| 释义 |
stanza|ˈstænzə|
Forms: α. 6–7 stanze, (6 stands); β. 6–7 stanzo; γ. 6– stanza. See also stance n.2 4.
[a. It. stanza standing, stopping place, room, stanza, corresp. to Sp. Pg. estancia dwelling, room, Pr. estansa position, OF. estance (mod.F. étance) stay, support:—popular L. *stantia, f. L. stant-em pr. pple. of stāre to stand. The It. word was adapted in Fr. as stance, whence stance n.2; also in Ger. as stanze.]
1. Versification. A group of lines of verse (usually not less than four), arranged according to a definite scheme which regulates the number of lines, the metre, and (in rhymed poetry) the sequence of rhymes; normally forming a division of a song or poem consisting of a series of such groups constructed according to the same scheme. Also, any of the particular types of structure according to which stanzas are framed.
α1588Shakes. L.L.L. iv. ii. 107 Let me heare a staffe, a stanze, a verse, Lege domine. 1596Lodge Margarite of Amer. K 4, The first stands is the complaint, the second the counsel. 1605Chapman etc. Eastward Hoe v. H 3 b, This Stanze now following alludes to the storie of Mannington.
β1589Greene Menaphon To Gentlm. Stud. (Arb.) 15 Euerie stanzo they pen after dinner, is full poynted with a stabbe. 1600Shakes. A.Y.L. ii. v. 18 Come, more, another stanzo: Cal you'em stanzo's? 1609Heywood Brit. Troy v. iii. 108 From Calliope hie Stanzoes flow. 1611Cotgr., Sestine, a Sestine, or stanzo of six verses. 1660F. Brooke tr. Le Blanc's Trav. 144 The musick changes to a very solemn base..with certain stanzoes sung in praise of their deceased Ancestors.
γ [1589Puttenham Eng. Poesie ii. ii. (Arb.) 79 Staffe in our vulgare Poesie I know not why it should be so called... The Italian called it Stanza, as if we should say a resting place.] 1595E. C. Emaricdulfe Sonn. xxxix. in Lamport Garl. (Roxb.), Thy name, thy honour, and loues puritie, With Stanzas, Layes and Hymnes Ile stellifie. 1603Drayton Bar. Wars To Rdr., Therefore..I chose Ariostos stanza of all other the most complete and best proportioned, consisting of eight, sixe interwouen, and a couplet in base. 1612Benvenuto's Passenger ii. i. 417 In euery corner they recite the pleasant Stanzaes of the gentle Furioso. 1621T. Williamson tr. Goulart's Wise Vieillard 89, I will heereunto add further this Stanza of verses of the same quill. 1674Playford Skill Mus. i. ii. 35 The double Bars are set to divide the several Strains or Stanzaes of the Songs and Lessons. 1693Dryden Juvenal (1697) Ded. p. lxxxii, The Secchia Rapita is an Italian Poem..'Tis written in the Stanza of Eight. 1706Congreve Pindarique Ode Disc. A 1 b, The Poet having made choice of a certain Number of Verses to constitute his Strophé, or first Stanza, was oblig'd to observe the same in his Antistrophé, or second Stanza. 1741Pope Ess. Crit. 423 And each exalted stanza teems with thought! 1817Shelley Rev. Islam Pref., I have adopted the stanza of Spenser (a measure inexpressibly beautiful). 1842Tennyson Talking Oak 135 She came..And sang to me the whole Of those three stanzas that you made About my ‘giant bole’. 1856Emerson Eng. Traits, Lit. Wks. (Bohn) II. 115 A stanza of the song of nature the Oxonian has no ear for.
2. In Italy, an apartment, chamber, room; spec. in pl. ‖ stanze |ˈstantse|, applied to certain rooms in the Vatican.
1648J. Raymond Voy. Italy 34 At the right hand of this gallerie are severall stanzas full of Curiosities. 1670G. H. Hist. Cardinals i. iii. 79 The Agents of Serene Princes..have half a Stanza [in the Vatican]. 1823Lady Morgan Salvator Rosa (1824) I. iii. 90 A certain sympathy..between the brothers-in-law frequently carried Salvator to the stanza or work-room of Francesco. Ibid. 95 Having..studied or worked in the galleries, churches, or stanze of the eminent masters in Rome. 1878J. E. Butler Catharine of Siena vii. 200 It forms the subject of a fresco in one of the stanze of the Vatican.
†3. (See quot.) Obs.
1675Covel in Early Voy. Levant (Hakluyt Soc.) 219 Upon every stanza [i.e. ‘branch’ of an acrobat's pole] he would set a cup of water; then raysing it, he would dance with all these in like manner without spilling one drop.
4. Sport. A half or other session of a game.
1945S. J. Baker Austral. Lang. xvii. 299 In football news we find..first or second stanza, the first or second half of a game. 1974News & Reporter (Chester, S. Carolina) 22 Apr. 10-a/5 Comfort Control warmed their bats up in the final three stanzas to gain the victory. 1981National Times (Austral.) 25–31 Jan. 23/3 There is also a growing habit of describing the next half or quarter of a football match as a ‘stanza’—perhaps because it is so poetic.
5. Comb., as stanza-form, the form of a stanza (sense 1); arrangement in stanzas.
1927E. V. Gordon Introd. Old Norse 293 There were variants of the normal stanza-forms. 1957E. T. Cone in N. Frye Sound & Poetry i. 6 Zelter, keeping close to the unusual stanza-form..produces a top-heavy musical period. 1976Classical Q. XXVI. 16 The catalectic effect in English or German is a function of the particular stanza-form. 1978Early Music Oct. 629/1 A large number of ‘wasted pages’..are taken up with setting out the poetic texts in stanza form.
Hence ˈstanzaed a. (in parasynthetic derivatives), having (a specified number of) stanzas; ˈstanza v. trans. (nonce-wd.), to write stanzas upon.
1755J. Shebbeare Lydia (1769) II. 78 He..hit off an epigram or a three stanzaed song with some reputation. 1796Lamb Final Mem. i. 199 (To Coleridge) Dyer stanza'd him in one of the papers t'other day. 1868Chronicle No. 43. 67/1 The nine-stanzaed hymn. |