英语词汇“Indo-European root: ten-”的英英意思、用法、释义、翻译、读音、例句、短语、词组-英语词典

单词

Indo-European root: ten-

释义

‌‌ten-
To stretch.
Derivatives include tendon, pretend, hypotenuse, tenement, tenor, entertain, lieutenant, and tone.

Derivatives with the basic meaning.
1. Suffixed form *ten-do‑.
  1. tend¹, tender², tendu², tense¹, tent¹; attend, contend, detent, distend, extend, intend, ostensible, pretend, subtend, from Latin tendere, to stretch, extend;
  2. portend, from Latin portendere, "to stretch out before" (por‑, variant of pro‑, before; see per¹), a technical term in augury, "to indicate, presage, foretell.".
2. Suffixed form *ten-yo‑. tenesmus; anatase, bronchiectasis, catatonia, entasis, epitasis, hypotenuse, neoteny, paratenic host, peritoneum, protasis, syntonic, telangiectasia, from Greek teinein, to stretch, with o-grade form ton‑ and zero-grade noun tasis (< *tn̥-ti‑), a stretching, tension, intensity.
3. Reduplicated zero-grade form *te-tn̥-o‑. tetanus, from Greek tetanos, stiff, rigid.
4. Suffixed full-grade form *ten-tro‑.
  1. tantra, from Sanskrit tantram, loom;
  2. sitar, from Persian tār, string.
5. Basic form (with stative suffix) *ten-ē‑. tenable, tenacious, tenaculum, tenant, tenement, tenet, tenon, tenor, tenure, tenuto; abstain, contain, continue, detain, entertain, lieutenant, maintain, obtain, pertain, pertinacious, rein, retain, retinaculum, retinue, sustain, from Latin tenēre, to hold, keep, maintain (< "to cause to endure or continue, hold on to").
6. Extended form *ten-s‑. Suffixed zero-grade form *tn̥s-elo‑. tussah, from Sanskrit tasaram, shuttle.
Derivatives meaning "stretched," hence "thin."
1. Suffixed zero-grade form *tn̥-u‑. thin, from Old English thynne, thin, from Germanic *thunniz, from *thunw‑.
2. Suffixed full-grade form *ten-u‑. tenuous; attenuate, extenuate, from Latin tenuis, thin, rare, fine.
3. Suffixed full-grade form *ten-ero‑. tender¹, tendril; intenerate, from Latin tener, tender, delicate.
Derivatives meaning "something stretched or capable of being stretched, a string."
1. Suffixed form *ten-ōn‑. tendon, teno-, from Greek tenōn, tendon.
2. Suffixed o-grade form *ton-o‑. tone; baritone, tonoplast, from Greek tonos, string, hence sound, pitch.
3. Suffixed zero-grade form *tn̥-yā‑. taenia; polytene, from Greek tainiā, band, ribbon.

[Pokorny 1. ten‑ 1065.]

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