‘cayenne’ whist as their means will permit of their indulging in. 1897 Sears, Roebuck Catal. No. 104. 343/1 All the games with cards at present in vogue, including..whist, Cayenne whist, Hearts. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1889; most recently modified version published online March 2021). < n.1756
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