| 释义 |
▪ I. stang, n.1 dial.|stæŋ|
Forms: 3 stong, (7 stonge), 4–7 stange, 6–7 stangue, 8 steng, 3– stang.
[a. ON. stǫng fem., genit. stangar (Sw. stång, Da. stang), cogn. w. OE. stæng, stęng masc., pole (see sting n.1), OS. stanga fem. (MLG. stange), MDu. stanghe fem. (mod.Du. stang; also steng, earlier stenge fem.), OHG. stanga fem. (MHG., mod.G. stange); the OTeut. types are *staŋgō, *staŋgjō fem., *staŋgi-z masc., f. the root *steŋg- to pierce: see sting v.
The It. stanga bar (whence Fr. stangue shaft of an anchor) is an adoption of the Teut. word.]
1. A pole or stake, a wooden bar or beam. Also in various specific uses (see quots.).
a1300Cursor M. 24029 Þai draf him forth wit staf and stong. 13..Ibid. 21144 (Gött.) A wicked iuu..Smate him wid a walker stang [v.r. (Fairf.) a saa stange]. 13..Gaw. & Gr. Knt. 1614, & syþen on a stif stange stoutly hem henges. 1481–90Howard Househ. Bks. (Roxb.) 102 To by stanges for my Lord xvj. d. 1599Fitch in Hakluyt Voy. II. i. 258 A kind of Coches..caried vpon a stang betweene 3. or 4. men. 1613Markham Eng. Husb. i. ii. ix. (1635) 167 In those large baskets..carry them [apples] upon cole-staves, or stangs, betwixt two men. 1709in D. Beveridge's Culross & Tulliallan (1885) II. 52 Four pounds Scotts to be payed to Alexr. Birnay, wright, for erecting the stang for the scollers in August last. 1781J. Hutton Tour to Caves (ed. 2) Gloss. 96 Stangs, the shafts of a cart. 1816Scott Antiq. xxvi, He has braw broad shouthers, and I just took the measure o' them wi' the stang. 1824[Carr] Craven Gloss., Stang, a pole applied as a lever to press on a cart wheel, to prevent too great a velocity in rapid descents. 1828Ibid., Stang, a strong piece of wood on which the carcases of beasts are suspended by the sinews of the hind legs. 1900C. Murray Hamewith 73 This is the ferry, an' I'm the lord An' king o' the boat an' stang.
b. to ride the stang: to be mounted astride of a pole borne on the shoulders of two men, and carried through the streets for the derision of the spectators.
In some places in Scotland and the north of England, one who has in certain ways incurred the indignation of his or her fellow-villagers is compelled to ‘ride the stang’ (either personally, in effigy, or by proxy), accompanied by a jeering crowd and sometimes ‘rough music’. There is also a New Year's day custom by which every one met by the mob has either to ‘ride the stang’ or pay a forfeit.
1718Ramsay Christ's Kirk Gr. iii. xviii, Ane mounted wi' a bang, Betwisht twa's shoulders..and rade the stang On her that day. 1740in Cramond Ann. Banff (1891) I. 152 Sundry riotous persons fin'd for carrying Ann Miln from her own house and causing her to ride the stang. 1782Callander Two Anc. Scott. Poems 154 When they cannot lay hold of the culprit himself, they put some young fellow on the stang or pole, who proclaims that it is not on his own account that he is thus treated, but on that of another person, whom he names. 1865Athenæum 2 Sept. 313/3 An attempt was recently made, in Barnsley..to revive the old custom of ‘riding the stang’. That is, hoisting an offending man on to a staff, or a woman into a basket, and carrying them till the victims ransom themselves by paying a fine, spent in ‘drink’. 1893Westm. Gaz. 17 Oct. 5/2 On Thursday night the villagers expressed their indignation by the ceremony known as ‘riding the stang’. This consists of carrying an effigy of the person in question round the village. 1896Ditchfield Old Eng. Cust. 181 All who were found at work on the day of the feast had to ride the stang or pay a forfeit.
