Researchers say it's one of the biggest factors driving the achievement gap between the two groups.

Charter schools are also focused on closing, not simply narrowing, the achievement gap.

Teachers joining the most disadvantaged secondary schools are to receive 'golden handcuff' payments of 10,000 in an attempt to narrow the achievement gap between rich and poor pupils.

Using technology as a tool for narrowing the achievement gap begins with a purpose, communication, listening, and collaboration.

The benets of small class sizes reduce the student achievement gap in reading and science in later grades.