Under this strict test, a court will combine a series of separate steps if the parties had a formal obligation to complete each step.

Here the core samples are cleaned, dried and prepared for measurement under strict test methods.

The report sets out new strict tests for when courts grant injunctions and superinjunctions - the more restrictive orders whose existence cannot be mentioned.

Some have set strict tests against income and basic costs, such as food and clothes, when calculating how much they will lend.

The parties were free to negotiate whatever terms they liked and no terms would be implied unless they satisfied the strict test of necessity applied to a commercial contract.