Mechanical pumps replaced gravity and allowed fountains to recycle water and to force it high into the air.

Potential problems, such as the possibility of increased presence of disease in recycle water, have only begun to be investigated.

Green measures include switching from coal to gas, closing and relocating big polluters, fining building sites causing dust pollution and recycling water.

By 1968, system efficiency had reached 85% by recycling water.

By changing public perception to promote the action of reusing and recycling water some of the stress of water shortages can be alleviated.