In order to decide this, studies often look at the adverse effects caused by the medication in comparison to the overall symptom improvement.

Interestingly, there has been no difference in success in symptom improvement between the transsternal approach and the minimally invasive transcervical approach.

Other researchers noted the connection between exercise and depression, concluding a moderate amount of exercise was more helpful than no exercise in symptom improvement.

Since then, more research has focused on determining both the effectiveness and the underlying physiological mechanisms leading to symptom improvement.