†2. A measure of land.
a. = rood n. 8.
b. In Wales, an acre. Obs.
[1249in Cal. Charter Rolls (1903) I. 343 Tres stangas.] 1326Black Bk. St. David's (1902) 18 Philippus Curteys tenet j acram terre et stang et reddit per annum ij d. 1570in 11th Rep. Dep. Kpr. Rec. Irel. 233 A stang called No⁓man's land, and 1 acre called Bodyngs acre. 1603Owen Pembrokeshire (1892) 133, 8 poles in bredth and xx in length or 4 in bredth and 40 in length maketh a stange. 1652in Gentl. Mag. (1861) Nov. 507, 32 acres and three stonge of beanes and pease. 1682Piers Descr. W. Meath (1770) 116 They divide usually one field into acres, half-acres, stangs, that is roods. 1726Swift Gulliver i. ii, These fields were intermingled with woods of half a stang. 1777Tunstall Inclos. Act 10 Five acres and three stengs of land in the said East Field.
3. (See quot.)
1734in D. D. Black Hist. Brechin vii. (1839) 140 [The price of the] stang or standing stone for the top of the cross.
4. Comb., as stang-ball, a variety of bar-shot.
1802C. James Milit. Dict. s.v. Ball, Stang Balls.
▪ II. stang, n.2 Obs. exc. Sc. and north.|stæŋ|
Also 4–5 stong(e.
[f. stang v.1]
1. A sting.
a1300Cursor M. 18115 To ded i said, ‘quar es þi stang?’ Ibid. 20960 Þe nedder..wit hir stang. 1382Wyclif Exod. xxiii. 28 Stynggynge flies, that ben sprungun of deed bodies, hauynge the stonges enuenymd. 1500–20Dunbar Poems xxxviii. 10 The crewall serpent with the mortall stang. 1556J. Heywood Spider & F. lvi. 34 Should it not sting him like stang of an adder? 1567Gude & Godlie Ball. 108 Thow sall stampe on the edderis stang. 1851Cumberld. Gloss.
b. The punctured wound caused by a sting.
c1800Ye hae lien a' wrang in Burns' Poems, But in herrying o' a bee byke, I'm rad ye've got a stang.
c. A sharp pain such as is caused by a sting.
1513Douglas æneis xi. ix. 18 The greif and ire dyd fast habound, Rasit wyth breithfull stangis full onsound. 1526Pilgr. Perf. (W. de W. 1531) 260 b, Remember here also the sharpe stanges & panges that our lorde suffred for our synnes. 1530Lyndesay Test. Papyngo 1140 It war to lang to mak narratioun Off sychis sore, with mony stang and stound. 1789Burns Addr. Toothache 1 My curse upon thy venom'd stang, That shoots my tortur'd gums alang. 1822Galt Provost xxxvii, Such a stang as I got on entering the house, when I heard his mother wailing that he was dead. 1891R. Ford Thistledown xvi. 299 My conscience yet gies me sair stangs when I think aboot her.
2. A name for certain fishes:
a. The pipe-fish, Syngnathus acus;
b. the lesser weever, Trachinus vipera.
1803Sibbald's Fife & Kinross 127 note, Syngnathus acus, Shorter Pipe-fish; our fishers call it the Stang or Sting. 1880Day Fishes Gt. Brit. I. 82 Little- or lesser-weever:..Stangster or Stang, Moray Firth.
3. An eel-spear. Also Comb. stong-gad.
1847Halliwell, Stang, an eel-spear. North. 1866J. E. Brogden Prov. Lincs. 1888Fenn Dick o' the Fens xii. 189 Mester Hickathrift has got the stong gad to mend. One of the tines is off, and it wants a noo ash pole.
4. Sc. The awn or beard of grain.
1808Jamieson.
5. The tongue of a ‘trump’ or jews harp; also fig. (see quot. 1808).
1803Jamieson, Stang of the trump, a proverbial phrase, used to denote one who is preferred to others viewed collectively; as the best member of a family. 1909C. Murray Hamewith (ed. 2) 21 Trumps wi' double stang.
6. Comb., as stang-fish (cf. sense 2 and sting-fish).
1838Johnston in Proc. Berw. Nat. Club I. No. vi. 170 Lesser Weaver, Yarr. Stang-fish, Prov.
▪ III. stang, v.1|stæŋ|
Also 3–4 stange, (4 stayng), 9 dial. steng.
[a. ON. stanga to prick, goad, to spear (fish), to butt with the horns, f. stang-, stǫng stake: see stang n.1]
1. † trans. To pierce (a person) with a weapon. Obs.
c1340Hampole Pr. Consc. 5293 Þe spere..þat staynged [v.r. stanged] Crist until þe hert rote. c1400Mandeville (Roxb.) ii. 7 Þe schaft of þe spere with whilk Criste was stanged to þe hert.
b. dial. To spear (eels).
1856P. Thompson Hist. Boston 725 Stang, an instrument to catch eels with, by ‘stanging’.
2. To sting. lit. and fig.
a1300Cursor M. 22014 Dane..neder in strete, waitand hors to stang in fete. c1375Sc. Leg. Saints xviii. (Mary of Egypt) 427 Ane edir þat wald hym stang. c1460Towneley Myst. xxiii. 426 If thou will my harte stang. 1724Ramsay Royal Archers Shooting i, Serpents that wad stang The hand that gies them food. 1862C. C. Robinson Dial. Leeds 421 It'll steng thah if thah touches it.
b. absol.
c1375Cursor M. 24357 (Fairf.) Þai stokid him wiþ a spere wiþ wrange Þat þorou mi hert I felde hit stange. c1475Henryson Orpheus & Euryd. 324 The serpent stangis that is dedely syn. 1785Burns Jolly Beggars lii, But for how lang the flie may stang, Let inclination law that. 1786― Epist. to Major Logan vi, As the clegs o' feeling stang.
3. intr. To shoot or throb with pain. dial.
1788W. H. Marshall Yorksh. II. 355. 1825 Brockett N.C. Gloss. 1856P. Thompson Hist. Boston 725.
Hence stanged ppl. a.; ˈstanging vbl. n. and ppl. a.
a1300Cursor M. 21688 Quen þe stanged men moght se Þe nedder on þe tre þat hang, Þai war all warist of þair stang. Ibid. 24540 In sterin stanging was i stadd. c1460Towneley Myst. xxi. 11 We haue had for the mekill hart stangyng. 1508Dunbar Two Mariit Wemen 266 With a terrebill tail be stangand as edderis. 1513Douglas æneis vii. xiii. 124 Thair wraith and vennom culd he dant and meys And heill thair stanging. 16022nd Pt. Return fr. Parnassus Prol. 33 Its a Christmas toy indeede, as good a conceit as stanging hotcockles, or blinde-man buffe. 1863Specim. Yorksh. Dial., I had such a stanging pain from the tooth-ache. 1881J. Murray in Mod. Sc. Poets III. 154 The doctors pondered lang and sair To rid me o' the stangin' o't.
▪ IV. stang, v.2|stæŋ|
[f. stang n.1]
†1. trans. To fasten with a ‘stang’, to bar.
1598Florio, Stangare, to barre, to sprang, to stang a dore.
†2. To cause to ride the stang. Cf. stang n.1 1 b.
1674Ray N.C. Words 44 This Word is still used in some Colleges in..Cambridge; to stang Scholars in Christmas, being to cause them to ride on a colt-staff, or pole, for missing of Chappel. 1777Brand Pop. Antiq. App. 410.
3. To carry (produce) on stangs.
1829Glover Hist. Derby I. 203 In very steep or small inclosures, hay continues here to be carried to the stack, by a method called stanging... Corn crops from similar situations are also stanged.
▪ V. stang
pa. tense (obs.) of sting v.
▪ VI. stang(e
obs. ff. stank n. |